CN104962800B - Smelting method for stainless steel material - Google Patents
Smelting method for stainless steel material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104962800B CN104962800B CN201510383056.4A CN201510383056A CN104962800B CN 104962800 B CN104962800 B CN 104962800B CN 201510383056 A CN201510383056 A CN 201510383056A CN 104962800 B CN104962800 B CN 104962800B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
The invention relates to a smelting method, in particular to a smelting method for a stainless steel material. The smelting method comprises the following steps: preparing materials, carrying out EAF (electric arc furnace) smelting, carrying out LF (low frequency) furnace primary smelting, carrying out VOD furnace smelting and carrying out LF furnace re-smelting. The smelting method disclosed by the invention is unique, improves the quality of molten steel, reduces the production cost and solves the problem of smelting various molten steel in the same EAF furnace by the enterprises.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of smelting process, especially relate to a kind of smelting process of stainless steel material.
Background technology
In prior art, the common method of smelting stainless steel material mainly includes one-step method, two step method and three-step approach.One step
Method mainly completes all of fusing, decarburization, reduction and refining process in eaf stove.Two step method mainly adopt eaf+aod or
The process route of person eaf+vod, completes fusing, alloying process in eaf stove, completes decarburization, goes back in aod stove or vod stove
Former, refining process.Three-step approach mainly adopts eaf+aod+lf process route, completes fusing, alloying process in eaf stove,
Complete decarbonizing process in aod stove, complete reduction, refining process in lf stove.
These three processes have a common ground, that is, be required to carry out in eaf stove to melt, alloying process.In not
Rust Steel material needs to add substantial amounts of alloy, particularly ferrochrome, and usual content is more than 10%, and ferrochrome is also to be very easy to oxygen
The element changed, during eaf fusing and taking off p, molten steel is in oxidation atmosphere, so can be very easy to chromium iron, not only
Impact quality of molten steel, reduces the rate of recovery of ferrochrome simultaneously, increased production cost.
Meanwhile, enterprise generally requires to smelt the product of unlike material, and carbon steel, low-alloy steel, high-alloy steel need to replace gives birth to
Produce, the composition fluctuation of various material foundry goods is very big, and if smelted all if same eaf stove is carried out, phase understood unavoidably by molten steel
Mutually pollute, affect composition and the quality of molten steel.
There is presently no the method overcoming drawbacks described above.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the defect overcoming prior art, provides a kind of method uniqueness, the quality of raising molten steel, reduces
Production cost, solves the problems, such as that enterprise smelts a kind of stainless steel of various material molten steel in same eaf stove simultaneously
The smelting process of material.
The present invention is accomplished in that
A kind of smelting process of stainless steel material it is characterised in that: the method comprises the steps:
A, get the raw materials ready；
B, eaf stove is smelted: after steel scrap is completely melt, sample analysis, and when 1520 ~ 1550 DEG C, oxygen blast takes off p to temperature, then
Sub-sampling is analyzed, and after p content meets the requirements, pour off oxidizing slag, when molten steel heating is to 1600 ~ 1650 DEG C, tapping；
C, lf stove is smelted first；
D, vod stove is smelted；
E, again lf stove are smelted: molten steel is hoisted to lf stove to start further to reduce, and add sica and al grain, tool during reduction
The addition of body determines according to the degree of oxidation of molten steel, after molten steel fully reduces, sample analysis, and according to spectral results, adjust
The composition of all alloys, to desired value, after temperature reaches requirement simultaneously, you can steel tapping casting, completes entirely stainless smelting
Journey；
Described lf stove is smelted first and is tapped to lf stove for molten steel, and thermometric samples, and adds sica grain 1 ~ 2kg/t, al grain 1
~ 2kg/t, active lime 6 ~ 8kg/t, fluorite 1 ~ 3kg/t, adjustment slag reproducibility, spectral results out after, according to composition meter
Calculate alloy addition, during adduction gold, take the mode repeatedly adding on a small quantity, the addition ＜ 500kg of every batch, add alloy
During molten steel temperature control between 1580 ~ 1600 DEG C, and tune up argon flow amount between 0.2 ~ 0.4mpa, alloy adds
Afterwards, sample analysis are it is desirable to not oxidizable element is adjusted near desired value, and cr constituent content controls and requiring composition range
Lower limit, carbon content control, between 0.4% ~ 0.5%, when temperature is adjusted to 1600 ~ 1620 DEG C, is tapped to vod stove；
It is to enter vod stokehold in molten steel that described vod stove is smelted, and pulls down more than 90% slag, then covers vod tank, takes out true
Sky, vacuum in below 0.026mpa, oxygen gun blowing, between 1.2 ~ 1.4m, oxygen blast intensity is in 12 ~ 16nm3/ for oxygen blast height
T h, judges endpoint carbon content according to oxygen gesture and EGT, and when oxygen gesture reaches peak, EGT peaks simultaneously
Stop oxygen blast afterwards, then proceed to vacuumize, as vacuum ＜ 0.67*10-5mpa, keep vacuum carbon deoxidization time ＞ 15min,
The most backward molten steel adds the al grain of 1-2kg/t and the lime of 5-8kg, that is, tap to lf stove；
Described get the raw materials ready be smelt before, according to actual constituent calculate eaf stove need fusing molten steel amount, computing formula is: eaf
Stove needs molten steel liquid measure=demand molten steel amount-alloy amount, and weight of getting the raw materials ready=eaf stove needs molten steel liquid measure/recovery utilization rate；
Complete to get the raw materials ready according to result of calculation, get the raw materials ready mainly based on steel scrap, remaining is the pig iron and steel-casting rising head returns material.
The present invention has a following effect:
1) method is unique: because the generally stirring of eaf stove is insufficient, it is possible to cause eaf if taking slot type tapping
Stove remains molten steel, if completing alloying process in eaf stove, may have influence on the composition of next stove molten steel, is therefore smelting
When, two processes of the fusing of molten steel and alloying are separated in different process stages.It is eaf+ that the present invention adopts overall procedure
lf+vod+lf.
2) by this smelting mode, carbon steel, low-alloy, high alloy molten steel can be smelted in eaf stove simultaneously, smelt high
Smelt carbon steel after steel alloy again, the composition of carbon steel molten steel is had little to no effect, strong adaptability；
3) carbon content of stainless steel product can control below 0.03%, meets the production of most of stainless cast steel part；
4) quality of molten steel is good, and gas content is low, and it is carefully 2 grades of levels that final molten steel inclusion can reach, total oxygen content ＜
60ppm, nitrogen content ＜ 50ppm, hydrogen content ＜ 2ppm.
Specific embodiment
A kind of smelting process of stainless steel material, the method comprises the steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: stainless steel needs the alloy amount adding big, before smelting, calculating eaf stove according to actual constituent needs to melt
Molten steel amount, computing formula is: eaf stove needs molten steel liquid measure=demand molten steel amount-alloy amount, weight of getting the raw materials ready=eaf stove needs
Molten steel liquid measure/recovery utilization rate；Complete to get the raw materials ready according to result of calculation, get the raw materials ready mainly based on steel scrap, remaining is the pig iron and casting
Steel part rising head returns material.
2) eaf stove is smelted:
This process mainly completes the fusing of steel scrap and de- p process, after steel scrap is completely melt, sample analysis, and temperature exists
1520 ~ 1550 DEG C about when, oxygen blast takes off p.Sample analysis again, after p content meets the requirements, pour off oxidizing slag, and molten steel heating is extremely
When 1600 ~ 1650 DEG C, tapping.
3) lf stove is smelted first:
Molten steel is tapped to lf stove, and thermometric samples, and adds sica grain 1 ~ 2kg/t, al grain 1 ~ 2kg/t, and active lime 6 ~
8kg/t, fluorite 1 ~ 3kg/t, the reproducibility of adjustment slag.
Spectral results out after, alloy addition is calculated according to composition, during adduction gold, takes the side repeatedly adding on a small quantity
Formula, the addition ＜ 500kg of every batch, during adding alloy, molten steel temperature controls between 1580 ~ 1600 DEG C, and tunes up
Argon flow amount, between 0.2 ~ 0.4mpa, accelerates the burn-off rate of alloy, improve production efficiency.
After alloy adds, sample analysis are it is desirable to not oxidizable element is adjusted near desired value, and cr constituent content control
System is requiring composition range lower limit, and carbon content control, between 0.4% ~ 0.5%, when temperature is adjusted to 1600 ~ 1620 DEG C, is tapped
To vod stove.
4) vod stove is smelted
Enter vod stokehold in molten steel, pull down more than 90% slag, then cover vod tank, vacuumize, vacuum exists
During below 0.026mpa, oxygen gun blowing, between 1.2 ~ 1.4m, oxygen blast intensity is in 12 ~ 16nm3/t h for oxygen blast height.
Endpoint carbon content is judged according to oxygen gesture and EGT, when oxygen gesture reaches peak, EGT reaches the most simultaneously
Stop oxygen blast after high point.Then proceed to vacuumize, as vacuum ＜ 0.67*10-5mpa, keep vacuum carbon deoxidization time ＞
15min, the most backward molten steel adds the al grain of 1-2kg/t and the lime of 5-8kg, that is, tap to lf stove.
5) lf stove is smelted
Molten steel is hoisted to lf stove to start further to reduce, during reduction add sica and al grain, specific addition according to
The degree of oxidation of molten steel determines.
After molten steel fully reduces, sample analysis, according to spectral results, the composition adjusting all alloys is to desired value.With
After Shi Wendu reaches requirement, you can steel tapping casting, complete entirely stainless smelting process.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of smelting process of stainless steel material it is characterised in that: the method comprises the steps:
A, get the raw materials ready；
B, eaf stove is smelted: after steel scrap is completely melt, sample analysis, and when 1520 ~ 1550 DEG C, oxygen blast takes off p to temperature, takes again
Sample is analyzed, and after p content meets the requirements, pour off oxidizing slag, when molten steel heating is to 1600 ~ 1650 DEG C, tapping；
C, lf stove is smelted first；
D, vod stove is smelted；
E, again lf stove are smelted: molten steel is hoisted to lf stove to start further to reduce, and add sica and al grain, specifically during reduction
Addition determines according to the degree of oxidation of molten steel, after molten steel fully reduces, sample analysis, and according to spectral results, adjustment is all
The composition of alloy, to desired value, after temperature reaches requirement simultaneously, you can steel tapping casting, completes entirely stainless smelting process.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of smelting process of stainless steel material it is characterised in that: described lf stove is smelted for molten steel
Tap to lf stove, thermometric samples, and adds sica grain 1 ~ 2kg/t, al grain 1 ~ 2kg/t, active lime 6 ~ 8kg/t, fluorite 1 ~
3kg/t, the reproducibility of adjustment slag, spectral results out after, alloy addition is calculated according to composition, during adduction gold, takes few
The mode that amount repeatedly adds, the addition ＜ 500kg of every batch, add molten steel temperature during alloy control 1580 ~
Between 1600 DEG C, and tune up argon flow amount between 0.2 ~ 0.4mpa, after alloy adds, sample analysis are not it is desirable to oxidizable
Element is adjusted near desired value, and cr constituent content controls requiring composition range lower limit, and carbon content control is 0.4% ~ 0.5%
Between, when temperature is adjusted to 1600 ~ 1620 DEG C, tap to vod stove.
3. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of smelting process of stainless steel material it is characterised in that: described vod stove smelt be
Molten steel enters vod stokehold, pulls down more than 90% slag, then covers vod tank, vacuumize, vacuum is in below 0.026mpa
When, oxygen gun blowing, between 1.2 ~ 1.4m, oxygen blast intensity is in 12 ~ 16m for oxygen blast height3//t.h, according to oxygen gesture and EGT
Judge endpoint carbon content, when oxygen gesture reaches peak, after EGT peaks, stop oxygen blast simultaneously, then proceed to take out very
Sky, as vacuum ＜ 0.67*10-5Mpa, keeps vacuum carbon deoxidization time ＞ 15min, and the most backward molten steel adds the al of 1-2kg/t
Grain and the lime of 5-8kg, that is, tap to lf stove.
4. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of smelting process of stainless steel material it is characterised in that: described get the raw materials ready be smelt before,
Calculating eaf stove according to actual constituent needs the molten steel amount of fusing, and computing formula is: eaf stove needs molten steel liquid measure=demand molten steel
Amount-alloy amount, weight of getting the raw materials ready=eaf stove needs molten steel liquid measure/recovery utilization rate；Complete to get the raw materials ready according to result of calculation, get the raw materials ready
Mainly based on steel scrap, remaining is the pig iron and steel-casting rising head returns material.
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| CN105296867B (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-06-16 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | A kind of smelting process of the martensitic stain less steel of low silicon low-aluminium high boron |
| CN106036963A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-10-26 | 柳州名品科技有限公司 | Preparation method of straw feed particle machine feeding barrel |
| CN106244827B (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2018-06-19 | 重庆大学 | A kind of smelting endpoint of smelting titanium slag with electric stove judges system and method |
| CN107326147A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-11-07 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | A kind of sulfur method of smelting stainless steel |
| WO2019040704A1 (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-02-28 | Nucor Corporation | Improved manufacture of low carbon steel |
| CN107779555A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-09 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | The smelting process of super-low carbon stainless steel material |
| CN108950140A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-07 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | The method of electric arc furnace smelting two phase stainless steel nitrogen pick-up |
| CN109402328B (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-11-13 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | Method for controlling carbon element content of duplex stainless steel smelted by refining furnace |
| CN112899569A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-06-04 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | 630 ℃ heat-resistant steel and smelting method thereof |
| CN115386678B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2023-11-21 | 中南大学 | Smelting state and furnace number identification method based on EAF-LF-VD-CC steelmaking process |
| CN115948688A (en) * | 2023-01-29 | 2023-04-11 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | Component control method of austenitic heat-resistant steel casting |
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| CN100535153C (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2009-09-02 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for processing ultra-pure ferrite stainless steel by using ladle refining furnace to control carbon and nitrogen content |
| CN101476016B (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2010-09-22 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | Stainless steel smelting method |
| CN102312175B (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-03-13 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing stainless steel plate used for thermonuclear fusion reactor |
| CN102363869B (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2013-06-19 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Manufacturing method of free-cutting ferritic stainless steel 430FM |
| CN103397141B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2014-12-24 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Smelting method of high-aluminum stainless steel |
| CN103643157B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-11-18 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | A kind of copper-bearing ferritic Stainless Steel Disc unit and manufacture method thereof |
| CN104087854A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-10-08 | 江苏金石铸锻有限公司 | Martensite stainless steel material |
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