CN104232955A - Preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104232955A CN104232955A CN201410494100.4A CN201410494100A CN104232955A CN 104232955 A CN104232955 A CN 104232955A CN 201410494100 A CN201410494100 A CN 201410494100A CN 104232955 A CN104232955 A CN 104232955A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a Cu-Cr-FeC composite material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mechanically mixing Cu powder with Cr powder and FeC powder, prepressing the mixed powder to form a blank, conducting vacuum induction melting on the blank, and carrying out aging treatment on the melted blank to obtain the Cu-Cr-FeC composite material. The preparation method of the Cu-Cr-FeC composite material is to add chromium and carbon-containing iron powder with different amounts during the copper-based composite material preparation process, carry out the vacuum induction melting method to homogenize the molten alloy to be not in segregation, and increase the degassing speed to homogenize the smelted alloy, so that the gas content is low, the copper-based composite material is reinforced in phase change and precipitation, and the strength and the conductivity of the Cu-Cr-FeC composite material can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of composite preparation, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material.
Background technology
Cu-base composites is the new function material that a class has excellent comprehensive performance, has both had excellent electroconductibility, has again high intensity and superior high-temperature behavior.The matter of utmost importance that runs into of exploitation copper-based material is the contradiction that the electroconductibility of material and intensity are difficult to take into account, and namely then intensity is low for electric conductivity height, and the raising of intensity loses specific conductivity for cost.And Cu-Fe composite material can by these 2 maximizing performance under the basis that cost is not high.
Chromiumcopper take Cu as matrix, add the nonmetal oxide that chromium and other trace elements are generated by series of chemical, because it has higher intensity and hardness and good electroconductibility, require that the field of high-strength highly-conductive has a wide range of applications in the industry.
Vacuum induction melting (Vacuum induction melting is called for short VIM) is a kind of smithcraft processing procedure utilizing electromagnetic inductive heating principle to carry out smelting metal under vacuum.Can eddy current be produced in electromagnetic induction process, make melting of metal.This processing procedure is when melting copper based composites, and can make Cu-base composites while the electroconductibility that maintenance is good, alloy strength obtains more effective raising, and improves wear-resisting, the corrosion resistance nature of material.
In order to the electroconductibility and intensity that make copper iron composite material have certain breakthrough, the present invention, by after Cu powder, Cr powder, the mixing of FeC powder, adopts vacuum induction melting method to prepare Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material, the Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material prepared has higher intensity and conductivity.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material, form blank by after Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder mechanically mixing through presuppression, blank through Wetted constructures, namely obtains Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material after vacuum induction melting.
Feature of the present invention is also,
Mechanically mixing is loaded in ball grinder Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder, adds abrading-ball, mix powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min by 20 ~ 40 times of powder total mass.
The mass ratio of FeC powder and Cu powder is 12 ~ 32:68 ~ 88, and the quality of Cr powder is 0.8% of FeC powder and Cu powder total mass.
Presuppression be by mechanically mixing after powder sieve after suppressed by cold stamping die, pressing pressure 10 ~ 300KN, pressurize 30 ~ 120 seconds forms blank.
Vacuum induction melting is contained in high purity graphite crucible by the blank that presuppression is formed, and then put in vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuum tightness reaches 10
-1~ 10
-3after Pa, in induction melting furnace, pass into pressure in Ar gas to stove reach 0.05 ~ 0.08Mpa, start electric current to the 30 ~ 40A strengthened on coil gradually, until metal melt, 3 ~ 5min is incubated under this electric current, make it stir, then the electric current on coil is dropped to 0.0A, after finally filling Ar gas to 0.1Mpa, take out cooling fast.
Aging temperature is 250 ~ 450 DEG C, insulation 2 ~ 6h.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material of the present invention, by adding the carbon containing iron powder of chromium and different amount in the process preparing Cu-base composites, vacuum induction melting makes melted alloy evenly and not produce segregation, and can also degassing rate be accelerated, make the alloy of melting even, gas content is few, make Cu-base composites undergo phase transition strengthening and precipitation strength, improve its intensity and conductivity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the specific conductivity of the Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material prepared of the present invention under different FeC content and hardness curve;
Fig. 2 is Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material metallographic structure prepared by the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the martensitic stucture figure of phase transformation strengthening in the Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material prepared of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material of the present invention, form blank by after Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder mechanically mixing through presuppression, blank through Wetted constructures, namely obtains Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material after vacuum induction melting.
Specifically implement according to following steps:
Step 1, takes Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder respectively, and the mass ratio of FeC powder and Cu powder is 12 ~ 32:68 ~ 88, the quality of Cr powder is 0.8% of FeC powder and Cu powder total mass, proceed in ball grinder, add abrading-ball by 20 ~ 40 times of powder total mass, mix powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min;
Step 2, is suppressed by cold stamping die after being sieved by the powder after step 1 mechanically mixing, pressing pressure 10 ~ 300KN, and pressurize forms blank in 30 ~ 120 seconds;
Step 3, be contained in high purity graphite crucible by the blank that step 2 presuppression is formed, then put in vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuum tightness reaches 10
-1~ 10
-3after Pa, in induction melting furnace, pass into pressure in Ar gas to stove reach 0.05 ~ 0.08Mpa, start electric current to the 30 ~ 40A strengthened on coil gradually, until metal melt, 3 ~ 5min is incubated under this electric current, make it stir, then the electric current on coil is dropped to 0.0A, after finally filling Ar gas to 0.1Mpa, take out cooling fast;
Step 4, by the blank after step 3 vacuum induction melting through Wetted constructures, in order to separate out chromium in ageing process, but can not make martensite or bainite structure tissue that phase in version occurs, so aging technique is 250-450 DEG C of insulation 2-6h.
The preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material of the present invention, by adding the carbon containing iron powder of chromium and different amount in the process preparing Cu-base composites, vacuum induction melting makes melted alloy evenly and not produce segregation, and can also degassing rate be accelerated, make the alloy of melting even, gas content is few, makes Cu-base composites undergo phase transition strengthening and precipitation strength, its tensile strength can reach more than 600Mpa, and intensity and conductivity also significantly improve.
Fig. 1 is the specific conductivity of the Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material prepared of the present invention under different FeC content and hardness curve, in Fig. 1 hardness curve upper, conductance profile under, two curves comprise Cu-Cr-FeC Electrical Conductivity of Composites and the hardness value of 4 kinds of different FeC content in embodiment;
Fig. 2 is Cu-Cr-FeC microstructure of composite figure prepared by the present invention, and the phase-change organization of black is distributed in the Copper substrate of white, plays strengthening effect;
Fig. 3 is the magnification at high multiple tissue of Fig. 2, and what can see strip in Fig. 3 is martensitic stucture mutually, and this have higher hardness and intensity mutually.
Embodiment 1
Step 1, takes Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder respectively, and the mass ratio of FeC powder and Cu powder is 12:88, the quality of Cr powder is 0.8% of FeC powder and Cu powder total mass, proceed in ball grinder, add abrading-ball by 20 times of powder total mass, mix powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min;
Step 2, is suppressed by cold stamping die after being sieved by the powder after step 1 mechanically mixing, pressing pressure 10KN, and pressurize forms blank in 30 seconds;
Step 3, be contained in high purity graphite crucible by the blank that step 2 presuppression is formed, then put in vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuum tightness reaches 10
-3after Pa, in induction melting furnace, pass into pressure in Ar gas to stove reach 0.05Mpa, start to strengthen electric current on coil gradually to 30A, until metal melt, 3min is incubated under this electric current, make it stir, then the electric current on coil is dropped to 0.0A, after finally filling Ar gas to 0.1Mpa, take out cooling fast;
Step 4, by the blank after step 3 vacuum induction melting through Wetted constructures, 250 DEG C of insulation 2h.The hardness of gained matrix material is HB142, tensile strength 550MPa, specific conductivity 19MS/m.
Embodiment 2
Step 1, takes Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder respectively, and the mass ratio of FeC powder and Cu powder is 18:82, the quality of Cr powder is 0.8% of FeC powder and Cu powder total mass, proceed in ball grinder, add abrading-ball by 40 times of powder total mass, mix powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min;
Step 2, is suppressed by cold stamping die after being sieved by the powder after step 1 mechanically mixing, pressing pressure 30KN, and pressurize forms blank in 120 seconds;
Step 3, be contained in high purity graphite crucible by the blank that step 2 presuppression is formed, then put in vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuum tightness reaches 10
-1after Pa, in induction melting furnace, pass into pressure in Ar gas to stove reach 0.05Mpa, start to strengthen electric current on coil gradually to 35A, until metal melt, 4min is incubated under this electric current, make it stir, then the electric current on coil is dropped to 0.0A, after finally filling Ar gas to 0.1Mpa, take out cooling fast;
Step 4, by the blank after step 3 vacuum induction melting through Wetted constructures, 300 DEG C of insulation 3h.The hardness of gained matrix material is HB155, tensile strength 580MPa, specific conductivity 16MS/m.
Embodiment 3
Step 1, takes Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder respectively, and the mass ratio of FeC powder and Cu powder is 24:76, the quality of Cr powder is 0.8% of FeC powder and Cu powder total mass, proceed in ball grinder, add abrading-ball by 30 times of powder total mass, mix powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min;
Step 2, is suppressed by cold stamping die after being sieved by the powder after step 1 mechanically mixing, pressing pressure 100KN, and pressurize forms blank in 90 seconds;
Step 3, be contained in high purity graphite crucible by the blank that step 2 presuppression is formed, then put in vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuum tightness reaches 10
-2after Pa, in induction melting furnace, pass into pressure in Ar gas to stove reach 0.06Mpa, start to strengthen electric current on coil gradually to 38A, until metal melt, 5min is incubated under this electric current, make it stir, then the electric current on coil is dropped to 0.0A, after finally filling Ar gas to 0.1Mpa, take out cooling fast;
Step 4, by the blank after step 3 vacuum induction melting through Wetted constructures, 350 DEG C of insulation 3.5h.The hardness of gained matrix material is HB150, tensile strength 590MPa, specific conductivity 14MS/m.
Embodiment 4
Step 1, takes Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder respectively, and the mass ratio of FeC powder and Cu powder is 32:68, the quality of Cr powder is 0.8% of FeC powder and Cu powder total mass, proceed in ball grinder, add abrading-ball by 40 times of powder total mass, mix powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min;
Step 2, is suppressed by cold stamping die after being sieved by the powder after step 1 mechanically mixing, pressing pressure 300KN, and pressurize forms blank in 60 seconds;
Step 3, be contained in high purity graphite crucible by the blank that step 2 presuppression is formed, then put in vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuum tightness reaches 10
-3after Pa, in induction melting furnace, pass into pressure in Ar gas to stove reach 0.08Mpa, start to strengthen electric current on coil gradually to 40A, until metal melt, 5min is incubated under this electric current, make it stir, then the electric current on coil is dropped to 0.0A, after finally filling Ar gas to 0.1Mpa, take out cooling fast;
Step 4, by the blank after step 3 vacuum induction melting through Wetted constructures, 400 DEG C of insulation 4h.Gained composite hardness is HB165, tensile strength 610MPa, specific conductivity 12MS/m.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material, is characterized in that, form blank by after Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder mechanically mixing through presuppression, blank through Wetted constructures, namely obtains Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material after vacuum induction melting.
2. the preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described mechanically mixing is loaded in ball grinder Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder, adds abrading-ball, mix powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min by 20 ~ 40 times of powder total mass.
3. the preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described FeC powder and Cu powder is 12 ~ 32:68 ~ 88, and the quality of Cr powder is 0.8% of FeC powder and Cu powder total mass.
4. the preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described presuppression be by mechanically mixing after powder sieve after suppressed by cold stamping die, pressing pressure 10 ~ 300KN, pressurize 30 ~ 120 seconds forms blank.
5. the preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described vacuum induction melting is contained in high purity graphite crucible by the blank that presuppression is formed, and then put in vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuum tightness reaches 10
-1~ 10
-3after Pa, in induction melting furnace, pass into pressure in Ar gas to stove reach 0.05 ~ 0.08Mpa, start electric current to the 30 ~ 40A strengthened on coil gradually, until metal melt, 3 ~ 5min is incubated under this electric current, make it stir, then the electric current on coil is dropped to 0.0A, after finally filling Ar gas to 0.1Mpa, take out cooling fast.
6. the preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC matrix material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described aging temperature is 250 ~ 450 DEG C, insulation 2 ~ 6h.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106920695A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-07-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar iron carbide powder powder material and its application |
| CN107596387A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-01-19 | 北京大学 | The heterogeneous nano particle of gold/cementite and its preparation and application |
| CN109266883A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-25 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material |
| CN114990378A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-02 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation method of high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper-boron alloy |
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| JPH10130750A (en) * | 1996-10-28 | 1998-05-19 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Storage battery electrode columnar material made of cu-fe series sintered alloy having high electric conductivity |
| CN1358872A (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-07-17 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | Copper base alloy electric vacuum contact material and method for making same |
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Patent Citations (2)
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| JPH10130750A (en) * | 1996-10-28 | 1998-05-19 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Storage battery electrode columnar material made of cu-fe series sintered alloy having high electric conductivity |
| CN1358872A (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-07-17 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | Copper base alloy electric vacuum contact material and method for making same |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106920695A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-07-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar iron carbide powder powder material and its application |
| CN106920695B (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2018-07-17 | 武汉理工大学 | Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar iron carbide powder powder material and its application |
| CN107596387A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-01-19 | 北京大学 | The heterogeneous nano particle of gold/cementite and its preparation and application |
| CN109266883A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-25 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material |
| CN114990378A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-02 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation method of high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper-boron alloy |
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