CN100593578C - Method for smelting high-nitrogen steel - Google Patents
Method for smelting high-nitrogen steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN100593578C CN100593578C CN200810300678A CN200810300678A CN100593578C CN 100593578 C CN100593578 C CN 100593578C CN 200810300678 A CN200810300678 A CN 200810300678A CN 200810300678 A CN200810300678 A CN 200810300678A CN 100593578 C CN100593578 C CN 100593578C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for smelting high nitrogen steel, which comprises a smelting method of a high nitrogen steel which can effectively improve and guarantee the content of N in alloy, thetechnical proposal which is adopted comprises the following steps: firstly, smelting molten steel with an electric arc furnace or an induction furnace, secondly, simultaneously adopting another electric arc furnace or an induction furnace to smelt nitrogen containing alloy, adapting the sum of molten steel components in the step one and the step two with steel grade, thirdly, adding molten steelwhich is smelted in nitrogen containing alloy solution, and refining under the protection of nitrogen, and getting high nitrogen steel. The technical proposal of the invention which is adopted by theinvention to smelt high nitrogen steel without needing complex pressurization and remelting equipment, the total smelting time is greatly shortened, which is only one half of the time for smelting high nitrogen steel in the prior art, the operation is simple, and chemical components in steel are stable, fluctuation of steel components among furnaces is small, which is beneficial for processing follow-up process. And meanwhile, the number of deoxidation reducing agent is greatly reduced, and smelting cost is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the smelting process that the smelting iron and steel technical field is particularly related to high nitrogen steel.
Background technology
High nitrogen steel more and more comes into one's own owing to have good mechanical property and resistance to corrosion etc.According to the regulation matrix on the metallurgy is its nitrogen content of ferritic steel 〉=0.08%, and matrix is that austenitic steel nitrogen content 〉=0.4% is high nitrogen steel.Confirm that according to people's long term studies the nitrogen content in the steel depends on the 1. content of alloying element; 2. smelting temperature; 3. the adding mode of nitrogenous gas and nitrogen-containing alloy; 4. the method for Ye Lianing; 5. time of Ye Lianing.Content, smelting temperature at these several influence factor interalloy elements are changed not quite by the restriction of steel grade and other condition; What people can change is the adding mode of nitrogen and nitrogen-containing alloy, the method for smelting and the time of smelting.People recognize from practice whether can estimate the technology of smelting high-nitrogen steel with the rate of recovery that adds the nitrogen in the steel reasonable.
Smelting process is to the influence of nitrogen in steel content, studies for a long period of time and makes steel practice according to people, and when not implementing special technological measure, general remaining nitrogen amount is 0.0040%～0.0060% in the converter steel, and remaining nitrogen amount is 0.0080%～0.010% in the electric steel.In order to obtain the high nitrogen content and the rate of recovery, high nitrogen smelting steel method both domestic and external has at present: open type induction oven process, vacuum arc remelting, plasma arc remelting process, vacuum oxidation and decarbonization and esr process, electric furnace duplex add electroslag remelting process etc., for guaranteeing the purity of molten steel, vacuum-treat is all adopted low pressure (300Pa) to outgas and is removed inclusion in the above-mentioned several method.Yet the low pressure condition but is unfavorable for smelting high nitrogen steel; Before the vacuum-treat or the nitrogen that adopts above-mentioned several method to be added in the steel in the process all very easily remove, the rate of recovery is almost nil.Also have to adopt pressurization esr process (PESR) in addition, though the more above-mentioned several technologies of nitrogen content are higher, need to drop into specific equipment, production cost obviously improves.
Chinese patent application number is that " with the method for additional cathode glow discharging smelting high-nitrogen steel " disclosed smelting process of 200510030763.1 is by above the bath surface in vacuum melting furnace anode being set, an additional cathode with holes is set between anode and bath surface, carries out heating, fusing, the refining of furnace charge and adjust alloying element content with vacuum smelting method; Nitrogen content had reached more than 2% after pure iron was smelted in an embodiment with its method of inventing, the GCr15 nitrogen content has reached 0.5%, Cr-Mo structure iron nitrogen content has reached 0.6%, this method equally with vacuum mode smelt, exist the nitrogen that enters in the molten steel very easily to remove, deficiency such as actual production is difficult to carry out.Number of patent application is " a kind of smelting process of high nitrogen steel " disclosed smelting technology of 200410022051.0, is the vacuum-treat middle and later periods in converter steel, adds nitrogen-containing alloy, is 0.0085% molten steel but have to nitrogen content.
Nitrogen-containing alloy all adds at reduction period in above-mentioned smelting technology, and tap to tap time is very long, and labour intensity is very big, molten steel
Chemical component fluctuation is big.Because of in an electric arc furnace, carrying out the smelting of low-carbon low-phosphor high mangaenese steel water, long, complex procedures of the three phases time that need make steel.This molten steel smelted heat up after qualified, add nitrogenous material and carry out alloying and reduction refining, the furnace temperature height, the time is long, complicated operation.High-temperature molten steel causes nitrogen to be combined into nitrogen separating out in a large number, and nitrogen in steel content is inevitable very low, causes the rate of recovery of nitrogen not high.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned defective that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of smelting process that can effectively improve and guarantee the high nitrogen steel of N content in the alloy.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems may further comprise the steps:
(1) with electric arc furnace or induction furnace melting molten steel, tapping temperature is 1600～1660 ℃;
(2) adopt another electric arc furnace or induction furnace melting nitrogen-containing alloy simultaneously, when the temperature behind alloy melting is 1520～1570 ℃, adds the molten steel in the step (1), and stir;
Adaptive with the summation of the molten steel composition in above-mentioned (1), (2) step and steel grade, and the content of control C, Si, by weight percentage, C≤0.12, Si≤1.00;
(3) molten steel with melting joins in the nitrogen-containing alloy liquid, and refining under nitrogen protection, and the purified time was controlled within 20 minutes, obtains high nitrogen steel.
Another kind as the technical program improves, and comprises the metal or alloy that contains Mn, Cr in the alloy of step (2) melting.Wherein as preferred mode, described Cr alloy is a nitrided ferro-chromium.
Adopt technical scheme smelting high-nitrogen steel of the present invention, need not complicated pressurization, remelting device; Also overcome use ammonia to decompose to produce nitrogen add device problem, tap to tap time that nitrogen causes long, be difficult to satisfy actual needs, the actual problem such as nitrogen weak effect that adds.The present invention has eliminated nitrogen and has been in the deficiency of very easily overflowing in the high-temperature molten steel for a long time; Two electric arc furnace are smelted heat simultaneously and are converted molten steel, and shorten total tap to tap time greatly, only are half of prior art smelting high-nitrogen steel time, and flushing and casting is simple, chemical composition stability in the steel, between stove and stove the composition of steel fluctuation little, be beneficial to the processing of subsequent handling.Refining has guaranteed that from thermodynamics the nitrogen the molten steel is difficult to overflow under nitrogen protection.
The present invention adopts two stoves to smelt simultaneously, directly is blended in the alloy liquid of another stove smelting qualified molten steel in the stove, has accelerated the uniform dynamic conditions of alloy, has reduced the environmental factors that is unfavorable for high nitrogen steel.Simple to operate, labor strength is low, chemical composition stability in the steel, and the nitrogen content height, rate of recovery height just can directly be tapped without chemical analysis results according to the weight and the composition of two stoves.
Another outstanding feature of the present invention is the operation of having simplified the stokehold widely, and the controllability of operation is strong, and the composition fluctuation in the steel is little, has reduced deoxidization reducer quantity widely, has reduced smelting cost.
Embodiment
The smelting process of high nitrogen steel of the present invention, its step comprises:
(1) with electric arc furnace or induction furnace melting molten steel,
(2) adopt another electric arc furnace or induction furnace melting nitrogen-containing alloy simultaneously,
The summation and the steel grade of the molten steel composition in above-mentioned (1), (2) step is adaptive,
(3) molten steel with melting joins in the nitrogen-containing alloy liquid, and refining under nitrogen protection, obtains high nitrogen steel.
In above-mentioned steps (1), adopt the steel scrap and the pig iron as raw material melting molten steel, according to the composition requirement of steel grade, undesirable simultaneously as the C content in the raw material, adjust C content with electrode block.After the molten steel fusing, keeping liquid steel temperature is 1610～1630 ℃.
In above-mentioned steps (2),, deduct the middle already contg composition of molten steel of step (1) and prepare burden the melting nitrogen-containing alloy according to the composition requirement of steel grade.
When the temperature behind the alloy melting in the step (2) is 1540～1570 ℃, add the molten steel in the step (1), stir, the composition that helps in the molten steel is even.Refining under nitrogen protection, reach the steel grade specification of quality after testing after, tapping obtains nitrogen content can reach 0.95% even higher high nitrogen steel.In order to reduce the effusion of nitrogen in refining process, refining time was controlled within 20 minutes.
Because in the fusion process of molten steel and nitrogen-containing alloy, may occur consuming and the feed proportioning process in error, steel grades and product standard are not inconsistent when causing refining, detection molten steel composition and adjusting in the specialized range of steel grade in step (3).
According to the research of metallurgy field to nitrogen-containing alloy fusing theoretical model, the content of raising Mn, Cr and reduction C, Si helps improving the nitrogen content in the steel.In the raw material of step (2) melting nitrogen-containing alloy, comprise the metal or alloy that contains Mn, Cr, the nitrogen content that improves in the alloy is made obvious effects.When smelting was contained the steel alloy of Mn, Cr, the content that will contain Mn, Cr was brought up to the upper limit of steel grade specification, has both satisfied the requirement of steel grades, can improve nitrogen content again.From production process and saving cost, and the needs consideration of satisfying various compositions in the alloy, in step (2), add metal M n and nitrided ferro-chromium.In step (1) and (2), the content of control C, Si, by weight percentage, C≤0.12%, Si≤1.00%.
Embodiment one:
The smelting of the high nitrogen high-strength steel of Mn18Cr18N:
1, the Chemical Composition of 1Mn18Cr18N steel is as follows: (%)
| Chemical Composition | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | N | Al |
| The regulation composition | ≤ 0.12 | 17.50 20.00 | ≤ 0.80 | ≤ 0.050 | ≤ 0.015 | 17.50 20.00 | ≥ 0.47 | ≤ 0.03 |
2, technical process
A stove: the high-quality molten steel of low c, low p content
8 tons of steel scrap+pig iron (also can adopt electrode block to join carbon), guaranteeing provides 7 tons of high-quality molten steel for B ton stove.Molten steel C≤0.02%, P≤0.004%; Tapping temperature: 1600～1630 ℃.
B stove: nitrogen-containing alloy liquid
Manganese metal 3t+ nitrided ferro-chromium 3.70t alloy is packed in the stove; After the energising fusing, temperature: in the time of 1520～1550 ℃, A stove molten steel is blended into the B stove, after stirring, when energising makes bath temperature reach 1540～1570 ℃, is tailored into and assigns to product specification, can tap.Tap 13.5t.
Embodiment two:
1, ASTM A965 pressure and high-temperature component austenite are forged the smelting of body and function steel FXM-11: the Chemical Composition of FXM-11 is as follows: (%)
| Chemical Composition | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Ni | Cr | N |
| The regulation composition | ≤ 0.04 | 8.0 10.0 | ≤ 1.00 | ≤ 0.060 | ≤ 0.030 | 5.5 7.5 | 19.0 21.5 | 0.15 0.40 |
2, technical process
A stove: the high-quality molten steel of low c, low p content
In 1.5 tons of stoves, add the steel scrap and 2 tons of the pig iron (also can adopt electrode block to join carbon), to guarantee providing 2 tons of high-quality molten steel for 5 tons of stoves.Molten steel C≤0.02%, P≤0.004%; Tapping temperature: 1630～1660 ℃.
B stove: nitrogen-containing alloy liquid
Manganese metal 0.55t+ nitrided ferro-chromium 1.450t and Rhometal 0.75t are packed in the stove; After the energising fusing, temperature: in the time of 1540～1570 ℃, A stove molten steel is blended into the B stove, after stirring, when energising makes bath temperature reach 1540～1570 ℃, is tailored into and assigns to product specification, can tap.Tap 5.5t.
Embodiment three:
1, the Chemical Composition of acid-resistant stainless steel 1Cr18Mn18Ni5Mo3N is as follows: (%)
| Chemical Composition | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Ni | Cr | N |
| The regulation composition | ≤ 0.10 | 8.5 12.0 | ≤ 1.00 | ≤ 0.060 | ≤ 0.030 | 4.0 6.0 | 17.0 19.0 | 0.20 0.30 |
2, technical process
The smelting process of this steel and embodiment one, two are similar, and only the adding quantity of alloy is according to chemical composition adjusted and got final product.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of smelting process of high nitrogen steel, its step comprises:
(1) with electric arc furnace or induction furnace melting molten steel, tapping temperature is 1600～1660 ℃;
(2) adopt another electric arc furnace or induction furnace melting nitrogen-containing alloy simultaneously, when the temperature behind alloy melting is 1520～1570 ℃, adds the molten steel in the step (1), and stir;
The summation and the steel grade of the molten steel composition in above-mentioned (1), (2) step is adaptive, and the content of control C, Si, by weight percentage, C≤0.12, Si≤1.00;
(3) refining under nitrogen protection, the purified time was controlled within 20 minutes, obtained high nitrogen steel.
2, the smelting process of a kind of high nitrogen steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in step (3), the detection molten steel composition is also adjusted in the specialized range of steel grade.
3, the smelting process of a kind of high nitrogen steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise the metal or alloy that contains Mn, Cr in the alloy of step (2) melting.
4, the smelting process of a kind of high nitrogen steel as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described Cr alloy is a nitrided ferro-chromium
5, the smelting process of a kind of high nitrogen steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the nitrogen content of resulting high nitrogen steel, by weight percentage, N 〉=0.97.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102994898A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-03-27 | 乐山沙湾天华机械制造有限责任公司 | Casting method of C12A material casting piece for supercritical unit |
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| TWI401320B (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2013-07-11 | China Steel Corp | Method of reducing steel content by reducing nitrogen content |
| CN102851455A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-02 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for producing high-nitrogen IF steel |
| CN102400030B (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2013-07-31 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Method for adding nitrogen element into smelting molten steel of vacuum induction furnace |
| CN103060519B (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2014-10-22 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Deoxidation method for high-nitrogen steel |
| CN103451508B (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2016-04-13 | 长春工业大学 | A kind of method preparing high-strength stainless steel |
| CN103451509B (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2016-04-13 | 长春工业大学 | A kind of method of melting high-strength stainless steel |
| CN103436768B (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2016-04-13 | 长春工业大学 | A kind of high alloy melt prepares the method for high-strength stainless steel |
| CN103484746B (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2016-06-15 | 长春工业大学 | A kind of method of remelting high-strength stainless steel |
| KR101796089B1 (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-11-10 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method for manufacturing steel |
| CN111593247B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2021-04-13 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司 | Remelting and encrypting method and system for nitrided alloy |
| CN115584427A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-01-10 | 北京包钢朗润新材料科技有限公司 | Smelting production method of ultrahigh alloy steel |
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| CN102994898A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-03-27 | 乐山沙湾天华机械制造有限责任公司 | Casting method of C12A material casting piece for supercritical unit |
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