CN101619377B - Deslagging and dephosphorizing method of electric stove - Google Patents
Deslagging and dephosphorizing method of electric stove Download PDFInfo
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- CN101619377B CN101619377B CN2009100633643A CN200910063364A CN101619377B CN 101619377 B CN101619377 B CN 101619377B CN 2009100633643 A CN2009100633643 A CN 2009100633643A CN 200910063364 A CN200910063364 A CN 200910063364A CN 101619377 B CN101619377 B CN 101619377B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a deslagging and dephosphorizing method of an electric stove, which adopts the following public technical scheme: slagging; deslagging for the first time; smelting by blowing oxygen, starting to deslag when the temperature of molten steel increases to 1500-1510 DEG C, and controlling the weight percentage of phosphorus to decrease to be not more than 0.015 percent; slagging for the second time; deslagging for the second time, i.e. starting to deslag for the second time when the temperature of molten steel increases to 1520-1550 DEG C, and controlling the weight percentage of the phosphorus to decrease to be not more than 0.010 percent; slagging for the third time; deslagging for the third time, and controlling the weight percentage of the phosphorus to decrease to be not more than 0.005 percent; slagging for the fourth time; and preserving heat by blowing oxygen, adopting steel and slag residual operation with a tapping amount accounting for 85-90 percent of the total capacity of the molten steel in a ladle, and forbidding slagging in a tapping process. By the method, the content of the phosphorus element in steel can be decreased to be below 0.002 percent, ultra clean soldering steel satisfying the requirement of users can be produced, a path for producing clean steel is provided for manufacturers without the pretreatment of the molten steel, and increase in investment is also not needed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of making steel dephosphorization, more belong to the method for electric furnace deslagging and dephosphorizing.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of industries such as automobile, machinery, building, the requirement of steel product quality is being improved constantly.For satisfying user's needs, steel mill is also constantly taking measures to reduce harmful element content such as phosphorus in the steel, sulphur.The sulphur content that reduces in the steel mainly realizes by hot metal pretreatment and refining process.Reduce in the steel phosphorus content mainly by hot metal pretreatment and just the refining process realize, as converter (or electric furnace) double slag process dephosphorization, hot metal pretreatment and adjust method desulfurization such as refining slag etc.The main dephosphorizing method of electric furnace has single slag process and double slag process, as by optimizing the two slag process systems of electric furnace, improves electric furnace dephosphorization effect in early stage, and the steel phosphorus content can reach below 0.010%.
Compare with the converter dephosphorization technical study, the technical study of present domestic electric furnace dephosphorization is less relatively, and the ultimate principle of the dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere in the Electric furnace steel making introduced in " dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere in the Electric furnace steel making " literary composition that " special steel technology " 04 phase in 1997 delivers.Its literary composition has been inquired into the several main factors that influences dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere from two aspects of thermodynamics and kinetics, be bath temperature, basicity of slag, slag oxidation and the quantity of slag etc., analyzed the relation of steel-making on-the-spot fusing basicity of slag and dephosphorization rate, the relation of oxidation initial temperature and decarburized amount and dephosphorization V-bar.The electric furnace dephosphorization technology of present domestic report can only reduce to 0.010% and lower slightly with phosphorus content in the molten steel, and its deficiency: phosphorus content is higher in the molten steel, can't satisfy user or market demand.
When the user is lower to the phosphorus content requirement, such as, phosphorus content requires less than 0.005%, then adopt existing technology just can't reach, especially for the steel mill of no hot metal pretreatment equipment, this problem seems more outstanding, therefore, must explore new dephosphorization technology is solved.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome in the molten steel of Electric furnace steel making of present existence phosphorous higher, be that weight percent is 0.01% and lower slightly, the cleanliness factor that makes steel is low and can not satisfy the deficiency of market demand, its be to provide a kind of make phosphorus weight percent in the tapping be controlled at≤0.002%, the method for the electric furnace deslagging and dephosphorizing of the high-quality clean steel grade that can meet the need of market.
Realize the technical measures of above-mentioned purpose:
A kind of method of electric furnace deslagging and dephosphorizing, its processing step:
1) carry out slag making: hot metal charging, adding steel scrap in the electric furnace of refining just after the oxygen blast melting, add quickened lime according to 40～45kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making; Add the character that fluorite is adjusted slag according to 4～4.5kg/ ton steel;
2) carry out the deslagging first time: carry out oxygen blast and smelt after 20～30 minutes, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1500～1510 ℃, the beginning deslagging, its bed drain purge accounts for 65～0% of total quantity of slag, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be≤0.015%;
3) carry out the slag making second time: add quickened lime by 12～16kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making;
4) carry out the deslagging second time: oxygen blast 8～10 minutes, when liquid steel temperature rose to 1520～1550 ℃, beginning is deslagging for the second time, its bed drain purge is 65～70% of total quantity of slag, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be≤0.010%;
5) carry out slag making for the third time: add quickened lime according to 10～14kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making;
6) carry out deslagging for the third time: its bed drain purge is total quantity of slag 65～70%, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be≤0.005%;
7) carry out the 4th slag making: add quickened lime according to 8～10kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making again;
8) oxygen blast insulation after the weight percent of phosphorus is≤0.002%, is carried out oxygen blast and sprays carbon according to design requirements heating up, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1610～1630 ℃, begin to adopt and stay steel to stay slag operation, tap be in the ladle molten steel total volume 85～90%, in tapping process, forbid slag down.
It is to carry out the second time during deslagging, and its temperature is controlled at 1520～1530 ℃.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
One, the present invention can be reduced to the phosphorus element content in the steel below 0.002% in process of production, produces the super clean welding steel that satisfies user's needs.
Two, the present invention provides the approach of producing Clean Steel for the steel mill that does not have hot metal pretreatment.
Three, the present invention does not need to increase investment substantially, can produce high-quality product.
Fig. 1 tests tapping P content graphic representation in 20 heats for the present invention
Fig. 2 tests P content graphic representation in the Finished Steel of 20 heats for the present invention
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of electric furnace deslagging and dephosphorizing, its processing step:
1) carry out slag making: hot metal charging, adding steel scrap in the electric furnace of refining just after the oxygen blast melting, add quickened lime according to 40kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making; Add fluorite according to 4kg/ ton steel and adjust the character of slag to requiring;
2) carry out the deslagging first time: after oxygen blast was smelted 20～22 minutes, and liquid steel temperature is when rising to 1500～1505 ℃, the beginning deslagging, its bed drain purge accounts for 65% of total quantity of slag, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be 0.014%;
3) carry out the slag making second time: add quickened lime by 12kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making;
4) carry out the deslagging second time: oxygen blast 8～9 minutes, when liquid steel temperature rose to 1520～1530 ℃, beginning is deslagging for the second time, its bed drain purge is 65% of total quantity of slag, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be 0.009%;
5) carry out slag making for the third time: add quickened lime according to 10kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making; Its bed drain purge is total quantity of slag 65%, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be 0.0045%;
7) carry out the 4th slag making: add quickened lime according to 8kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making again;
8) oxygen blast insulation, after the weight percent of phosphorus is≤0.002%, carry out oxygen blast and spray carbon heating up according to design requirements, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1610～1615 ℃, begin to adopt the tapping steel of staying steel to stay slag, its tap be in the ladle molten steel total volume 85%, in tapping process, forbid having following slag phenomenon.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of electric furnace deslagging and dephosphorizing, its processing step:
1) carry out slag making: hot metal charging, adding steel scrap in the electric furnace of refining just after the oxygen blast melting, add quickened lime according to 42kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making; Add fluorite according to 4.2kg/ ton steel and adjust the character of slag to requiring;
2) carry out the deslagging first time: after oxygen blast was smelted 24～26 minutes, and liquid steel temperature is when rising to 1504～1507 ℃, the beginning deslagging, its bed drain purge accounts for 67% of total quantity of slag, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be 0.0125%;
3) carry out the slag making second time: add quickened lime by 14kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making;
4) carry out the deslagging second time: oxygen blast 9 minutes, when liquid steel temperature rose to 1535～1540 ℃, beginning is deslagging for the second time, its bed drain purge is 68% of total quantity of slag, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be 0.0075%;
5) carry out slag making for the third time: add quickened lime according to 12kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making; Its bed drain purge is total quantity of slag 67.5%, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be 0.004%;
7) carry out the 4th slag making: add quickened lime according to 9kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making again;
8) oxygen blast insulation, after the weight percent rise of phosphorus is measured to≤0.002%, carry out oxygen blast and spray carbon heating up according to design requirements, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1615～1620 ℃, begin to adopt the tapping steel of staying steel to stay slag, its tap be in the ladle molten steel total volume 88%, in tapping process, forbid having following slag phenomenon.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of electric furnace deslagging and dephosphorizing, its processing step:
1) carry out slag making: hot metal charging, adding steel scrap in the electric furnace of refining just after the oxygen blast melting, add quickened lime according to 45kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making; Add fluorite according to 4.5kg/ ton steel and adjust the character of slag to requiring;
2) carry out the deslagging first time: after oxygen blast was smelted 28～30 minutes, and liquid steel temperature is when rising to 1506～1510 ℃, the beginning deslagging, its bed drain purge accounts for 70% of total quantity of slag, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be 0.0116%;
3) carry out the slag making second time: add quickened lime by 16kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making;
4) carry out the deslagging second time: oxygen blast 10 minutes, when liquid steel temperature rose to 1545～1550 ℃, beginning is deslagging for the second time, its bed drain purge is 70% of total quantity of slag, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be 0.007%;
5) carry out slag making for the third time: add quickened lime according to 14kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making; Its bed drain purge is total quantity of slag 70%, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be 0.0032%;
7) carry out the 4th slag making: add quickened lime according to 10kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making again;
8) oxygen blast insulation, after the weight percent rise of phosphorus is measured to≤0.002%, carry out oxygen blast and spray carbon heating up according to design requirements, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1605～1628 ℃, begin to adopt the tapping steel of staying steel to stay slag, its tap be in the ladle molten steel total volume 90%, in tapping process, forbid having following slag phenomenon.
From the curve of test Fig. 1, Fig. 2 of being drawn as can be known, tapping P content of the present invention all is controlled at below 0.002%, and Finished Steel P content is all less than 0.005%, and it has satisfied the requirement of the high-quality clean steel grade of the market requirement fully.
Claims (2)
1. the method for an electric furnace deslagging and dephosphorizing, its processing step:
1) carry out slag making: hot metal charging, adding steel scrap in the electric furnace of refining just after the oxygen blast melting, add quickened lime according to 40～45kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making; Add the character that fluorite is adjusted slag according to 4～4.5kg/ ton steel;
2) carry out the deslagging first time: carry out oxygen blast and smelt after 20～30 minutes, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1500～1510 ℃, the beginning deslagging, its bed drain purge accounts for 65～70% of total quantity of slag, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be≤0.015%;
3) carry out the slag making second time: add quickened lime by 12～16kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making;
4) carry out the deslagging second time: oxygen blast 8～10 minutes, when liquid steel temperature rose to 1520～1545 ℃, beginning is deslagging for the second time, its bed drain purge is 65～70% of total quantity of slag, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be≤0.010%;
5) carry out slag making for the third time: add quickened lime according to 10～14kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making;
6) carry out deslagging for the third time: its bed drain purge is total quantity of slag 65～70%, and control phosphorus to reduce to weight percent be≤0.005%;
7) carry out the 4th slag making: add quickened lime according to 8～10kg/ ton steel and carry out slag making again;
8) oxygen blast insulation after the weight percent of phosphorus is≤0.002%, is carried out oxygen blast and sprays carbon according to design requirements heating up, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1610～1630 ℃, begin to adopt and stay steel to stay slag operation, tap be in the ladle molten steel total volume 85～90%, in tapping process, forbid slag down.
2. the method for a kind of electric furnace deslagging and dephosphorizing according to claim 1 is characterized in that carrying out the second time during deslagging, and its temperature is controlled at 1520～1530 ℃.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101892352B (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2011-12-28 | 辽宁中汇环保科技有限公司 | Arc furnace deep dephosphorization technology and deep dephosphorization agent thereof |
| CN102465194B (en) * | 2010-11-13 | 2013-04-03 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Dephosphorization method of molten iron for stainless steel production |
| CN102634634B (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-06-19 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Method for producing high-alloy low-phosphorous steel used for boiler tube by adopting electric-arc furnace |
| CN102732777B (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2015-08-19 | 承德建龙特殊钢有限公司 | A kind of production method of low P, S, Ti steel |
| CN106544467B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-12-04 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of high alloy Low-phosphorus Steel method in high molten iron proportion electric furnace smelting |
| CN112210639A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-12 | 上海电气上重铸锻有限公司 | Method for rapidly dephosphorizing by electric arc furnace |
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Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 朱苗勇.《现代冶金学（钢铁冶金卷）》.《现代冶金学（钢铁冶金卷）》.冶金工业出版社,2005,(第1版),第243-244页. * |
| 赵柏青,徐太安.电炉氧化期强化脱磷的工艺分析,.《一重技术》.2007,(第1期),第30-32页. * |
| 顾文兵，刘晓，杨宝权.宝钢电炉纯净钢生产实践.《钢铁》.2000,第35卷(第3期),第16-18页. * |
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