CN106148630A - A kind of method of converter smelting low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel - Google Patents
A kind of method of converter smelting low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106148630A CN106148630A CN201510135407.XA CN201510135407A CN106148630A CN 106148630 A CN106148630 A CN 106148630A CN 201510135407 A CN201510135407 A CN 201510135407A CN 106148630 A CN106148630 A CN 106148630A
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Abstract
The method that the invention discloses a kind of converter smelting low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel, mainly solves in prior art, w [P]≤0.0080%, w [S]≤0.0040% technical problem being difficult in the converter tapping ladle chemistry that converter smelting produces.The method that the technical scheme is that a kind of converter smelting low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel, comprises the following steps: add steel scrap, hot metal charging；Bessemerize desiliconization, dephosphorization, arrange pre-slag；Bessemerize decarburization；Converter tapping；Slag splashing and deslagging.The present invention is by limiting converter metal charge and slag making ratio of adjuvant and sulfur content, use and bessemerize desiliconization, dephosphorization phase and the control of carbon period, play converter each stage dephosphorization, desulphurizing ability, and early stage tapping process, the method controlling ash-retention efficiency, it is achieved that w [P]≤0.0080%, the smelting of w [S]≤0.0040% in converter tapping ladle chemistry.The process stabilizing of the inventive method, reduces production cost.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method that the present invention relates to converter smelting molten steel, particularly to the method for a kind of converter smelting low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel, belongs to converter steeling technology field.
Background technology
Phosphorus, sulfur are the harmful elements in most steel grade.In recent years, some steel grades propose the highest requirement to element p and s simultaneously.Such as automobile body outer board steel, typically require w in steel [P]≤0.010%, w [S]≤0.0060%.At present, the representative production method of low-phosphorous low-sulfur steel is to carry out deep dephosphorization in converter, then carries out deep desulfurization at LF stove.The deficiency that this technique exists is that the low-phosphorous low nitrogen steel water of converter smelting can be contaminated when the deep desulfurization of LF stove processes, and needs first deoxidation mainly due to molten steel desulfurizing, first molten steel and ladle slag must be carried out deoxidation, make reproducibility slag desulfurization.Therefore, the phosphate in ladle slag can be reduced in entrance molten steel, causes rephosphorization of molten steel；The molten steel of deoxidation simultaneously is inhaled nitrogen ability and is strengthened, and desulfurization needs stronger stirring, too increases molten steel and inhales nitrogen.Therefore, the exploitation of converter smelting low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel technology gradually comes into one's own.
Some iron and steel enterprises are that ore deposit cost is joined in reduction, and in molten iron, phosphorus content is 0.12%～0.16%, and molten iron pretreatment carries out compound powder injection desulphurization, and molten iron does not carry out desiliconization and dephosphorization；Using converter single slag process to produce the phosphorus content steel grade less than 0.012%, converter ton steel lime consumption is more than 70kg, and ton steel calcined magnesite ball consumption is more than 16kg, and the oxidisability of converter terminal slag is strong, tapping temperature is low (less than 1630 DEG C), and smelting cost is high.
Converter smelting Low-phosphorus Steel technology disclosed in existing document, the technology of low phosphorus steel by smelting in a converter, its representational technology is converter double slag dephosphorization, it it is the feature utilizing the converter initial stage to be conducive to dephosphorization, decarburization smelting is carried out again after being outwelled by dephosphorized slag, make dephosphorized slag and decarbonized slag the most respectively, realize the smelting of converter Low-phosphorus Steel；As, Chinese patent CN
101363068 A、CN 102559985 A、CN 102534098 A、CN
102634629 A, CN 102212643 A, CN 103103308 A and CN
103194564 A all disclose converter double slag dephosphorization process control method from different aspects, and its problem existed is that converter terminal uses lower temperature (less than 1650 DEG C) to control, and converter cold melt can affect converter desulfurization degree and prolongation refining furnace processes the cycle；Meanwhile, partial monopoly converter terminal uses strong oxidizing property to control, and is unfavorable for Cleanliness of Molten Steel control.Chinese patent CN
101363068 A, CN 102534098 A, CN 103103308 A and CN
Kiln process ash-retention efficiency is described and controls by 102212643 A, but specifically measures the most accurately and control ash-retention efficiency and then do not illustrate, and has no that this type of technology is open, also has no that the control technology in terms of converter smelting low-sulfur molten steel is open；Chinese Patent Application No. is
201410233273.0 disclose " control method of a kind of converter less-slag melting early stage deslagging ", this patent is by smelting control and early stage deslagging control desiliconization, dephosphorization phase, converter pre-slag dephosphorization rate is made to reach more than 60%, get rid of slag weight and account for the 50%～70% of total slag weight, reach converter early stage dephosphorization and reduce the purpose of converter slag-making supplementary product onsumption.
Summary of the invention
The method that it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of converter smelting low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel, mainly solves w [P]≤0.0080%, w [S]≤0.0040% technical problem being difficult in the converter tapping ladle chemistry that in prior art, converter smelting produces.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The method of a kind of converter smelting low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel, comprises the following steps:
A, employing top and bottom combined blown converter smelting, the percentage by weight of the raw material composition putting into metal major ingredient is that molten iron is 88%～94%, and surplus is light-duty steel scrap, w [P]≤0.16%, w [S]≤0.0015% in molten iron chemical composition, w [S]≤0.0060% in light-duty steel scrap chemical composition；
B, when converter oxygen gun leads to oxygen point fire add converter slag-making adjuvant carry out slag making, converter slag-making adjuvant is quick lime, calcined magnesite ball, iron ore, wherein w [S]≤0.018% in w [S]≤0.035%, iron ore in w [S]≤0.020%, calcined magnesite ball in quick lime；
C, bessemerizing desiliconization, dephosphorization, converter desiliconization, the oxygen-supplying amount of dephosphorization phase are smelt heat total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent 26%～34%, and it is 2.7～3.3Nm that oxygen supply intensity controls3/ (min t)；Bottom-blowing of converter argon flow amount controls 0.05～0.08Nm3/ (min t)；Rifle position → low rifle position → high rifle position on the basis of converter desiliconization, the control of the rifle position of dephosphorization phase, first uses benchmark rifle position, and controlling blowing oxygen quantity is the 4%～6% of total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent；Using low rifle position again, controlling blowing oxygen quantity is the 18%～22% of total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent；Finally using high rifle position again, controlling blowing oxygen quantity is the 4%～6% of total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent；Converter desiliconization, the addition of dephosphorization phase quick lime, when entering w [Si]≤0.3% in stove molten iron, the ton steel addition of quick lime is 3～12kg；When entering 0.3% ＜ w [Si]≤0.7% in stove molten iron, the ton steel addition of quick lime is 12～26kg/ ton steel；When entering 0.7% ＜ w [Si] in stove molten iron, the ton steel addition of quick lime is 26～34kg/ ton steel；The ton steel addition of calcined magnesite ball is 3～8kg, and the ton steel addition of iron ore is 0～40kg/ ton steel；
D, converter desiliconization, dephosphorization phase terminate to carry out deslagging, and deslagging obtains half steel molten steel after terminating, and the deslagging phase increases bottom-blowing of converter flow, and bottom-blowing of converter flow-control is 0.08～0.15Nm3/ (min t), it is 70%～80% that ash-retention efficiency controls；
E, bessemerizing decarburization, the oxygen-supplying amount of carbon period is smelt heat total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent 66%～74%, and it is 3.1～3.6Nm that oxygen supply intensity controls3/ (min t), bottom-blowing of converter flow-control is 0.02～0.05Nm3/ (min t)；The rifle position of converter carbon period controls to be high rifle position → benchmark rifle position → low rifle position, first uses high rifle position, adds strengthening slag, and controlling blowing oxygen quantity is the 31%～35% of total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent；Using benchmark rifle position again, controlling blowing oxygen quantity is the 28%～36% of total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent；Finally using low rifle position again, add strong mixing, reduce FeO content in slag, controlling blowing oxygen quantity is the 5%～7% of total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent；The ton steel addition of quick lime is 10～25kg, and the ton steel addition of calcined magnesite ball is 3～8kg, and the ton steel addition of iron ore is 0～10kg；
The control of the carbon oxygen product value of molten steel in f, converter steelmaking process, in converter, the carbon oxygen product value of molten steel controls is 0.0024～0.0030, the flat mixing effect that can effectively reflect bottom-blowing of converter of the carbon oxygen hydrops of molten steel, the carbon oxygen of molten steel amasss the bottom-blowing of converter best results when 0.0024～0.0030, being conducive to smelting process steadily to reduce splash, heretofore described carbon oxygen product value refers to the product value of the mass percentage content of the mass percentage content of the carbon of molten steel and steel oxygen in water in converter；
G, bessemerize and tap after end；
H, converter tapping carry out slag splashing after terminating, and slag splashing outwells the slag being unbonded on converter lining after terminating.
Repeat step of the present invention, start the smelting of next stove molten steel.
Further, in step b of the present invention, the percentage by weight of calcined magnesite ball chemical composition is MgO 58%～70%, CaO 20%～30%, SiO2≤ 5%, scaling loss≤10%.
In step c of the present invention, bessemerize desiliconization, dephosphorization phase slag dual alkalinity is 1.3～1.7, and in slag, FeO mass fraction is 15%～25%；Bath temperature is 1350～1400 DEG C.
In step d of the present invention, utilize the weighing equipment on steel slag tank and the slag ladle weight display on converter grate platform, ash-retention efficiency during early stage deslagging, can be accurately controlled.
In step e of the present invention, bessemerizing decarbonized slag (converter terminal slag) dual alkalinity is 4.5～5.5, and in slag, MgO mass fraction is 9.0%～11.0%；Converter terminal molten steel dissociates w [O]≤0.070%；Converter terminal temperature 1660 DEG C～1690 DEG C.
In step c of the present invention, e, converter oxygen gun benchmark rifle position is H0+H0* (0.12～0.18), high rifle position is H0+H0* (0.2～0.5), low rifle position is H0+H0* (0.05～0.10), H0For steel water surface elevation in converter.
In converter slag-making adjuvant of the present invention, quick lime is the metallurgical quick lime of converter smelting molten steel.
The present invention utilizes converter early stage temperature low, and the beneficially feature of dephosphorization makes early stage dephosphorized slag, by smelting process control, in removing molten iron about the 70% of phosphorus element content；In row's pre-slag stage, by increasing bottom blowing flow, and utilize the weighing equipment on steel slag tank, control high ash-retention efficiency；At converter carbon period, having changed smelting process slag, converter terminal controls certain oxidisability and temperature, the method removing molten steel phosphorus further, it is achieved that w [P]≤0.0080% in the tapping ladle chemistry of converter smelting.
The present invention, by limiting converter metal charge and slag making ratio of adjuvant and sulfur content, controls the source of molten steel sulfur content；By bessemerizing desiliconization, the slag making of dephosphorization phase and the deslagging of early stage, pour out SiO2The slag that content is high, beneficially later stage use less slag making adjuvant to make the converter terminal slag of high alkalinity, reduce the amount of bringing into of slag making adjuvant sulfur；By converter terminal high temperature, high alkalinity slag and the control of relatively low oxidative molten steel, improve the desulphurizing ability of converter terminal slag so that the distribution ratio (L of converter terminal sulfurS=w (S)/w [S]) it is the method for 3～7, it is achieved that w [S]≤0.0040% in the tapping ladle chemistry of converter smelting.
The present invention has following good effect compared to existing technology:
1, the present invention has broken the technical bottleneck of existing converter smelting low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel, it is achieved that the smelting of the molten steel of w [P]≤0.0080%, w [S]≤0.0040% in converter tapping ladle chemistry.
2, the inventive method process stabilizing, ladle chemistry is smelted and is shot straight, reduces the production cost of low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, it is further elucidated with the present invention, it should be understood that following detailed description of the invention is merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limits the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment as shown in table 1 to table 5, as a example by the top and bottom combined blown converter smelting trades mark of 150 tons are for SEDDQ-1 car inner plate steel, converter steelmaking process bottom blown gas is argon, and concrete operations are as follows:
Table 1 converter smelting of the present invention metal charge, slag making ratio of adjuvant and composition
Table 2 converter smelting of the present invention desiliconization, dephosphorization phase technological parameter
Table 3 converter smelting of the present invention early stage deslagging technological parameter
Table 4 converter smelting of the present invention carbon period technological parameter
Table 5 converter smelting endpoint of the present invention index
The embodiment of the present invention 1～4, the loss per ton steel of converter smelting Calx is respectively 32.9kg, 28.9kg, 28.9kg and 36.0kg；The loss per ton steel of calcined magnesite ball is respectively 10.9kg, 12kg, 9.6kg and 10.8kg；In converter tapping ladle chemistry, w [P] is respectively 0.0062%, 0.0059%, 0.0074% and 0.0053%；In converter tapping ladle chemistry, w [S] is respectively 0.0032%, 0.0031%, 0.0027% and 0.0028%；It is 100% that converter molten steel is smelt rate, and in converter tapping ladle chemistry, w [P]≤0.0080%, w [S]≤0.0040%, reduce the production cost of low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel.
Claims (5)
1. a method for converter smelting low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel, is characterized in that, described method comprises the following steps:
Use top and bottom combined blown converter smelting, the percentage by weight of the raw material composition putting into metal major ingredient is that molten iron is 88%～94%, and surplus is light-duty steel scrap, w [P]≤0.16%, w [S]≤0.0015% in molten iron chemical composition, w [S]≤0.0060% in light-duty steel scrap chemical composition；
Add converter slag-making adjuvant when converter oxygen gun leads to oxygen point fire and carry out slag making, converter slag-making adjuvant is quick lime, calcined magnesite ball, iron ore, wherein w [S]≤0.018% in w [S]≤0.035%, iron ore in w [S]≤0.020%, calcined magnesite ball in quick lime；
Bessemerizing desiliconization, dephosphorization, converter desiliconization, the oxygen-supplying amount of dephosphorization phase are smelt heat total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent 26%～34%, and it is 2.7～3.3Nm that oxygen supply intensity controls3/ (min t)；Bottom-blowing of converter argon flow amount controls 0.05～0.08Nm3/ (min t)；Rifle position → low rifle position → high rifle position on the basis of converter desiliconization, the control of the rifle position of dephosphorization phase, first uses benchmark rifle position, and controlling blowing oxygen quantity is the 4%～6% of total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent；Using low rifle position again, controlling blowing oxygen quantity is the 18%～22% of total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent；Finally using high rifle position again, controlling blowing oxygen quantity is the 4%～6% of total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent；Converter desiliconization, the addition of dephosphorization phase quick lime, when entering w [Si]≤0.3% in stove molten iron, the ton steel addition of quick lime is 3～12kg；When entering 0.3% ＜ w [Si]≤0.7% in stove molten iron, the ton steel addition of quick lime is 12～26kg/ ton steel；When entering 0.7% ＜ w [Si] in stove molten iron, the ton steel addition of quick lime is 26～34kg/ ton steel；The ton steel addition of calcined magnesite ball is 3～8kg, and the ton steel addition of iron ore is 0～40kg/ ton steel；
Converter desiliconization, dephosphorization phase terminate to carry out deslagging, and deslagging obtains half steel molten steel after terminating, and bottom-blowing of converter flow-control is 0.08～0.15Nm3/ (min t), it is 70%～80% that ash-retention efficiency controls；
Bessemerizing decarburization, the oxygen-supplying amount of carbon period is smelt heat total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent 66%～74%, and it is 3.1～3.6Nm that oxygen supply intensity controls3/ (min t), bottom-blowing of converter flow-control is 0.02～0.05Nm3/ (min t)；The rifle position of converter carbon period controls to be high rifle position → benchmark rifle position → low rifle position, first uses high rifle position, adds strengthening slag, and controlling blowing oxygen quantity is the 31%～35% of total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent；Using benchmark rifle position again, controlling blowing oxygen quantity is the 28%～36% of total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent；Finally using low rifle position again, add strong mixing, controlling blowing oxygen quantity is the 5%～7% of total oxygen-supplying amount mass percent；The ton steel addition of quick lime is 10～25kg, and the ton steel addition of calcined magnesite ball is 3～8kg, and the ton steel addition of iron ore is 0～10kg；
In converter steelmaking process, the carbon oxygen product value of molten steel controls is 0.0024～0.0030；
Tap after bessemerizing end；
Converter tapping carries out slag splashing after terminating, and slag splashing outwells the slag being unbonded on converter lining after terminating.
The method of a kind of converter smelting the most as claimed in claim 1 low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel, is characterized in that, the percentage by weight of described calcined magnesite ball chemical composition is MgO 58%～70%, CaO 20%～30%, SiO2≤ 5%, scaling loss≤10%.
The method of a kind of converter smelting the most as claimed in claim 1 low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel, is characterized in that, in described step c, bessemerizes desiliconization, dephosphorization phase slag dual alkalinity is 1.3～1.7, and in slag, FeO mass fraction is 15%～25%；Bath temperature is 1350～1400 DEG C.
The method of a kind of converter smelting the most as claimed in claim 1 low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel, is characterized in that, in described step e, bessemerizing decarbonized slag (converter terminal slag) dual alkalinity is 4.5～5.5, and in slag, MgO mass fraction is 9.0%～11.0%；Converter terminal molten steel dissociates w [O]≤0.070%；Converter terminal temperature 1660 DEG C～1690 DEG C.
The method of a kind of converter smelting the most as claimed in claim 1 low-phosphorous low-sulfur molten steel, is characterized in that, in described step c, e, converter oxygen gun benchmark rifle position is H0+H0* (0.12～0.18), high rifle position is H0+H0* (0.2～0.5), low rifle position is H0+H0* (0.05～0.10), H0For steel water surface elevation in converter.
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| CN106242524A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-21 | 佛山石湾华鹏陶瓷有限公司 | A kind of pure white polished glazed tile and preparation method thereof |
| CN107604120A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-19 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Low-phosphorous low-sulfur method for making steel |
| CN109022670A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-18 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of converter steel making method producing ultra-low phosphoretic steel |
| CN110042189A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-07-23 | 宁波钢铁有限公司 | A kind of converter slag-making method of high efficiency dephosphorating |
| CN110273043A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-09-24 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of converter molten steel dephosphorization technology |
| CN110938726A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-31 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for smelting low-phosphorus molten steel by converter |
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| CN111926139A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-13 | 北京科技大学 | Method for prolonging service life of converter lining during production of low-carbon low-phosphorus steel |
| CN112111622A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-12-22 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Blowing method for converter with low molten iron consumption |
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| CN106242524A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-21 | 佛山石湾华鹏陶瓷有限公司 | A kind of pure white polished glazed tile and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109022670A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-18 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of converter steel making method producing ultra-low phosphoretic steel |
| CN110938726A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-31 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for smelting low-phosphorus molten steel by converter |
| CN110042189A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-07-23 | 宁波钢铁有限公司 | A kind of converter slag-making method of high efficiency dephosphorating |
| CN110273043A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-09-24 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of converter molten steel dephosphorization technology |
| CN110273043B (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2021-05-25 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Dephosphorization process for molten steel of converter |
| CN112111622A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-12-22 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Blowing method for converter with low molten iron consumption |
| CN112126737A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-25 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Production method of low-sulfur alloy molten steel |
| CN112126737B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2022-04-15 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Production method of low-sulfur alloy molten steel |
| CN111705265A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-25 | 张家港联峰钢铁研究所有限公司 | Steel for automobile anti-skid chains in alpine regions and converter smelting process of steel |
| CN111926139A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-13 | 北京科技大学 | Method for prolonging service life of converter lining during production of low-carbon low-phosphorus steel |
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