CN109315667A - 用于肝炎的食疗营养素固体饮料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
用于肝炎的食疗营养素固体饮料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
一种用于肝炎的食疗营养素固体饮料及其制备方法。固体饮料有效成分为蒲公英1.2～1.7重量份、葛根0.9～1.4重量份、枳椇子0.9～1.4重量份，佛手0.6～1.1重量份和鸡内金0.3～0.8重量份。制作方法：取葛根、枳倶子和鸡内金，按重量比例混合，打成粗粉，加入葛根、枳倶子和鸡内金总重量8倍的水，煎煮，提取两次，每次提取待沸腾后保持30分钟，合并滤液，低温浓缩至稠膏，减压干燥，得干膏，打粉，得提取物粉末1；取蒲公英和佛手，按重量比例混合，加70％乙醇，低温萃取6小时，50倍量乙醇渗漉，渗漉液减压回收乙醇至无醇味，持续减压干燥，得干膏，打粉，得提取物粉末2。将上述提取物粉末1及提取物粉末2按照1：1重量比，混匀，过筛，与一定量糊精混匀，装袋得成品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于肝炎的食疗营养素固体饮料及其制备方法，属于食疗营养素固体饮料及其制备方法技术领域。
背景技术
现有的食疗产品主要采用药食兼备的原材料，针对某些疾病参与治疗，该食疗产品针对的是疾病本身，所以配方庞杂，加工工艺繁琐。其食疗产品的有效性有待进一步论证。对于维生素及微量元素营养组分，选取食品级别优质原料。对于发挥核心调节功能的中药组分，采用多种工艺，旨在最大程度保证药物疗效。在中药组分提取过程中，根据每种药味的不同性质，采用不同的提取方法。对于质地坚硬，有效成分稳定、难以提取的中药材，采用高温煎煮方法进行提取；对于质地轻、受热成分易变化的中药材，采用低温萃取渗漉方法，最大程度的保留了中药的活性药效组分。发挥疗效，该技术的复合应用，根据原物料之特性与产品需求进行组合调整，具有高效率、环保、安全与确保有效成分活性等优点，适用范围广泛。在低温萃取中，操作温度低于60℃，可确保天然物中有效成分的活性，并快速高效去除溶剂，以经济、高效的方式进行萃取分离，可充分保留其热不稳定有效成分与药材固有的芳香气味。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决上述现有技术存在的问题，进而提供一种用于肝炎的食疗营养素固体饮料及其制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种用于肝炎的食疗营养素固体饮料，其有效成分为蒲公英1.2～1.7重量份、葛根0.9～1.4重量份、枳椇子0.9～1.4重量份，佛手0.6～1.1重量份和鸡内金0.3～0.8重量份。
制作方法：取葛根、枳倶子和鸡内金三味中药，按重量比例混合，打成粗粉，过10目筛，加入葛根、枳倶子和鸡内金总重量8倍的水，煎煮，提取两次，每次提取待沸腾后保持30分钟，合并滤液，低温浓缩至稠膏，减压干燥，得干膏，打粉，得提取物粉末1；取蒲公英和佛手两味中药，按重量比例混合，加70％乙醇，低温萃取6小时，50倍量乙醇渗漉，以保证蒲公英及佛手中挥发性成分及大极性成分均能完全提取，渗漉液减压回收乙醇至无醇味，减压回收，持续减压干燥，得干膏，打粉，得提取物粉末2。将上述提取物粉末1及提取物粉末2按照1：1重量比，混匀，过筛，与一定量糊精(辅料)混匀，装袋(每袋5g)得成品。
中医认为，肝炎的发生，多与外邪侵蚀或酒肉劳伤有关，导致湿邪郁滞，肝气不舒，郁久化热，治疗当以清热利湿，疏肝利胆，兼以健脾和胃为法。本发明中，蒲公英清解解毒，消肿散结；葛根与枳椇子，两者均能除胃热，解酒毒，生津止渴，佛手疏肝理气，和胃止痛，三者不仅可以疏肝利胆，还可以加强清热解毒利湿之功；《金匮要略》云：“见肝之病，知肝传脾，当先实脾”，肝病及脾，当先固护脾胃，配以鸡内金，消食和胃。全方肝脾同调，疏肝利胆，清热利湿，兼以解毒，对于肝病人群出现湿热内蕴，肝气郁结，脾胃不和者尤其适宜。
蒲公英：性味苦甘寒，归肝、胃、肾经，具有清热解毒、消肿散结、清肝利胆，解毒退黄等功效。因其含有丰富的蛋黄素，具有保肝、护肝的功效和预防肝硬化，增强肝胆功能的作用。有动物试验研究表明使用蒲公英煎剂灌胃或蒲公英注射液注射对四氯化碳引起的谷丙转氨酶升高有明显的抑制作用；能显著缓解四氯化碳性肝损伤引起的组织学改变，减轻肝小叶坏死和肝细胞变性，对乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBS～Ag)也有抑制作用。有研究表明蒲公英对大鼠急性肝损伤有保护作用。蒲公英可拮抗内毒素所致的肝细胞溶酶体和线粒体的损伤，解除抗菌素作用后所释放的内毒素导致的毒性作用，故可保肝。蒲公英的活性成分T～1在实验室中确认有抗丙型肝炎病毒的作用。有报告表明，临床上对丙型肝炎疾病有效。蒲公英活性成分T～1可能会通过激活肝功能，抑制病毒增殖遗传因子而达到治疗病毒性肝炎的效果。
葛根：具有发散、行气、行血的作用，正好针对酒毒的湿热蕴结于中焦，入脾胃经，养护调理脾胃，加速酒精代谢，从而达到保护肝脏的目的。葛根中的主要活性物质是异黄酮类物质，主要包括大豆苷元，大豆苷，葛根素，大豆素等，异黄酮能够抑制酒精诱导的小鼠血糖升高，降低酒精引起的尿氮浓度的升高。还有强烈的消除活性氧的作用，减轻酒精对肝脏的脂质过氧化作用。其葛根素药理实验研究表明，具有抗酒精中枢抑制作用，保护心肌，抗氧化作用及抗缺血再灌注损伤作用等。
枳椇子：具有清热利尿、解酒毒之功效。主治酒毒、烦热、口渴等症。现代研究表明，枳椇子可加快乙醇的代谢，提高血中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活力，降低乙醇所致的ALT、AST、MDA升高等作用。实验研究表明枳椇子对SD大鼠酒精性脂肪肝有预防作用，在组织学上可明显改善肝细胞的脂肪变性及炎症坏死。其机制可能是通过抗炎、抗氧化及逆转早期肝纤维化而发挥作用。另一方面也提示，早期、长期用药可能对其发挥效用更有帮助。有报道称枳椇子可显著降低给乙醇后3、6小时血中乙醇的浓度，减少乙醛的产生及对肝细胞的损害，从而达到防治酒精性肝炎的作用。
佛手：具有舒肝解郁，理气和中的作用，多用于治疗肝郁脾虚证，慢性活动性肝炎，慢性迁延性肝炎等病症。
鸡内金：具有抗肝损伤、恢复肝功能的作用。有临床观察研究表明湿热毒邪内侵是发生肝炎的基本原因，湿热邪毒壅滞于肝则肝失疏滞，留阻脾则脾失建立，累及肝胆，使肝的阴阳气血衰退失调。综合其发病机理：正气不足，毒邪内侵，气郁不畅，瘀血内阻，四者共同决定肝病的发生和发展及转归。
食用方法：将一袋本发明的固体饮料投入到200～350ml温水中溶解饮用。也可放入粥、汤等食物中食用。每天两次，每次一袋。
食疗观察：选有肝炎症者30人(转氨酶在65～230之间)，其中男16人，女14人，平均年龄46.9岁。食用1个月后，有27人转氨酶正常，其余3人没有改变。说明本发明的用于肝炎的食疗营养素固体饮料，对大部分肝炎症人群有一定的效果。
本产品连续服用四周，可显著改善肝炎患者的营养学相关指标，包括升高白蛋白、转铁蛋白、肌酐指数、氮平衡等。在连续服用8周后，对于人体测量参数，包括体质量指数、三头肌皮褶厚度、上臂肌围、握力、人体成分均可有显著改善。在连续服用16周后，对于肝炎或者的血脂状况以及谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶也会出现相应改善。本产品还可明显改善患者的主观评价指标，缓解患者由于肝炎所致纳呆或呕恶症状、右胁肝区及腰膝疼痛症状。同时，对于腹胀及便溏等胃肠道功能、疲倦程度、睡眠状况也会出现相应改善。
本发明的固体饮料不同于保健食品及同类食疗产品，本发明的固体饮料食用后不是直接针对疾病，而主要是对由疾病引起的相关症状群体起到补充缺失营养成分的作用，起到辅助治疗的目的。方法中采用水提结合低温萃取醇提工艺，保证有效成分溶出，且活性不被破坏。采用粉末形式，体积小、易服用，便于携带。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明做进一步的详细说明：本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述实施例。
实施例1
本实施例所涉及的一种用于肝炎的食疗营养素固体饮料，其有效成分为蒲公英1.2～1.7重量份、葛根0.9～1.4重量份、枳椇子0.9～1.4重量份，佛手0.6～1.1重量份和鸡内金0.3～0.8重量份。
制作方法：取葛根、枳倶子和鸡内金三味中药，按重量比例混合，打成粗粉，过10目筛，加入葛根、枳倶子和鸡内金总重量8倍的水，煎煮，提取两次，每次提取待沸腾后保持30分钟，合并滤液，低温浓缩至稠膏，减压干燥，得干膏，打粉，得提取物粉末1；取蒲公英和佛手两味中药，按重量比例混合，加70％乙醇，低温萃取6小时，50倍量乙醇渗漉，以保证蒲公英及佛手中挥发性成分及大极性成分均能完全提取，渗漉液减压回收乙醇至无醇味，减压回收，持续减压干燥，得干膏，打粉，得提取物粉末2。将上述提取物粉末1及提取物粉末2按照1：1重量比，混匀，过筛，与一定量糊精(辅料)混匀，装袋(每袋5g)得成品。
糊精占提取物粉末1和提取物粉末2总重量的10～35％。
实施例2
本实施例所涉及的一种用于肝炎的食疗营养素固体饮料，其有效成分为蒲公英1.5重量份、葛根1.2重量份、枳椇子1.1重量份，佛手0.9重量份和鸡内金0.5重量份。其它与实施例1相同。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，这些具体实施方式都是基于本发明整体构思下的不同实现方式，而且本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于肝炎的食疗营养素固体饮料，其特征在于，有效成分为蒲公英1.2～1.7重量份、葛根0.9～1.4重量份、枳椇子0.9～1.4重量份，佛手0.6～1.1重量份和鸡内金0.3～0.8重量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于肝炎的食疗营养素固体饮料，其特征在于，其有效成分为蒲公英1.5重量份、葛根1.2重量份、枳椇子1.1重量份，佛手0.9重量份和鸡内金0.5重量份。
3.一种权利要求1所述的用于肝炎的食疗营养素固体饮料的制备方法，其特征在于，取葛根、枳倶子和鸡内金三味中药，按重量比例混合，打成粗粉，过10目筛，加入葛根、枳倶子和鸡内金总重量8倍的水，煎煮，提取两次，每次提取待沸腾后保持30分钟，合并滤液，低温浓缩至稠膏，减压干燥，得干膏，打粉，得提取物粉末1；取蒲公英和佛手两味中药，按重量比例混合，加70％乙醇，低温萃取6小时，50倍量乙醇渗漉，以保证蒲公英及佛手中挥发性成分及大极性成分均能完全提取，渗漉液减压回收乙醇至无醇味，减压回收，持续减压干燥，得干膏，打粉，得提取物粉末2，将上述提取物粉末1及提取物粉末2按照1：1重量比，混匀，过筛，与一定量糊精混匀，装袋得成品。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用于肝炎的食疗营养素固体饮料的制备方法，其特征在于，糊精占提取物粉末1和提取物粉末2总重量的10～35％。
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