CN104232955B - A kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC composite - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN104232955B CN104232955B CN201410494100.4A CN201410494100A CN104232955B CN 104232955 B CN104232955 B CN 104232955B CN 201410494100 A CN201410494100 A CN 201410494100A CN 104232955 B CN104232955 B CN 104232955B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the preparation method of a kind of Cu Cr FeC composite, by after Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder mechanical mixture through pre-stamped formation blank, blank through Wetted constructures, i.e. obtains Cu Cr FeC composite after vacuum induction melting.The preparation method of Cu Cr FeC composite of the present invention, by adding chromium and different amounts of carbon containing iron powder during preparing Cu-base composites, vacuum induction melting makes melted alloy not produce segregation, and degassing rate can also be accelerated, the alloy making melting is uniform, gas content is few, makes Cu-base composites undergo phase transition strengthening and precipitation strength, improves its intensity and electric conductivity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of composite preparation, be specifically related to a kind of Cu-Cr-FeC composite
Preparation method.
Background technology
Cu-base composites is the new function material that a class has excellent comprehensive performance, has both had excellent
Electric conductivity, has again high intensity and superior high-temperature behavior.The matter of utmost importance that exploitation copper-based material runs into
Be electric conductivity and the intensity of the material contradiction that is difficult to take into account, i.e. conductance height then intensity is low, the raising of intensity
It is to lose electrical conductivity as cost.And Cu-Fe composite material under the basis that cost is the highest can by this two
Point maximizing performance.
Chromiumcopper is with Cu as matrix, adds chromium and other trace elements pass through series of chemical
The nonmetal oxide generated, because it has higher intensity and hardness and good electric conductivity, in work
The field requiring high-strength highly-conductive in industry has a wide range of applications.
Vacuum induction melting (Vacuum induction melting is called for short VIM) is a kind of at vacuum bar
Electromagnetic inductive heating principle is utilized to carry out the smithcraft processing procedure of smelting metal under part.During electromagnetic induction
Vortex flow can be produced, make metal molten.This processing procedure, when melting copper based composites, can make copper-based compound
Material is while keeping good electric conductivity, and alloy strength has obtained more effective raising, and improves
Wear-resisting, the decay resistance of material.
Electric conductivity and intensity in order to make copper iron composite material have certain breakthrough, the present invention by Cu powder,
After the mixing of Cr powder, FeC powder, vacuum induction melting method is used to prepare Cu-Cr-FeC composite.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the preparation method of a kind of Cu-Cr-FeC composite, prepare
Cu-Cr-FeC composite has higher intensity and electric conductivity.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, the preparation method of a kind of Cu-Cr-FeC composite, will
Through pre-stamped formation blank after Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder mechanical mixture, blank is through vacuum induction
Through Wetted constructures after melting, i.e. obtain Cu-Cr-FeC composite.
The feature of the present invention also resides in,
Mechanical mixture is to load in ball grinder, by powder gross mass by Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder
20～40 times add abrading-ball, mix powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min.
The mass ratio of FeC powder and Cu powder is 12～32:68～88, the quality of Cr powder be FeC powder with
The 0.8% of Cu powder gross mass.
Pre-stamped be by mechanical mixture after powder sieve after suppressed by cold stamping die, pressing pressure 10～
300KN, pressurize 30～120 seconds formation blanks.
Vacuum induction melting is to be contained in high purity graphite crucible by the blank of pre-stamped formation, then puts into true
In empty induction melting furnace, vacuum reaches 10-1～10-3After Pa, in induction melting furnace, it is passed through Ar gas extremely
In stove, pressure reaches 0.05～0.08Mpa, and the electric current gradually starting to strengthen on coil is to 30～40A, directly
To metal melt, under this electric current, it is incubated 3～5min so that it is stir, then by the electricity on coil
Stream drops to 0.0A, finally fills Ar gas and takes out quickly cooling to 0.1Mpa.
Aging temperature is 250～450 DEG C, is incubated 2～6h.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC composite of the present invention, by
Adding chromium and different amounts of carbon containing iron powder during preparing Cu-base composites, vacuum induction melting makes to melt
Alloy does not produces segregation, and can also accelerate degassing rate, and the alloy making melting is uniform, gas
Body burden is few, makes Cu-base composites undergo phase transition strengthening and precipitation strength, improves its intensity and electric conductivity
Energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be the Cu-Cr-FeC composite prepared of present invention electrical conductivity under different FeC content and
Hardness curve；
Fig. 2 is Cu-Cr-FeC composite metallographic structure prepared by the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the martensitic structure figure of phase transformation strengthening in Cu-Cr-FeC composite prepared by the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC composite of the present invention, by Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder machinery
Through pre-stamped formation blank after mixing, blank through Wetted constructures, to obtain final product after vacuum induction melting
To Cu-Cr-FeC composite.
Specifically implement according to following steps:
Step 1, weighs Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder respectively, and FeC powder with the mass ratio of Cu powder is
The quality of 12～32:68～88, Cr powder is the 0.8% of FeC powder and Cu powder gross mass, proceeds to ball milling
In tank, by 20～40 times of addition abrading-balls of powder gross mass, mix powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min；
Step 2, is suppressed by cold stamping die after being sieved by the powder after step 1 mechanical mixture, compacting pressure
Power 10～300KN, pressurize 30～120 seconds formation blanks；
Step 3, is contained in the blank of pre-stamped for step 2 formation in high purity graphite crucible, then puts into true
In empty induction melting furnace, vacuum reaches 10-1～10-3After Pa, in induction melting furnace, it is passed through Ar gas extremely
In stove, pressure reaches 0.05～0.08Mpa, and the electric current gradually starting to strengthen on coil is to 30～40A, directly
To metal melt, under this electric current, it is incubated 3～5min so that it is stir, then by the electricity on coil
Stream drops to 0.0A, finally fills Ar gas and takes out quickly cooling to 0.1Mpa；
Step 4, by the blank after step 3 vacuum induction melting through Wetted constructures, ageing process
In in order to separate out chromium, but can not make martensite or bainite structure tissue that phase in version occurs, so timeliness work
Skill is 250-450 DEG C of insulation 2-6h.
The preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC composite of the present invention, by preparing the mistake of Cu-base composites
Adding chromium and different amounts of carbon containing iron powder in journey, vacuum induction melting makes melted alloy not produce partially
Analysis, and degassing rate can also be accelerated, the alloy making melting is uniform, and gas content is few, makes copper-based compound
Material undergoes phase transition strengthening and precipitation strength, and its tensile strength can reach more than 600Mpa, intensity and leading
Electrical property also significantly improves.
Fig. 1 be the Cu-Cr-FeC composite prepared of present invention electrical conductivity under different FeC content and
Hardness curve, in Fig. 1 hardness curve upper, conductance profile under, two curves comprise embodiment
In the Cu-Cr-FeC Electrical Conductivity of Composites of 4 kinds of different FeC content and hardness number；
Fig. 2 is Cu-Cr-FeC microstructure of composite figure prepared by the present invention, phase-change organization's distribution of black
In the Copper substrate of white, play invigoration effect；
Fig. 3 is the magnification at high multiple tissue of Fig. 2, and can see strip in Fig. 3 is martensitic structure mutually, this
Plant and there is higher hardness and intensity mutually.
Embodiment 1
Step 1, weighs Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder respectively, and FeC powder with the mass ratio of Cu powder is
The quality of 12:88, Cr powder is the 0.8% of FeC powder and Cu powder gross mass, proceeds to, in ball grinder, press
20 times of addition abrading-balls of powder gross mass, mix powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min；
Step 2, is suppressed by cold stamping die after being sieved by the powder after step 1 mechanical mixture, compacting pressure
Power 10KN, pressurize forms blank in 30 seconds；
Step 3, is contained in the blank of pre-stamped for step 2 formation in high purity graphite crucible, then puts into true
In empty induction melting furnace, vacuum reaches 10-3After Pa, in induction melting furnace, it is passed through Ar gas in stove
Pressure reaches 0.05Mpa, and the electric current gradually starting to strengthen on coil is to 30A, until metal melt,
3min it is incubated so that it is stir, then the electric current on coil is dropped to 0.0A, finally under this electric current
Fill Ar gas and take out quickly cooling to 0.1Mpa；
Step 4, by the blank after step 3 vacuum induction melting through Wetted constructures, 250 DEG C of insulation 2h.
The hardness of gained composite is HB142, tensile strength 550MPa, electrical conductivity 19MS/m.
Embodiment 2
Step 1, weighs Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder respectively, and FeC powder with the mass ratio of Cu powder is
The quality of 18:82, Cr powder is the 0.8% of FeC powder and Cu powder gross mass, proceeds to, in ball grinder, press
40 times of addition abrading-balls of powder gross mass, mix powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min；
Step 2, is suppressed by cold stamping die after being sieved by the powder after step 1 mechanical mixture, compacting pressure
Power 30KN, pressurize forms blank in 120 seconds；
Step 3, is contained in the blank of pre-stamped for step 2 formation in high purity graphite crucible, then puts into true
In empty induction melting furnace, vacuum reaches 10-1After Pa, in induction melting furnace, it is passed through Ar gas in stove
Pressure reaches 0.05Mpa, and the electric current gradually starting to strengthen on coil is to 35A, until metal melt,
4min it is incubated so that it is stir, then the electric current on coil is dropped to 0.0A, finally under this electric current
Fill Ar gas and take out quickly cooling to 0.1Mpa；
Step 4, by the blank after step 3 vacuum induction melting through Wetted constructures, 300 DEG C of insulation 3h.
The hardness of gained composite is HB155, tensile strength 580MPa, electrical conductivity 16MS/m.
Embodiment 3
Step 1, weighs Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder respectively, and FeC powder with the mass ratio of Cu powder is
The quality of 24:76, Cr powder is the 0.8% of FeC powder and Cu powder gross mass, proceeds to, in ball grinder, press
30 times of addition abrading-balls of powder gross mass, mix powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min；
Step 2, is suppressed by cold stamping die after being sieved by the powder after step 1 mechanical mixture, compacting pressure
Power 100KN, pressurize forms blank in 90 seconds；
Step 3, is contained in the blank of pre-stamped for step 2 formation in high purity graphite crucible, then puts into true
In empty induction melting furnace, vacuum reaches 10-2After Pa, in induction melting furnace, it is passed through Ar gas in stove
Pressure reaches 0.06Mpa, and the electric current gradually starting to strengthen on coil is to 38A, until metal melt,
5min it is incubated so that it is stir, then the electric current on coil is dropped to 0.0A, finally under this electric current
Fill Ar gas and take out quickly cooling to 0.1Mpa；
Step 4, by the blank after step 3 vacuum induction melting through Wetted constructures, 350 DEG C of insulation 3.5h.
The hardness of gained composite is HB150, tensile strength 590MPa, electrical conductivity 14MS/m.
Embodiment 4
Step 1, weighs Cu powder, Cr powder and FeC powder respectively, and FeC powder with the mass ratio of Cu powder is
The quality of 32:68, Cr powder is the 0.8% of FeC powder and Cu powder gross mass, proceeds to, in ball grinder, press
40 times of addition abrading-balls of powder gross mass, mix powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min；
Step 2, is suppressed by cold stamping die after being sieved by the powder after step 1 mechanical mixture, compacting pressure
Power 300KN, pressurize forms blank in 60 seconds；
Step 3, is contained in the blank of pre-stamped for step 2 formation in high purity graphite crucible, then puts into true
In empty induction melting furnace, vacuum reaches 10-3After Pa, in induction melting furnace, it is passed through Ar gas in stove
Pressure reaches 0.08Mpa, and the electric current gradually starting to strengthen on coil is to 40A, until metal melt,
5min it is incubated so that it is stir, then the electric current on coil is dropped to 0.0A, finally under this electric current
Fill Ar gas and take out quickly cooling to 0.1Mpa；
Step 4, by the blank after step 3 vacuum induction melting through Wetted constructures, 400 DEG C of insulation 4h.
Gained composite hardness is HB165, tensile strength 610MPa, electrical conductivity 12MS/m.
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method of a Cu-Cr-FeC composite, it is characterised in that by after Cu powder, Cr powder and carbon containing iron powder mechanical mixture through pre-stamped formation blank, blank through Wetted constructures, i.e. obtains Cu-Cr-FeC composite after vacuum induction melting；
Described vacuum induction melting is to be contained in high purity graphite crucible by the blank of pre-stamped formation, then puts in vacuum induction melting furnace, and vacuum reaches 10-1～10-3After Pa, in induction melting furnace, it is passed through Ar gas to pressure in stove reaches 0.05～0. 08MPa, the electric current gradually starting to strengthen on coil is to 30～40A, until metal melt, 3～5min it are incubated under this electric current, make it stir, then the electric current on coil is dropped to 0.0A, finally fill Ar gas and take out quickly cooling to 0. 1MPa.
The preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC composite the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described mechanical mixture is to load in ball grinder by Cu powder, Cr powder and carbon containing iron powder, by 20～40 times of addition abrading-balls of powder gross mass, mixes powder 12h with the rotating speed of 400r/min.
The preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC composite the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described carbon containing iron powder is 12～32:68～88 with the mass ratio of Cu powder, and the quality of Cr powder is the 0.8% of carbon containing iron powder and Cu powder gross mass.
The preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC composite the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pre-stamped be by mechanical mixture after powder sieve after suppressed by cold stamping die, pressing pressure 10～300kN, pressurize 30～120 seconds form blank.
The preparation method of Cu-Cr-FeC composite the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described aging temperature is 250～450 DEG C, is incubated 2～6h.
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| CN107596387B (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2020-04-03 | 北京大学 | Gold/iron carbide heterogeneous nano-particles and preparation and application thereof |
| CN109266883A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-25 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar material |
| CN114990378B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-03-10 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation method of high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper-boron alloy |
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