CN105089668A - Longwall working face coal-pillar-free mining method - Google Patents
Longwall working face coal-pillar-free mining method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a longwall working face coal-pillar-free mining method, which is completely different from the existing gob-side entry retaining and gob-side entry driving. The method comprises the following main contents that: (1) two airways are tunneled to be used as a working face air return airway and a working face air intake airway of a first mining working face; (2) stopping is performed until the working face stopping is completed; (3) a hollow space region between the coal wall of an air intake airway of the first mining working face and caved gangues in a goaf is used as the partial air return airway of a second working face; (4) a main air return airway of the second working face is tunneled in a position with a certain distance from the partial air return airway and in a direction parallel to the partial air return airway; (5) the working face air intake airway is tunneled in a position with a distance being the length of one working face from the partial air return airway and in direction parallel to the partial air return airway, and an open-off cut hole is formed between the partial air return airway and the air intake airway of the working face; (6) stopping is performed until the second working face stopping is completed; and (7) operations in the step (3) to the step (6) are repeated until the coal bed mining is completed. The method can adapt to coal beds with various thicknesses, and the method is simple, safe and efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground mine production technique field, relevant without pillar mining method especially with coal wall.
Background technology
At present, all stay between most of underground mine coal wall, the whole nation and establish section coal pillar, object makes section road be arranged in position beyond stope fixed bearing pressure sphere of action or less, be conducive to driving and the maintenance of section road like this, but cost is the section coal pillar loss between work plane.The basic reason that current domestic coal wall working section recovery is not high is exactly that section coal pillar between work plane is too large, if can section coal pillar be cancelled, or back production is carried out to section coal pillar, then working section recovery even can reach the level of working face extraction rate, a new level is reached to the recovery of coal resources, Study on Protection of Spontaneous Combustion danger will significantly reduce, and to the length of service extending mine, has important practical significance.Domestic and international at present gob side entry driving and gob side entry retaining two aspect are mainly concentrated on for the research without coal pillar mining.
Gob side entry driving technology can be divided into Tunnelling Along Goaf (not staying coal column) and stay thin coal pillar gob side entry driving.Because the water in goaf and the spoil of gas and inbreak thereof can form dangerous to the normal driving in tunnel, and cause certain influence to tunneling ventilation, therefore generally do not adopt Tunnelling Along Goaf and adopt the supporting roadway with narrow coal pillar staying and establish 3 ~ 6m wide.This still also exists coal resources loss problem (about losing more than 2%), and coal column is pressed shortcake in goaf, even crushes, and very easily causes goaf coal column spontaneous fire, constitutes a threat to safety in production.Along with high seam (China's high seam rich reserves, wherein State owned coal mine high seam reserves account for 44%) actual mining increases in the face of the demand of ventilation, stope drift active workings section needs constantly to increase, and the impact by mine pressure is also larger, stays and establishes the drawback of thin coal pillar further obvious.Gob side entry driving must be complete at a upper section working face extraction, and Stope roof has been caving and just can have carried out pick lane after compacting, therefore needs considerable time, takes over cause very large difficulty to the production of a lot of mine of China.
Edge air gallery technology can be divided into roadside support and support in mine gateway two kinds, support in mine gateway has successively developed log hut, H shaped steel shack, compressibile support, anchor rete cord etc., and roadside support has developed the technology such as grillage, close standing props, waste pack, concrete block, paste body filling and high-water material filling.There is the mechanical property such as Support Resistance, contractibility and the shortcoming such as gob side entry retaining surrouding rock deformation is incompatible in traditional roadside support, is unfavorable for roadway maintenance.Support in mine gateway is then large due to back pressure, and distortion is serious, seldom uses in simple support in mine gateway actual production.Therefore, China's edge air gallery technology is just applied in the good thin and medium seam of condition substantially for a long time, is difficult to develop gob side entry retaining in condition difficulty or high seam.
In sum, although without the development of coal pillar mining technology for many years, gob side entry retaining or gob side entry driving all have significant shortcoming, and gob side entry retaining can not realize mechanized construction mostly, labor strength is large, speed of application is slow, and in goaf operation, safety condition is poor, need from ground transport roadside support material, increase considerably mining assistant conveyance amount, mismatch with the mechanization of combining well of digging up mine at present and overlap, apply less at medium-thickness seam and high seam.Tunnelling Along Goaf mode is positioned at side, goaf due to tunnel, because top board is by mining influence, adopt machine pick and bolt support comparatively difficult, be therefore also difficult to the current digging situation of adaptation.Be difficult to promote at large-scale Modern Pit.Stay part coal column gob side entry driving mode then can not be referred to as real without coal pillar mining, still there is coal resources loss, and there is the hidden danger of goaf coal column spontaneous fire.Gob side entry retaining speed can not adapt with working face extraction speed, is difficult to meet large-scale mine fully-mechanized mining working and advances feature fast.Could tunnel after gob side entry driving must wait fixed bearing pressure stability, work plane continues complexity.Here it is at present without pillar mining method present situation, although have many good qualities, middle influence factor of meeting the tendency because it is actual is numerous, construction is complicated, cost is high, although use for many years, mine main is difficult to popularize the reason used in an all-round way at present.
Summary of the invention
For existing technologies Problems existing, the object of the invention is the weak point overcome in prior art, provide a kind of method simple, safe and reliable, the high section of efficiency is without the need to the long-wall working face coal pillar-free mining method of reserved coal pillar.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of long-wall working face coal pillar-free mining method, specifically details are as follows:
(1) in coal seam, tunnel face is adopted in two tunnels as head tailentry and work plane air intake lane, tailentry is connected with the end in work plane air intake lane, forms first mining face open-off cut.
(2) according to coal seam top rock stability situation, anchor pole, anchor cable and metal mesh supporting are carried out to tailentry and work plane air intake lane top board.
(3) carry out back production, until stop adopting line, form goaf, first mining face back production terminates.
(4) by the compound beam effect of bolt and cable anchor supporting to immediate roof rock stratum and the support of rib of work plane air intake lane top board, immediate roof rock stratum forms cantilever beam structures, work plane air intake lane top board can not all be caving, along work plane air intake lane rib and goaf between caved gangue, form a hole region, can as the part return air channel of second work plane.
(5) with the return air channel that position, first mining face air intake lane is formed, as the part return airway of the second work plane;
(6) be parallel to part return airway, beyond first mining face fixed bearing pressure or affect comparatively zonule and arrange another tunnel, as the main return airway of work plane, two tunnels form the second work plane return air channel.Wherein part return airway can only return air.Main return airway can as auxiliary fortune, pedestrian etc.
(7) part return airway is parallel to, with the distance driving face air intake lane of part return airway at a distance of a face length.Part return airway, main return airway are connected with work plane air intake heading portion, form the second work plane open-off cut;
(8) carry out back production, until stop adopting line, the second working face extraction terminates.
(9) repeating said steps (4)-(8), cut coal continuously, until this seam mining is complete.
(10) second work planes are made up of two parts, coal seam between main working face extraction work plane air intake lane and main return airway, coal seam between the main return airway of task face back production and part return airway.Face length is primary and secondary face length sum, and primary and secondary work plane shares a coal-winning machine and drag conveyor, felling and transporting of face coal of finishing the work.
(11) face-airing system is: new wind enters work plane by work plane air intake lane; Work plane return air is then divided into two passes, and main work plane return air is discharged by main return airway, and task face return air is discharged by part return airway or entered the main return airway of work plane by return air connection roadway.
(12) main conveying system is: work plane coal transports through work plane air intake lane.
(13) Stady On The Auxiliary Transportation Systems is: the auxiliary fortune of work plane arrives work plane by main return airway.
(14) the Ji Shi goaf, side of part return airway side end hydraulic support, hydraulic support need have gear cash facility, smashes scraper conveyor tail to prevent spoil and enters hydraulic support.
(15) further, in (7), be parallel to part return airway, also can tunnel 2 or more work plane air intake lanes.Be connected with part return airway end by the work plane air intake lane of inside work plane, main return airway, form the second work plane open-off cut.Tunnel wherein in many work plane air intake lanes inside the second work plane forms the part return airway in subsequent work face after this working face extraction, and all the other tunnels are as the main return airway in subsequent work face.
(16) further, in described (11), to Spontaneous combustion coal, get angry for preventing mining face goaf spontaneous combustion of coal seam, between part return airway and main return airway, arrange a return air connection roadway every being no more than spontaneous combustion of coal seam ignition phase advance of the face length, work plane return air enters main return airway by part return airway by return air connection roadway.Return air connection roadway can be constructed with main return airway simultaneously, then carries out temporary airtight, opens successively when working face extraction.
(17) when the work plane construction such as described in (15) has many air intake lanes, for Spontaneous combustion coal, wherein by inside work plane construct between tunnel and the tunnel be adjacent connection roadway time, connection roadway spacing should be less than requirement described in (16).
(18) further, for ensureing effective use of the present invention, in described step (8), for the coal seam having spontaneous combustion, Comprehensive Preventing fire suppression measures must be taked.
Beneficial effect: the present invention compared with prior art, the present invention utilizes the compound beam effect of original bolt and cable anchor supporting of mining face air intake lane top board to immediate roof rock stratum and the support of rib, immediate roof rock stratum forms cantilever beam structures, mining face air intake lane top board can not all be caving, along mining face air intake lane rib and goaf between caved gangue, form a hole region, namely define a return air channel.This return air channel can as the part return airway in subsequent duty face, and then the main return airway of driving face, work plane air intake lane and work plane open-off cut, forms working face mining system with this.Be without coal column between every like this two work planes, the exploitation of section without coal column can be realized.Greatly improve the rate of recovery of coal resources, working section recovery can reach the level of working face extraction rate, significantly reduces the sparking rate of spontaneous progress.Compared with common fully-mechanized mining working, do not increasing on the basis of excavation cost, can coal column between recovery operation face, reduce cost of production.Its method is simple, safe and reliable, effective, has practicality widely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that coal wall sectional coal pillar-free exploitation method head of the present invention adopts face roadway layout floor map;
Fig. 2 is coal wall of the present invention sectional coal pillar-free exploitation method second roadway workface plane of arrangement schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is that coal wall of the present invention sectional coal pillar-free exploitation method meets the tendency floor map in Spontaneous combustion coal;
Fig. 4 is that coal wall of the present invention sectional coal pillar-free exploitation method adopts 2 work plane air intake lane floor map;
In Fig. 2,3,4, first mining face goaf oblique line represents, the former tunnel of first mining face is represented by dashed line at goaf side, and the original roadway position Reference numeral of first mining face still represents with 1,2,3,4.
Detailed description of the invention
The exemplary embodiments embodying feature & benefits of the present invention will describe in detail in the following description, it should be noted that the present invention has various changes in different embodiments, it neither departs from the scope of the present invention, and explanation wherein and accompanying drawing are as illustrative purposes in essence, but not for limiting the present invention.
Of the present inventionly first to form head without pillar mining method and adopt face 1, as shown in Figure 1, the method that formation head adopts face 1 is identical with existing method, first establishes and exploits position first, this position excavates two parallel tunnels 2,3, and two parallel tunnels 2,3 are communicated with by tunnel 4 at afterbody.Tunnel 2 is tailentry, and tunnel 3 is work plane air intake lane, and being communicated with tailentry 2 with the tunnel in work plane air intake lane 3 is open-off cut 4.Each production face must form two tunnels, and tailentry is for transport of materials tunnel, and work plane air intake lane is the tunnel for Coal Transport.In reality exploitation, exploit from open-off cut 4, until adopted the coal between tailentry 2 and work plane air intake lane 3, to work plane stops adopting line 11, then carry out the exploitation of the second work plane.
As shown in Figure 2, after first mining face 1 exploitation terminates, the erecting dense individual props spoil that headed by side, former work plane air intake lane 3, mining face 1 is formed, opposite side is rib, top is the cantilever beam structures that the bolt and cable anchor supporting of former work plane air intake lane 3 top board is formed, such formation one can the passage of return air be part return airway 6, and this return airway only has air return function.Beyond first mining face 1 fixed bearing pressure or impact arrange another tunnel parallel with part return airway 6 compared with zonule, as the main return airway 7 of the second stope 9, between part return airway 6 and main return airway 7, spacing is generally 10 ~ 30 meters, and main return airway 7 is the main return air channel of the second work plane 9 and auxiliary operation people etc.According to the second work plane open-off cut 5 length requirement, parallel portion return airway 6 arranges the work plane air intake lane 8 of the second work plane 9, and the termination in through work plane air intake lane 8, mainly return airway 7 and part return airway 6, forms the open-off cut 5 of the second work plane 9.Second working surface production system is formed thus.Circulate successively, complete the coal mining in whole exploiting field, realize longwell without coal pillar mining.
As shown in Figure 3, for there being Spontaneous combustion coal, get angry for preventing work plane goaf spontaneous combustion of coal seam, between part return airway 6 and main return airway 7, arrange return air connection roadway 10 every being no more than spontaneous combustion of coal seam ignition phase advance of the face length, work plane return air enters main return airway 7 by part return airway 6 by return air connection roadway 10.Return air connection roadway 10 can be constructed with main return airway 7 simultaneously, and then temporary airtight, opens successively when working face extraction.
As shown in Figure 4 (this figure is to tunnel 2 work plane air intake lanes), if the second work plane 9 tunnels 2 work plane air intake lanes.Be respectively work plane air intake lane 8 and 12, be connected with part return airway 6 end by work plane air intake lane 8, main return airway 7, form the second work plane open-off cut 5.Wherein work plane air intake lane 8 forms the 3rd work plane 14 part return airway after the second working face extraction, work plane air intake lane 12 is as the main return airway of the 3rd work plane 14,15 and 16 is the air intake lane of the 3rd work plane 14, be connected with part return airway 8 end by work plane air intake lane 15, main return airway 12, form the 3rd work plane open-off cut 13.For there being Spontaneous combustion coal, connection roadway 10, when tunneling, can be arranged by every being no more than spontaneous combustion of coal seam ignition phase advance of the face length between work plane air intake lane 8 and 12, between 15 and 16 in work plane air intake lane 8 and 12,15 and 16.
The present invention is very different with existing to compare with gob side entry driving without coal pillar mining technology gob side entry retaining, the present invention is the hole region that utilizes mining face air intake lane rib and goaf to be formed between the caved gangue part return airway as subsequent duty face, and then the main return airway of driving face, work plane air intake lane and work plane open-off cut, form working face mining system with this.Be without coal column between every like this two work planes, the exploitation of section without coal column can be realized.
Claims (3)
1. a long-wall working face coal pillar-free mining method, its feature is as follows:
(1) in coal seam, tunnel face is adopted in two tunnels as head tailentry and work plane air intake lane, tailentry is connected with the end in work plane air intake lane, forms first mining face open-off cut.
(2) carry out back production, until stop adopting line, form goaf, first mining face back production terminates.
(3) hole region utilizing first mining face air intake lane rib and goaf to be formed between caved gangue, as the part return airway of second work plane.
(4) be parallel to part return airway, beyond first mining face fixed bearing pressure or affect comparatively zonule and arrange another tunnel, as the main return airway of the second work plane, two tunnels form the second stope return air channel.Wherein part return airway can only return air.Main return airway can as auxiliary fortune, pedestrian etc.
(5) part return airway is parallel to, with the distance driving face air intake lane of part return airway at a distance of a face length.Part return airway, main return airway are connected with work plane air intake heading portion, form the second work plane open-off cut;
(6) carry out back production, until stop adopting line, the second working face extraction terminates.
(7) repeating said steps (3)-(6), cut coal continuously, until this seam mining is complete.
2. long-wall working face coal pillar-free mining method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that also comprising following content in (3), (4): to Spontaneous combustion coal, get angry for preventing mining face goaf spontaneous combustion of coal seam, between part return airway and main return airway, arrange a return air connection roadway every being no more than spontaneous combustion of coal seam ignition phase advance of the face length, work plane return air enters main return airway by part return airway by return air connection roadway.Return air connection roadway can be constructed with main return airway simultaneously, then carries out temporary airtight, opens successively when working face extraction.
3. long-wall working face coal pillar-free mining method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that also comprising following content in (3): the key of long-wall working face coal pillar-free mining method of the present invention is meeting the tendency of part return airway, namely after working face extraction terminates, the hole region between caved gangue along work plane air intake lane rib and goaf that work plane air intake lane relies on former supporting to be formed, can as the part return airway in subsequent work face.When the former supporting of work plane can not meet forming section return airway, work plane air intake lane should adopt supporting measures such as strengthening anchor pole, anchor cable and wire lath.
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| CN106869932A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-06-20 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of layout of actual mining roadway method in three-soft seam goaf |
| CN108729926A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-02 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | A kind of 400m or more overlength face layout forms of pre- pick interdrive |
| WO2019109602A1 (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Short-face coal-pillar-free mining method having zero gangue discharge |
| CN110130892A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-16 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of top-coal caving face recovery end crown coal and the recovery method for reducing pillar size |
| CN110130898A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-08-16 | 北京中矿创新联盟能源环境科学研究院 | Design method for non-pillar, non-roadway and non-roadway tunneling mine |
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| CN106869932B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2019-03-19 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of layout of actual mining roadway method in three-soft seam goaf |
| CN106869932A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-06-20 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of layout of actual mining roadway method in three-soft seam goaf |
| WO2019109602A1 (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Short-face coal-pillar-free mining method having zero gangue discharge |
| CN110469329A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2019-11-19 | 华亭煤业集团有限责任公司 | The recovery method in mine back production latter stage |
| CN108729926A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-02 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | A kind of 400m or more overlength face layout forms of pre- pick interdrive |
| CN110130892A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-16 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of top-coal caving face recovery end crown coal and the recovery method for reducing pillar size |
| CN110454187A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-11-15 | 内蒙古科技大学 | A kind of roadway layout method improving the Coal Resources in Mine recovery ratio that is opened up by adits |
| CN110454187B (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-08-24 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Roadway arrangement method for improving coal resource extraction rate of footrill exploitation mine |
| CN110130898A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-08-16 | 北京中矿创新联盟能源环境科学研究院 | Design method for non-pillar, non-roadway and non-roadway tunneling mine |
| CN110130899A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-08-16 | 北京中矿创新联盟能源环境科学研究院 | Coal mining method without coal pillar, roadway and tunneling in whole mining area |
| CN110130898B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-17 | 北京中矿创新联盟能源环境科学研究院 | Design method for non-pillar, non-roadway and non-roadway tunneling mine |
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| AU2019456486B2 (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2022-06-30 | Beijing Zhongkuang Innovation Alliance Energy Environment Science Academy | Method for coal mining without reserving coal pillar and tunneling roadway in whole mining area |
| CN110714761A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-21 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for re-mining residual coal body in thick coal seam caving coal goaf |
| CN110748344A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Secondary re-mining method for thick coal seam top coal caving goaf |
| CN110748344B (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2023-03-10 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Secondary re-mining method for thick coal seam top coal caving goaf |
| CN110714761B (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2023-02-21 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for re-mining residual coal body in thick coal seam caving coal goaf |
| CN110886611A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-17 | 河南力行科创矿山技术开发有限公司 | Gob-side entry driving process for high-gas large-mining-height working face |
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| CN111119903A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-05-08 | 西安中铁工程装备有限公司 | Method for gob-side entry driving of coal mine |
| CN111828015B (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2022-09-13 | 山东中大机械股份有限公司 | Roadway construction method |
| CN111828015A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-10-27 | 天津爱纷销科技有限公司 | Roadway construction method |
| CN112459782A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-09 | 陈卫军 | Coal mine rock burst treatment method based on F-shaped fully mechanized mining face and with small coal pillars |
| CN112647906B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-12-21 | 华能煤炭技术研究有限公司 | Method for extracting gas from ground of multi-goaf without coal pillar |
| CN112647906A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-13 | 华能煤炭技术研究有限公司 | Method for extracting gas from ground of multi-goaf without coal pillar |
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