CN109298179B - Immunochromatography detection system and background recognition method thereof - Google Patents
Immunochromatography detection system and background recognition method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109298179B CN109298179B CN201811438602.XA CN201811438602A CN109298179B CN 109298179 B CN109298179 B CN 109298179B CN 201811438602 A CN201811438602 A CN 201811438602A CN 109298179 B CN109298179 B CN 109298179B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/558—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor using diffusion or migration of antigen or antibody
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/8483—Investigating reagent band
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention relates to an immunochromatography detection system and a background recognition method thereof. The system comprises a main control unit, an optical measurement unit and a background acquisition unit; the main control unit comprises a main control CPU, a driving circuit and a display module, wherein the driving circuit and the display module are connected with the main control CPU, the optical measurement unit comprises an optical detection device and a transmission device connected with the driving circuit, the background acquisition unit comprises a background signal input module connected with the optical detection device, a conditioning filter module connected with the background signal input module, and a conditioning amplifying module connected with the conditioning filter module, and the conditioning amplifying module is also connected with the main control CPU. The invention improves the detection range and the precision of the immunochromatography detection system; meanwhile, the influence caused by the physical and chemical property difference of the sample to be tested in clinic is greatly reduced; the invention has strong practicability, can be widely applied to the fields of medical bedside detection, food safety detection and the like, and effectively solves the defect of reduced instrument performance of an immunochromatography instrument caused by background baseline problem.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an immunochromatography detection system and a background recognition method thereof.
Background
The patent (application number: 201810134327.6) proposes a dry immunochromatography detector and a detection method thereof, wherein the dry immunochromatography detector comprises a fluorescence detection mechanism, a movement mechanism, a scanning mechanism, a judgment mechanism, a switching mechanism, an information acquisition module, a main control module and the like. The design realizes T, C line judgment and T/C area ratio by a software algorithm, and quantitatively detects the concentration of a sample. The patent (application number: 201711404592.3) proposes a portable fluorescence immunochromatography test strip imaging detection system, which comprises an optical system, a data transmission system and a data processing system. And the detection system divides T lines, C lines and background areas in the test strip image according to the high-definition fluorescent test strip image information acquired by the microscope through an image segmentation algorithm. The patent (application number: 201610835153.7) proposes a quantitative detection calculation method based on a fluorescence immunochromatography technology, which sequentially comprises the steps of LED light source irradiation, optical filter processing, photoelectric detector detection, electric signal processing, AD conversion processing, filtering algorithm processing, baseline fitting, peak searching processing, T/C area ratio calculation and concentration calculation, so that judgment is carried out according to the calculated concentration result. And selecting a background baseline by least square fitting in background selection, and quantitatively detecting the concentration of the sample to be detected.
The above-described techniques have problems or drawbacks:
clinically, samples to be detected have differences of different degrees in the reason characteristics, so that background baselines of detection areas of immunochromatography test strips are unstable, and the accuracy of detection results is affected. Therefore, accurate selection of the background baseline is a precondition for achieving quantitative detection. In the existing immunochromatography detection system, the background baseline selection method comprises the following steps: 1. selecting a background baseline by baseline fitting; 2. judging the inflection point of the characteristic curve by a second-order differential method, and taking a baseline value corresponding to the inflection point as a background baseline; 3. the initial position of the immune test strip is continuously collected and averaged to serve as a background baseline. The former two methods are offline data processing methods, and depend on the computing capability of a PC, so that the functions are difficult to realize on the field rapid detection equipment; the last method only can weaken accidental errors in actual detection, and cannot cope with systematic errors existing in the traditional baseline selection method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an immunochromatography detection system and a background identification method thereof, which improve the detection range and the detection precision of the immunochromatography detection system; meanwhile, the influence caused by the physical and chemical property difference of the sample to be tested in clinic is greatly reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an immunochromatography detection system comprises a main control unit, an optical measurement unit and a background acquisition unit; the main control unit comprises a main control CPU, a driving circuit and a display module, wherein the driving circuit and the display module are connected with the main control CPU, the optical measurement unit comprises an optical detection device and a transmission device connected with the driving circuit, the background acquisition unit comprises a background signal input module connected with the optical detection device, a conditioning filter module connected with the background signal input module and a conditioning amplification module connected with the conditioning filter module, and the conditioning amplification module is also connected with the main control CPU; the optical detection device comprises a light source, a first lens, a dichroic mirror, a cylindrical mirror, an optical filter, a second lens and a photoelectric sensor, wherein light excited by the light source is focused by the first lens and then totally reflected by the dichroic mirror, and then is shaped and converted into rectangular light spots through the cylindrical mirror, the rectangular light spots act on the surface of an immunochromatographic test strip to be detected, and light signals reflected by the surface of the immunochromatographic test strip to be detected are focused by the second lens to the photoelectric sensor through the dichroic mirror and the optical filter and are converted into electric signals. The rectangular light spot size is similar to the color development line size of the immunochromatographic test strip to be tested. FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of the light spot of the optical mechanism of the present invention illuminating the test strip detection window. Let the light spot width be L and the detection band width be L T The width of the control band is L C The distance between the detection belt and the control belt is L TC When designing the light spot, the width L of the light spot is close to L T And L is equal to C And is much smaller than L TC I.e.Reasonable spot shapeAnd the size ensures that the optical signals of the detection belt and the control belt do not generate interference when the optical mechanism scans the test strip, is beneficial to the division of background areas and improves the detection precision.
The invention also provides a background identification method based on the immunochromatography detection system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, when an immunochromatographic test strip to be tested is measured, a light source is turned on, light source excitation light is focused by a first lens and then totally reflected by a dichroic mirror, and then is shaped by a cylindrical mirror to be converted into rectangular light spots which act on the surface of the immunochromatographic test strip to be tested;
s2, the main control CPU controls the transmission device to move back and forth, so that rectangular light spots are scanned back and forth in a detection window on the surface of the immunochromatographic test strip to be detected, and optical signals on the detection window are focused to the photoelectric sensor through the dichroic mirror and the optical filter by the second lens and converted into electric signals;
s3, the background signal input module receives the electric signal transmitted by the photoelectric sensor, transmits the electric signal to the conditioning filter module and the conditioning amplifying module for real-time processing, and finally transmits the electric signal to the main control CPU for A/D conversion;
step S4, the main control CPU identifies a background area according to the A/D converted signal, the scanning length of the background area is used as a control variable to be stored in the main control CPU, the moving step distance of a stepping motor of a transmission device is adjusted, the dynamic range of each light spot scanning is controlled to start sampling processing when the background area is in theory, then a stable background area is found through the method of detecting strip moving speed, detecting strip window length and light spot position identification, the sampling result of the background area is used as a final background baseline, and finally an average value is calculated through an algorithm to be used as a baseline value of the background area of the immunochromatographic strip to be detected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention improves the detection range and the precision of the immunochromatography detection system; meanwhile, the influence caused by the physical and chemical property difference of the sample to be tested in clinic is greatly reduced; the invention has strong practicability, can be widely applied to the fields of medical bedside detection, food safety detection and the like, and effectively solves the defect of reduced instrument performance of the immunochromatographic strip caused by the baseline problem.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an optical structure of an immunochromatographic detection system.
FIG. 2 is a plot of the area distribution of the immunochromatographic optical signal sampling curve.
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an immunochromatographic assay system of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the light spot of the optical mechanism of the present invention illuminating the test strip detection window.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides an immunochromatography detection system which comprises a main control unit, an optical measurement unit and a background acquisition unit, wherein the main control unit is connected with the optical measurement unit; the main control unit comprises a main control CPU, a driving circuit and a display module, wherein the driving circuit and the display module are connected with the main control CPU, the optical measurement unit comprises an optical detection device and a transmission device connected with the driving circuit, the background acquisition unit comprises a background signal input module connected with the optical detection device, a conditioning filter module connected with the background signal input module and a conditioning amplification module connected with the conditioning filter module, and the conditioning amplification module is also connected with the main control CPU; the optical detection device comprises a light source, a first lens, a dichroic mirror, a cylindrical mirror, an optical filter, a second lens and a photoelectric sensor, wherein light excited by the light source is focused by the first lens and then totally reflected by the dichroic mirror, and then is shaped and converted into rectangular light spots through the cylindrical mirror, the rectangular light spots act on the surface of an immunochromatographic test strip to be detected, and light signals reflected by the surface of the immunochromatographic test strip to be detected are focused by the second lens to the photoelectric sensor through the dichroic mirror and the optical filter and are converted into electric signals. The rectangular light spot size is similar to the color development line size of the immunochromatographic test strip to be tested.
The invention also provides a background identification method based on the immunochromatography detection system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, when an immunochromatographic test strip to be tested is measured, a light source is turned on, light source excitation light is focused by a first lens and then totally reflected by a dichroic mirror, and then is shaped and converted into rectangular light spots by a cylindrical mirror, and the rectangular light spots are formed on the surface of the immunochromatographic test strip to be tested;
s2, the main control CPU controls the transmission device to move back and forth, so that rectangular light spots are scanned back and forth in a detection window on the surface of the immunochromatographic test strip to be detected, and optical signals on the detection window are focused to the photoelectric sensor through the dichroic mirror and the optical filter by the second lens and converted into electric signals;
s3, the background signal input module receives the electric signal transmitted by the photoelectric sensor, transmits the electric signal to the conditioning filter module and the conditioning amplifying module for real-time processing, and finally transmits the electric signal to the main control CPU for A/D conversion;
step S4, the main control CPU identifies a background area according to the A/D converted signal, the scanning length of the background area is used as a control variable to be stored in the main control CPU, the moving step distance of a stepping motor of a transmission device is adjusted, the dynamic range of each light spot scanning is controlled to start sampling processing when the theoretical (non-optimal) background area is controlled, then a stable background area is found through a test strip moving speed, a test strip window length and a light spot position identification method, a determined background area sampling result is used as a final background baseline, and finally an algorithm is used for average calculation to be used as a baseline value of the background area of the immunochromatographic test strip to be tested.
The following is a specific implementation procedure of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 3, the immunochromatography detection system mainly comprises an optical measurement module, a background acquisition module and a main control module. The optical structure of the immunochromatographic detection system is shown in FIG. 1. When the test strip is used for measurement, the light source is turned on, excitation light is totally reflected by the dichroic mirror after being focused, is shaped into rectangular light spots by the cylindrical mirror, and acts on the surface of the test strip. And then a main control CPU of the main control module controls a transmission device carrying the test strip to move back and forth, so that rectangular light spots with proper width and length adjustment are scanned back and forth in a detection window of the test strip to be tested, and optical signals on the detection window are focused to an optical sensor through a dichroic mirror and an optical filter by a focusing mirror and finally converted into electric signals. And the dynamic identification of the background area is realized by analyzing the distribution rule of the photoelectric signals of the light spot scanning detection area.
The working principle of the system of the invention is as follows:
the size of the color development line on the test strip is rectangular, so that the front-end optical path system is fully utilized to extract the signal quantity of the test strip on the detection window, and the light spot focused on the test strip detection window after the emergent light of the light source passes through the optical path is designed into a rectangular light spot, and the size of the rectangular light spot is designed according to the size of the test strip detection window. When detecting, the main control CPU controls the transmission device carrying the test strip to move back and forth, so that the rectangular light spot scans back and forth at the window of the test strip to be detected, and the scanned photoelectric signal is input into the background acquisition and conditioning circuit through the receiver (photoelectric sensor in fig. 1) for real-time processing, and finally transmitted to the main control CPU for A/D conversion. As shown in fig. 2, the region distribution diagram of the immunochromatographic optical signal sampling curve is a region which cannot be selected as a background because the reflection coefficient of the upper and lower edge regions of the detection window is different from that of the background region, resulting in drift of the received background signal. Similarly, the T-line region and the C-line region in the detection window should be excluded, and then the remaining region should theoretically become the background region. Firstly, the scanning length of the background area is used as a control variable to be stored in a CPU, the moving step distance of a stepping motor is accurately controlled, so that the dynamic range of each light spot scanning starts to be sampled when controlling the theoretical (non-optimal) background area, filtering and denoising processing is carried out on sampling data, secondly, a stable background area is found by a test strip moving speed, a test strip window length and a light spot position identification method, a determined background area sampling result is used as a final background baseline, and finally, an algorithm is used for carrying out average calculation to be used as a baseline value of the test strip background area.
The application mode of the invention is as follows:
a functional block diagram of the present invention is shown in fig. 3. After the immunochromatography test strip is inserted, a measuring button is pressed, a main control CPU receives a command, a driving circuit starts to control a transmission device to advance for a fixed step distance, accurate positioning and detection in a background area are achieved, and signals are transmitted to a background acquisition circuit through an optical mechanism. And (3) carrying out A/D conversion by conditioning filtering and conditioning amplification input into a CPU, and finally determining a background baseline. After the light spot scanning is finished, the CPU extracts the characteristic quantity according to the change of the optical signal in the scanning process and displays the characteristic quantity on the LCD liquid crystal screen.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical solution of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention when the generated functional effects do not exceed the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An immunochromatography detection system is characterized by comprising a main control unit, an optical measurement unit and a background acquisition unit; the main control unit comprises a main control CPU, a driving circuit and a display module, wherein the driving circuit and the display module are connected with the main control CPU, the optical measurement unit comprises an optical detection device and a transmission device connected with the driving circuit, the background acquisition unit comprises a background signal input module connected with the optical detection device, a conditioning filter module connected with the background signal input module and a conditioning amplification module connected with the conditioning filter module, and the conditioning amplification module is also connected with the main control CPU; the optical detection device comprises a light source, a first lens, a dichroic mirror, a cylindrical mirror, an optical filter, a second lens and a photoelectric sensor, wherein light excited by the light source is focused by the first lens and then totally reflected by the dichroic mirror, is shaped and converted into rectangular light spots by the cylindrical mirror, acts on the surface of an immunochromatographic test strip to be detected, and the light signals reflected by the surface of the immunochromatographic test strip to be detected are focused by the second lens to the photoelectric sensor and converted into electric signals by the dichroic mirror and the optical filter; the rectangular light spot size is similar to the color development line size of the immunochromatographic strip to be tested;
the rectangular light spot size determination mode is as follows: let the light spot width be L and the detection band width be L T The width of the control band is L C The distance between the detection belt and the control belt is L TC When designing the light spot, the width L of the light spot is close to L T And L is equal to C And is much smaller than L TC I.e.When the optical mechanism scans the test strip, the optical signals of the detection belt and the control belt do not interfere, the background area is divided, and the detection precision is improved;
the background identification method of the immunochromatography detection system comprises the following steps:
s1, when an immunochromatographic test strip to be tested is measured, a light source is turned on, light source excitation light is focused by a first lens and then totally reflected by a dichroic mirror, and then is shaped by a cylindrical mirror to be converted into rectangular light spots which act on the surface of the immunochromatographic test strip to be tested;
s2, the main control CPU controls the transmission device to move back and forth, so that rectangular light spots are scanned back and forth in a detection window on the surface of the immunochromatographic test strip to be detected, and optical signals on the detection window are focused to the photoelectric sensor through the dichroic mirror and the optical filter by the second lens and converted into electric signals;
s3, the background signal input module receives the electric signal transmitted by the photoelectric sensor, transmits the electric signal to the conditioning filter module and the conditioning amplifying module for real-time processing, and finally transmits the electric signal to the main control CPU for A/D conversion;
s4, the main control CPU identifies a background area according to the A/D converted signal, the scanning length of the background area is used as a control variable to be stored in the main control CPU, the moving step distance of a stepping motor of a transmission device is adjusted, the dynamic range of each light spot scanning is controlled to start sampling processing when the background area is in theory, then a stable background area is found by a method of identifying the moving speed of a test strip, the window length of the test strip and the light spot position, a determined sampling result of the background area is used as a final background baseline, and finally an average value is calculated by an algorithm to be used as a baseline value of the background area of the immunochromatographic test strip to be tested; the theoretical background area determining mode is as follows: since the reflection coefficient of the upper and lower edge regions of the detection window is different from that of the background region, the received background signal has drift and cannot be used as a background selection region, so that the upper and lower edge regions of the detection window are excluded, and the T line region and the C line region in the detection window are excluded, and the rest region is the theoretical background region.
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