CN109322669B - Method for alternately filling rigid and flexible strips in inclined coal seam goaf without coal pillars and continuously mining - Google Patents
Method for alternately filling rigid and flexible strips in inclined coal seam goaf without coal pillars and continuously mining Download PDFInfo
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- CN109322669B CN109322669B CN201811471156.2A CN201811471156A CN109322669B CN 109322669 B CN109322669 B CN 109322669B CN 201811471156 A CN201811471156 A CN 201811471156A CN 109322669 B CN109322669 B CN 109322669B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
- E21D19/02—Provisional protective covers for working space for use in longwall working
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rigid and flexible strip alternate filling coal pillar-free continuous mining method for a goaf of an inclined coal seam, which comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out rigid strip filling on the goaf of the inclined coal seam, arranging strips parallel to a working face, taking sand-based paste as a material, and finishing the process from the upper end of the strips to the stoping side of a track roadway, wherein the interval is smaller than the primary caving step of a direct roof; then, conveying the aeolian sand to the goaf by using the reserved track drift, and filling gaps among the rigid strips to form flexible supporting strips for a top plate of the goaf; and finally, sealing the aeolian sand strip by a paste wall at the mining side of the track roadway. According to the rigid-flexible strip alternate filling coal-pillar-free continuous mining method for the inclined coal seam goaf, the self-slip property of aeolian sand is utilized to ensure the dry type filling roof-contacting effect of the aeolian sand, the overall stability of a filling strip is improved, and the long-term control effect of a filling body on the top plate of the inclined coal seam goaf is ensured; the reserved track drift can serve the extraction of the next working face, and the continuous extraction without coal pillars between the working faces is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an underground coal mining method, in particular to a rigid-flexible strip alternate filling coal-pillar-free continuous mining method for a goaf of an inclined coal seam.
Background
In northwest areas of China, particularly in Xinjiang, the coal resource reserves are abundant, the coal bed inclination angle is large, and the coal bed inclination angle is distributed in arid and semiarid deserts or gobi areas mostly, so that the water resources are deficient, and the ecological environment is extremely fragile. Mining-induced fractures and surface subsidence generated by treating a goaf by a traditional caving method can cause serious damage to underground water resources and surface vegetation. Pack mining is an effective method for reducing mining fractures and surface subsidence, and the packing material and the packing mode are important factors affecting the overall technical economy of pack mining. At present, goaf filling materials mainly comprise coal gangue, paste materials, high-water materials and concrete materials, and the filling modes comprise partial (strip) filling and integral filling. The strip filling has higher requirements on the performance of filling materials, and paste materials, high-water materials and concrete materials are mostly used. Although the material consumption is less compared with the whole filling, the filling material has higher unit price and needs to consume a large amount of water resources, so that the filling material is not suitable for western water-deficient mining areas. Moreover, the stability of the filling strips in the inclined coal seam goaf is poor, the exposed top plate between the filling strips is easy to be pumped out and collapsed, and the long-term control effect of the filling strips on the top plate is difficult to guarantee. The whole filling of the goaf can effectively improve the whole stability of the filling body, ensure the long-term control effect of the filling body on the top plate of the goaf, but is limited by the filling cost, and the practical application is limited. In addition, northwest coal resources are used as the final coal reserve which is not developed in a large scale in China, so that the recovery rate of the coal resources is improved as much as possible while the damage of mining activities to the ecological environment is reduced. The existing arrangement of section protection coal pillars between working faces is the main reason for coal loss of underground coal mines.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the special conditions of water shortage and sand abundance in the regions, the invention provides a rigid-flexible strip alternate filling coal-pillar-free continuous mining method for the goaf of the inclined coal seam.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
firstly, after the working face of the inclined coal seam is automatically cut and mined, an anchor cable is used for reinforcing and supporting a track roadway by about 30-60m of the working face in an overtime period;
filling a first paste strip into the goaf when the advancing distance of the inclined coal seam working face is close to the primary caving step of the immediate roof, wherein the strip is arranged in a leaning manner (parallel to the working face), the lower end of the strip is arranged to the non-stoping side of the transportation roadway, the upper end of the strip is arranged to the stoping side of the track roadway, the width of the strip is 3-10m, the paste material is a mixture consisting of aeolian sand, cement, fly ash and a water reducing agent, and the water-cement ratio is 0.5;
thirdly, conveying the aeolian sand to the goaf through the rail drift by using a turnover van-type mine car, and unloading the aeolian sand into a U-shaped space formed by a paste filling strip, a cut hole coal wall and a non-stoping side roadway side of the transportation drift, wherein the inclined U-shaped space is gradually filled from bottom to top due to the self-running property of the aeolian sand;
fourthly, after the inclined U-shaped space is filled with the aeolian sand, a wall body is built on the recovery side of the track roadway to seal the upper end of the aeolian sand filling strip, the sealing wall body is made of the paste material, the thickness of the sealing wall body is 3-5m, and the outer side of the wall body is flush with the upper end of the paste strip;
with the continuous forward advance of the working face, the paste strip filling work, the wind-blown sand strip filling work and the construction work of the upper end closed wall of the wind-blown sand filling strip are carried out in sequence, and the distance between the paste strips is smaller than the initial collapse step distance of the direct roof.
The advanced anchor cable reinforcing support parameters for the rail roadway in the step I are as follows: the diameter of the anchor cable is 22mm, the length of the anchor cable is 4-8m, the spacing between the anchor cables and the row spacing are respectively 1-2 times of the spacing between the original anchor rod supports and the row spacing, the anchoring mode of the anchor cable is that the resin explosive roll is lengthened for anchoring, and the specific parameters are determined according to the lithology of the top plate, the mining height, the mining depth and the ground pressure.
And secondly, determining the width of the paste strip and the proportion of the filling material according to the lithology of the top plate, the mining height, the mining depth, the size of the ground pressure and the control requirement of the top plate.
And fourthly, determining the thickness of the closed wall according to the lithology of the top plate, the extraction height, the mining depth, the ground pressure and the proportion of the paste material.
And fifthly, before the aeolian sand filling strips are filled, temporary support is carried out on the direct roof of the locally crushed goaf by hanging a net, so that the integrity of the direct roof and the compactness of the aeolian sand filling strips are ensured.
The method has the advantages that the rigid-flexible strip alternate filling coal-pillar-free continuous mining method for the inclined coal seam gob has the advantages that the low-cost aeolian sand with wide sources in the northwest mine area is used for replacing part of strip filling materials with higher prices, the filling cost is reduced, the roof contact effect of the aeolian sand dry filling is guaranteed by fully utilizing the self-running property of the aeolian sand, the integral stability of filling strips is improved, and the long-term control effect of a filling body on the inclined coal seam gob roof is guaranteed. And the section track drift is reserved while filling, and the reserved section track drift can serve the extraction of the next working face, so that the continuous mining without coal pillars among the working faces is realized.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a top view of inclined coal seam goaf rigid-flexible strip alternate filling non-pillar continuous mining method construction.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the direction of the inclined coal seam goaf in the continuous mining method by alternately filling rigid and flexible strips without coal pillars (position I-I in FIG. 1).
FIG. 3 is a side view of a trend of a filling position of a sand sediment strip in the inclined coal seam goaf rigid-flexible strip alternate filling non-pillar continuous mining method (II-II position in FIG. 1).
FIG. 4 is a side view (III-III position in FIG. 1) of the inclined direction at the filling end in the inclined coal seam goaf rigid-flexible strip alternate filling non-pillar continuous mining method.
In the figure, 1, a rail drift, 2, a rail, 3, a turnover box type mine car, 4, a closed wall, 5, a working face, 6, a paste strip, 7, a aeolian sand strip, 8, a direct roof, 9, a transportation drift and 10, a cut-out coal wall.
Detailed Description
In the figure, the operation steps of the inclined coal seam goaf rigid-flexible strip alternate filling non-pillar continuous mining method are as follows:
firstly, after the working face 5 of the inclined coal seam is mined by self-opening cutting holes, the anchor cable reinforcing support is carried out on the track roadway 1 by the working face 5 with the overtime period of about 30-60 m;
filling a first paste strip into the goaf when the advancing distance of the inclined coal seam working face 5 is close to the primary caving step of the immediate roof 8, wherein the strip 6 is arranged in a leaning manner (parallel to the working face 5), the lower end of the strip 6 is arranged to the non-stoping side of the transportation drift 9, the upper end of the strip 6 is arranged to the stoping side of the track drift 1, the width of the strip 6 is 3-10m, the paste material is a mixture consisting of aeolian sand, cement, fly ash and a water reducing agent, and the water-cement ratio is 0.5;
thirdly, the aeolian sand is transported to a goaf through the rail drift 1 by utilizing the turnover van-type mine car 3 and is unloaded into a U-shaped space consisting of a paste filling strip 6, a cut hole coal wall 10 and a non-stoping side drift side of a transportation drift 9, and the inclined U-shaped space is gradually filled from bottom to top due to the self-sliding property of the aeolian sand;
fourthly, after the inclined U-shaped space is filled with the aeolian sand, a wall body is built on the recovery side of the track drift 1 to seal the upper end of the aeolian sand filling strip 7, the building material of the sealing wall body 4 is the paste material, the thickness of the sealing wall body 4 is 3-5m, and the outer side of the sealing wall body 4 is flush with the upper end of the paste strip 6;
with the continuous forward advance of the working face 5, the filling work of the paste strips 6, the filling work of the aeolian sand strips 7 and the construction work of the upper end closed wall 4 of the aeolian sand filling strips 7 are sequentially carried out, and the distance between the paste strips 6 is smaller than the initial caving step of the direct roof 8.
In the step I, the advanced anchor cable reinforcing and supporting parameters for the track roadway 1 are as follows: the diameter of the anchor cable is 22mm, the length of the anchor cable is 4-8m, the spacing between the anchor cables and the row spacing are respectively 1-2 times of the spacing between the original anchor rod supports and the row spacing, the anchoring mode of the anchor cable is that the resin explosive roll is lengthened for anchoring, and the specific parameters are determined according to the lithology of the top plate, the mining height, the mining depth and the ground pressure.
And the width of the paste strip 6 and the proportion of the filling materials are determined according to the lithology of the top plate, the mining height, the mining depth, the size of the ground pressure and the control requirement of the top plate.
And the thickness of the closed wall 4 is determined according to the lithology of the top plate, the extraction height, the mining depth, the ground pressure and the proportion of the paste material.
In the fifth step, before the aeolian sand filling strips 7 are filled, temporary net hanging support needs to be carried out on the direct roof 8 of the locally crushed goaf, and the integrity of the direct roof 8 and the compactness of the aeolian sand filling strips 7 are guaranteed.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an inclined coal seam goaf rigid and flexible strip alternate filling does not have coal column continuous mining method which characterized in that: after the inclined coal seam working face (5) is mined from the open cut hole, 30-60m of the overtime working face (5) carries out anchor cable reinforced support on the track drift (1), when the advancing distance of the inclined coal seam working face (5) is close to the primary caving step of the direct roof (8), the mined-out area is filled with a first paste strip, the strip (6) is arranged in a leaning way and is parallel to the working face (5), the lower end of the strip (6) is connected to the non-mining side of the transport drift (9), the upper end of the strip (6) is connected to the mining side of the track drift (1), the width of the strip (6) is 3-10m, the paste material is a mixture consisting of aeolian sand, cement, fly ash and a water-cement ratio is 0.5, then the aeolian sand is conveyed to the mined-out area through the track drift (1) by utilizing a turnover van mine car (3), and the aeolian sand is discharged into a U-shaped side mining space consisting of the filling strip (6), the open cut coal wall (10) and the non-mining side paste space of the transport drift (9), the wind-blown sand has self-sliding property, the inclined U-shaped space is gradually filled from bottom to top, after the wind-blown sand is filled in the inclined U-shaped space, a wall body (4) is built on the recovery side of a track roadway (1) to seal the upper end of a wind-blown sand filling strip (7), the building material of the sealing wall body (4) is paste material in the second step, the thickness of the sealing wall body (4) is 3-5m, the outer side of the sealing wall body (4) is flush with the upper end of the paste strip (6) in the second step, along with the continuous forward propulsion of a working face (5), the filling work of the paste strip (6), the filling work of the wind-blown sand strip (7) and the building work of the sealing wall body (4) at the upper end of the wind-blown sand filling strip (7) are sequentially carried out, and the distance between the paste strips (6) is smaller than the initial collapse step distance of a direct roof (8); before the aeolian sand filling strips (7) are filled, the direct roof (8) of the locally crushed goaf needs to be subjected to temporary net hanging support, so that the integrity of the direct roof (8) and the compactness of the aeolian sand filling strips (7) are ensured.
2. The inclined coal seam goaf rigid-flexible strip alternate filling pillar-free continuous mining method according to claim 1; the method is characterized in that: the advanced anchor cable of the track roadway (1) is strengthened and supported by the following parameters: the diameter of the anchor cable is 22mm, the length of the anchor cable is 4-8m, the spacing between the anchor cables and the row spacing are respectively 1-2 times of the spacing between the original anchor rod supports and the row spacing, the anchoring mode of the anchor cable is that the resin explosive roll is lengthened for anchoring, and the specific parameters are determined according to the lithology of the top plate, the mining height, the mining depth and the ground pressure.
3. The inclined coal seam goaf rigid-flexible strip alternate filling pillar-free continuous mining method according to claim 1; the method is characterized in that: the width of the paste strip (6) and the proportion of the filling materials are determined according to the lithology of the top plate, the mining height, the mining depth, the size of the ground pressure and the control requirement of the top plate.
4. The inclined coal seam goaf rigid-flexible strip alternate filling pillar-free continuous mining method according to claim 1; the method is characterized in that: the thickness of the closed wall body (4) is determined according to the lithology of the top plate, the extraction height, the mining depth, the size of the ground pressure and the proportion of the paste material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811471156.2A CN109322669B (en) | 2018-12-04 | 2018-12-04 | Method for alternately filling rigid and flexible strips in inclined coal seam goaf without coal pillars and continuously mining |
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| CN201811471156.2A CN109322669B (en) | 2018-12-04 | 2018-12-04 | Method for alternately filling rigid and flexible strips in inclined coal seam goaf without coal pillars and continuously mining |
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| CN110486082B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2021-06-15 | 河北充填采矿技术有限公司 | Method for alternately filling different materials in goaf |
| CN111156000A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-05-15 | 北京中矿创新联盟能源环境科学研究院 | Low seam coal-pillar-free retreating type coal mining method |
| CN111594263A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-28 | 山东康格能源科技有限公司 | Dry-wet combined gangue filling method |
| CN112412459B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-07-12 | 贵州大学 | Special strip type filling mining method |
| CN114165234B (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-04-29 | 中煤科工能源科技发展有限公司 | Strip face pack mining method |
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| CN103939137A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for filling aeolian sand empty field of western desert mining area shallow coal seam |
| CN104948191A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-09-30 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for preventing and treating rock burst by using filling mode |
| CN108757023A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-06 | 中国矿业大学 | A method of exploiting displacement coal column using spoil strip filling |
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2018
- 2018-12-04 CN CN201811471156.2A patent/CN109322669B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2068498C1 (en) * | 1994-01-10 | 1996-10-27 | Юлий Давидович Торф | Method of slant coal seams development |
| RU2382883C1 (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-02-27 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт имени Г.В. Плеханова (технический университет)" | Erection method of filling connection strap |
| CN102392644A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-03-28 | 淄博市王庄煤矿 | Stripped fluid expansion filling mining method for below middle thick coal seam |
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| CN108757023A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-06 | 中国矿业大学 | A method of exploiting displacement coal column using spoil strip filling |
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