CN109268099B - Marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system and method based on thermoelectric power generation and organic Rankine cycle - Google Patents
Marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system and method based on thermoelectric power generation and organic Rankine cycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN109268099B CN109268099B CN201811216260.7A CN201811216260A CN109268099B CN 109268099 B CN109268099 B CN 109268099B CN 201811216260 A CN201811216260 A CN 201811216260A CN 109268099 B CN109268099 B CN 109268099B
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- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005678 Seebeck effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
- F01K27/02—Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
- F03G7/05—Ocean thermal energy conversion, i.e. OTEC
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system based on thermoelectric generation and organic Rankine cycle combination and a method thereof, wherein the marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system comprises a diesel engine air inlet subsystem, a diesel engine cooling subsystem, an exhaust gas flow path, a TEG subsystem, an ORC subsystem, a seawater cooling subsystem and an electric control center; a thermoelectric generator is arranged between the exhaust gas flow path and the diesel engine cooling subsystem to form a TEG subsystem, and power generation is performed through the temperature difference between the exhaust gas flow path and the diesel engine cooling subsystem; the ORC subsystem exchanges heat with the exhaust gas flow path through an ORC evaporator; the ORC subsystem converts heat energy into electric energy generated by a generator coaxially connected with the expander through thermodynamic cycle; the seawater cooling subsystem is used for finally condensing ORC working medium and diesel engine cooling liquid; the electric control center is a part of a diesel engine ECU and is used for controlling the driving cycle. The invention fully utilizes the waste heat of the diesel engine waste gas and the temperature difference between the waste gas and the cooling liquid, recovers and converts the waste gas into electric energy, is used for other electric equipment of ships, and further improves the energy conversion efficiency of diesel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy, in particular to the field of waste heat recovery of an internal combustion engine, and particularly relates to a marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system and a marine diesel engine waste heat recovery method based on thermoelectric power generation and organic Rankine cycle.
Technical Field
With further deepening of economic globalization, a great deal of international trade has made the ship transportation industry to accelerate, and diesel engines remain an irreplaceable machine for shipping because no suitable alternative power source in terms of power density, cost and economy is currently found. However, due to the irreversibility in the energy conversion process, the efficiency of the marine diesel engine is only 48% -51%, and the rest energy is dissipated in the atmosphere in the form of heat energy such as exhaust gas, cooling water and the like, so that the energy waste is caused.
Thus, various advanced combustion technologies are used to achieve better fuel economy performance for diesel engines, but as these technologies have reached maturity, it has become increasingly difficult to seek further improvements using these methods. One valuable alternative to improving overall energy efficiency is to capture and recover waste heat. The marine diesel engine, especially the large-tonnage marine diesel engine, runs at a constant speed for a long time, namely, the recovery and the utilization of waste heat can be better realized on the ship.
The existing waste heat recovery technology mainly comprises a turbo charging technology, a thermoelectric generation technology, an organic Rankine cycle, a kalina cycle, a waste heat refrigeration technology, a sea water desalination technology, a combined cycle technology used by a plurality of technologies comprehensively, and the like, but the technologies have the defect of insufficient heat source energy utilization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system and a marine diesel engine waste heat recovery method based on thermoelectric generation and organic Rankine cycle, which can further utilize the marine diesel engine waste heat and improve the net output power and the system efficiency of the marine diesel engine.
The invention firstly discloses a marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system based on thermoelectric generation and organic Rankine cycle, which comprises a diesel engine air inlet subsystem, a diesel engine cooling subsystem, an exhaust gas flow path, a TEG subsystem, an ORC subsystem, a seawater cooling subsystem and an electric control center.
The diesel engine cooling subsystem is a diesel engine coolant cooling circuit, comprising: the cooling liquid pump is communicated with the cooling liquid storage tank at the upstream and is driven by an external belt pulley at the front end of the diesel engine through belt transmission connection; the TEG cold end heat exchange plate is arranged at the downstream of the coolant pump and is combined with the TEG hot end heat exchange plate of the waste gas flow path through a thermoelectric generator to form the TEG subsystem; an ORC preheater arranged at the downstream of the TEG cold end heat exchange plate, wherein the cooling liquid directly exchanges heat with ORC working medium of the ORC subsystem; and the cooling liquid condenser is arranged downstream of the ORC preheater and upstream of the cooling liquid storage tank, and the cooling liquid is directly subjected to heat exchange with the seawater of the seawater cooling subsystem.
The exhaust gas flow path is a diesel engine exhaust gas emission path, and the diesel engine exhaust gas is sequentially discharged into the atmosphere after passing through the booster turbine, the TEG hot end heat exchange plate and the ORC evaporator.
The TEG subsystem is formed by combining a thermoelectric generator, a TEG cold end heat exchange plate of the diesel engine cooling subsystem and a TEG hot end heat exchange plate of the exhaust gas flow path.
The ORC subsystem is an organic rankine cycle circuit, comprising: the ORC working medium pump is a variable frequency pump and is communicated with an ORC working medium liquid storage tank at the upstream and is in communication connection with the electric control center; an ORC preheater arranged downstream of the ORC working medium pump, where ORC working medium exchanges heat directly with the cooling liquid of the diesel engine cooling subsystem; an ORC evaporator, disposed downstream of the ORC preheater, where ORC working fluid is in direct heat exchange relationship with the exhaust gas of the exhaust gas flow path; the ORC expander is arranged at the downstream of the ORC evaporator and is coaxially connected with the generator; the ORC working medium condenser is arranged at the downstream of the ORC expansion machine and at the upstream of the ORC working medium liquid storage tank, and the ORC working medium directly exchanges heat with the seawater of the seawater cooling subsystem.
The seawater cooling subsystem is a cooling flow path of ORC working medium and diesel engine cooling liquid, and consists of a seawater diesel engine cooling branch and a seawater ORC cooling branch, and comprises: the seawater filter is arranged at the upstream of the seawater cooling main path; the seawater pump is a variable frequency pump and is arranged at the downstream of the seawater filter and is in communication connection with the electric control center; the diverter is arranged at the downstream of the sea water pump; the cooling liquid condenser is arranged at the downstream of the cooling branch of the seawater diesel engine, which is branched by the flow splitter, and the seawater is directly subjected to heat exchange with the cooling liquid of the diesel engine cooling subsystem; an ORC condenser is arranged downstream of the ORC cooling branch of the seawater split by the splitter, where the seawater is in direct heat exchange with the ORC working fluid of the ORC subsystem.
The electric control center is a part of an external diesel engine ECU and is communicated with the cooling liquid pump and the ORC working medium pump.
The invention is based on the operation of the thermoelectric generation and organic Rankine cycle combined marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system without any modification to the diesel engine, and the working flow of the invention is as follows:
when the marine diesel engine runs under the stable navigation working condition, the cooling liquid pump is driven by the diesel engine, and the cooling liquid is pressurized and then fed into the water jacket of the diesel engine body; the cooling liquid flows around the water jacket wall and absorbs heat from the water jacket wall to raise the temperature; the cooling liquid flows out of the diesel engine body and then passes through a TEG cold end heat exchange plate to be used as a TEG power generation cold source; then flows through the ORC preheater to directly exchange heat with ORC working medium; then the cooling liquid flows through a cooling liquid condenser, and the cooling liquid is directly subjected to heat exchange with the seawater and is cooled to the temperature required before entering the diesel engine body; finally, the liquid flows into a cooling liquid storage tank, so that the cooling liquid circulation is completed. Meanwhile, the exhaust gas of the diesel engine flows out from the exhaust valve and firstly passes through the supercharging turbine, and the supercharging turbine drives the air compressor coaxially connected with the supercharging turbine to work; then flows through a TEG hot end heat exchange plate to serve as a TEG power generation heat source; then flows through an ORC evaporator to directly exchange heat with the ORC working medium, so that the liquid ORC working medium is completely vaporized; finally, the exhaust gas is discharged to the atmosphere. The supercharged air compressed by the air compressor is cooled by an intercooler of the diesel engine and then enters a cylinder in the diesel engine body. TEG is a power generation device made of a special semiconductor material, and based on the seebeck effect, thermal energy is converted into electric energy due to the existence of temperature differences between cold and hot ends of cooling liquid and exhaust gas respectively. The organic Rankine cycle is driven by an ORC working medium pump, and the ORC working medium pump is controlled by an electric control center in a variable frequency mode; ORC working medium flows through an ORC preheater at first and carries out direct heat exchange with cooling liquid; the preheated ORC working medium enters an ORC evaporator, and is subjected to direct heat exchange with higher-temperature waste gas to absorb waste heat and evaporate into gaseous organic working medium; then the gaseous ORC working medium enters an ORC expander, drives the ORC expander to do work, and finally enables a generator coaxially connected with the ORC expander to rotate, so that heat energy is converted into mechanical energy, and finally is converted into electric energy; and the exhaust steam after acting enters an ORC condenser to be cooled into a liquid organic working medium and is conveyed to an ORC working medium liquid storage tank, so that the organic Rankine cycle is completed. In view of the working environment of the marine diesel engine, the final cooling of the cooling liquid and the ORC working medium is completed by seawater; the seawater cooling subsystem is driven by a seawater pump, and the seawater pump is controlled by an electric control center in a variable frequency manner; the seawater firstly passes through a seawater filter to filter out solid impurities in the seawater; after flowing out of the seawater pump, the seawater flows into a flow divider, the flow divider divides a seawater cooling main path into a seawater diesel engine cooling branch and a seawater ORC cooling branch, one of the branches flows to a cooling liquid condenser for cooling the cooling liquid, and the other branch flows to the ORC condenser for cooling the ORC working medium.
In the invention, the cooling liquid is a mixture of water and an antifreezing agent, and the mass fraction of the antifreezing agent is higher so that the cooling liquid has a higher boiling point and a lower freezing point. The ORC working medium is an organic mixed working medium with excellent performance, so that the evaporation process of the ORC working medium does not occur under the constant temperature condition, and the ORC circulation efficiency is improved; furthermore, some advanced diesel technologies are not directly embodied in the present invention, but the present invention may be used in combination with certain advanced diesel technologies, such as EGR, exhaust gas treatment technologies, and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following main beneficial effects:
the invention comprehensively utilizes two most main waste heat, namely waste gas and cooling liquid from the diesel engine.
(1) The invention directly converts thermal energy into considerable electric energy for output through the TEG equipment by utilizing the larger temperature difference between the relatively higher temperature of the waste gas and the relatively lower temperature of the cooling liquid.
(2) In the invention, after the waste gas passes through the TEG hot end heat exchange plate, the temperature is reduced to a certain extent, so that the ORC working medium is not thermally decomposed when the ORC working medium is evaporated.
(3) In the invention, after the cooling liquid passes through the TEG hot end heat exchange plate, the temperature is raised to some extent, and the cooling liquid is used as an ORC working medium preheating heat source, so that the ORC circulating efficiency is improved.
(4) In the invention, the cooling liquid and ORC working medium are cooled by seawater in a split way, so that the working environment of the marine diesel engine is fully utilized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the present invention.
The system comprises an S1-diesel engine air inlet subsystem, an S2-diesel engine cooling subsystem, an S3-exhaust gas flow path, an S4-TEG subsystem, an S5-ORC subsystem, an S6-seawater cooling subsystem, a 1-diesel engine body, a 2-diesel engine intercooler, a 3-air inlet compressor, a 10-cooling liquid loop, an 11-cooling liquid pump, a 12-TEG cold end heat exchange plate, a 13-ORC preheater, a 14-cooling liquid condenser, a 15-cooling liquid storage tank, a 20-exhaust gas discharge flow path, a 21-booster turbine, a 22-TEG hot end heat exchange plate, a 23-ORC evaporator, a 30-organic Rankine cycle loop, a 31-ORC working medium pump, a 32-ORC expander, a 33-ORC working medium condenser, a 34-ORC working medium storage tank, a 40-seawater cooling main loop, a 401-seawater cooling branch, a 402-seawater ORC cooling branch, a 41-seawater filter, a 42-seawater pump, a 43-diverter, a C-electric control center, a G-generator and a T-temperature difference generator.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a diesel engine waste heat recovery system based on thermoelectric generation and organic rankine cycle combined ship, which comprises a diesel engine air inlet subsystem S1, a diesel engine cooling subsystem S2, an exhaust gas flow path S3, a TEG subsystem S4, an ORC subsystem S5, a seawater cooling subsystem S6 and an electric control center C.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the diesel engine air intake subsystem S1 is composed of a diesel engine body 1, a diesel engine intercooler 2 and an air intake compressor 3; fresh air sequentially passes through the intake air compressor 3 and the diesel engine intercooler 2, and finally enters the cylinders of the diesel engine body 1.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the diesel cooling subsystem S2 is a diesel cooling loop, which includes: the coolant pump 11 is communicated with an upstream coolant liquid storage tank 15 and is driven by an external front end belt pulley of the diesel engine through belt transmission connection; a TEG cold-end heat exchange plate 12, which is disposed downstream of the coolant pump 11, and is combined with a TEG hot-end heat exchange plate 22 of the exhaust gas flow path S3 through a thermoelectric generator T to form a TEG subsystem S4; an ORC preheater 13, arranged downstream of the TEG cold end heat exchange plate 12, where the cooling fluid is in direct heat exchange with the ORC working fluid of the ORC subsystem S5; a coolant condenser 14 is arranged downstream of the ORC preheater 13 and upstream of the coolant reservoir 15, where the coolant is in direct heat exchange with the seawater of the seawater cooling subsystem S6.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the exhaust gas flow path S3 is a diesel exhaust gas discharge path 20, and the diesel exhaust gas is discharged to the atmosphere after passing through a turbo 21, a TEG hot end heat exchange plate 22, and an ORC evaporator 23 in order.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the TEG subsystem S4 is composed of a thermoelectric generator T, a TEG cold-end heat-exchange plate 12 of the diesel cooling subsystem, and a TEG hot-end heat-exchange plate 22 of the exhaust gas flow path S3.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ORC subsystem S5 is an organic rankine cycle circuit 30, which includes: the ORC working medium pump 31 is a variable frequency pump and is communicated with an ORC working medium liquid storage tank 34 at the upstream and is in communication connection with the electric control center C; an ORC preheater 13, arranged downstream of the ORC working fluid pump 31, where the ORC working fluid is in direct heat exchange with the cooling fluid of the diesel engine cooling subsystem S2; an ORC evaporator 23, which is arranged downstream of the ORC preheater 13, in which ORC working fluid is directly heat-exchanged with the exhaust gases of the exhaust gas flow path S3; an ORC expander 32, disposed downstream of the ORC evaporator 23, the ORC expander 32 being coaxially connected to the generator G; an ORC working fluid condenser 33 is arranged downstream of the ORC expander 32 and upstream of the ORC working fluid reservoir 34, where the ORC working fluid is in direct heat exchange with the seawater of the seawater cooling subsystem S6.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the seawater cooling subsystem S6 is a cooling flow path of ORC working medium and diesel engine coolant, and is composed of a seawater diesel engine cooling branch 401 and a seawater ORC cooling branch 402, and includes: a seawater filter 41 disposed upstream of the seawater cooling main passage 40; a seawater pump 42, which is a variable frequency pump, is provided downstream of the seawater filter 41, and is connected in communication with the electric control center C; a diverter 43 disposed downstream of the sea water pump 42; a coolant condenser 14 disposed downstream of the seawater diesel cooling branch 401 branched from the splitter, where the seawater is directly heat-exchanged with the coolant of the diesel cooling subsystem S2; an ORC condenser 33 is arranged downstream of the ORC cooling branch 402 of the seawater split by the splitter, where the seawater is in direct heat exchange with the ORC working fluid of said ORC subsystem S5.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the electric control center C is a part of an external diesel engine ECU and is in communication with the coolant pump 11 and the ORC working fluid pump 31.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system based on the combination of thermoelectric generation and organic rankine cycle provided by the invention comprises a diesel engine air inlet subsystem S1, a diesel engine cooling subsystem S2, an exhaust gas flow path S3, a TEG subsystem S4, an ORC subsystem S5, a seawater cooling subsystem S6 and an electric control center C, wherein when a marine diesel engine operates under a stable navigation working condition, a cooling liquid pump 11 is driven by the diesel engine, and the cooling liquid is pressurized and then fed into a water jacket of a diesel engine body 1; the cooling liquid flows around the water jacket wall and absorbs heat from the water jacket wall to raise the temperature; the cooling liquid flows out of the diesel engine body 1 and then passes through the TEG cold end heat exchange plate 12 to be used as a TEG power generation cold source; then flows through the ORC preheater 13 to directly exchange heat with ORC working medium; then flows through the cooling liquid condenser 14, and the cooling liquid is directly subjected to heat exchange with the seawater and is cooled to the required temperature before entering the diesel engine body 1; finally flows into the coolant reservoir 14, thereby completing the coolant circulation. At the same time, the exhaust gas of the diesel engine flows out from the exhaust valve and firstly passes through the booster turbine 21, and the booster turbine 21 drives the air compressor 3 coaxially connected with the exhaust gas to work; then flows through the TEG hot end heat exchange plate 22 to serve as a TEG power generation heat source; then flows through the ORC evaporator 23 to directly exchange heat with the ORC working medium, so that the liquid ORC working medium is completely vaporized; finally, the exhaust gas is discharged to the atmosphere. The charge air compressed by the air compressor 3 is cooled by the diesel intercooler 2 and then enters the cylinders in the diesel engine block 1. TEG is a power generation device made of a special semiconductor material, and based on the seebeck effect, thermal energy is converted into electric energy due to the existence of temperature differences between cold and hot ends of cooling liquid and exhaust gas respectively. The organic Rankine cycle is driven by an ORC working medium pump 31, and the ORC working medium pump 31 is controlled by an electric control center C in a variable frequency manner; the ORC working medium firstly flows through the ORC preheater 13 and carries out direct heat exchange with the cooling liquid; the preheated ORC working medium enters an ORC evaporator 23, and is subjected to direct heat exchange with higher-temperature waste gas to absorb waste heat and evaporate into gaseous organic working medium; then the gaseous ORC working medium enters the ORC expander 32, drives the ORC expander 32 to do work, and finally rotates the generator G coaxially connected with the ORC expander 32, so that heat energy is converted into mechanical energy and finally into electric energy; the exhaust steam after doing work enters the ORC condenser 33 to be cooled into liquid organic working medium and is conveyed to the ORC working medium liquid storage tank 34, so that the organic Rankine cycle is completed. In view of the working environment of the marine diesel engine, the final cooling of the cooling liquid and the ORC working medium is completed by seawater; the seawater cooling subsystem S6 is driven by a seawater pump 42, and the seawater pump 42 is controlled by an electric control center C in a variable frequency manner; the seawater firstly passes through a seawater filter 41 to filter out solid impurities in the seawater; after flowing out of the seawater pump 42, the seawater flows into a flow divider 43, and the flow divider divides the seawater cooling main path into a seawater diesel engine cooling branch 401 and a seawater ORC cooling branch 402, wherein one of the branches flows to the cooling liquid condenser 14 for cooling the cooling liquid, and the other branch flows to the ORC condenser 33 for cooling the ORC working medium.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system based on thermoelectric generation and organic Rankine cycle is characterized by comprising a diesel engine air inlet subsystem (S1), a diesel engine cooling subsystem (S2), an exhaust gas flow path (S3), a TEG subsystem (S4), an ORC subsystem (S5), a seawater cooling subsystem (S6) and an electric control center (C); wherein the diesel engine air intake subsystem (S1) converts energy in the engine exhaust gas by means of a charging turbine (21) coaxially connected to the air intake compressor (3); the diesel engine cooling subsystem (S2) and the exhaust gas flow path (S3) exchange heat through the TEG subsystem (S4); the ORC subsystem (S5) exchanges heat with the diesel engine cooling subsystem (S2), the exhaust gas flow path (S3) and the seawater cooling subsystem (S6) respectively through an ORC preheater (13), an ORC evaporator (23) and an ORC working medium condenser (33); the diesel engine cooling subsystem (S2) and the seawater cooling subsystem (S6) exchange heat through a cooling liquid condenser (14); the electric control center (C) is connected with an ORC working medium pump (31) in the ORC subsystem (S5) and a sea water pump (42) in the sea water cooling subsystem (S6) through an electric control circuit.
2. The marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system based on thermoelectric generation and organic Rankine cycle combination according to claim 1, wherein the diesel engine cooling subsystem (S2) is a diesel engine cooling liquid cooling loop, and cooling liquid starts from a cooling liquid storage tank (15) and sequentially flows through a cooling liquid pump (11), a diesel engine body (1), a TEG cold end heat exchange plate (12), an ORC preheater (13) and a cooling liquid condenser (14) to flow back to the cooling liquid storage tank (15); wherein the coolant pump (11) is driven by an external front end belt pulley of the diesel engine through belt transmission connection; the TEG cold end heat exchange plate (12) and the TEG hot end heat exchange plate (22) of the exhaust gas flow path (S3) are combined through a thermoelectric generator to form the TEG subsystem (S4); the cooling liquid exchanges heat with ORC working medium of the ORC subsystem (S5) in an ORC preheater (13); the cooling liquid exchanges heat with the seawater of the seawater cooling subsystem (S6) in a cooling liquid condenser (14).
3. The marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system based on thermoelectric power generation and organic rankine cycle according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas flow path (S3) is a diesel engine exhaust gas discharge path, and the diesel engine exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere after passing through a booster turbine (21), a TEG hot end heat exchange plate (22) and an ORC evaporator (23) in sequence.
4. The marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system based on thermoelectric generation and organic Rankine cycle combination according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ORC subsystem (S5) is an organic Rankine cycle loop, and organic working media sequentially pass through an ORC working medium pump (31), an ORC preheater (13), an ORC evaporator (23), an ORC expander (32) and an ORC working medium condenser (33) from an ORC working medium liquid tank (34) and flow back to the ORC working medium liquid tank (34); the ORC working medium pump (31) is a variable frequency pump and is in communication connection with the electric control center (C); the ORC working medium exchanges heat with the cooling liquid of the diesel engine cooling subsystem (S2) in an ORC preheater (13); the ORC working medium exchanges heat with the exhaust gas of the exhaust gas flow path (S3) in an ORC evaporator (23); the ORC expander (32) is coaxially connected with the generator (G); the ORC working medium exchanges heat with the seawater of the seawater cooling subsystem (S6) in an ORC working medium condenser (33).
5. The marine diesel engine waste heat recovery system based on thermoelectric generation and organic rankine cycle combination as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the seawater cooling subsystem (S6) is a cooling flow path of ORC working medium and diesel engine cooling liquid, and consists of a seawater diesel engine cooling branch (401) and a seawater ORC cooling branch (402), seawater is extracted from the ocean by a seawater pump (42), filtered by a seawater filter (41) and flows into a splitter (43), and the seawater is split into the two paths of the seawater diesel engine cooling branch (401) and the seawater ORC cooling branch (402) and then flows back into the ocean through a cooling liquid condenser (14) and an ORC working medium condenser (33) respectively; the sea water pump (42) is a variable frequency pump and is in communication connection with the electric control center (C); the seawater exchanges heat with the cooling liquid of the diesel engine cooling subsystem (S2) in a cooling liquid condenser (14); the seawater is heat exchanged in an ORC condenser (33) with ORC working fluid of the ORC subsystem (S5).
6. A marine diesel engine waste heat recovery method based on thermoelectric generation and organic Rankine cycle is characterized in that:
when the marine diesel engine runs under the stable navigation working condition, the cooling liquid pump is driven by the diesel engine, and the cooling liquid is pressurized and then fed into the water jacket of the diesel engine body; the cooling liquid flows around the water jacket wall and absorbs heat from the water jacket wall to raise the temperature; the cooling liquid flows out of the diesel engine body and then passes through a TEG cold end heat exchange plate to be used as a TEG power generation cold source; then flows through the ORC preheater to directly exchange heat with ORC working medium; then the cooling liquid flows through a cooling liquid condenser, and the cooling liquid is directly subjected to heat exchange with the seawater and is cooled to the temperature required before entering the diesel engine body; finally, the cooling liquid flows into a cooling liquid storage tank to finish cooling liquid circulation;
meanwhile, the exhaust gas of the diesel engine flows out from the exhaust valve and firstly passes through the supercharging turbine, and the supercharging turbine drives the air compressor coaxially connected with the supercharging turbine to work; then flows through a TEG hot end heat exchange plate to serve as a TEG power generation heat source; then flows through an ORC evaporator to directly exchange heat with the ORC working medium, so that the liquid ORC working medium is completely vaporized; finally, the waste gas is discharged to the atmosphere;
the supercharged air compressed by the air compressor is cooled by an intercooler of the diesel engine and then enters a cylinder in the diesel engine body, and the TEG subsystem converts heat energy into electric energy due to the temperature difference between cold and hot ends of cooling liquid and waste gas respectively;
the organic Rankine cycle is driven by an ORC working medium pump, and the ORC working medium pump is controlled by an electric control center in a variable frequency mode; ORC working medium flows through an ORC preheater at first and carries out direct heat exchange with cooling liquid; the preheated ORC working medium enters an ORC evaporator, and is subjected to direct heat exchange with higher-temperature waste gas to absorb waste heat and evaporate into gaseous organic working medium; then the gaseous ORC working medium enters an ORC expander, drives the ORC expander to do work, and finally enables a generator coaxially connected with the ORC expander to rotate, so that heat energy is converted into mechanical energy, and finally is converted into electric energy; the exhaust steam after acting enters an ORC condenser to be cooled into liquid organic working medium and is conveyed to an ORC working medium liquid storage tank, so that the organic Rankine cycle is completed;
the final cooling of the cooling liquid and the ORC working medium is completed by seawater; the seawater cooling subsystem is driven by a seawater pump, and the seawater pump is controlled by an electric control center in a variable frequency manner; the seawater firstly passes through a seawater filter to filter out solid impurities in the seawater; after flowing out of the seawater pump, the seawater flows into a flow divider, the flow divider divides a seawater cooling main path into a seawater diesel engine cooling branch and a seawater ORC cooling branch, one of the branches flows to a cooling liquid condenser for cooling the cooling liquid, and the other branch flows to the ORC condenser for cooling the ORC working medium.
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| CN117308402B (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-02-23 | 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 | Electric heating complementary system with compressed working medium as power source and heat sink |
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