CN111828114B - Brayton cycle power generation system coupled with thermoelectric power generation and operation method - Google Patents
Brayton cycle power generation system coupled with thermoelectric power generation and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111828114B CN111828114B CN202010694901.0A CN202010694901A CN111828114B CN 111828114 B CN111828114 B CN 111828114B CN 202010694901 A CN202010694901 A CN 202010694901A CN 111828114 B CN111828114 B CN 111828114B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/06—Returning energy of steam, in exchanged form, to process, e.g. use of exhaust steam for drying solid fuel or plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
- F01K3/26—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters with heating by steam
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
Abstract
The invention discloses a Brayton cycle power generation system for coupling temperature difference power generation and an operation method thereof, which are mainly applied to the field of novel power cycle power generation such as nuclear power, solar energy and the like. The system comprises a high-temperature heat source, a separation valve, a temperature difference power generation system, a storage battery, a collecting three-way valve, a turbine, a heat regenerator, a cooler and a compressor. The system comprises three operation modes, and the output power of two power generation modules is matched by adjusting the opening of the shunt valve, so that the system can operate according to three modes of temperature difference power generation, Brayton cycle power generation and hybrid power generation under different load requirements, the variable load flexibility of the system is improved, and the full-working-condition self-adaptive operation is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a Brayton cycle system, in particular to a Brayton cycle power generation system for coupling thermoelectric power generation and an operation method.
Background
Compared with the traditional steam Rankine cycle, the Brayton cycle system has the advantages of high cycle efficiency, compact system structure and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of coal-fired power generation, nuclear power, solar photo-thermal power generation and the like. The working medium is subjected to pressure increase by a compressor, high-temperature heat source heating, turbine expansion acting, constant-pressure heat release by a heat regenerator and a cooler, one-time Brayton cycle is completed, and heat energy contained in the high-temperature working medium is converted into mechanical energy. However, in the low-load operation process of the circulation system, the actual flow rate is far smaller than the design flow rate of the system, so that the compressor and the turbine deviate from the design point to work, the efficiency is reduced, the thermal efficiency of the Brayton circulation system is reduced, and the high-efficiency utilization of energy is not facilitated. Under the condition of complex operation, the frequent change of the external demand on the system load puts higher requirements on the flexibility of the circulating system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a Brayton cycle power generation system and a method for operating the same, which aim to solve the problems of low efficiency and flexibility caused by frequent change of system load when a Brayton cycle system operates at low load, and can realize full-working-condition self-adaptive flexible operation under various loads.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a brayton cycle power generation system coupled to thermoelectric power generation, comprising: the system comprises a thermoelectric power generation system 1, a storage battery 2, a compressor 3, a regenerative heater 4, a high-temperature heat source 5, a separation valve 6, a turbine 7, a generator 8, a collecting three-way valve 9 and a cooler 10;
the entry end of separator valve 6 is connected to the exit end of high temperature heat source 5, separator valve 6 separates the high temperature working medium that gets into thermoelectric generation system 1, and carry to the entry end of thermoelectric generation system 1 from the first export 6.1 of separator valve 6, the second entry 9.2 that collects three-way valve 9 is connected to the exit end of thermoelectric generation system 1, the low temperature side of thermoelectric generation system 1 lets in the cooling water cooling, the cooling water flow is opposite with the high temperature working medium flow direction, form the difference in temperature and produce current in thermoelectric generation system 1 inside, the electric energy of production is stored in battery 2.
The second export 6.2 of separating valve 6 connects the entrance point of turbine 7, the exit end of turbine 7 is connected and is catched the first entry 9.1 of three-way valve 9, turbine 7 is used for driving generator 8 and produces the electric energy, it connects the high temperature side entry end of regenerative heater 4 to catch three-way valve 9, regenerative heater 4 is used for retrieving the waste heat of turbine 7 and thermoelectric power generation system 1 discharge working medium, heat compressor 3 export working medium, the high temperature side exit end of regenerative heater 4 connects the entry end of cooler 10, the cooler is used for cooling the working medium, reduce compressor power consumption, the entry end of compressor 3 is connected to the cooler 10 exit end, compressor 3 is used for improving working medium pressure, the entry end of regenerative heater 4 low temperature side is connected to the compressor 3 exit end, the exit end of regenerative heater 4 low temperature side connects the entry end of.
According to the Brayton cycle power generation system for coupling temperature difference power generation, the flow distribution of the working medium among different power generation systems is changed through the flow dividing valve 6, and the system can start different operation modes under different load requirements. The system has three operation modes: under the condition of low load demand, a small amount of circulating working medium is heated by using a high-temperature heat source 5, a Brayton cycle turbine 7 and a regenerative heater 4 are stopped, and a small amount of electric energy is output by using a thermoelectric power generation system 1; secondly, under the condition of medium and high load demand, the Brayton cycle is independently started, and the working medium is utilized to push the turbine 7 to drive the generator 8 to generate electricity; when the load demand is changed, the temperature difference power generation system 1 and the Brayton cycle system are started to generate power, when the load demand fluctuates, the flow of the working medium flowing into the temperature difference power generation system 1 is changed by changing the opening degree of the flow dividing valve 6, and the rapid change of the cycle power is realized by utilizing the rapid response characteristic of the temperature difference power generation.
The system flexibly switches three operation modes of temperature difference power generation and Brayton cycle power generation, and realizes the self-adaption flexible operation of the system under all working conditions; under the condition of low load demand, the system is maintained in the operation mode I, the flow divider valve 6 only opens the first outlet 6.1, and the high-temperature working medium is controlled to flow into the temperature difference power generation system 1 for power generation; when the load demand rises and the output power of the thermoelectric generation cannot meet the external demand, a second outlet 6.2 of the flow dividing valve 6 is opened to control the high-temperature working medium to flow into the turbine 7 to drive the generator 8 to generate electricity; after the outside meets the requirement stably, the first outlet 6.1 of the flow divider 6 is gradually closed, the second outlet 6.2 of the flow divider 6 is opened, the flow of the working medium flowing into the thermoelectric power generation system 1 is transferred to the Brayton cycle loop where the turbine 7 is located, and the system can be maintained in the operation mode (II), so that the generator 8 bears the outside stable load. Partially opening the opening degree of the first outlet 6.1 of the flow divider 6 to maintain certain output of the thermoelectric generation, maintaining the system in a running mode (III), and quickly increasing the output power of the thermoelectric generation by opening the opening degree of the first outlet 6.1 of the flow divider 6 when the system has a load increase demand; when the system has the load reduction demand, the output power of thermoelectric generation can be rapidly reduced by reducing the opening degree of the first outlet 6.1 of the flow divider 6, and the variable load system can be rapidly and flexibly adjusted.
The semiconductor temperature difference power generation system utilizes the Seebeck effect, utilizes the temperature difference to directly generate electromotive force in a semiconductor, converts heat energy into electric energy, has the remarkable advantages of simple structure, small device size, high response speed and the like, and is suitable for a miniaturized mobile power generation system. The thermoelectric power generation and the Brayton cycle system are combined to construct a composite cycle system with multiple modes of power generation, so that the flexibility of the cycle system is improved, and the full-working-condition self-adaptive operation of the system is realized. The invention brings the following benefits:
(1) according to the Brayton cycle power generation system for coupling temperature difference power generation, two power generation modules are combined, three operation modes can be switched according to different load requirements, and full-working-condition self-adaptive power generation is realized;
(2) the system can also improve the response speed of the system to the load change and enhance the flexibility of the system by flexibly switching the three power generation modes under the condition that the external load requirement changes frequently;
(3) the system has the advantages of strong adaptability and compact structure, can be suitable for occasions with various heat sources and working media, and can be used as a mobile power supply system for supplying power.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Brayton cycle power generation system coupled with a temperature differential technology.
In the figure: the system comprises a thermoelectric power generation system 1, a storage battery 2, a compressor 3, a regenerative heater 4, a high-temperature heat source 5, a separation valve 6, a Brayton cycle turbine 7, a generator 8, a collecting three-way valve 9 and a cooler 10.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment of the present invention will be described, wherein a brayton cycle power generation system for coupling thermoelectric power generation according to the present embodiment includes: the system comprises a thermoelectric power generation system 1, a storage battery 2, a compressor 3, a regenerative heater 4, a high-temperature heat source 5, a separation valve 6, a turbine 7, a generator 8, a collecting three-way valve 9 and a cooler 10;
the outlet end of the high-temperature heat source 5 is connected with the inlet end of the separation valve 6, the separation valve 6 separates high-temperature working media entering the temperature difference power generation system 1 and transmits the high-temperature working media to the inlet end of the temperature difference power generation system 1 from the first outlet 6.1 of the separation valve 6, the outlet end of the temperature difference power generation system 1 is connected with the second inlet 9.2 of the converging three-way valve 9, cooling water is introduced into the low-temperature side of the temperature difference power generation system 1 and cooled, the cooling water flows in the direction opposite to the flow direction of the high-temperature working media, temperature difference is formed inside the temperature difference power generation system 1 and;
the second export 6.2 of separating valve 6 connects the entrance point of turbine 7, the exit end of turbine 7 is connected and is catched the first entry 9.1 of three-way valve 9, turbine 7 is used for driving generator 8 and produces the electric energy, it connects the high temperature side entry end of regenerative heater 4 to catch three-way valve 9, regenerative heater 4 is used for retrieving the waste heat of turbine 7 and thermoelectric power generation system 1 discharge working medium, heat compressor 3 export working medium, the high temperature side exit end of regenerative heater 4 connects the entry end of cooler 10, the cooler is used for cooling the working medium, reduce compressor power consumption, the entry end of compressor 3 is connected to the cooler 10 exit end, compressor 3 is used for improving working medium pressure, the entry end of regenerative heater 4 low temperature side is connected to the compressor 3 exit end, the exit end of regenerative heater 4 low temperature side connects the entry end of.
The working medium collected at the outlet of the three-way valve 9 is divided into two parts at the position of the separation valve 6 after heat removal at the high-temperature side of the regenerative heater 4, cooling by the cooler 10, compression by the compressor 3, heating at the low-temperature side of the regenerative heater 4 and heating by the high-temperature heat source 5.
According to the Brayton cycle power generation system for coupling temperature difference power generation, the flow distribution of the working medium among different power generation systems is changed through the flow dividing valve 6, and the system can start different operation modes under different load requirements. The system of the invention has three operation modes: under the condition of low load demand, a small amount of circulating working medium is heated by using a high-temperature heat source 5, a Brayton cycle turbine 7 and a regenerative heater 4 are stopped, and a small amount of electric energy is output by using a thermoelectric power generation system 1; secondly, under the condition of medium and high load demand, the Brayton cycle is independently started, and the working medium is utilized to push the turbine 7 to drive the generator 8 to generate electricity; when the load demand is changed, the temperature difference power generation system 1 and the Brayton cycle system are started to generate power, when the load demand fluctuates, the flow of the working medium flowing into the temperature difference power generation system 1 is changed by changing the opening degree of the flow dividing valve 6, and the rapid change of the cycle power is realized by utilizing the rapid response characteristic of the temperature difference power generation.
The system flexibly switches three operation modes of temperature difference power generation and Brayton cycle power generation, and realizes the self-adaption and flexible operation of the system under all working conditions. Under the condition of low load demand, the system is maintained in the operation mode I, the flow divider valve 6 only opens the first outlet 6.1, and the high-temperature working medium is controlled to flow into the temperature difference power generation system 1 for power generation; when the load demand rises and the output power of the thermoelectric generation cannot meet the external demand, a second outlet 6.2 of the flow dividing valve 6 is opened to control the high-temperature working medium to flow into the turbine 7 to drive the generator 8 to generate electricity; after the outside meets the requirement stably, the first outlet 6.1 of the flow divider 6 is gradually closed, the second outlet 6.2 of the flow divider 6 is opened, the flow of the working medium flowing into the thermoelectric power generation system 1 is transferred to the Brayton cycle loop where the turbine 7 is located, and the system can be maintained in the operation mode (II), so that the generator 8 bears the outside stable load. Partially opening the opening degree of the first outlet 6.1 of the flow divider 6, maintaining a certain output of the thermoelectric power generation system 1, and maintaining the system in an operation mode (III), wherein when the system has a load increasing demand, the output power of the thermoelectric power generation system 1 can be rapidly increased by opening the opening degree of the first outlet 6.1 of the flow divider 6; when the system has the load reduction demand, the output power of thermoelectric generation can be rapidly reduced by reducing the opening degree of the first outlet 6.1 of the flow divider 6, and the variable load system can be rapidly and flexibly adjusted.
Claims (1)
1. A method for operating a Brayton cycle power generation system coupled with thermoelectric power generation comprises the thermoelectric power generation system (1), a storage battery (2), a compressor (3), a regenerative heater (4), a high-temperature heat source (5), a flow dividing valve (6), a turbine (7), a power generator (8), a collecting three-way valve (9) and a cooler (10);
the outlet end of the high-temperature heat source (5) is connected with the inlet end of the flow divider valve (6), the flow divider valve (6) separates out the high-temperature working medium entering the thermoelectric power generation system (1) and sends the high-temperature working medium to the inlet end of the thermoelectric power generation system (1) from the first outlet (6.1) of the flow divider valve (6), the outlet end of the thermoelectric power generation system (1) is connected with the second inlet (9.2) of the collecting three-way valve (9), the low-temperature side of the thermoelectric power generation system (1) is introduced with cooling water for cooling, the cooling water flows in the direction opposite to that of the high-temperature working medium, temperature difference is formed inside the thermoelectric power generation system (1) and generates current, and the generated;
a second outlet (6.2) of the flow divider valve (6) is connected with an inlet end of a turbine (7), an outlet end of the turbine (7) is connected with a first inlet (9.1) of a collecting three-way valve (9), the turbine (7) is used for driving a generator (8) to generate electric energy, an outlet of the collecting three-way valve (9) is connected with an inlet end of a high-temperature side of a regenerative heater (4), the regenerative heater (4) is used for recovering waste heat of working media discharged by the turbine (7) and the temperature difference power generation system (1) and heating working media at an outlet of the compressor (3), an outlet end of the high-temperature side of the regenerative heater (4) is connected with an inlet end of a cooler (10), the cooler is used for cooling the working media and reducing power consumption of the compressor, an outlet end of the cooler (10) is connected with an inlet end of the compressor (3), the compressor (3) is used for increasing pressure of the working media, an outlet end of the compressor (3);
the thermoelectric power generation system (1) adopts a semiconductor thermoelectric power generation system, the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation system utilizes the Seebeck effect and utilizes temperature difference to directly generate electromotive force in a semiconductor, heat energy is converted into electric energy, and the thermoelectric power generation system has the advantage of quick response;
the method is characterized in that: the operation method of the Brayton cycle power generation system for coupling the thermoelectric power generation further comprises three operation modes: under the condition of low load demand, a high-temperature heat source (5) is used for heating a small amount of circulating working medium, a Brayton cycle turbine (7) and a regenerative heater (4) are stopped, and a temperature difference power generation system (1) is used for outputting a small amount of electric energy; secondly, under the condition of medium and high load demand, the Brayton cycle is independently started, and the working medium is utilized to push the turbine (7) to drive the generator (8) to generate electricity; when the load demand is changed, the opening degree of the flow dividing valve (6) is changed to change the flow of the working medium flowing into the temperature difference power generation system (1), and the rapid change of the circulating power is realized by utilizing the rapid response characteristic of the temperature difference power generation system (1);
the system can flexibly operate in a self-adaptive and flexible mode under all working conditions by flexibly switching three operation modes of temperature difference power generation and Brayton cycle power generation; under the condition of low load demand, the system is maintained in the operation mode I, the flow divider valve (6) only opens the first outlet (6.1) and controls the high-temperature working medium to flow into the temperature difference power generation system (1) for power generation; when the load demand rises and the output power of the temperature difference power generation system cannot meet the external demand, a second outlet (6.2) of the flow dividing valve (6) is opened to control the high-temperature working medium to flow into the turbine (7) to drive the generator (8) to generate power; when the external load requirement is stable, gradually closing a first outlet (6.1) of the flow divider valve (6), further increasing the opening degree of a second outlet (6.2) of the flow divider valve (6), transferring the flow of the working medium flowing into the thermoelectric power generation system (1) to a Brayton cycle loop where a turbine (7) is located, and maintaining the system in a running mode (II) to enable a generator (8) to bear the external stable load; partially opening the opening degree of a first outlet (6.1) of a flow divider valve (6), maintaining a certain output of the thermoelectric power generation system (1), maintaining the system in a running mode (III), and rapidly increasing the output power of the thermoelectric power generation system (1) by opening the opening degree of the first outlet (6.1) of the flow divider valve (6) when the system has a load increasing demand; when the system has a load reduction demand, the output power of the temperature difference power generation system (1) is rapidly reduced by reducing the opening degree of the first outlet (6.1) of the flow divider valve (6), and the variable load system is rapidly and flexibly adjusted.
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| CN113217311B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-08-05 | 华北电力大学 | Photo-thermal power generation system and method based on day and night temperature difference |
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