CN109266883A - A kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109266883A CN109266883A CN201811081648.0A CN201811081648A CN109266883A CN 109266883 A CN109266883 A CN 109266883A CN 201811081648 A CN201811081648 A CN 201811081648A CN 109266883 A CN109266883 A CN 109266883A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material, specifically: Cu block, Cr, Mg item and Cu-Zr intermediate alloy obtain Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg aluminium alloy by induction melting in graphite crucible is sequentially placed into；Aluminium alloy is cast in thin diameter copper mould and is quickly cooled down, Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material is obtained；Bar is dissolved, aging strengthening model, it is machined to get arrive Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material finished product.The present invention in traditional Cu-Cr alloy by introducing Zr element and Mg element, the Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy for adjusting the additional amount of alloying element and being prepared using thin diameter copper mould casting cooling method, has the characteristics that even tissue, crystal grain be tiny and reduced in segregation.Through solid solution, ageing treatment disperse, tiny Second Phase Particle are precipitated from Copper substrate again, intensity, the conductivity of alloy are significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to copper alloy preparation technical fields, are related to a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material.
Background technique
CuCr alloy belongs to typical ageing strengthening copper alloy, the excellent high-strength highly-conductive performance having.Thus, electrical
Changing in the engineerings such as railway contact wire, electrical engineering switches conductive contact, large-scale integrated circuit lead frame has comparison wide
General application.But the high temperature resistance of the alloy is poor, generallys use the method for alloying to improve its performance, by Cu base
Appropriate alloying element is added in body, is handled using corresponding schedule of reinforcement, to obtain the copper that high-strength high-conductivity has both
Alloy.Most effective one addition element is Zr and Mg.Studies have shown that the effect of Zr predominantly refines and homogenization precipitated phase.
The addition of Mg has certain refining effect to the precipitated phase of Cr, and alloy rigidity after timeliness is made to get a promotion, meanwhile, Mg can also be effective
It prevents Zr from aoxidizing, plays the role of deoxidier, crystal boundary is made to obtain certain purification.So as to improve the high-temperature behavior of alloy, also make
The dispersion-strengthened effect of alloy enhances, and does not drop low-alloyed conductive, heating conduction.
Alloying element can be increased substantially using thin diameter copper mould casting chilling technique preparation Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy to exist
Solid solubility in Copper substrate, while the cooling velocity of alloy can be accelerated, to improve degree of supercooling, reach the mesh of refinement crystal grain
, so that alloy is obtained higher performance after fixation rates.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material, to obtain high-strength highly-conductive
Copper alloy bar.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material, specifically by following
Step is implemented:
Step 1, melting:
Cu block, Cr, Mg item and Cu-Zr intermediate alloy are placed in crucible, in the induction melting for being connected with argon gas protection
Melting is carried out in furnace, obtains Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg aluminium alloy；
Step 2, thin diameter copper mould casting, cooling:
The Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg aluminium alloy that step 1 is obtained is poured in thin diameter copper mould, is cooling, obtains Cu-Cr-Zr-
Mg alloy bar material；
Step 3, it is heat-treated:
The Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material that step 2 obtains is put into heat-treatment furnace be dissolved, aging strengthening model, warp
It is machined to get Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material finished product is arrived.
The features of the present invention also characterized in that
Zr content is 10~30wt%, surplus Cu in Cu-Zr intermediate alloy in step 1.
Cr-Zr intermediate alloy is obtained with Zr through vacuum arc melting using Cu block in step 1.
Cu block, Cr, Mg item and Cu-Zr intermediate alloy are placed sequentially in crucible by sequence from bottom to top in step 1.
Vaccum sensitive stove is controlled in the fusion process of step 1 is evacuated down to 2 × 10-4Pa or more is passed through argon gas protection.
The temperature control mode of step 1 fusion process are as follows: alloy is rapidly heated to 1000~1100 DEG C first, heat preservation 2
~5min, then be to slowly warm up to 1300~1600 DEG C keeps the temperature 15~30min, is then cooled to 1150~1350 DEG C, and heat preservation 5~
8min。
The outer diameter of thin diameter graphite mold is 80~130mm in step 2, and internal diameter is 3~13mm.
Solid solution temperature is 900~1030 DEG C in step 3, and soaking time is 0.5~1.5 hour, water quenching.
Aging temperature is 420~550 DEG C in step 3, and soaking time is 2.5~5.5 hours.
Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material each element content obtained is according to mass percent are as follows: Cr content be 0.5%~
1.5%, Zr content are that 0.1~0.8%, Mg content is 0.05~0.15%, surplus Cu, the sum of above element mass percent
It is 100%.
The invention has the advantages that the present invention prepares Cu-Cr-Zr- by using thin diameter copper mould casting cooling method
Mg alloy bar material improves the cooling rate of alloy, so that the tissue of alloy is refined, while alloying element is substantially improved
The solid solubility of Cr, Zr and Mg in Cu matrix.Through fixation rates from Copper substrate diffusion-precipitation, the second tiny phase
Grain, significantly improves the hardness of alloy, conductivity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of preparation method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the thin diameter copper mould structural schematic diagram that the present invention uses；
Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure photo of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy under the different types of cooling, and wherein a is after furnace cooling
Metallographic structure, b are the method for the present invention metallographic structure after cooling；
Fig. 4 is present invention preparation Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy aging state SEM photograph and EDS energy spectrum analysis figure, and wherein a is analysis
Phase SEM photograph out, b are the EDS energy spectrum analysis figure of target point in photo.
Specific embodiment
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material, process is as shown in Figure 1, specifically press
Following steps are implemented:
Step 1, the preparation of Cu-Zr intermediate alloy
Weighed Cu block is put into and fills 5~15min of cleaning in spirituous ultrasonic oscillator, drying；Then by it
With weighed Zr loading graphite crucible, it is placed in vacuum arc melting furnace, is evacuated down to 2 × 10-3Pa or more is passed through argon
Gas shielded controls melting electric current in 150~250A, melt back 2~4 times, obtains Cu- (10~30) wt%Zr intermediate alloy.
Step 2, prepared by Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material
It is 0.5~1.5%, Zr content according to Cr content in Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material is 0.1~0.8%, Mg content
It is 0.05~0.15%, remaining is the requirement of Cu (content refers to mass percent), will calculate load weighted Cu block, Cr, Mg item
It with Cu-Zr intermediate alloy, is placed sequentially in graphite crucible from bottom to top, is evacuated down to 2 × 10-4Pa or more, being filled with argon gas is
Protective gas.Alloy is rapidly heated to 1000~1100 DEG C first, keeps the temperature 2~5min, then be to slowly warm up to 1300~1600
DEG C, 15~30min is kept the temperature, is then cooled to 1150~1350 DEG C, 5~8min is kept the temperature, obtains aluminium alloy.Aluminium alloy is poured into
Lower section outer diameter is 80~130mm, and internal diameter is to obtain Copper alloy bar in the copper mould (shape of mold is as shown in Figure 2) of 3~13mm
Material.
Step 3, the heat treatment of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material
Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material obtained in step 2 is put into heat-treatment furnace be dissolved, aging strengthening model,
Obtain Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material finished product.Solid solution temperature is 900~1030 DEG C, and soaking time is 0.5~1.5 small
When, water quenching；Aging temperature is 420~550 DEG C, and soaking time is 2.5~5.5 hours.
The present invention is obtained by introducing Zr and Mg element in conjunction with copper mould casting Quench in Cu-Cr alloy basis
Higher cooling velocity, the Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy of available high-strength highly-conductive.On the one hand, the addition of Mg and Zr theoretically can be with
Superposition effect is generated, plays the role of precipitation strength, has slowed down the precipitation of precipitated phase and reduced the coherency around precipitated phase
Stress, to promote the intensity of alloy；On the other hand, it is quickly solidified using copper mold and obtains tiny primary phase, it is strong to play fine grain
While change acts on, biggish cooling velocity is dissolved into more alloying elements in matrix, in subsequent ag(e)ing process
Diffusion-precipitation, tiny hardening constituent particle, achieve the purpose that dispersion-strengtherning.In summary two aspect prepares Cu- using the present invention
Cr-Zr-Mg alloy can achieve the purpose for improving alloy conductive, intensity.
Embodiment 1
Weighed Cu block is put into vacuum arc melting furnace with Zr, is evacuated down to 2 × 10-3More than, it is passed through argon gas
It protects, electric current should be controlled at 150 amperes in fusion process, melt back 4 times, obtain Cu-10wt%Zr intermediate alloy.Prepare mesh
The alloy that ingredient is Cu-0.5Cr-0.2Zr-0.05Mg is marked, load weighted Cu block, Cr, conjunction among Mg item and Cu-Zr will be calculated
Gold is sequentially placed into graphite crucible by sequence from bottom to top, is evacuated down to 2 × 10-4Pa or more, being filled with argon gas is protective gas.
Alloy is rapidly heated to 1000 DEG C first, keeps the temperature 2min, then be warming up to 1300 DEG C, 15min is kept the temperature, is then cooled to 1150
DEG C, keep the temperature 5min.It is 80mm that aluminium alloy is slowly poured into lower section outer diameter, and internal diameter is to obtain Cu-Cr- in the copper mould of 3mm
Zr-Mg alloy bar material.Alloy bar material obtained is put into heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated, solid solubility temperature is 900 DEG C, and the time is
1.5h, water quenching；Aging temp is 420 DEG C, time 5h.It is machined to get arrive Cu-0.5Cr-0.2Zr-0.05Mg alloy
Rod product.
Embodiment 2
Weighed Cu block is put into vacuum arc melting furnace with Zr, is evacuated down to 2 × 10-3Pa or more is passed through argon
Gas shielded should control electric current at 180 amperes in fusion process, melt back 3 times, obtain Cu-15wt%Zr intermediate alloy.Preparation
Target component is the alloy of Cu-1.0Cr-0.4Zr-0.08Mg, will calculate load weighted Cu block, Cr, among Mg item and Cu-Zr
Alloy is sequentially placed into graphite crucible by sequence from bottom to top, is evacuated down to 2 × 10-4Pa or more is filled with argon gas as protection gas
Body.Alloy is rapidly heated to 1020 DEG C first, keeps the temperature 3min, then be to slowly warm up to 1350 DEG C, 18min is kept the temperature, then cools down
To 1200 DEG C, 6min is kept the temperature.Aluminium alloy is poured into lower section outer diameter with first slow rear fast speed as 90mm, internal diameter is the stone of 8mm
In black mold, Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material is obtained.Alloy bar material obtained is put into heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated, Gu
Solubility temperature is 920 DEG C, time 1.2h, water quenching；Aging temp is 440 DEG C, time 4.5h.It is machined to get arrive Cu-
1.0Cr-0.4Zr-0.08Mg alloy bar material finished product.
Embodiment 3
Weighed Cu block is put into vacuum arc melting furnace with Zr, is evacuated down to 2 × 10-3Pa or more is passed through argon
Gas shielded should control electric current at 200 amperes in fusion process, melt back 3 times, obtain Cu-20wt%Zr intermediate alloy.Preparation
Target component is the alloy of Cu-1.2Cr-0.1Zr-0.15Mg, will calculate load weighted Cu block, Cr, among Mg item and Cu-Zr
Alloy is sequentially placed into graphite crucible by sequence from bottom to top, is evacuated down to 2 × 10-4Pa or more is filled with argon gas as protection gas
Body.Alloy is rapidly heated to 1050 DEG C first, keeps the temperature 4min, then be to slowly warm up to 1400 DEG C, 20min is kept the temperature, then cools down
To 1250 DEG C, 5min is kept the temperature.By aluminium alloy with speed first quick and back slow with furnace be poured into lower section outer diameter for 100mm, internal diameter 9mm
Copper mould in, obtain Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material.Alloy bar material obtained is put into heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated,
Solid solubility temperature is 940 DEG C, time 1h, water quenching；Aging temp is 460 DEG C, time 4h.It is machined to get arrive Cu-
1.2Cr-0.1Zr-0.15Mg alloy bar material finished product.
Embodiment 4
Weighed Cu block is put into vacuum arc melting furnace with Zr, is evacuated down to 2 × 10-3Pa or more is passed through argon
Gas shielded should control electric current at 220 amperes in fusion process, melt back 2 times, obtain Cu-25wt%Zr intermediate alloy.Preparation
Target component is the alloy of Cu-0.9Cr-0.8Zr-0.12Mg, will calculate load weighted Cu block, Cr, among Mg item and Cu-Zr
Alloy is sequentially placed into graphite crucible by sequence from bottom to top, is evacuated down to 2 × 10-4Pa or more is filled with argon gas as protection gas
Body.Alloy is rapidly heated to 1100 DEG C first, keeps the temperature 5min, then be to slowly warm up to 1450 DEG C, 30min is kept the temperature, then cools down
To 1300 DEG C, 8min is kept the temperature.It is 110mm that aluminium alloy, which is rapidly poured into lower section outer diameter with furnace, and internal diameter is the graphite mo(u)ld of 10mm
In tool, Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material is obtained.Alloy bar material obtained is put into heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated, solid solution temperature
Degree is 960 DEG C, time 0.8h, water quenching；Aging temp is 480 DEG C, time 3.5h.It is machined to get arrive Cu-
0.9Cr-0.8Zr-0.12Mg alloy bar material finished product.
Embodiment 5
Weighed Cu block and Zr are put into vacuum arc melting furnace, are evacuated down to 2 × 10-3Pa or more is passed through argon
Gas shielded should control electric current at 200 amperes in fusion process, melt back 3 times, obtain Cu-30wt%Zr intermediate alloy.Preparation
Target component is the alloy of Cu-1.5Cr-0.5Zr-0.1Mg, will calculate load weighted Cu block, Cr, among Mg item and Cu-Zr
Alloy is sequentially placed into graphite crucible by sequence from bottom to top, is evacuated down to 2 × 10-4Pa or more is filled with argon gas as protection
Gas.Alloy is rapidly heated to 1070 DEG C first, keeps the temperature 3min, then be warming up to 1600 DEG C, 24min is kept the temperature, is then cooled to
1350 DEG C, keep the temperature 3min.By aluminium alloy slowly with furnace be poured into lower section outer diameter be 130mm, internal diameter be 13mm copper mould in,
Obtain Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material.Alloy bar material obtained is put into heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated, solid solubility temperature is
980 DEG C, time 0.5h, water quenching；Aging temp is 500 DEG C, time 3h.It is machined to get arrive Cu-1.5Cr-
0.5Zr-0.1Mg alloy bar material finished product.
The present invention is joined by changing additive amount, smelting temperature, poring rate, die size and the heat treatment of alloying element
Number, prepares the Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy of high-strength highly-conductive.
Fig. 3 is shown using furnace cooling (a) and cooling (b) the Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy obtained of thin diameter copper mould
Tissue contrast's figure under 200 times of light microscopics, it can be seen from the figure that compared to the texture of coarse crystal that furnace cooling obtains, using thin
Diameter copper mould cooling method has higher cooling velocity, has significantly refined grain structure, while the segregation of alloying element
Also improved, so that eutectic alpha region significantly reduces, alloy structure is more uniform.
Fig. 4 show present invention preparation Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy aging state SEM photograph (figure a) and EDS energy spectrum analysis figure
(figure b), can be seen that by Fig. 4 a through Wetted constructures, alloying element is precipitated from supersaturated solid solution, the shape on Copper substrate
At the precipitated phase of Dispersed precipitate；As shown in Figure 4 b, EDS energy spectrum analysis is carried out by the precipitated phase to arrow meaning in Fig. 4 a, it can
To determine that it is a kind of quaternary compound that Cu, Cr, Zr and Mg are formed, analysis knows that it is CrCu2(ZrMg).Due to the second phase
CrCu2(ZrMg) presence plays significant dispersion-strengthened effect to alloy, and it is strong also just significantly to improve alloy
Degree.Traditional preparation methods are compared, are promoted using Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy property prepared by method of the invention significant.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material, which is characterized in that specifically implement according to the following steps:
Step 1, melting:
Cu block, Cr, Mg item and Cu-Zr intermediate alloy are placed in crucible, in the induction melting furnace for being connected with argon gas protection
Melting is carried out, Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg aluminium alloy is obtained；
Step 2, thin diameter copper mould casting, cooling:
The Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg aluminium alloy that step 1 is obtained is poured in thin diameter copper mould, is cooling, obtains Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg conjunction
Golden bar；
Step 3, it is heat-treated:
The Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material that step 2 obtains is put into heat-treatment furnace be dissolved, aging strengthening model, through machinery
It processes to get Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material finished product is arrived.
2. a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Zr content is 10~30wt%, surplus Cu in Cu-Zr intermediate alloy in rapid 1.
3. a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described
Cr-Zr intermediate alloy is obtained with Zr through vacuum arc melting using Cu block in step 1.
4. a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Cu block, Cr, Mg item and Cu-Zr intermediate alloy are placed sequentially in crucible by sequence from bottom to top in rapid 1.
5. a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Vaccum sensitive stove is controlled in rapid 1 fusion process is evacuated down to 2 × 10-4Pa or more is passed through argon gas protection.
6. a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that described
The temperature control mode of step 1 fusion process are as follows: alloy is rapidly heated to 1000~1100 DEG C first, keeps the temperature 2~5min, then
1300~1600 DEG C are to slowly warm up to, 15~30min is kept the temperature, is then cooled to 1150~1350 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5~8min.
7. a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
The outer diameter of thin diameter graphite mold is 80~130mm in rapid 2, and internal diameter is 3~13mm.
8. a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Solid solution temperature is 900~1030 DEG C in rapid 3, and soaking time is 0.5~1.5 hour, water quenching.
9. a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Aging temperature is 420~550 DEG C in rapid 3, and soaking time is 2.5~5.5 hours.
10. a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the system
The Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material each element content obtained is according to mass percent are as follows: Cr content is 0.5%~1.5%, Zr content
It is 0.05~0.15% for 0.1~0.8%, Mg content, surplus Cu, the sum of above element mass percent is 100%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110373568A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-25 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of cold deformation strengthening Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy |
| CN112126804A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-12-25 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing copper-chromium-niobium alloy bar by cooling copper die and direct aging |
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| CN107586977A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-01-16 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of copper alloy with high strength and high conductivity bar |
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| CN110373568A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-25 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of cold deformation strengthening Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy |
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