CN109293413A - A kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof extracting Tea Saponin - Google Patents

A kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof extracting Tea Saponin Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109293413A
CN109293413A CN201811342229.8A CN201811342229A CN109293413A CN 109293413 A CN109293413 A CN 109293413A CN 201811342229 A CN201811342229 A CN 201811342229A CN 109293413 A CN109293413 A CN 109293413A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cake
camellia oleifera
oleifera seeds
organic fertilizer
tea
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201811342229.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
胡华林
李*
李官强
马秋
王照国
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guizhou Province Shiqian County Fodingshan Wild Camellia Oil Industry Co ltd
Key Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry of Guizhou Academy of Sciences
Original Assignee
Guizhou Province Shiqian County Fodingshan Wild Camellia Oil Industry Co ltd
Key Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry of Guizhou Academy of Sciences
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Guizhou Province Shiqian County Fodingshan Wild Camellia Oil Industry Co ltd, Key Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry of Guizhou Academy of Sciences filed Critical Guizhou Province Shiqian County Fodingshan Wild Camellia Oil Industry Co ltd
Priority to CN201811342229.8A priority Critical patent/CN109293413A/en
Publication of CN109293413A publication Critical patent/CN109293413A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer composting technologies after a kind of extraction Tea Saponin, by following composition: cake of camellia oleifera seeds 60-80%, pig manure 15-30%, rice straw 5-10%, rice husk 3-8%, fermenting agent 1-2%, moisture content 60%-70% is adjusted, carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled in 24:1-30:1.The present invention has recycled the scrap feed material of oil tea, pollution-free to environment, soil, plant, solves the recycling of waste for oil tea enterprise, while also providing a kind of novel biological organic fertilizer, improves the utilization rate of resource.

Description

A kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof extracting Tea Saponin
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic fertilizer fermentation technical fields, relate generally to a kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer extracted after Tea Saponin And preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Oil tea is one of big traditional oil tree of Century Square, and China is that plant of theaceae is distributed most wide country, tea in the world Oil is one of most ancient woody edible vegetable oil of China, has more than 2000 years dining table history, has " east olive oil " and " in oil The title of treasure ".In recent years, tea oil is favored by more and more consumers, and production and sales prospect is very good.China in 2015 Existing 382.17 ten thousand hectares of the camellia oleifera lam gross area, oil tea relevant enterprise 2208,216.35 ten thousand tons of tea seed yield, year oil tea produces Amount is 500,000 tons or so.Cake of camellia oleifera seeds is the residue after camellia seed kernel oil expression, and annual yield is about 1,500,000 tons, fresh cake The dregs of rice generally contain Residual oil 5-7%, the about 12-16% containing protein, starch 40-50%, due to also containing Tea Saponin 8-10%, tannin in grouts About 2% and caffeine about 0.4%, spicy, therefore palatability difference and can not be as the feed of higher vertebrate.Cake of camellia oleifera seeds is logical It is often sold as waste residue with cheap price, so as to cause the increased costs of tea-seed oil, market competitiveness decline.
Cake of camellia oleifera seeds generally can be by as the raw material for extracting Tea Saponin, and the residue after extraction is substantially discarded or directly made For fuel, even if directly as Fertilizer application, also because nutriment deficiency causes fertility faint, to cause very big resource Waste.Cake of camellia oleifera seeds total reducing sugar, crude protein and nitrogen-free extracts content after extracting Tea Saponin is all very high, especially total reducing sugar and nothing Nitrogen extract, content are good organic fertilizer raw materials up to 50% or more.
In view of the above problems, it is residual to seek a kind of convenient, fast, simple process cake of camellia oleifera seeds after extracting Tea Saponin that ferments Slag is the technology of organic fertilizer, both can solve the outlet of tea oil enterprise waste, promotes the development of tea-seed oil secondary industry, simultaneously The biological organic source of manure of abundant nutriment can be provided again for planting plants, increase tea oil added value, promote the economic value of tea seed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the fermentation sides that a kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue prepared after extracting Tea Saponin is organic fertilizer Method has many advantages, such as environmentally protective, simple process and low cost.
A kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer preparation after extraction Tea Saponin, is made of the raw material of following quality proportioning:
Cake of camellia oleifera seeds 60-80%, pig manure 15-30%, rice straw 5-10%, rice husk 3-8%, fermenting agent 1-2%.
It is the cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue extracted after Tea Saponin that the cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer, which prepares raw material,.
Cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer C/N ratio and moisture content compost optimum proportioning after the extraction Tea Saponin: C/N is than 25 ~30, moisture content 60%~70%, the proportion of pig manure and oil tea slag are 1:4, the adding proportion of stalk rice husk and oil tea slag 1:8~ 1:10。
Fermenting agent used in cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer after the extraction Tea Saponin be effective active bacterium >=0.5 hundred million/ Gram pulvis.
Straw used in cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer after the extraction Tea Saponin is the dry rice straw of 1-3cm length.
Cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer compost and digest process after the extraction Tea Saponin need the auxiliary heat of solar energy.
Cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer fermentation process ventilation optimization technique after the extraction Tea Saponin is aerobic ventilation knot The form for closing turning is aerated, and vent flow is 0.03~0.05 m3/ (kgh), artificial turning is once a week.
The present invention provides the preparation method of the cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer after extracting Tea Saponin, the method are as follows: oil tea After grouts residue dry product, 80% pig manure of moisture content, the dry rice straw of 3cm length, rice husk, fermenting agent mix in proportion, material is adjusted Water content is subsequently placed in container in 60%~70%, the auxiliary heat of solar energy, after high temperature high-rate composting and later period decomposed two stages The cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer is made.
Cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer provided by the invention is that have and mention to extract the cake of camellia oleifera seeds of Tea Saponin as primary raw material High yield and the Multifucntional organic fertilizer for reducing insect pest generation.Protein and carbohydrate content 60% in cake of camellia oleifera seeds More than, contain a small amount of Tea Saponin simultaneously.Tea Saponin has strong toxic action to insect pest, while can also improve soil, prevents weight Metal enrichment.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: protein and carbon aquation rich in the cake of camellia oleifera seeds after extracting Tea Saponin Object is closed, the fertilizer after fermentation can provide nutriment abundant for plant;Also contain some Tea Saponins, fermentation in cake of camellia oleifera seeds Organic fertilizer not only there is raising yield, be also reduced insect pest generation effect;Cake of camellia oleifera seeds generally quilt after extracting Tea Saponin Discarded, the present invention takes full advantage of the waste of oil tea enterprise, gathers materials on the spot, and has reached resource reutilization, will not pollute, mention The added value of tea oil is risen.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is (the A oil tea slag muck fertilizer process temperature variation of two kinds of raw material compost process temperature variation diagrams;B oil tea slag+pig manure heap Fertile process temperature variation);Fig. 2 is composting process figure;Fig. 3 is fertilizer extract, and for the influence diagram of germination, (control is Influence of the pure water to germination).
Specific embodiment
Cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer composting technology after a kind of extraction Tea Saponin, by following composition: cake of camellia oleifera seeds 60%, pig manure 20%, rice straw 10%, rice husk 8%, fermenting agent 2%.
After the cake of camellia oleifera seeds is the extracted grease of tea seed, and it is further extracted the residue after Tea Saponin.
It is best that 80% pig manure effect of moisture content is added in the compost ingredient.
The moisture content of the compost ingredient is 65%, and carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled in 28:1.
Stalk in the fertilizer blend needs 1-3 cm length, and the proportion with oil tea slag is 1:8~1:10.
The fertilizer fermentation process is aerated in the form of divulging information and combining turning, and vent flow is 0.03~0.05 m3/ (kgh), artificial turning is once a week.
The cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer preparation process need to add microbial bacterial agent.
The cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer fermentation process needs the auxiliary heat of solar energy.
Fermented manure process temperature variation in embodiment provided by the invention is measured, the result is shown in Figure 1,2, by scheming Compost temperature known to 1 experienced temperature raising period, megathermal period, cooldown period and decomposed phase, and outdoor compost is placed in no rainwater and drenches but have day The region of light direct beam, the auxiliary heat of solar energy makes compost be easily accessible the secondary high-temperature phase, after turning several times, progresses into decomposed Phase.
Pig manure in ingredient is compared in embodiment provided by the invention as a result to see whether there is or not the difference with composting process temperature change Fig. 1, pig manure is added in oil tea slag as shown in Figure 1 can promote the progress of composting process, improve the temperature of megathermal period.Turning Afterwards, heap temperature can also rise get Geng Gao.Therefore, add feces of livestock and poultry and using the auxiliary heat of solar energy can promote compost it is smooth into Row.
The pH value of fertilizer is determined in embodiment provided by the invention, by compost sample and deionized water according to 1: 10 (mass ratio) is mixed, and is vibrated 24 hours on horizontal shaker, and 4000 turns/min is centrifuged after ten minutes, measures pH with Accurate pH meter Value is 6.56.
Fertilizer extract is determined percentage of seedgermination influence in embodiment provided by the invention, by compost sample With deionized water according to 1:10(mass ratio) it is mixed, it is vibrated 2 hours on horizontal shaker, 4000 turns/min is centrifuged 10 minutes Afterwards, it is filtered with filter paper, takes filtrate spare.The filtrate of 5mL is added to directly 9cm and to be covered in the culture dish of filter paper, each 20 equal in magnitude, full seed seeds are put into culture dish.It places it in 25 ± 2 DEG C of incubator, is protected from light training It supports 3 days, while being control with deionized water, percentage of seedgermination is calculated with formula 1.Germination sees Fig. 3, test result display fertilizer The germination percentage for expecting extract is 169.93%, does not have toxicant to be leached in the fertilizer of surface.
Formula 1: percentage of seedgermination (%)=(germination percentage of filtrate × average root long)/(germination percentage of pure water control × average Root long) × 100%
The fertilizer content of organic matter is determined in embodiment provided by the invention, molten with quantitative potassium bichromate-sulfuric acid Liquid makes organic oxidation of coal in organic fertilizer in a heated condition, and extra potassium bichromate is titrated with ferrous sulfate solution, together When by additive of silica make blank test.According to oxidation front and back oxidant consumption amount, organic carbon content is calculated, multiplied by being Number 1.724, is the content of organic matter, and measurement result is 66.99 %.
Fertilizer total nitrogen content is determined in embodiment provided by the invention, is disappeared by Sulfuric-acid-hydrogen-peroxide and is boiled, conversion For ammonium nitrogen, the ammonia distilled after alkalization is absorbed with boric acid solution, is titrated with standard acid, calculates total nitrogen content, measurement It as a result is 1.96 %.
Fertilizer phosphorus content is determined in embodiment provided by the invention, is boiled through being disappeared with Sulfuric-acid-hydrogen-peroxide, certain Under acidity, the sulfate ion in prepare liquid is reacted with metavanadic acid and molybdic acid generates ternary heteropoly acid, with spectrophotometry colorimetric Measurement.Measurement result P2O5Content is 1.63%.
Fertilizer potassium content is determined in embodiment provided by the invention, is disappeared using Sulfuric-acid-hydrogen-peroxide and is boiled, after dilution Use flame spectrophotometric determination.Measurement result is K2O content is 1.42%.
Fertilizer total nutrient is 5.01% in embodiment provided by the invention, reaches organic fertilizer nutrient (>=5.0%).

Claims (8)

1. a kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer extracted after Tea Saponin, it is characterised in that the cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer is by following quality The raw material of proportion forms: cake of camellia oleifera seeds 60-80%, pig manure 15-30%, rice straw 5-10%, rice husk 3-8%, fermenting agent 1-2%, Moisture content 60%-70% is adjusted, carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled in 24:1-30:1.
2. cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the cake of camellia oleifera seeds is the extracted oil of tea seed The residue after Tea Saponin is extracted after rouge again.
3. cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that addition 80% pig manure effect of moisture content is best.
4. cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that addition stalk and rice husk, stalk are cut into scissors 1-3 cm length, the proportion with oil tea slag are 1:8~1:10.
5. the artificial turning of cake of camellia oleifera seeds as described in claim 1 is once a week.
6. cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that it is aerated in the form of divulging information and combining turning, Vent flow is 0.03~0.05 m3/(kg·h)。
7. cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer preparation process Microbial bacterial agent need to be added.
8. cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that prepared by the cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer Journey needs the auxiliary heat of solar energy.
CN201811342229.8A 2018-11-13 2018-11-13 A kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof extracting Tea Saponin Pending CN109293413A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110452063A (en) * 2019-09-03 2019-11-15 贵州省中国科学院天然产物化学重点实验室(贵州医科大学天然产物化学重点实验室) A kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds During High-Temperature Composting matrix and its preparation method and application
CN114478091A (en) * 2022-02-16 2022-05-13 恩施土家族苗族自治州林业科学研究院(恩施土家族苗族自治州林业科技推广站) Camellia oleifera organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN116041120A (en) * 2023-02-03 2023-05-02 贵州省林业科学研究院 Preparation method of oil tea fruit shell organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and application
RU2825894C1 (en) * 2024-02-26 2024-09-02 Магомет Абубекирович Конов Method of producing organomineral fertilizer

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102816017A (en) * 2012-07-23 2012-12-12 安徽金农生态农业科技发展有限公司 Special composite fertilizer for tea
CN104311193A (en) * 2014-10-10 2015-01-28 广西罗城新科双全有机食品有限公司 Tea tree organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN106748383A (en) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-31 浙江久晟油茶科技股份有限公司 A kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN106810387A (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-09 侯霞 Special composite fertilizer for tea

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102816017A (en) * 2012-07-23 2012-12-12 安徽金农生态农业科技发展有限公司 Special composite fertilizer for tea
CN104311193A (en) * 2014-10-10 2015-01-28 广西罗城新科双全有机食品有限公司 Tea tree organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN106810387A (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-09 侯霞 Special composite fertilizer for tea
CN106748383A (en) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-31 浙江久晟油茶科技股份有限公司 A kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110452063A (en) * 2019-09-03 2019-11-15 贵州省中国科学院天然产物化学重点实验室(贵州医科大学天然产物化学重点实验室) A kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds During High-Temperature Composting matrix and its preparation method and application
CN114478091A (en) * 2022-02-16 2022-05-13 恩施土家族苗族自治州林业科学研究院(恩施土家族苗族自治州林业科技推广站) Camellia oleifera organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN116041120A (en) * 2023-02-03 2023-05-02 贵州省林业科学研究院 Preparation method of oil tea fruit shell organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and application
CN116041120B (en) * 2023-02-03 2024-01-19 贵州省林业科学研究院 Preparation method of oil tea fruit shell organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and application
RU2825894C1 (en) * 2024-02-26 2024-09-02 Магомет Абубекирович Конов Method of producing organomineral fertilizer

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Application publication date: 20190201