CN106018559A - Accelerated deterioration test method for cement-based materials in restraint state - Google Patents
Accelerated deterioration test method for cement-based materials in restraint state Download PDFInfo
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- CN106018559A CN106018559A CN201610327874.7A CN201610327874A CN106018559A CN 106018559 A CN106018559 A CN 106018559A CN 201610327874 A CN201610327874 A CN 201610327874A CN 106018559 A CN106018559 A CN 106018559A
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- deterioration
- cement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
- G01N23/046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/10—Different kinds of radiation or particles
- G01N2223/101—Different kinds of radiation or particles electromagnetic radiation
- G01N2223/1016—X-ray
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/011—Velocity or travel time
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0232—Glass, ceramics, concrete or stone
Abstract
The invention provides an accelerated deterioration test method for cement-based materials in a restraint state. The method comprises steps as follows: manufacturing a cement-based test piece with bolts embedded at two ends; preparing a saline solution for an accelerated deterioration test; fabricating a restraint device with a material with higher elasticity modulus. During the deterioration test, the bolts penetrate the restraint device and then are connected through nuts, and the restraint degree of the test piece is adjusted by an electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machine. A non-metal ultrasonic detection analyzer and a displacement sensor are used for monitoring ultrasonic parameters and displacement changes of the test piece in real time in the deterioration process, and the pore structure of the test piece is scanned and analyzed with an X-ray computed tomography technology before and after deterioration. Compared with a traditional deterioration test method, the accelerated deterioration test method has the advantages that the restraint device is more flexible and more convenient, and the deterioration effect is more obvious; compared with a traditional deterioration determining method, the method can monitor the deterioration process in real time, and the micropore structure scanning and analyzing method is more visual and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the durability test method of construction material, especially one about pencil in civil engineering material field
The activated deterioration test method of cement-based material under state.
Background technology
At present, concrete material has become the building structural materials that purposes in the world is the widest, consumption is maximum, its performance and time
Degeneration directly affects military service performance and the service life of great foundation engineering.But, due to high salt, high temperature difference, low humidity,
Concrete material often premature failure under the harsh and unforgiving environments such as the environmental activities such as high temperature/frost, China coast and western salt lake,
And then have influence on engineering structure, and cause numerous infrastructure service life to be greatly reduced, economic loss is huge, seriously restricts
Ocean is developed.
The alternation of wetting and drying Seawater corrosion effect that sea tidal zone occurs can accelerate the performance degradation of concrete, concrete intermediary
Interaction mechanism between matter transmission, chemical erosion, mechanical damage and general environment have significantly difference, its performance
Degenerative process has significant time variation and random nature.Research concrete is under alternation of wetting and drying Seawater corrosion effect
Deterioration, can under harsh and unforgiving environments a certain period inner concrete material degree of impairment be predicted and evaluate.
Plain concrete can't crack when simple free deformation, in only just producing when deformation is restricted
Stress also gradually ftractures.In engineering structure, concrete always because of by certain external constraint (template, reinforcing bar,
Bearing and adjacent members etc.) and cause deformation to be restricted, thus produce restraint stress, final structure produces significant change.
The present invention is by alternation of wetting and drying phenomenon and Seawater corrosion process in simulating ocean environment, it is provided that water under a kind of restrained condition
The activated deterioration test method of cement-based material.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: it is an object of the invention to provide the activated deterioration test method of cement-based material under a kind of restrained condition,
The present invention uses single shaft constrained procedure, and compared with traditional annulus constraint, flat board constrained procedure, this method can be to deteriorating
The deformation of different size test specimen in journey, the index such as ultrasonic parameters change measures immediately.
Technical scheme: it is an object of the invention to by following means realization.
A kind of activated deterioration test method of cement-based material under restrained condition, comprises the steps:
(1) test specimen of cement-based material is made；
At the two ends of test specimen, pre-buried two bolts prepare deterioration test specimen and contrast specimen；
(2) saline solution needed for preparation activated deterioration test；
(3) restraint device needed for accelerated test is made；
Restraint device is divided into left plate, each one piece of right panel, and circular hole, upper plate, each one piece of lower plate are opened in centre.After splicing, then
Use the bolt each plate of fixing connection.During deterioration test, by bolt through circular hole, then connect with nut.Watched by electro-hydraulic
Take universal testing machine and control the constraint degree of test specimen.
(4) deterioration process use Nonmental Ultrasonic and displacement transducer to the ultrasonic parameters of test specimen and
Change in displacement is monitored in real time, uses the X-ray computed tomography pore structure to test specimen before and after deterioration
It is scanned and analyzes.
Described bolt length is 2～20cm, and material is rustless steel.
Described saline solution is sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate,
Sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, the mixing of one or more of magnesium chloride, each liquid quality fraction is 0.1～90%.
Described restraint device material is rustless steel, cast iron, pottery, simple glass, one or more of lucite
Combination.
When the ultrasonic parameters that described deterioration process is surveyed is the sound of ultrasound wave, the velocity of sound, wave amplitude, the one of frequency or
Several.
The pore structure of described deterioration traversing of probe analysis is pore volume, hole area, one or more of porosity.
Beneficial effect: the present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that
1, the present invention uses single shaft constrained procedure, and compared with traditional annulus constraint, flat board constrained procedure, this method is permissible
To the deformation of different size test specimen in deterioration process, the index such as ultrasonic parameters change measures immediately.
2, compared with the constraint degree that temperature-pressure tester controls test specimen, this method uses electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machine to control
Test specimen constraint degree is the most flexible, operates more convenient, and with low cost.
3, compared with the deterioration judging method traditional with mass loss rate, loss of strength rate etc., ultrasonic parameters change and shape
The decision method become is more convenient, accurately.Deterioration overall process can be carried out in real time by this method, non-destructive monitoring.
4, the pore structure before and after using X-ray computed tomography to deteriorate test specimen is scanned and analyzes, and grinds
Studying carefully the microstructure change of test specimen, this method is the most intuitive and reliable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the restraint device schematic diagram of deterioration test.
Wherein have: left plate 1, right panel 2, upper plate 3, lower plate 4, circular hole 5.
Fig. 2 is the test specimen deformation variation relation figure with cycle-index；S1 is free state deterioration；S2 is restrained condition
Deterioration.
Fig. 3 is the ultrasonic velocity variation diagram of test specimen under the conditions of drying and watering cycle；S1 is free state deterioration；S2 is about
Pencil state deteriorates.
Fig. 4 is the comparison diagram of test specimen total pore volume before and after deterioration；S1 is free state deterioration；S2 is that restrained condition is bad
Change.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, present disclosure is described further.
(1) test specimen of cement-based material is made；
According to match ratio cement: water: sand=1: prepare cement mortar specimen at 0.5: 3, a size of 40mm × 40mm
×160mm.The bolt of pre-buried two a length of 8cm at the two ends of test specimen, wherein exposes distance for 4cm.Prepare bad
Change test specimen and contrast specimen；
(2) saline solution needed for preparation activated deterioration test；
For accelerated deterioration process, preparation mass fraction is the Mg of 5%2SO4, the NaCl of the 10% and Na of 10%2SO4
Mixing salt solution is accelerated deterioration test.Using drying and watering cycle mode, drying and watering cycle system is room temperature (20 DEG C) simultaneously
Soaking 8h, 50 DEG C of dry 16h, this 24h are a circulation.
(3) restraint device needed for accelerated test is made；
Restraint device material is rustless steel, and point left plate, each one piece of right panel, circular hole, upper plate, each one piece of lower plate are opened in centre.
After splicing, then use the bolt each steel plate of fixing connection.During deterioration test, by bolt through circular hole, then connect with nut.
The constraint degree being controlled test specimen by electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machine is 0.70～0.75.
(4) activated deterioration test is carried out in climatic chamber.After this scrap build, access LVDT displacement and pass
Sensor, measures in real time to test specimen deformation.During use, two sensors are connected with test specimen two ends respectively, output letter
Number stored by Acquisition Instrument.Utilize Nonmental Ultrasonic that test specimen ultrasonic velocity after each drying and watering cycle is carried out
Measure.Microstructure before and after utilizing X-ray computed tomography to deteriorate test specimen is scanned, and unites
The pore volume of test specimen analyzed by meter.
Fig. 2 is the test specimen deformation variation relation figure with cycle-index；S1 is free state deterioration, and S2 is restrained condition
Deterioration.Generally, S1 and S2 test specimen all showed as expanding in the deterioration stage, and the final swell value of S1 test specimen is about
1.72×10-4, and the swell value of S2 test specimen is less, reaches 0.59 × 10 during 120d-4.Hereafter, S2 test specimen is by expanding
Transferring contraction to, compared with its original dimension, overall expansion value reduces to 0.27 × 10-4.After reason is deterioration a period of time,
Test specimen internal microstructure generation significant change, counteracts demi-inflation stress.
Fig. 3 is the ultrasonic velocity variation diagram of test specimen under the conditions of drying and watering cycle；S1 is free state deterioration, and S2 is about
Pencil state deteriorates.The decreasing value of the ultrasonic velocity of S1 and S2 test specimen all increases along with the increase of drying moistening cycle,
But there is obvious flex point when 120 circulations in S2 test specimen, and ultrasonic velocity decreasing value significantly reduces, and this is described
Time test specimen degradation phenomena the most obvious.
Fig. 4 is the comparison diagram of test specimen total pore volume before and after deterioration；S1 is free state deterioration, and S2 is that restrained condition is bad
Change.Pore volume before relatively deteriorating during S1 test specimen deterioration 120d is increased slightly, and rate of change is about 12.56%, and S2 tries
After part deterioration 120d, the pore volume amplification before relatively deterioration is relatively big, and rate of change reaches 28.58%.This is because S2 test specimen
Creating the wet internal stress such as stress and salt-pepper noise swelling stress that rises of drying shrinkage through deterioration, this stress is because of cannot by external constraint
Discharge completely, produce overstrain and build up, ultimately resulting in test specimen internal microstructure and change；And S1 examination
The drying and watering cycle of part, Seawater corrosion process is without external constraint, and residual stress is less or accumulates less, not enough so that trying
Part internal structure produces significant change.
Claims (6)
1. the activated deterioration test method of cement-based material under a restrained condition, it is characterised in that this test method bag
Containing the steps:
1) test specimen of cement-based material is made: pre-buried two bolts prepare deterioration test specimen and to having a competition at the two ends of test specimen
Part；
2) saline solution needed for preparation activated deterioration test；
3) restraint device needed for accelerated test is made:
Restraint device is divided into left plate, and each one piece of right panel, circular hole is opened in centre；Also have upper plate, each one piece of lower plate；By left plate,
Right panel, upper plate, after lower plate is spliced into the restraint device that cross section is rectangle, then use the bolt each plate of fixing connection；Deterioration
During test, bolt is passed from circular hole, then connect with nut；The pact of test specimen is controlled by electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machine
Shu Du；
4) deterioration process uses Nonmental Ultrasonic and displacement transducer to the ultrasonic parameters of test specimen and position
Move change to monitor in real time, before and after deterioration, use X-ray computed tomography that the pore structure of test specimen is entered
Row scanning analysis.
The activated deterioration test method of cement-based material, its feature under restrained condition the most according to claim 1
Be described step 1) described in bolt length be 2～20cm, material is rustless steel.
The activated deterioration test method of cement-based material, its feature under restrained condition the most according to claim 1
Be described step 2) in saline solution be sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate,
The mixing of one or more of magnesium nitrate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride or magnesium chloride, each liquid quality fraction is
0.1～90%.
The activated deterioration test method of cement-based material, its feature under restrained condition the most according to claim 1
Be described step 3) in the one that restraint device material is rustless steel, cast iron, pottery, glass or lucite
Or several combinations.
The activated deterioration test method of cement-based material, its feature under restrained condition the most according to claim 1
Be described step 4) in deterioration process surveyed the sound that ultrasonic parameters is ultrasound wave time, the velocity of sound, wave amplitude or frequency
One or more of rate.
The activated deterioration test method of cement-based material, its feature under restrained condition the most according to claim 1
Be described step 4) described in deterioration traversing of probe analysis pore structure be pore volume, hole area and porosity.
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| CN201610327874.7A CN106018559A (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | Accelerated deterioration test method for cement-based materials in restraint state |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106706679A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-24 | 东南大学 | Nondestructive test method for representing sizes of all carbonized zones of cement-based material |
| CN108801894A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-13 | 河海大学 | A kind of sulfate physical erosion acceleration test apparatus and test method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101281189A (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2008-10-08 | 青岛理工大学 | Cement base material permanent load composite corrosion test instrument |
| CN102175524A (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2011-09-07 | 东南大学 | Loading device and method for testing durability of cement-based material |
-
2016
- 2016-05-17 CN CN201610327874.7A patent/CN106018559A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101281189A (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2008-10-08 | 青岛理工大学 | Cement base material permanent load composite corrosion test instrument |
| CN102175524A (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2011-09-07 | 东南大学 | Loading device and method for testing durability of cement-based material |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106706679A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-24 | 东南大学 | Nondestructive test method for representing sizes of all carbonized zones of cement-based material |
| CN108801894A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-13 | 河海大学 | A kind of sulfate physical erosion acceleration test apparatus and test method |
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