CN203119099U - Reflective array antenna - Google Patents
Reflective array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN203119099U CN203119099U CN 201220590561 CN201220590561U CN203119099U CN 203119099 U CN203119099 U CN 203119099U CN 201220590561 CN201220590561 CN 201220590561 CN 201220590561 U CN201220590561 U CN 201220590561U CN 203119099 U CN203119099 U CN 203119099U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a reflective array antenna. The reflective array antenna comprises a substrate, an artificial structure layer which is arranged on one side of the substrate and has an electromagnetic response to an electromagnetic wave and a reflecting layer which is arranged on the other side of the substrate and is used to reflect the electromagnetic wave. At least one layer of stress buffer layer is arranged between the substrate and the artificial structure layer and/or between the substrate and the reflecting layer. According to the utility model, the stress buffer layer is arranged between the substrate and the artificial structure layer and/or between the substrate and the reflecting layer. The stress buffer layer can improve changes of surface flatness brought by different thermal expansion coefficients between different materials so that the reflecting layer and/or the artificial structure is located on a flat plane. Generation of a warping situation is reduced. A reject ratio of a product and maintenance cost are reduced too.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the reflectarray antenna field, more particularly, relates to a kind of reflectarray antenna that can solve stress buffer.
Background technology
Reflectarray antenna is used widely in remote-wireless transmission systems such as satellite communication, survey of deep space because of its low section, low cost, easy advantage such as conformal, easy of integration, portable and good concealment.The reflector that reflectarray antenna generally includes dielectric-slab, is arranged at a plurality of cellular constructions on the dielectric-slab and is arranged at the dielectric-slab opposite side.In the existing reflectarray antenna, reflector or a plurality of cellular construction are by covering the etched mode of copper and be attached to the dielectric-slab both sides or the mode by hot pressing being attached to the dielectric-slab both sides.Adopt the reflectarray antenna that aforesaid way prepares can there are the following problems when using: all can produce the effect of expanding with heat and contract with cold under the dielectric-slab of reflectarray antenna and the temperature contrast condition of reflector in day and night temperature and different regions, and because the shrinkage thickness different and cellular construction and reflector of dielectric-slab and reflecting surface is all thinner, so expanding with heat and contract with cold of dielectric-slab and reflecting surface makes thinner cellular construction and/or reflector that warpage take place.The cellular construction of warpage and/or reflector can influence reflectarray antenna to electromagnetic response, also can increase maintenance cost simultaneously.
The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is, occurs the defective of warpage easily at reflectarray antenna in the prior art, and a kind of reflectarray antenna that can improve warpage issues is provided.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present utility model solves by the following technical programs: a kind of reflectarray antenna is provided, comprise substrate, be arranged at the reflector that is used for reflection electromagnetic wave that electromagnetic wave is had the man-made structures layer of electromagnetic response and is arranged at the substrate opposite side of substrate one side, it is characterized in that, be provided with at least one ply stress resilient coating between described substrate and the man-made structures layer and/or between described substrate and the reflector.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, the hot strength of described stress-buffer layer is less than the hot strength of described substrate, and the elongation at break of described stress-buffer layer is greater than the elongation at break in described man-made structures layer and reflector.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described stress-buffer layer is by thermoplastic resin material or its material modified making.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described thermoplastic resin material is polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyether-ether-ketone, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyimides, polyester, Teflon or thermoplastic silicone.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described stress-buffer layer is thermoplastic elastomer (TPE).
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) comprises rubber, thermoplastic polyurethane, styrene analog thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefins thermoplastic elastomer, based on the polyolefinic thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) of Halogen, polyether ester analog thermoplastic elastomer, polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), from aggressiveness type thermoplastic elastomer (TPE).
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described stress-buffer layer is made of PUR.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described PUR is natural PUR or synthetic PUR.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described synthetic PUR is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamides ammonium class, polyesters or polyurethanes.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described stress-buffer layer is made of pressure sensitive adhesive.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, be provided with stress-buffer layer between described substrate and the man-made structures layer, described substrate and reflector fit tightly; Or described substrate and man-made structures layer fit tightly, and is provided with stress-buffer layer between described substrate and the reflector.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, be provided with stress-buffer layer between described substrate and the man-made structures layer and between described substrate and the reflector.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, the material of the stress-buffer layer that arranges between the stress-buffer layer that arranges between described substrate and the man-made structures layer and described substrate and the reflector is identical.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, the material of the stress-buffer layer that arranges between the stress-buffer layer that arranges between described substrate and the man-made structures layer and described substrate and the reflector is inequality.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described substrate is made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described macromolecular material is that thermoplastic resin or its are material modified.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described thermoplastic resin material is polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyether-ether-ketone, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyimides, polyester, Teflon or thermoplastic silicone.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described substrate is made by polystyrene, and described stress-buffer layer is made by thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), PUR or pressure sensitive adhesive.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described man-made structures layer has at least one man-made structures unit, and described man-made structures unit is the structure with geometrical pattern that electric conducting material constitutes.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described electric conducting material is metal or non-metallic conducting material.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described metal is gold, silver, copper, billon, silver alloy, copper alloy, kirsite or aluminium alloy; Described non-metallic conducting material is electrically conductive graphite, indium tin oxide or Al-Doped ZnO.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described reflector is the metal level with anti-warpage pattern, and described anti-warpage pattern can suppress the described relatively feature board generation in described reflector warpage.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described reflector is the metal level with the anti-warpage pattern of finedraw groove shape.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described reflector is the metal level with poroid anti-warpage pattern.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described poroid anti-warpage pattern comprises that circular hole prevents warpage pattern, oval poroid anti-warpage pattern, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of polygon, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of triangle.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described reflector is the metal grill reflector with the anti-warpage pattern of wire netting trellis.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described metal grill reflector is made of the sheet metal of multi-disc space.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, the single metal sheet be shaped as triangle or polygon.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described single metal sheet be shaped as square.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described multi-disc sheet metal interval each other is less than 1/20th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, the serve as reasons network structure with a plurality of mesh of the crisscross formation of many metal line of described metal grill reflector.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, single mesh be shaped as triangle or polygon.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described single mesh be shaped as square or regular hexagon.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, the length of side of described single mesh is less than 1/2nd of the incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, the live width of described many metal line is more than or equal to 0.01mm.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described metal level is that gold, silver, copper, aluminium, billon, silver alloy, copper alloy, kirsite or aluminium alloy are made.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described reflector is the metal level with the characteristic of conducting.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described reflector is to have the non-metal level that conducts characteristic.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described reflectarray antenna also comprises for the protective layer that covers described man-made structures layer.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described reflectarray antenna works in the Ku wave band, and described substrate thickness is 0.5-4mm.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described reflectarray antenna works in X-band, and described substrate thickness is 0.7-6.5mm.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described reflectarray antenna works in C-band, and described substrate thickness is 1-12mm.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described reflectarray antenna is transmitting antenna, reception antenna or transceiver antenna.
In reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, described reflectarray antenna is satellite television receiving antenna, satellite communication antena, microwave antenna or radar antenna.
The technical solution of the utility model, has following beneficial effect: by between substrate and the man-made structures layer and/or between described substrate and the reflector stress-buffer layer being set, this stress-buffer layer can improve the different and variation of the surface smoothness that brings of thermal coefficient of expansion between the different materials, make reflector and/or man-made structures be on the more smooth plane, thereby reduced the generation of warpage situation, reduced product fraction defective and maintenance cost.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is described in further detail, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the utility model reflectarray antenna one preferred embodiments;
Fig. 2 is the front elevational schematic for being the substrate that constitutes of orthohexagonal base board unit by a plurality of cross section figures;
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of reflectarray antenna shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of reflector one preferred embodiments;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the phase-shifting unit that constitutes of alabastrine man-made structures unit, plane;
Fig. 6 is a kind of derived structure of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 7 is a kind of distressed structure of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 8 is the phase I of the alabastrine man-made structures cell geometry growth in plane;
Fig. 9 is the second stage of the alabastrine man-made structures cell geometry growth in plane.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the phase-shifting unit that constitutes of the man-made structures unit of the another kind of structure of the utility model;
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the phase-shifting unit that constitutes of the man-made structures unit of the another kind of structure of the utility model;
Figure 12 is that the amount of phase shift of the phase-shifting unit that constitutes of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 5 is with the change curve of structure growth parameter S;
Figure 13 is the growth pattern schematic diagram of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 10;
Figure 14 is that the amount of phase shift of the phase-shifting unit that constitutes of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 10 is with the change curve of structure growth parameter S;
Figure 15 is the growth pattern schematic diagram of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 11;
Figure 16 is that the amount of phase shift of the phase-shifting unit that constitutes of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 11 is with the change curve of structure growth parameter S;
Figure 17 a is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of triangle metal sheet;
Figure 17 b is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of square-shaped metal sheet;
Figure 17 c is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of circular metal sheet;
Figure 17 d is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of circular metal ring-type;
Figure 17 e is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of square metal ring-type;
Figure 18 is elementary feed directional diagram;
Figure 19 is the narrow beam directional diagram of broad beam directional diagram after the modulation of the utility model reflectarray antenna;
Figure 20 is the directional diagram that changes the electromagnetic wave main beam pointing through reflectarray antenna of the present utility model;
Figure 21 is the structural representation in the metal grill reflector of network;
Figure 22 is the structural representation that the utlity model has the reflectarray antenna of multilayer feature board modulated electromagnetic wave antenna pattern;
Figure 23 is a kind of structural representation of phase-shifting unit of form;
Figure 24 is the cutaway view of the reflectarray antenna of the another kind of structure of the utility model;
Figure 25, the 26th has the reflector schematic diagram that finedraw groove shape is prevented the warpage pattern;
Figure 27-the 30th has the schematic diagram of the metal level of poroid anti-warpage pattern;
Figure 31-the 32nd, the reflector of reflectarray antenna is the S11 parameter schematic diagram in the metal grill reflector that constitutes of sheet metal shown in Figure 4;
Figure 33-the 34th, the reflector of reflectarray antenna is the S11 parameter schematic diagram in the metal grill reflector with a plurality of square mesh shown in Figure 21;
Figure 35 is a kind of schematic diagram with reflector of sheet metal inequality;
Figure 36-the 37th, the S parameter schematic diagram in the reflector that the employing of reflectarray antenna is shown in Figure 35;
Figure 38 is that the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit of the another kind of structure that constitutes of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 5 is with the change curve of structure growth parameter S.
Embodiment
Reflectarray antenna comprises substrate, be arranged at the reflector that is used for reflection electromagnetic wave that electromagnetic wave is had the man-made structures layer of electromagnetic response and is arranged at the substrate opposite side of substrate one side, is provided with at least one ply stress resilient coating between substrate and the man-made structures layer and/or between substrate and the reflector.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 are respectively perspective view and the cutaway view of the utility model reflectarray antenna one preferred embodiments.As preferred embodiment, reflectarray antenna comprises substrate S, be arranged at the reflector 2 that is used for reflection electromagnetic wave that electromagnetic wave is had the man-made structures layer of electromagnetic response and is arranged at substrate S opposite side of substrate S one side, be provided with at least one ply stress resilient coating YL between substrate S and the man-made structures layer, be provided with at least one ply stress resilient coating YL between substrate and the reflector.Only for signal, showing one deck stress-buffer layer, but be not limited to one deck among the figure, can also be that the multilayer stress-buffer layer is superimposed.Among Fig. 3, for the ease of signal, use the projection of fritter to represent man-made structures unit M, be placed with at least one or a plurality of man-made structures unit M on the man-made structures layer.Between substrate S and the man-made structures layer, between substrate and the reflector stress-buffer layer YL can all be set simultaneously; Also only between substrate S and the man-made structures layer or between substrate and the reflector stress-buffer layer is set, also namely: be provided with stress-buffer layer between substrate and the man-made structures layer, substrate and reflector fit tightly, or substrate and man-made structures layer fit tightly, be provided with stress-buffer layer between substrate and the reflector, the utility model does not limit this.The material of stress-buffer layer YL between stress-buffer layer YL between substrate S and the man-made structures layer and substrate S and the reflector 2 can be the same or different.
In the utility model one preferred embodiment, the hot strength of stress-buffer layer YL is less than the hot strength of substrate S, and the elongation at break of stress-buffer layer YL is greater than the elongation at break in man-made structures layer and reflector 2.Satisfying under the above-mentioned condition, stress-buffer layer can be by thermoplastic resin material or its material modified making.Thermoplastic resin material is polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyether-ether-ketone, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyimides, polyester, Teflon, ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) or thermoplastic silicone.
Preferably, stress-buffer layer can be thermoplastic elastomer (TPE).Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) comprises rubber, thermoplastic polyurethane, styrene analog thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefins thermoplastic elastomer, based on the polyolefinic thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) of Halogen, polyether ester analog thermoplastic elastomer, polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), from aggressiveness type thermoplastic elastomer (TPE).
Preferably, stress-buffer layer is made of PUR.PUR can be natural PUR or synthetic PUR.Synthetic PUR is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is called for short EVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamides ammonium class, polyesters or polyurethanes.
Preferably, stress-buffer layer is made of pressure sensitive adhesive.
In a preferred embodiment, substrate by polystyrene (PS), make, be provided with stress-buffer layer YL between stress-buffer layer YL between substrate S and the man-made structures layer, substrate S and the reflector 2, the material of stress-buffer layer YL is made by thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), PUR or pressure sensitive adhesive.Generally speaking, man-made structures layer and reflector preferred metal materials, for example copper.The elongation at break of copper is 5%.The elongation at break of PS substrate is less than 1%, and hot strength is 40MPa.The elongation at break of the PUR of selecting for use is 100%, and hot strength is 5MP.
If the thermal coefficient of expansion of the substrate of selecting for use and man-made structures layer or reflector select for use the thermal coefficient of expansion of metal to differ too big, just more high for the requirement of stress-buffer layer so, corresponding elongation at break will be more high.
For convenience of description, hereinafter the stress-buffer layer YL integral body between substrate S, man-made structures layer and substrate S and the reflector 2 is called feature board 1.Also stress-buffer layer YL can be set between substrate S and the reflector 2, only between substrate S and man-made structures layer, stress-buffer layer YL be set, as shown in figure 24.Solve the problem of warpage by the design reflectivity layer, hereinafter will describe in detail.Among Figure 24, for the ease of signal, use the projection of fritter to represent man-made structures unit M, be placed with at least one or a plurality of man-made structures unit M on the man-made structures layer.
In the utility model, reflector 2 is for having the metal level of anti-warpage pattern, and described anti-warpage pattern can suppress the described relatively feature board generation in described reflector warpage.For example, reflector 2 is for having the metal level of the anti-warpage pattern of finedraw groove shape; Reflector 2 can also be for having the metal level of poroid anti-warpage pattern.The poroid anti-warpage pattern here includes but not limited to that circular hole prevents warpage pattern, oval poroid anti-warpage pattern, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of polygon, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of regular polygon, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of triangle.
Divide from the angle that whether conducts, reflector 2 of the present utility model can be for having the metal level of the characteristic of conducting, also can be for having the non-metal level that conducts characteristic.Hereinafter provided the example in a plurality of reflector, had the metal level of the anti-warpage pattern of finedraw groove shape, metal level with poroid anti-warpage pattern and be and conduct, therefore, Figure 25-30 is the metal level with the characteristic of conducting.Metal grill reflector shown in Fig. 4 is to have the non-metal level that conducts characteristic, and the metal grill reflector shown in Figure 21 is the metal level with the characteristic of conducting.Conducting here refers to, is communicated with between the metal on the metal level; If metal is not communicated with on the metal level, non-conducting then, as shown in Figure 4.Conducting concept is the known concept of circuit design field, therefore is not described in detail.
2 designs of preferred reflector are that reflector 2 is for having the metal grill reflector of the anti-warpage pattern of wire netting trellis.
By the anti-warpage pattern of design reflectivity layer 2, reduce the metal coverage rate of reflector 2 on feature board, thereby discharged the stress between feature board 1 and the reflector 2, this has also just been avoided the appearance of warping phenomenon.
In the utility model, the metal grill reflector can be made of the sheet metal of multi-disc space, and the length and width value of each sheet metal and the difference of one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 reduce, thereby reduce product stress, avoid the reflector warpage.Yet owing to have the slit between each sheet metal, if produce the graing lobe effect when the wide meeting of the width in slit makes electromagnetic wave by latticed baffle reflection, bring influence for the reflectarray antenna performance, can make the length and width value of each sheet metal and the difference of one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 increase if the width in slit is narrow, be unfavorable for the release of stress.Preferably, described multi-disc sheet metal interval each other less than 20 of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength/
In the utility model, the single metal sheet be shaped as triangle or polygon or irregularly shaped.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, described metal grill reflector WG is made of the sheet metal 4 of multi-disc space, and the single metal plate shape is square.
Be that metal grill reflector WG shown in Figure 4 carries out emulation to the reflector in the reflectarray antenna, the length of side of square-shaped metal sheet is 19mm, and the slot width between the two metal sheets is 0.5mm, and corresponding reflection coefficient S11 analogous diagram is shown in Figure 31-32.In working frequency range 11.7 ~ 12.2GHz scope, when frequency is 11.7GHz, S11=0.0245dB, when frequency is 12.2GHz, S11=0.0245dB.
Figure 35 shows a kind of reflector with sheet metal inequality, and the part of black display is metal, and other blank parts is the groove of offering.As shown in the figure, comprise square-shaped metal sheet and cross sheet metal, be separated with the line of rabbet joint between between the sheet metal.In fact also can think to have the reflector of the anti-warpage pattern of finedraw groove shape, offer the square groove shown in the accompanying drawing 35 at the full wafer metal level, and between the mid point on the adjacent, parallel limit of adjacent square groove, offer straight-line groove, just constituted the reflector design among the figure.
Be that emulation is carried out in the reflector of pattern shown in Figure 35 to the reflector in the reflectarray antenna, the length of side of square-shaped metal sheet is 6.9mm, and the slot width between two adjacent square-shaped metal sheets and the cross sheet metal is 0.2mm; Slot width between the two adjacent cross sheet metals is 0.2mm, and line of rabbet joint length is 1.75mm.Corresponding reflection coefficient S11 analogous diagram is shown in Figure 36-37.In working frequency range 11.7 ~ 12.2GHz scope, when frequency is 11.7GHz, S11=0.0265dB, when frequency is 12.2GHz, S11=0.022669dB.
In another preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 21, the serve as reasons network structure with many mesh of the crisscross formation of many metal line of described metal grill reflector WG, many metal line are divided into longitudinal metal line ZX and transverse metal line HX among the figure, form a plurality of mesh WK between longitudinal metal line ZX and the transverse metal line HX, the shape of single mesh WK can be triangle or polygon.And the shape of all mesh WK can be identical, also can be different.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 21, preferably, the shape of all mesh WK is square, and longitudinal metal line ZX is identical with the live width of transverse metal line HX.The length of side of described single mesh is less than 1/2nd wavelength, and the live width of described many metal line is more than or equal to 0.01mm.Preferably, the length of side of described single mesh be 0.01mm to 1/2nd of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength, the live width of described many metal line is that 0.01mm is to 5 times of the incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
Be that metal grill reflector WG shown in Figure 21 carries out emulation to the reflector in the reflectarray antenna, the length of side of square mesh is 1mm, and the metal wire live width is 0.8mm.Corresponding reflection coefficient S11 analogous diagram is shown in Figure 33-34.In working frequency range 11.7 ~ 12.2GHz scope, when frequency is 11.7GHz, S11=0.01226dB, when frequency is 12.2GHz, S11=0.01308dB.
Above simulation result shows, adopts reflector of the present utility model design, and reflection coefficient S11 almost close to zero, that is to say, electromagnetic wave basically can total reflection, has not only solved the problem of warpage, and electric property and reflecting properties are unaffected.
Be the reflectarray antenna of 450mm for the length of side, the warpage situation at the reflector of covering full copper, Fig. 4, Figure 21, reflector shown in Figure 35 compares below.The warpage rate of covering the reflector correspondence of full copper is 3.2%, and namely the maximum deformation quantity at reflectarray antenna edge is 14.4mm.The warpage rate of square side's sheet correspondence shown in Figure 4 is 2.6%, and namely the maximum deformation quantity at reflectarray antenna edge is 11.7mm.The reflector with certain width line of rabbet joint that sheet metal inequality shown in Figure 35 constitutes, its corresponding warpage rate is 2.4%, namely the maximum deformation quantity at reflectarray antenna edge is 10.8mm.The structure with square mesh that many metal line shown in Figure 21 constitute, corresponding warpage rate is 0.81%, namely the maximum deformation quantity at reflectarray antenna edge is 3.65mm.As can be seen, the metal coverage rate is more big, and corresponding warpage rate is more high, therefore, the pattern of design reflectivity layer reasonably reduces the coverage rate of metal as much as possible under the situation that satisfies antenna electrical performance and reflection demand, warping phenomenon will reduce even eliminate so.
Figure 25,26 shows reflector 2 for having the metal level design of the anti-warpage pattern of finedraw groove shape, and at block of metal thin plate or a plurality of finedraw groove XFC shown in Figure 25-26 of metal coating design, the figure bend partly is metal, and blank position is the finedraw groove.Under the prerequisite that satisfies reflectarray antenna electric property and reflecting properties, also realized the effect of anti-warpage.Certainly can design other form and the anti-warpage pattern of the finedraw groove shape of arranging according to this thought, as long as satisfy the required reflecting properties of antenna and electric property.
By Fig. 1 and 23 as can be known, feature board 1 comprises two or more feature boards unit 10, described reflector 2 comprises the reflector element 20 with feature board unit 10 respective amount, described feature board unit 10, the reflector element 20 corresponding with it, be arranged on that the part YL1 of the corresponding stress-buffer layer between feature board unit 10 and the reflector element 20 is common to constitute a phase-shifting unit 100 that is used for phase shift, as shown in the figure.Be understandable that reflectarray antenna integral body can be spliced by a plurality of independently phase-shifting units 100, also can be constituted by a monoblock feature board 1 and a monoblock reflector 2.
The electromagnetic wave that incides phase-shifting unit 100 passes 10 backs, described feature board unit by described reflector element 20 reflections, outgoing after the electromagnetic wave of reflection passes described feature board unit 10 again, the absolute value of the difference of the phase place the when phase place during outgoing and incident is amount of phase shift.The maximum amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units 100 and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift design the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit 100 to realize the electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram of expection less than 360 degree.
Reflectarray antenna of the present utility model, its feature board can also can be the sandwich construction that is made of a plurality of lamellas for one deck structure shown in Figure 1, can adopt glue bonding between a plurality of lamellas, perhaps adopt mechanical system to connect, connect or the buckle connection as bolt.As shown in figure 22, be a kind of feature board 1 of sandwich construction of form, this feature board 1 comprises three lamellas 11.Certainly Figure 22 just schematically, feature board 1 of the present utility model can also be the double-layer structure that is made of two lamellas or the sandwich construction that is made of the lamella more than four.Among Figure 22, the stress-buffer layer between reflector and the feature board not shown (can determine whether to arrange stress-buffer layer as required).
The amount of phase shift of single phase-shifting unit, can measure acquisition by following method:
With the phase-shifting unit that will test, in the space, carry out periodic arrangement and form enough big combination, enough sizes of the cycle combination that forms that refers to greatly should be far longer than the size that will test phase-shifting unit, and for example the cycle that forms makes up and comprises at least 100 phase-shifting units that will test.
Should make up in the cycle with the incident of plane wave vertical angle, distribute with near-field scan device scan near field electric field phase, according to outgoing PHASE DISTRIBUTION θ, substitution array theory formula:
Can draw the phase-shifting unit amount of phase shift of testing, wherein
The amount of phase shift of the phase-shifting unit of indicating to test, λ represents the wavelength of plane wave, a represents the length of side (be the length of side of the cross section figure of base board unit, θ represents the phase place of outgoing) of phase-shifting unit.
Same quadrat method is measured all phase-shifting units, and the amount of phase shift that can obtain reflectarray antenna distributes.Reflector 2 of the present utility model adhere well to feature board 1 one side surface settings as shown in figures 1 and 3.
The implementation of feature board of the present utility model unit is as follows:
As Figure 23, feature board unit 10 comprises base board unit V, is arranged on the part YL2 for the stress-buffer layer that arranges between the man-made structures unit M that incident electromagnetic wave is produced electromagnetic response and base board unit V and the man-made structures unit M of described base board unit V one side.
Man-made structures unit M can be attached directly to the surface of base board unit V.Certainly, man-made structures unit M also can with the spaced surface setting of base board unit V, for example man-made structures unit M can be supported on the base board unit by bar.
The cross section figure of base board unit V can have various ways.The cross section figure of more typical base board unit can be triangle or polygon, preferably, the cross section figure of base board unit is equilateral triangle, square, rhombus, regular pentagon, regular hexagon or octagon, and it is foursquare base board unit that the cross section figure has been shown among Fig. 1; It is the front elevational schematic of the substrate S that constitutes of regular hexagon base board unit that Fig. 2 shows by a plurality of cross section figures.The cross section figure of base board unit is preferably equilateral triangle, square, rhombus, regular pentagon, regular hexagon or octagon, the length of side of the cross section figure of base board unit is less than 1/2nd of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength, preferably, the length of side of the cross section figure of base board unit is less than 1/4th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength; More preferably, the length of side of the cross section figure of base board unit is less than 1/8th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength; More preferably, the length of side of the cross section figure of base board unit is less than 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
Base board unit can be made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material, macromolecular material can be thermoplastic, and thermoplastic can be selected polystyrene, polypropylene, polyimides, polyethylene, polyether-ether-ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene or epoxy resin.
The man-made structures unit can be the structure with geometrical pattern that electric conducting material constitutes, and electric conducting material can be metal or non-metallic conducting material, and described metal is gold, silver, copper, billon, silver alloy, copper alloy, kirsite or aluminium alloy; Described non-metallic conducting material is electrically conductive graphite, indium tin oxide or Al-Doped ZnO.The processing mode of man-made structures unit can have multiple, can be attached on the base board unit respectively by etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or ion is carved method.
Man-made structures unit M can produce electromagnetic response to incident electromagnetic wave, and electromagnetic response herein can be electric field response, also can be magnetic responsiveness, or existing electric field response has magnetic responsiveness again.
In order to protect the man-made structures unit, in another embodiment of the present utility model, also can be coated with protective layer on the man-made structures unit, protective layer can be PS plastics, PET plastics or HIPS plastics.
Reflectarray antenna of the present utility model can design concrete shape according to the application scenarios of reality, therefore, feature board 1 and reflector 2 can be planely also can make the curved surface shape according to actual needs.
In order to reach the purpose of modulated electromagnetic wave antenna pattern, at first find out the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit correspondence of reflectarray antenna described in the utility model, that is to say the amount of phase shift distribution situation that will obtain or design on the reflectarray antenna.
A kind of method for designing of each phase-shifting unit amount of phase shift is below described, should be understood that, following method is aid illustration, not in order to limit the utility model, in fact, to one skilled in the art, can also realize that the amount of phase shift of expecting distributes by other conventional method for designing by reading the utility model.
A kind of method for designing of each phase-shifting unit amount of phase shift comprises the steps:
S1, the excursion of the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit is set, the vector space Θ of the amount of phase shift of n phase-shifting unit of structure; The electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram corresponding parameters index of expection is set.The parameter index here mainly refers to have influence on the key technical indexes of electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram, and under the different application scenarioss, the technical indicator of concern is different, for example, can be half-power beam width etc.
S2, the vector space Θ of described amount of phase shift is sampled, generate m (the sampling vector space Θ of individual phase-shifting unit of m＜n)
0The sampling here can be the various methods of samplings of using always, for example random sampling, systematic sampling etc.
S3, the described sampling vector space of foundation are calculated the amount of phase shift that remains n-m phase-shifting unit by interpolation method, generate the vector space Θ of the new amount of phase shift of n phase-shifting unit
iInterpolation method can be Gaussian process interpolation method, batten Changzhi method etc.
S4, calculating Θ
iThe corresponding parameters index judges whether the parameters calculated index satisfies preset requirement, if, Θ then
iBe the vector space of the amount of phase shift of satisfying the demand; If not, then generate new sampling vector space by default optimization algorithm, and generate the vector space Θ of new amount of phase shift by interpolation method
I+1, circulation is carried out until satisfying preset requirement.Default optimization algorithm can be simulated annealing, genetic algorithm, TABU search scheduling algorithm.Preset requirement for example can comprise the threshold value of parameter index and the scope of precision.
Can obtain the amount of phase shift distribution situation of each phase-shifting unit that we need by above-mentioned method, determine concrete design in conjunction with the technical scheme type that we will use again according to the distribution situation of amount of phase shift.The modulation of incident electromagnetic wave directional diagram is realized in the feature board unit that employing is made of base board unit and man-made structures unit, so just need find out the shape of the man-made structures unit that can satisfy the amount of phase shift distribution, the corresponding relation of dimension information.
The modulation of incident electromagnetic wave directional diagram is realized in the feature board unit that employing is made of base board unit and man-made structures unit, shape, the physical dimension of the man-made structures unit on each phase-shifting unit of appropriate design, can design the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit on the described reflectarray antenna, thereby realize the electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram of expection.
The working frequency range of given reflectarray antenna, physical size, material and the electromagnetic parameter of base board unit have been determined, and the material of man-made structures unit, thickness and topological structure, utilize simulation software, as CST, MATLAB, COMSOL etc., can obtain the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with the change curve of man-made structures cell geometry growth, can obtain the corresponding relation of continually varying phase-shifting unit and amount of phase shift, namely obtain the maximum amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit and the minimum amount of phase shift of this kind form.
In the present embodiment, the structural design of phase-shifting unit can obtain by Computer Simulation (CST emulation), and is specific as follows:
(1) determines the material of base board unit.The material of base board unit for example is FR-4, F4b or PS etc.
(2) determine shape and the physical size of base board unit.For example, it is foursquare square sheet that base board unit can be the cross section figure, the physical size of base board unit is obtained by the centre frequency of working frequency range, utilize centre frequency to obtain its wavelength, get again less than 1/2nd a numerical value of the wavelength length of side as base board unit cross section figure, for example the length of side of base board unit cross section figure be working frequency range the corresponding electromagnetic wavelength of centre frequency 1/10th.The thickness of base board unit is different according to the working frequency range of reflectarray antenna, when working in the Ku wave band as reflectarray antenna, and the desirable 0.5-4mm of the thickness of base board unit; When reflectarray antenna works in C-band, the desirable 1-12mm of the thickness of base board unit; When reflectarray antenna works in X-band, the desirable 0.7-6.5mm of the thickness of base board unit; For example exist, under the ku wave band, the thickness of base board unit can be taken as 1mm.
(3) determine material, thickness and the topological structure of man-made structures unit.For example, the material of man-made structures unit is copper, the topological structure of man-made structures unit can be alabastrine man-made structures unit, plane shown in Figure 5, described alabastrine man-made structures unit has the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 that vertically divides equally mutually, the described first metal wire J1 is identical with the length of the second metal wire J2, the described first metal wire J1 two ends are connected with two first F1 of metal branch of equal length, the described first metal wire J1 two ends are connected on the mid point of two first F1 of metal branch, the described second metal wire J2 two ends are connected with two second F2 of metal branch of equal length, the described second metal wire J2 two ends are connected on the mid point of two second F2 of metal branch, the equal in length of described first F1 of metal branch and second F2 of metal branch; Topological structure herein refers to the base shape that the man-made structures cell geometry is grown.The thickness of man-made structures unit can be 0.005-1mm.For example be 0.018mm.
(4) determine the geometrical form growth parameter(s) of man-made structures unit, represent with S herein.For example, the geometrical form growth parameter(s) S of alabastrine man-made structures unit, plane as shown in Figure 5 can comprise the live width W of man-made structures unit, the length a of the first metal wire J1, the length b of first F1 of metal branch.
(5) determine the growth restrictive condition of the geometry of man-made structures unit.For example, the growth restrictive condition of the geometry of the man-made structures unit of alabastrine man-made structures unit, plane as shown in Figure 5 has, minimum spacing WL between the man-made structures unit (as shown in Figure 5, the distance on the limit of man-made structures unit and base board unit is WL/2), the live width W of man-made structures unit, and first the minimum spacing between metal branch and the second metal branch, this minimum spacing can and the man-made structures unit between minimum spacing WL be consistent; Because the processing technology restriction, WL is usually more than or equal to 0.1mm, and same, live width W is greater than to equal 0.1mm.During emulation for the first time, WL can get 0.1mm, and W can get certain value (live width that is the man-made structures unit is even), for example 0.14mm or 0.3mm, this moment, the geometrical form growth parameter(s) of man-made structures unit had only two variablees of a, b, made structure growth parameter S=a+b.The geometry of man-made structures unit by as Fig. 8 growth pattern shown in Figure 9 extremely, corresponding to a certain particular centre frequency (for example 11.95GHZ), can obtain a continuous amount of phase shift excursion.
Be example with man-made structures unit shown in Figure 5, particularly, the growth of the geometry of described man-made structures unit comprises two stages (base shape of geometry growth is man-made structures unit shown in Figure 5):
Phase I: according to the growth restrictive condition, under the situation that b value remains unchanged, a value is changed to maximum from minimum value, b=0 at this moment, S=a, the man-made structures unit in this growth course is " ten " font (except when a gets minimum value).The minimum value of a is live width W, and the maximum of a is (BC-WL).Therefore, in the phase I, the growth of the geometry of man-made structures unit is the square JX1 of W from the length of side namely as shown in Figure 8, grows into maximum " ten " font geometry JD1 gradually.
Second stage: according to the growth restrictive condition, when a was increased to maximum, a remained unchanged; At this moment, b is increased continuously maximum from minimum value, this moment, b was not equal to 0, S=a+b, and the man-made structures unit in this growth course is the plane flakes.The minimum value of b is live width W, and the maximum of b is (BC-WL-2W).Therefore, in second stage, the growth of the geometry of man-made structures unit as shown in Figure 9, namely from " ten " font geometry JD1 of maximum, grow into the maximum alabastrine geometry JD2 in plane gradually, the alabastrine geometry JD2 in the plane of maximum herein refers to that the length b of first J1 of metal branch and second J2 of metal branch can not extend again, otherwise the first metal branch and the second metal branch will take place to intersect.
The application said method is made construction unit to following three-type-person and is carried out emulation:
(1) Figure 5 shows that the phase-shifting unit that alabastrine man-made structures unit, plane constitutes, in first kind of structure of this phase-shifting unit, the material of base board unit V is polystyrene (PS), and its dielectric constant is 2.7, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009; The physical size of base board unit V is that thickness 2mm, cross section figure are that the length of side is the square of 2.7mm; The material of man-made structures unit is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; The material of reflector element is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; Herein, the structure growth parameter S is the length b sum of length a and first F1 of metal branch of the first metal wire J1.The growth pattern of phase-shifting unit with man-made structures unit of this structure sees also Fig. 8 to Fig. 9; Its amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with this artificial construction unit with the variation of structure growth parameter S as shown in figure 12.As can be seen from the figure, the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit is the continuous increase continually varying along with the S parameter, and the excursion of the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is probably at the 10-230 degree, and the difference of its maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift is about 220 degree, less than 360 degree.In second kind of structure of this phase-shifting unit, only changing base board unit V cross section figure is that the length of side is the square of 8.2mm, other parameter constant, have this kind structure the man-made structures unit its amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with the variation of structure growth parameter S as shown in figure 38; As can be seen from the figure, the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is the continuous increase continually varying along with the S parameter, the excursion of the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is probably at the 275-525 degree, and the difference of its maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift is about 250 degree, still less than 360 degree.
(2) be the phase-shifting unit of the man-made structures unit formation of another kind of form as shown in figure 10, this man-made structures unit has the first main line Z1 and the second main line Z2 that vertically divides equally mutually, the first main line Z1 is identical with the second main line Z2 geomery, the first main line Z1 two ends are connected with two first identical right angle chine ZJ1, the first main line Z1 two ends are connected the corner of two first right angle chine ZJ1, the second main line Z2 two ends are connected with two second right angle chine ZJ2, the second main line Z2 two ends are connected the corner of two second right angle chine ZJ2, the first right angle chine ZJ1 is identical with the second right angle chine ZJ2 geomery, the first right angle chine ZJ1, two arms of angle of the second right angle chine ZJ2 are parallel to two limits of square substrate unit, the first main line Z1 respectively, the second main line Z2 is the first right angle chine ZJ1, the angular bisector of the second right angle chine ZJ2.In this phase-shifting unit, the material of base board unit V is polystyrene (PS), and its dielectric constant is 2.7, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009; The physical size of base board unit is that thickness 2mm, cross section figure are that the length of side is the square of 2mm; The material of man-made structures unit is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; The material of reflector element is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; Herein, the structure growth parameter S is the length sum of first main line and the first right angle chine.The growth pattern of the man-made structures unit on this phase-shifting unit sees also Figure 13; Its amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with this artificial construction unit with the variation of structure growth parameter S as shown in figure 14.As can be seen from the figure, the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit is the continuous increase continually varying along with the S parameter, and the excursion of the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is probably at the 10-150 degree, and the difference of its maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift is about 140 degree, less than 360 degree.
(3) be the phase-shifting unit of the man-made structures unit formation of another kind of form as shown in figure 11, this man-made structures unit has the first backbone GX1 and the second dried main line GX2 that vertically divides equally mutually, the first backbone GX1 is identical with the geomery of the second dried main line GX2, the first backbone GX1 two ends are connected with two first straight line ZX1 that extend in opposite direction, the second backbone GX2 two ends are connected with two second straight line ZX2 that extend in opposite direction, the first straight line ZX1 is identical with the geomery of the second straight line ZX2, the first straight line ZX1 and the second straight line ZX2 are parallel to two limits of square substrate unit V respectively, the angle of the first straight line ZX1 and the first backbone GX2 is 45 degree, and the angle of the second straight line ZX2 and the second backbone GX2 is 45 degree.In this phase-shifting unit, the material of base board unit V is polystyrene (PS), and its dielectric constant is 2.7, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009; The physical size of base board unit V is that thickness 2mm, cross section figure are that the length of side is the square of 2mm; The material of man-made structures unit is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; The material of reflector element is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm.Herein, the structure growth parameter S is the length sum of first main line and first broken line.The growth pattern of the man-made structures unit on this phase-shifting unit sees also Figure 15; Its amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with this artificial construction unit with the variation of structure growth parameter S as shown in figure 16.As can be seen from the figure, the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit is the continuous increase continually varying along with the S parameter, and the excursion of the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is probably at the 10-130 degree, and the difference of its maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift is about 120 degree, less than 360 degree.
In addition, the alabastrine man-made structures unit further in plane shown in Figure 5 has other distortion.
Fig. 6 is a kind of derived structure of alabastrine man-made structures unit, plane shown in Figure 5.Its two ends at each first F1 of metal branch and each second F2 of metal branch all are connected with identical the 3rd F3 of metal branch, and the mid point of corresponding the 3rd F3 of metal branch links to each other with the end points of first F1 of metal branch and second F2 of metal branch respectively.The rest may be inferred, and the utility model can also derive the man-made structures unit of other form.The base shape of just man-made structures cell geometry growth shown in Figure 6.
Fig. 7 is a kind of distressed structure of alabastrine man-made structures unit, plane shown in Figure 5, the man-made structures unit of this kind structure, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are not straight lines, but folding line, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are provided with two kink WZ, but the first metal wire J1 remains vertical with the second metal wire J2 to be divided equally, by arrange kink towards with the relative position of kink on first metal wire and second metal wire, make man-made structures unit shown in Figure 7 wind to revolve the figure that turn 90 degrees with the axis of the second metal wire intersection point to any direction perpendicular to first metal wire all to overlap with former figure.In addition, other distortion can also be arranged, for example, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 all arrange a plurality of kink WZ.The base shape of just man-made structures cell geometry growth shown in Figure 7.
Except the man-made structures unit of three kinds of above-mentioned topological structures, the utility model can also have the man-made structures unit of other topological structure.Triangle metal sheet shown in Figure 17 a; Square-shaped metal sheet shown in Figure 17 b, the circular metal plate shown in Figure 17 c; Circular metal ring shown in Figure 17 d; Square metal ring shown in Figure 17 e etc.Also can obtain having the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit of above-mentioned man-made structures unit by said method with the change curve of structure growth parameter S.
If the amount of phase shift scope of the phase-shifting unit that obtains by above-mentioned growth has comprised the amount of phase shift scope (can get required maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift simultaneously) of our needs, then satisfy the design needs.Do not satisfy the design needs if above-mentioned growth obtains the amount of phase shift excursion of phase-shifting unit, for example the amount of phase shift maximum is too little or the amount of phase shift minimum value is excessive, then changes WL and W, and emulation again is up to obtaining the amount of phase shift excursion that we need.
Electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram according to expection, distribute by the amount of phase shift that calculates on the antenna, growing method by above-mentioned man-made structures unit obtains corresponding man-made structures cell size and the distributed intelligence of amount of phase shift distribution, can obtain feature board of the present utility model, side at feature board arranges the reflector, namely formed reflectarray antenna of the present utility model, this antenna can be realized the electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram of expecting.
Exemplified three kinds of application of the present utility model below, should be understood that, the utility model is not limited to this three kinds of application.
(1) electromagnetic wave that will have a broad beam directional diagram is modulated into the electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram
In order to reach the purpose of modulated electromagnetic wave antenna pattern, at first find out the amount of phase shift of each the phase-shifting unit correspondence on the utility model reflectarray antenna, that is to say the amount of phase shift distribution situation that will obtain or design on the antenna.
In this example in the elementary feed directional diagram of broad beam its beamwidth be 31.8 degree, target is that this broad beam directional diagram is modulated into the narrow beam directional diagram, and beamwidth control is in 4 degree.Elementary feed directional diagram as shown in figure 18.
In this example, it is foursquare square sheet that phase-shifting unit is designed to the cross section figure, the foursquare length of side is no more than 2.7mm, all phase-shifting units of this reflectarray antenna are arranged according to square grid, 166 * 166=27556 the phase-shifting unit of can arranging on the flat board of one 450mm * 450mm size.Method for designing in conjunction with the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit mentioned above in step S1, arranges the excursion of amount of phase shift, as an adjustable parameter, as target function, then has optimization problem as follows with beamwidth with the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit:
Θ=[θ wherein
1, θ
2..., θ
n] for comprising the vector space of all adjustable parameters, be the vector of the amount of phase shift of n phase-shifting unit in this example,
Be solution space (i.e. the excursion of the amount of phase shift of She Zhiing).In this example, n=27556, adjustable parameter are very huge, and it is a very complicated higher-dimension optimization problem that the amount of phase shift of seeking the narrowest phase-shifting unit that makes electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram optimum of beamwidth so distributes.We can fill method for designing and space interpolation method in conjunction with the space and will optimize dimension and be reduced to about 1000 dimensions from 27556 dimensions, are specially:
Among the step S2, generate the sampling vector space Θ of a m=1000 phase-shifting unit
0=[θ
10, θ
20..., θ
M0];
Among the step S3, according to 1000 phase-shifting units sampling vector space Θ
0, any interpolation methods such as use Gaussian process interpolation, spline interpolation calculate the amount of phase shift of a remaining n-m phase-shifting unit, generate the vector space of the new amount of phase shift of n phase-shifting unit:
Θ
i=[θ
1，θ
2，…，θ
m，θ
m+1，θ
m+2，…，θ
n]；
Among the step S4, utilize Computer Simulation Θ
iTo the beamwidth T (Θ after the assigned direction figure modulation
i), the optimization method (as simulated annealing, genetic algorithm, TABU search etc.) according to default generates a new sampling vector space, makes i=i+1, and carries out the vector space Θ that interpolation generates new amount of phase shift according to new sampling vector space
I+1, circulation is carried out until satisfying preset requirement.
Obtain after the amount of phase shift distribution, growing method by man-made structures unit mentioned above obtains the shape of the man-made structures unit on each phase-shifting unit and the information of arranging again, alabastrine man-made structures unit, the plane growth as shown in Figure 5 of tool ground, employing obtains the phase-shifting unit phase-shift phase excursion of needs.
The antenna that obtains is applied an elementary feed as shown in figure 18, carry out emulation testing, obtain its directional diagram as shown in figure 19.Its beamwidth is 3.16 degree.Realized that broad beam directional diagram electromagnetic wave is to the electromagnetic modulation of narrow beam directional diagram.
(2) electromagnetic wave that will have a narrow beam directional diagram is modulated into the electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram
Can also design the electromagnetic wave that to have the narrow beam directional diagram by said method and be modulated into the electromagnetic reflectarray antenna with broad beam directional diagram, electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram is modulated to electromagnetic situation with broad beam directional diagram and the above-mentioned electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram is modulated to the electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram, is a reversible process in fact.The electromagnetic wave that will have the broad beam directional diagram is modulated to the electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram and can be regarded as emission, and the electromagnetic wave that will have the narrow beam directional diagram is modulated to the electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram and can be regarded as reception.
(3) main beam pointing of change electromagnetic wave directional diagram
Can also design the reflectarray antenna of the main beam pointing that changes the electromagnetic wave directional diagram by said method, in step S1, the excursion of amount of phase shift is set, with the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit as an adjustable parameter, as parameter index, as shown in figure 18, be the antenna pattern of elementary feed with beamwidth and main beam pointing, its main beam pointing is 0 degree, and beamwidth is 3.16 degree.Target is that the direction of main beam is changed into 45 degree, and beamwidth control is in 4 degree.
The antenna that obtains is applied an elementary feed as shown in figure 18, carry out emulation testing, obtain its directional diagram as shown in figure 20.Its main beam pointing is 45 degree, and beamwidth is 3.7 degree.Realized the direction of main beam is changed into 45 degree, beamwidth control is spent with interior target 4.
By changing the main beam pointing of electromagnetic wave directional diagram, can avoid electromagnetic interference., if a large amount of electromagnetic waves directly reflexes in the control room by the deck, will produce serious disturbance to the electronic equipment in control room for example aboard ship, influence navigation safety.At this moment, if be equipped with above-mentioned reflectarray antenna above deck, disturb the electromagnetic wave main beam pointing thereby change, make most of energy of electromagnetism reflex to other places, thereby promoted the ability of the anti-electromagnetic interference of electronic equipment in the control room.
The amount of phase shift of part phase-shifting unit is excessive, thereby causing the amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units of described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift is not all less than 360 degree, but, when the difference of the amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units of described reflectarray antenna and minimum amount of phase shift accounts for 80% when above of all phase-shifting unit quantity less than the quantity of the phase-shifting units of 360 degree, the amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units of itself and described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift have essentially identical effect less than 360 situations about spending.
By the anti-warpage pattern of design reflectivity layer, make the electromagnetic wave that the reflector of reflectarray antenna of the present utility model not only can be in the working frequency range of reflecting antenna place, and have the function of the warpage of preventing.Reduce the whole coverage rate in reflector by the design reflectivity layer, thereby discharged the stress between feature board and the reflector, this has also just been avoided the appearance of warping phenomenon.Antenna normally receives or sends signal, antenna pattern as required, and the amount of phase shift on the designing antenna distributes, and can obtain the antenna of required function.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiment of the present utility model is described above; but the utility model is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; rather than it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present utility model; not breaking away under the scope situation that the utility model aim and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present utility model.
Claims (44)
1. reflectarray antenna, comprise substrate, be arranged at the reflector that is used for reflection electromagnetic wave that electromagnetic wave is had the man-made structures layer of electromagnetic response and is arranged at the substrate opposite side of substrate one side, it is characterized in that, be provided with at least one ply stress resilient coating between described substrate and the man-made structures layer and/or between described substrate and the reflector.
2. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the hot strength of described stress-buffer layer is less than the hot strength of described substrate, and the elongation at break of described stress-buffer layer is greater than the elongation at break in described man-made structures layer and reflector.
3. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described stress-buffer layer is by thermoplastic resin material or its material modified making.
4. reflectarray antenna according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described thermoplastic resin material is polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyether-ether-ketone, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyimides, polyester, Teflon or thermoplastic silicone.
5. reflectarray antenna according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described stress-buffer layer is thermoplastic elastomer (TPE).
6. reflectarray antenna according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) comprises rubber, thermoplastic polyurethane, styrene analog thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefins thermoplastic elastomer, based on the polyolefinic thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) of Halogen, polyether ester analog thermoplastic elastomer, polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), from aggressiveness type thermoplastic elastomer (TPE).
7. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described stress-buffer layer is made of PUR.
8. reflectarray antenna according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described PUR is natural PUR or synthetic PUR.
9. reflectarray antenna according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described synthetic PUR is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamides ammonium class, polyesters or polyurethanes.
10. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described stress-buffer layer is made of pressure sensitive adhesive.
11. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with stress-buffer layer between described substrate and the man-made structures layer, described substrate and reflector fit tightly; Or described substrate and man-made structures layer fit tightly, and is provided with stress-buffer layer between described substrate and the reflector.
12. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with stress-buffer layer between described substrate and the man-made structures layer and between described substrate and the reflector.
13. reflectarray antenna according to claim 12 is characterized in that, the material of the stress-buffer layer that arranges between the stress-buffer layer that arranges between described substrate and the man-made structures layer and described substrate and the reflector is identical.
14. reflectarray antenna according to claim 12 is characterized in that, the material of the stress-buffer layer that arranges between the stress-buffer layer that arranges between described substrate and the man-made structures layer and described substrate and the reflector is inequality.
15. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described substrate is made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.
16. reflectarray antenna according to claim 15 is characterized in that, described macromolecular material is that thermoplastic resin or its are material modified.
17. reflectarray antenna according to claim 16 is characterized in that, described thermoplastic resin material is polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyether-ether-ketone, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyimides, polyester, Teflon or thermoplastic silicone.
18. reflectarray antenna according to claim 17 is characterized in that, described substrate is made by polystyrene, and described stress-buffer layer is made by thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), PUR or pressure sensitive adhesive.
19. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described man-made structures layer has at least one man-made structures unit, and described man-made structures unit is the structure with geometrical pattern that electric conducting material constitutes.
20. reflectarray antenna according to claim 19 is characterized in that, described electric conducting material is metal or non-metallic conducting material.
21. reflectarray antenna according to claim 20 is characterized in that, described metal is gold, silver, copper, billon, silver alloy, copper alloy, kirsite or aluminium alloy; Described non-metallic conducting material is electrically conductive graphite, indium tin oxide or Al-Doped ZnO.
22. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflector is the metal level with anti-warpage pattern, and described anti-warpage pattern can suppress the described relatively feature board generation in described reflector warpage.
23. reflectarray antenna according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described reflector is the metal level with the anti-warpage pattern of finedraw groove shape.
24. reflectarray antenna according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described reflector is the metal level with poroid anti-warpage pattern.
25. reflectarray antenna according to claim 24 is characterized in that, described poroid anti-warpage pattern comprises that circular hole prevents warpage pattern, oval poroid anti-warpage pattern, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of polygon, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of triangle.
26. reflectarray antenna according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described reflector is the metal grill reflector with the anti-warpage pattern of wire netting trellis.
27. reflectarray antenna according to claim 26 is characterized in that, described metal grill reflector is made of the sheet metal of multi-disc space.
28. reflectarray antenna according to claim 27 is characterized in that, the single metal sheet be shaped as triangle or polygon.
29. reflectarray antenna according to claim 28 is characterized in that, described single metal sheet be shaped as square.
30. reflectarray antenna according to claim 27 is characterized in that, described multi-disc sheet metal interval each other is less than 1/20th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
31. reflectarray antenna according to claim 26 is characterized in that, the serve as reasons network structure with a plurality of mesh of the crisscross formation of many metal line of described metal grill reflector.
32. reflectarray antenna according to claim 31 is characterized in that, single mesh be shaped as triangle or polygon.
33. reflectarray antenna according to claim 32 is characterized in that, described single mesh be shaped as square or regular hexagon.
34. reflectarray antenna according to claim 33 is characterized in that, the length of side of described single mesh is less than 1/2nd of the incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
35. reflectarray antenna according to claim 31 is characterized in that, the live width of described many metal line is more than or equal to 0.01mm.
36. reflectarray antenna according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described metal level is that gold, silver, copper, aluminium, billon, silver alloy, copper alloy, kirsite or aluminium alloy are made.
37. reflectarray antenna according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described reflector is the metal level with the characteristic of conducting.
38. reflectarray antenna according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described reflector is to have the non-metal level that conducts characteristic.
39. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna also comprises for the protective layer that covers described man-made structures layer.
40. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna works in the Ku wave band, and described substrate thickness is 0.5-4mm.
41. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna works in X-band, and described substrate thickness is 0.7-6.5mm.
42. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna works in C-band, and described substrate thickness is 1-12mm.
43. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna is transmitting antenna, reception antenna or transceiver antenna.
44. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna is satellite television receiving antenna, satellite communication antena, microwave antenna or radar antenna.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220590561 CN203119099U (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | Reflective array antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220590561 CN203119099U (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | Reflective array antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203119099U true CN203119099U (en) | 2013-08-07 |
Family
ID=48899417
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220590561 Expired - Lifetime CN203119099U (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | Reflective array antenna |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203119099U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102983414A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-03-20 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Reflective array antenna |
| CN109302851A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-02-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of reflective array antenna and communication equipment |
-
2012
- 2012-11-09 CN CN 201220590561 patent/CN203119099U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102983414A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-03-20 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Reflective array antenna |
| CN109302851A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-02-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of reflective array antenna and communication equipment |
| CN109302851B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2020-12-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Reflective array antenna and communication equipment |
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Granted publication date: 20130807 |