CN104962800A - Smelting method for stainless steel material - Google Patents
Smelting method for stainless steel material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104962800A CN104962800A CN201510383056.4A CN201510383056A CN104962800A CN 104962800 A CN104962800 A CN 104962800A CN 201510383056 A CN201510383056 A CN 201510383056A CN 104962800 A CN104962800 A CN 104962800A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a smelting method, in particular to a smelting method for a stainless steel material. The smelting method comprises the following steps: preparing materials, carrying out EAF (electric arc furnace) smelting, carrying out LF (low frequency) furnace primary smelting, carrying out VOD furnace smelting and carrying out LF furnace re-smelting. The smelting method disclosed by the invention is unique, improves the quality of molten steel, reduces the production cost and solves the problem of smelting various molten steel in the same EAF furnace by the enterprises.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of smelting process, especially relate to a kind of smelting process of stainless material.
Background technology
In prior art, the common method of smelting stainless steel material mainly comprises single stage method, two step method and three-step approach.Single stage method mainly completes all fusings, decarburization, reduction and refining process in EAF stove.Two step method mainly adopts the operational path of EAF+AOD or EAF+VOD, namely completes fusing, alloying process at EAF stove, completes decarburization, reduction, refining process in AOD furnace or VOD stove.Three-step approach mainly adopts EAF+AOD+LF operational path, namely completes fusing, alloying process at EAF stove, completes carbon rejection process in AOD furnace, completes reduction, refining process at LF stove.
These three kinds of processing methodes have a common ground, namely all need to carry out in EAF stove to melt, alloying process.Need to add a large amount of alloys in stainless material, particularly ferrochrome, usual content is more than 10%, and ferrochrome is also the element being very easy to oxidation, melt at EAF and take off in P process, molten steel is in oxidation atmosphere, chromium iron can be very easy to like this, not only affect quality of molten steel, reduce the rate of recovery of ferrochrome simultaneously, add production cost.
Meanwhile, enterprise often needs the product smelting unlike material, and carbon steel, low alloy steel, high quality steel need alternately to produce, the composition fluctuation of various material foundry goods is very large, all carry out at same EAF stove if smelted, molten steel can pollute unavoidably mutually, affects composition and the quality of molten steel.
Also do not overcome the method for above-mentioned defect at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect overcoming prior art, the quality that a kind of method is unique, improve molten steel is provided, reduce production cost, solve the smelting process that enterprise smelts a kind of stainless material of various material molten steel Problems existing in same EAF stove simultaneously.
The present invention realizes in the following way:
A smelting process for stainless material, is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps:
A, to get the raw materials ready;
B, EAF stove is smelted: after steel scrap melts completely, sampling analysis, and temperature is 1520 ~ 1550 DEG C time, and oxygen blast takes off P, again sampling analysis, and after P content meets the requirements, pour off oxidation sludge, during molten steel heating to 1600 ~ 1650 DEG C, and tapping;
C, LF stove is smelted first;
D, VOD stove is smelted;
E, again LF stove smelt: molten steel handling starts further reduction to LF stove, SiCa and Al grain is added during reduction, concrete add-on is determined according to the degree of oxidation of molten steel, after molten steel fully reduces, sampling analysis, according to spectral results, adjust the composition of all alloys to target value, after simultaneous temperature reaches requirement, get final product steel tapping casting, complete whole stainless smelting process;
Described LF stove is smelted for molten steel tapping is to LF stove first, thermometric samples, and add SiCa grain 1 ~ 2kg/t, Al grain 1 ~ 2kg/t, quickened lime 6 ~ 8kg/t, fluorite 1 ~ 3kg/t, the reductibility of adjustment slag, spectral results out after, alloy addition is calculated according to composition, when adding alloy, take the mode repeatedly added on a small quantity, the add-on < 500kg of every batch, adding molten steel temperature in the process of alloy controls between 1580 ~ 1600 DEG C, and tune up between argon flow amount to 0.2 ~ 0.4Mpa, after alloy adds, sampling analysis, require that not oxidizable element is adjusted near target value, and Cr constituent content controls requiring composition range lower limit, carbon content control is between 0.4% ~ 0.5%, when temperature adjusts to 1600 ~ 1620 DEG C, tapping is to VOD stove,
Described VOD stove is smelted for enter VOD stokehold at molten steel, pull down the slag of more than 90%, then VOD tank is covered, vacuumize, vacuum tightness is when below 0.026MPa, oxygen gun blowing, oxygen blast height is between 1.2 ~ 1.4m, oxygen blast intensity is at 12 ~ 16Nm3/th, endpoint carbon content is judged according to oxygen gesture and spent air temperture, when oxygen gesture arrives vertex, spent air temperture stops oxygen blast after peaking simultaneously, then continue to vacuumize, as vacuum tightness < 0.67*10-5MPa, keep vacuum carbon deoxidization time > 15min, the most backward molten steel adds the Al grain of 1-2kg/t and the lime of 5-8kg, namely tap to LF stove,
Described getting the raw materials ready is before smelting, and calculate the molten steel amount of EAF stove needs fusing according to actual constituent, calculation formula is: EAF stove needs molten steel liquid measure=demand molten steel amount-alloy amount, and weight of getting the raw materials ready=EAF stove needs molten steel liquid measure/recovery utilization rate; Complete according to calculation result and get the raw materials ready, get the raw materials ready main based on steel scrap, all the other are the pig iron and steel casting rising head returns.
The present invention has following effect:
1) method is unique: because EAF stove stirs insufficient usually, if take slot type to tap, EAF stove just may be caused to remain molten steel, if complete alloying process in EAF stove, the composition of next stove molten steel may be had influence on, therefore, when smelting, the fusing of molten steel and alloying two processes are separated in different process stages.The present invention adopts overall procedure to be EAF+LF+VOD+LF.
2) by this smelting mode, carbon steel, low-alloy, high alloy molten steel can be smelted in EAF stove simultaneously, smelt carbon steel again after smelting high quality steel, the composition of carbon steel molten steel is not almost affected, strong adaptability;
3) carbon content of stainless steel product can control below 0.03%, meets the production of most of stainless cast steel part;
4) quality of molten steel is good, and gas content is low, and it is carefully 2 grades of levels that final molten steel inclusion can reach, total oxygen content < 60ppm, nitrogen content < 50ppm, hydrogen richness < 2ppm.
Embodiment
A smelting process for stainless material, the method comprises the steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: stainless steel needs the alloy amount that adds large, before smelting, calculate the molten steel amount of EAF stove needs fusing according to actual constituent, calculation formula is: EAF stove needs molten steel liquid measure=demand molten steel amount-alloy amount, and weight of getting the raw materials ready=EAF stove needs molten steel liquid measure/recovery utilization rate; Complete according to calculation result and get the raw materials ready, get the raw materials ready main based on steel scrap, all the other are the pig iron and steel casting rising head returns.
2) EAF stove is smelted:
This process mainly completes the fusing of steel scrap and de-P process, and after steel scrap melts completely, sampling analysis, temperature is about 1520 ~ 1550 DEG C time, and oxygen blast takes off P.Sampling analysis again, after P content meets the requirements, pour off oxidation sludge, during molten steel heating to 1600 ~ 1650 DEG C, tapping.
3) LF stove is smelted first:
Molten steel tapping is to LF stove, and thermometric samples, and adds SiCa grain 1 ~ 2kg/t, Al grain 1 ~ 2kg/t, quickened lime 6 ~ 8kg/t, fluorite 1 ~ 3kg/t, the reductibility of adjustment slag.
Spectral results out after, alloy addition is calculated according to composition, when adding alloy, take the mode repeatedly added on a small quantity, the add-on < 500kg of every batch, adds molten steel temperature in the process of alloy and controls between 1580 ~ 1600 DEG C, and tune up between argon flow amount to 0.2 ~ 0.4Mpa, accelerate the burn-off rate of alloy, enhance productivity.
After alloy adds, sampling analysis, require that not oxidizable element is adjusted near target value, and Cr constituent content controls requiring composition range lower limit, carbon content control, between 0.4% ~ 0.5%, when temperature adjusts to 1600 ~ 1620 DEG C, is tapped to VOD stove.
4) VOD stove is smelted
Enter VOD stokehold at molten steel, pull down the slag of more than 90%, then cover VOD tank, vacuumize, vacuum tightness is when below 0.026MPa, and oxygen gun blowing, oxygen blast height is between 1.2 ~ 1.4m, and oxygen blast intensity is at 12 ~ 16Nm3/th.
Judge endpoint carbon content according to oxygen gesture and spent air temperture, when oxygen gesture arrives vertex, spent air temperture stops oxygen blast after peaking simultaneously.Then continue to vacuumize, as vacuum tightness < 0.67*10-5MPa, keep vacuum carbon deoxidization time > 15min, the most backward molten steel adds the Al grain of 1-2kg/t and the lime of 5-8kg, namely taps to LF stove.
5) LF stove is smelted
Molten steel handling starts further reduction to LF stove, adds SiCa and Al grain during reduction, and concrete add-on is determined according to the degree of oxidation of molten steel.
After molten steel fully reduces, sampling analysis, according to spectral results, adjusts the composition of all alloys to target value.After simultaneous temperature reaches requirement, get final product steel tapping casting, complete whole stainless smelting process.
Claims (4)
1. a smelting process for stainless material, is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps:
A, to get the raw materials ready;
B, EAF stove is smelted: after steel scrap melts completely, sampling analysis, and temperature is 1520 ~ 1550 DEG C time, and oxygen blast takes off P, again sampling analysis, and after P content meets the requirements, pour off oxidation sludge, during molten steel heating to 1600 ~ 1650 DEG C, and tapping;
C, LF stove is smelted first;
D, VOD stove is smelted;
E, again LF stove smelt: molten steel handling starts further reduction to LF stove, SiCa and Al grain is added during reduction, concrete add-on is determined according to the degree of oxidation of molten steel, after molten steel fully reduces, sampling analysis, according to spectral results, adjust the composition of all alloys to target value, after simultaneous temperature reaches requirement, get final product steel tapping casting, complete whole stainless smelting process.
2. the smelting process of a kind of stainless material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described LF stove is smelted for molten steel tapping is to LF stove, thermometric samples, and add SiCa grain 1 ~ 2kg/t, Al grain 1 ~ 2kg/t, quickened lime 6 ~ 8kg/t, fluorite 1 ~ 3kg/t, the reductibility of adjustment slag, spectral results out after, alloy addition is calculated according to composition, when adding alloy, take the mode repeatedly added on a small quantity, the add-on < 500kg of every batch, adding molten steel temperature in the process of alloy controls between 1580 ~ 1600 DEG C, and tune up between argon flow amount to 0.2 ~ 0.4Mpa, after alloy adds, sampling analysis, require that not oxidizable element is adjusted near target value, and Cr constituent content controls requiring composition range lower limit, carbon content control is between 0.4% ~ 0.5%, when temperature adjusts to 1600 ~ 1620 DEG C, tapping is to VOD stove.
3. the smelting process of a kind of stainless material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described VOD stove is smelted for enter VOD stokehold at molten steel, pull down the slag of more than 90%, then VOD tank is covered, vacuumize, vacuum tightness is when below 0.026MPa, oxygen gun blowing, oxygen blast height is between 1.2 ~ 1.4m, oxygen blast intensity is at 12 ~ 16Nm3/th, endpoint carbon content is judged according to oxygen gesture and spent air temperture, when oxygen gesture arrives vertex, spent air temperture stops oxygen blast after peaking simultaneously, then continue to vacuumize, as vacuum tightness < 0.67*10-5MPa, keep vacuum carbon deoxidization time > 15min, the most backward molten steel adds the Al grain of 1-2kg/t and the lime of 5-8kg, namely tap to LF stove.
4. the smelting process of a kind of stainless material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in get the raw materials ready be smelt before, the molten steel amount of EAF stove needs fusing is calculated according to actual constituent, calculation formula is: EAF stove needs molten steel liquid measure=demand molten steel amount-alloy amount, and weight of getting the raw materials ready=EAF stove needs molten steel liquid measure/recovery utilization rate; Complete according to calculation result and get the raw materials ready, get the raw materials ready main based on steel scrap, all the other are the pig iron and steel casting rising head returns.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN105296867A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-03 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Method for smelting low-silicon low-aluminum high-boron martensitic stainless steel |
| CN106036963A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-10-26 | 柳州名品科技有限公司 | Preparation method of straw feed particle machine feeding barrel |
| CN106244827A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2016-12-21 | 重庆大学 | The smelting endpoint of a kind of smelting titanium slag with electric stove judges system and method |
| CN107326147A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-11-07 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | A kind of sulfur method of smelting stainless steel |
| CN107779555A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-09 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | The smelting process of super-low carbon stainless steel material |
| CN108950140A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-07 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | The method of electric arc furnace smelting two phase stainless steel nitrogen pick-up |
| CN109402328A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-03-01 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | A kind of refining furnace smelting two phase stainless steel carbon element content control method |
| CN111194357A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2020-05-22 | 纽科尔公司 | Improved production of low carbon steel |
| CN112899569A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-06-04 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | 630 ℃ heat-resistant steel and smelting method thereof |
| CN115386678A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-25 | 中南大学 | Method for identifying smelting state and furnace number based on EAF-LF-VD-CC steel-making process |
| CN115948688A (en) * | 2023-01-29 | 2023-04-11 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | Component control method of austenitic heat-resistant steel casting |
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Cited By (15)
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| CN105296867B (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-06-16 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | A kind of smelting process of the martensitic stain less steel of low silicon low-aluminium high boron |
| CN105296867A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-03 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Method for smelting low-silicon low-aluminum high-boron martensitic stainless steel |
| CN106036963A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-10-26 | 柳州名品科技有限公司 | Preparation method of straw feed particle machine feeding barrel |
| CN106244827B (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2018-06-19 | 重庆大学 | A kind of smelting endpoint of smelting titanium slag with electric stove judges system and method |
| CN106244827A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2016-12-21 | 重庆大学 | The smelting endpoint of a kind of smelting titanium slag with electric stove judges system and method |
| CN107326147A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-11-07 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | A kind of sulfur method of smelting stainless steel |
| CN111194357A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2020-05-22 | 纽科尔公司 | Improved production of low carbon steel |
| CN107779555A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-09 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | The smelting process of super-low carbon stainless steel material |
| CN108950140A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-07 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | The method of electric arc furnace smelting two phase stainless steel nitrogen pick-up |
| CN109402328A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-03-01 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | A kind of refining furnace smelting two phase stainless steel carbon element content control method |
| CN109402328B (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-11-13 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | Method for controlling carbon element content of duplex stainless steel smelted by refining furnace |
| CN112899569A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-06-04 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | 630 ℃ heat-resistant steel and smelting method thereof |
| CN115386678A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-25 | 中南大学 | Method for identifying smelting state and furnace number based on EAF-LF-VD-CC steel-making process |
| CN115386678B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2023-11-21 | 中南大学 | Smelting state and furnace number identification method based on EAF-LF-VD-CC steelmaking process |
| CN115948688A (en) * | 2023-01-29 | 2023-04-11 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | Component control method of austenitic heat-resistant steel casting |
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