CN109302851B - Reflective array antenna and communication equipment - Google Patents
Reflective array antenna and communication equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109302851B CN109302851B CN201680085993.4A CN201680085993A CN109302851B CN 109302851 B CN109302851 B CN 109302851B CN 201680085993 A CN201680085993 A CN 201680085993A CN 109302851 B CN109302851 B CN 109302851B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
- H01Q19/195—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface wherein a reflecting surface acts also as a polarisation filter or a polarising device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/2658—Phased-array fed focussing structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays
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- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
A reflective array antenna and communication equipment, the antenna includes feed source array, sub-reflecting surface and main reflecting array; the feed source array can emit electromagnetic waves in a first polarization direction; the auxiliary reflecting surface is used for reflecting the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction emitted by the feed source array and allowing the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction to penetrate; the main reflection array is used for converting the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction reflected by the auxiliary reflection surface into the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction and reflecting the electromagnetic wave out. In the technical scheme, the auxiliary reflecting surface is adopted to reflect the electromagnetic waves in the first polarization direction and pass the electromagnetic waves in the second polarization direction, so that the area of the auxiliary reflecting surface can be larger, the electromagnetic waves of the main reflecting array cannot be blocked, the required beam scanning range can be met in a relatively low cost mode, and the requirements of application on a directional diagram can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a reflective array antenna and a communications device.
Background
The beam-tunable antenna has attracted wide attention in microwave communication, and by utilizing the beam scanning capability of the antenna, on one hand, the time for installing and aligning the microwave antenna can be greatly reduced, and on the other hand, the beam tracking capability can be realized to solve the problem of link interruption caused by shaking of equipment due to strong wind and the like.
In the prior art, a small number of antenna units are used as a feed source of a paraboloid or a lens, the scanning capability of the feed source is utilized to realize the scanning of a final beam, and the high gain is realized. However, in this scheme, the scanning angle is limited because the feed source scan needs to cover the sub-reflecting surface, which is usually small so as not to block the main beam.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a reflective array antenna, and the problem that the scanning angle is limited due to the fact that an auxiliary reflecting surface shields a main reflective array is solved.
The antenna comprises a feed source array, an auxiliary reflecting surface arranged on one side of the feed source array and a main reflecting array arranged on the other side of the feed source array opposite to the auxiliary reflecting surface; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the feed source array can emit electromagnetic waves in a first polarization direction;
the sub-reflecting surface is used for reflecting the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction emitted by the feed source array and allowing the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction to pass through, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other;
the main reflection array is used for converting the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction reflected by the sub reflection surface into the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction and reflecting the electromagnetic wave out.
In the technical scheme, the auxiliary reflecting surface is adopted to reflect the electromagnetic waves in the first polarization direction and pass the electromagnetic waves in the second polarization direction, so that the area of the auxiliary reflecting surface can be larger, the electromagnetic waves of the main reflecting array cannot be blocked, the required beam scanning range can be met in a relatively low cost mode, and the requirements of application on a directional diagram can be met.
In a specific embodiment, the feed array comprises a plurality of feed antenna units and a regulating unit connected with each feed antenna unit.
Wherein the adjusting unit comprises a phase shifting device connected with each feed antenna unit for adjusting phase, and optionally a gain adjusting device connected with each feed antenna unit for adjusting amplitude. The beam direction of the array feed source can be adjusted by adjusting a phase shifting device and/or a gain adjusting device connected with each feed source antenna unit in the array feed source.
In a specific arrangement, the main reflective array includes a plurality of reflective units arranged in an array. Each of the reflective units includes a substrate, and a reflective patch disposed on the substrate. The reflective patch is capable of rotating the polarization direction of an incident electromagnetic wave by 90 degrees. The polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave can be changed through the arranged reflection patch, so that the electromagnetic wave can be transmitted out through the auxiliary reflection surface, and the blocking of the auxiliary reflection surface is avoided.
In a specific setting, the sub-reflecting surface can adopt different setting modes. The detailed description is as follows.
In one embodiment, the sub-reflecting surface includes a substrate, and a single-polarized slot array disposed on the substrate, each slot allowing the electromagnetic waves of the second polarization direction to pass therethrough. The single-polarization gaps are arranged in an array mode, and can reflect the electromagnetic waves in the first polarization direction emitted by the feed source to the main reflection array for reflection.
When specifically setting up the slit, along the direction of arrangement from the center of the sub-reflecting surface to the edge, the phase delay of the slit gradually decreases.
In the above aspect, the sub-reflecting surface has a plate-like structure. Meanwhile, the main reflection array also adopts a plate-shaped structure. Of course, the sub-reflecting surface may have different shapes such as a rectangle, a circle, an ellipse, and the like.
In another specific embodiment, the sub-reflecting surface is a polarization grid with an arc-shaped structure, wherein the polarization direction of the polarization grid is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the signal transmitted by the feed source array, and a surface of the polarization grid facing the feed source array is concave.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which includes any one of the reflective array antennas described above.
In the technical scheme, the auxiliary reflecting surface is adopted to reflect the electromagnetic waves in the first polarization direction and pass the electromagnetic waves in the second polarization direction, so that the area of the auxiliary reflecting surface can be larger, the electromagnetic waves of the main reflecting array cannot be blocked, the required beam scanning range can be met in a relatively low cost mode, and the requirements of application on a directional diagram can be met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sub-reflecting surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a main reflection array provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a main reflection array for changing the polarization direction of an electromagnetic wave according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective array antenna according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a sub-reflecting surface according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, fig. 1 and 5 show two reflective array antennas provided in different embodiments, in which the reflective array antennas provided in the two embodiments each include the following structures: the feed source array 10, the auxiliary reflecting surface 30 and the main reflecting array 20; in the case of a specific setting, it is,
the sub-reflecting surface 30 is provided on one side of the feed array 10, and the main reflecting array 20 is provided on the other side of the feed array 10 opposite to the sub-reflecting surface 30, wherein,
the feed source array 10 can emit electromagnetic waves in a first polarization direction;
the sub-reflecting surface 30 is used for reflecting the electromagnetic wave with the first polarization direction emitted by the feed source array 10, and allowing the electromagnetic wave with the second polarization direction to pass through, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other;
the main reflection array 20 is used for converting the electromagnetic wave with the first polarization direction reflected by the sub reflection surface 30 into the electromagnetic wave with the second polarization direction, and reflecting the electromagnetic wave out.
The feed array 10 includes feed antenna units 11 arranged in an array, and a regulating unit connected to each feed antenna unit 11. Each feed antenna element 11 may be an independent antenna element 11, or may be a sub-array antenna, and the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction may be emitted through the feed antenna element 11. The feed antenna unit 11 and the adjusting unit comprise a phase shifting device connected with each feed antenna unit 11 for adjusting phase, and optionally a gain adjusting device connected with each feed antenna unit 11 for adjusting amplitude. The beam direction of the array feed source can be adjusted by adjusting a phase shifting device and/or a gain adjusting device connected with each feed source antenna unit in the array feed source.
After the electromagnetic wave of the first polarization direction is emitted by the feed source array 10, the electromagnetic wave propagates to the sub-reflecting surface 30, and since the sub-reflecting surface 30 has a function of reflecting the electromagnetic wave of the first polarization direction and allowing the electromagnetic wave of the second polarization direction to pass through, the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source array 10 to the sub-reflecting surface 30 is reflected to the main reflecting array 20 and reflected again, and at the time of reflection, the main reflecting array 20 can change the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave reflected again by the main reflecting array 20 becomes the electromagnetic wave of the second polarization direction, and the electromagnetic wave of the second polarization direction can pass through the sub-reflecting surface 30. Therefore, when the sub-reflecting surface 30 is arranged, a structure with a larger area can be arranged, so that the sub-reflecting surface 30 can be ensured to reflect the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source array 10 to the main reflecting array 20, and the arranged sub-reflecting surface 30 can not block the emission of the electromagnetic wave of the main reflecting array 20, thereby realizing a beam scanning range which can meet the requirement in a relatively low cost manner, and meeting the requirement of application on a directional diagram.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, fig. 3 shows a structure of one reflection unit of the main reflection array 20 provided in the present embodiment, and fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of reflection of electromagnetic waves by the reflection unit. Referring to fig. 1, the main reflective array 20 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of reflective units arranged in an array. In a specific arrangement, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of reflection units are arranged in a rectangular array; when the reflection unit includes the substrate 21 and the reflection patches 22 as shown in fig. 3, the reflection patches 22 are provided on the substrate 21, and when the reflection units are provided in an array, the substrates 21 of the plurality of reflection units are integrated. That is, the entire primary reflective array 20 comprises a monolithic substrate 21 and reflective patches 22 affixed to the substrate 21 and arranged in an array. In the above structure, of the main reflection array 20The function is mainly achieved by the reflective patch 22, that is, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is changed by the reflective patch 22, and the reflective patch 22 is the reflective patch 22 that rotates the polarization direction of the incident electromagnetic wave by 90 degrees. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the feed source array is 45 degrees different from the polarization direction of the reflective patch 22, and by designing the size of the reflective patch 22, when the electromagnetic wave is reflected on the reflective patch 22, the delay of the component parallel to the polarization direction of the reflective patch 22 is 180 degrees different from the delay of the component perpendicular to the polarization direction of the reflective patch 22, so that when the electromagnetic wave irradiates the main reflective array 20, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is changed from the first polarization directionIs converted into the second polarization directionThe polarization direction of the incident electromagnetic wave is rotated by 90 degrees. So that the reflected signal can be transmitted through the secondary reflective array.
In a specific arrangement, the sub-reflecting surface 30 may be arranged in different ways. The detailed description is as follows.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 shows a structure of the reflective array antenna, and fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the sub-reflecting surface 30. As can be seen from fig. 1, in the reflective array antenna provided in this embodiment, the central points of the sub-reflective surface 30, the main reflective array 20, and the feed array 10 are located on the same straight line, and the three are arranged in parallel.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the sub-reflecting surface 30 is a plate-shaped structure 31, specifically, different shapes such as a rectangle, a circle, an ellipse, etc., a plurality of single-polarized slots 312 are arranged in an array on the plate-shaped structure 31, and a polarization direction of the single-polarized slots is perpendicular to a polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the feed source array 10, specifically, the sub-reflecting surface 30 includes a substrate 311, the substrate 311 is rectangular, and a plurality of single-polarized slots 312 are arranged in an array on the substrate 311, taking a placement direction of the antenna shown in fig. 1 as a reference direction, in the present embodiment, a length direction of the slots 312 is a vertical direction, and each slot 312 allows the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction to pass through. That is, the polarization direction of the slot 312 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the signal (the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source array 10), so that the signal emitted by the feed source is reflected on the sub-reflective array (but the signal with the same polarization direction as the slot 312 can penetrate the sub-reflective array); the array is a non-uniform array, different delays of signals on each unit are realized by designing different shapes of the gaps 312 so as to control phases, so that reflected signals in the scanning process of a feed source wave beam (feed source array 10) can always fall in the range of a main reflection array, namely, electromagnetic waves in a first polarization direction emitted by a feed source can be reflected to the main reflection array 20 for reflection.
Specifically, there are many ways to design different shapes of the slot 312 to achieve different delays of the signal on each unit, and the width, shape, etc. of the slot are used, which is not limited herein. In the placement mode of the present embodiment, the phase delay of the slit gradually decreases in the arrangement direction from the center to the edge of the sub-reflecting surface. The phase delay of the slit near the center of the sub-reflecting surface is larger, the phase delay of the slit near the edge is smaller, and the phase delay of the slit from the center to the edge is gradually reduced. The purpose of the design is to compensate the propagation path difference between the position of the sub-reflecting surface unit and the main reflecting surface through the phase delay difference, so that the signals reflected by the gaps on the sub-reflecting surface can just fall in the range of the main reflecting array after space synthesis, and the energy cannot be wasted.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, fig. 5 is a reflective array antenna according to another embodiment of the present application, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a sub-reflecting surface 30 according to the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 5, the center points of the feed source array 10, the main reflection array 20, and the sub-reflection surface 30 provided in this embodiment are located on the same straight line, and the three are arranged in parallel, in this embodiment, since the sub-reflection surface 30 has an arc structure, the parallel of the sub-reflection surface 30 and the main reflection array 20 means that the plane where the edge of one surface of the sub-reflection surface 30 facing the main reflection array 20 is located is parallel to the main reflection array 20.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6 together, as can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, the sub-reflecting surface 30 provided in this embodiment is a polarization grid 321, the placement direction of the antenna shown in fig. 5 is taken as a reference direction, the length direction of the polarization grid 321 is taken as a vertical direction, and the polarization direction of the polarization grid 321 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the signal transmitted by the feed source array 10. Therefore, the signal emitted from the feed source is reflected on the secondary reflective array (but the signal with the same polarization direction as the slit 312 can penetrate the secondary reflective array); the sub-reflecting surface 30 is an inwardly concave arc plate 32, and one surface of the arc plate 32 facing the feed source array 10 is inwardly concave. In a specific embodiment, the sub-reflecting surface 30 is in a parabolic shape, and the design is to compensate a propagation path difference between each reflecting point position of the sub-reflecting surface and the main reflecting surface through a cambered surface structure, so that signals reflected by the slits on the sub-reflecting surface can be exactly within the range of the main reflecting array after being spatially synthesized, and thus, after a feed beam (electromagnetic waves emitted by the feed array 10) is reflected by the polarization grid 321, the signals can cover the main reflecting array 20.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which includes any one of the reflective array antennas described above.
In the above-mentioned embodiment, the antenna composed of the feed array 10, the main reflection array 20, and the sub-reflection surface 30 is adopted, and after the feed array 10 emits the electromagnetic wave of the first polarization direction, the electromagnetic wave propagates to the sub-reflection surface 30, since the sub-reflection surface 30 has a function of reflecting the electromagnetic wave of the first polarization direction and allowing the electromagnetic wave of the second polarization direction to pass through, the electromagnetic wave emitted from the feed array 10 to the sub-reflection surface 30 is reflected to the main reflection array 20 and reflected again, and at the time of reflection, the main reflection array 20 can change the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave reflected again by the main reflection array 20 becomes the electromagnetic wave of the second polarization direction, and the electromagnetic wave of the second polarization direction can pass through the sub-reflection surface 30. Therefore, when the sub-reflecting surface 30 is arranged, a structure with a larger area can be arranged, so that the sub-reflecting surface 30 can be ensured to reflect the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source array 10 to the main reflecting array 20, and the arranged sub-reflecting surface 30 can not block the emission of the electromagnetic wave of the main reflecting array 20, thereby realizing a beam scanning range which can meet the requirement in a relatively low cost manner, and meeting the requirement of application on a directional diagram.
While one embodiment of the present application has been described, additional variations and modifications of those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the embodiments described herein as well as all alterations and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the embodiments of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to encompass such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. A reflective array antenna is characterized by comprising a feed source array, an auxiliary reflecting surface arranged on one side of the feed source array, and a main reflecting array arranged on the other side of the feed source array opposite to the auxiliary reflecting surface; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the feed source array is used for transmitting electromagnetic waves in a first polarization direction;
the sub-reflecting surface is used for reflecting the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction emitted by the feed source array and allowing the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction to pass through, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other;
the main reflection array is used for converting the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction reflected by the auxiliary reflection surface into the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction and reflecting the electromagnetic wave out;
the sub-reflecting surface comprises a substrate and a single-polarization gap array arranged on the substrate, and each gap allows the electromagnetic waves in the second polarization direction to penetrate through;
the phase delay of the slits is gradually reduced in the arrangement direction from the center to the edge of the sub-reflecting surface.
2. The reflective array antenna of claim 1, wherein said feed array comprises feed antenna elements arranged in an array, and a tuning element connected to each feed antenna element.
3. The reflectarray antenna of claim 2, wherein the adjustment element comprises a phase shifting device coupled to each of the feed antenna elements, and a gain adjustment device coupled to each of the feed antenna elements.
4. The reflectarray antenna of claim 3, wherein the primary reflectarray comprises a plurality of reflective elements arranged in an array.
5. The reflective array antenna of claim 4, wherein each of the reflection units includes a substrate, and a reflection patch provided on the substrate, the reflection patch being configured to rotate a polarization direction of an incident electromagnetic wave by 90 degrees.
6. The reflective array antenna according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sub-reflective surface has a rectangular plate-like structure.
7. The reflective array antenna of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sub-reflective surface is a polarization grid having an arc structure, wherein a polarization direction of the polarization grid is perpendicular to a polarization direction of a signal transmitted by the feed array, and a surface of the polarization grid facing the feed array is concave.
8. A communication device comprising the reflective array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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PCT/CN2016/108052 WO2018098698A1 (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2016-11-30 | Reflective array antenna and communication device |
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CN109302851A CN109302851A (en) | 2019-02-01 |
CN109302851B true CN109302851B (en) | 2020-12-04 |
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EP (1) | EP3531508B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6778820B2 (en) |
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WO2020030952A1 (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2020-02-13 | Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd | Antenna |
US20220416422A1 (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2022-12-29 | Metawave Corporation | Reflectarray antenna with two-dimensional beam scanning |
CN115051143B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2023-03-28 | 成都华芯天微科技有限公司 | Scanning method based on high-gain planar transmitting array antenna system |
CN113745848B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2024-03-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna, using method and communication base station |
CN113922103A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-01-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna system and beam forming method |
CN112201964B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2024-01-16 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Reflection transmission array antenna and construction method thereof |
CN113113770B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2024-03-19 | 广州智讯通信系统有限公司 | Antenna adopting polarization sensitive molded line-circular polarization converter |
CN114649686B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-02 | 电子科技大学 | High-gain folding type planar reflective array antenna with filtering characteristic |
CN115036683B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2024-02-02 | 西安电子科技大学 | Reflection array antenna based on solar panel unit |
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EP3531508A1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
EP3531508B1 (en) | 2022-01-05 |
EP3531508A4 (en) | 2019-10-23 |
CN109302851A (en) | 2019-02-01 |
WO2018098698A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 |
JP6778820B2 (en) | 2020-11-04 |
JP2019536384A (en) | 2019-12-12 |
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