CN109260182B - 大麻二酚在制备治疗肺动脉高压药物中的应用 - Google Patents
大麻二酚在制备治疗肺动脉高压药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109260182B CN109260182B CN201710585028.XA CN201710585028A CN109260182B CN 109260182 B CN109260182 B CN 109260182B CN 201710585028 A CN201710585028 A CN 201710585028A CN 109260182 B CN109260182 B CN 109260182B
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Abstract
本发明属于医药领域,涉及大麻二酚(Cannabidiol,CBD)在治疗肺动脉高压中的应用。所述大麻二酚可作为唯一活性成分或者与其它活性成分联用制备治疗肺动脉高压的药物。具体地,本发明涉及选自如下的(1)至(3)中的任一项在制备治疗和/或预防肺动脉高压的药物中的用途:(1)大麻二酚,(2)一种植物提取物,其含有大麻二酚;优选地,所述植物提取物为大麻提取物,和(3)一种药物组合物,其含有大麻二酚,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料。本发明通过试验研究发现了大麻二酚抑制肺动脉高压的作用,尤其适合治疗低氧血症所致的肺动脉高压。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药领域,涉及大麻二酚在治疗肺动脉高压中的应用。
背景技术
肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertension,PAH)病因复杂,由多种心、肺或肺血管疾病引起。肺动脉高压以肺小动脉血管重构、肺动脉血管平滑肌增殖为病理特征,表现为肺循环压力和阻力增加,可出现右心负荷增大,右心功能不全,肺血流减少,从而引起一系列临床表现;病程中肺动脉高压常呈进行性发展。特别是增强肺动脉血管张力导致的右心衰,是严重威胁人类生命健康的疾病。
肺动脉高压分为原发性和继发性两类。随着对肺动脉高压认识的逐步深入,2003年世界卫生组织(WHO)“肺动脉高压会议”按照病因、病理生理、治疗方案及预后特点对肺动脉高压进行分类,2004 年美国胸科医师学院(ACCP)和欧洲心血管病学会(ESC)对此进行了修订,该分类方法对肺动脉高压患者的治疗具有指导意义。一般认为,平静状态下右心导管检测肺动脉平均压≥25mmHg时即为肺动脉高压(Badesch et al.,2009)。根据静息PAPm可将肺动脉高压进行分级,轻度为26-35mmHg;中度为36-45mmHg;重度>45mmHg。
肺动脉高压主要累及肺动脉和右心,表现为右心室肥厚,右心房扩张。肺动脉主干扩张,周围肺小动脉稀疏。肺小动脉内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞增生肥大,血管内膜纤维化增厚,中膜肥厚,管腔狭窄,闭塞,扭曲变形,呈丛状改变。肺小静脉也可以出现内膜纤维增生和管腔阻塞。肺动脉高压患者的其它表现还包括肺动脉外膜以及静脉的肥大和TGF-β的表达升高,以及弹性蛋白、纤连蛋白、细胞色素C和粘多糖等基质蛋白表达升高。
肺动脉高压是一种能够治疗的疾病,但目前尚无特效的治愈方法。传统的治疗方法包括吸氧、强心、利尿、钙通道阻滞剂和抗凝剂辅助治疗剂等,主要起到症状的缓解作用。
近年来,靶向治疗药物的研发与推广使用(主要包括前列环素类药物、内皮素受体拮抗剂、磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂以及新近探索的可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶激动剂、5-羟色胺转运子抑制剂、生长因子抑制剂、 Rho激酶抑制剂等)以及活体肺移植等治疗方法大大改善了患者的预后。
尽管这些药物能在一定程度上缓解PAH的症状,肺动脉高压目前仍然是一种无法治愈且病死率较高的疾病,患者接受治疗情况下的中位生存时间仅为2.7年,目前肺动脉高压仍缺乏特效的治愈方法,因此,寻找新的特异性治疗药物显得尤为迫切。
发明内容
本发明人经过深入的研究和创造性的劳动,惊奇地发现,大麻二酚能够有效地抑制肺动脉高压,尤其适合治疗低氧血症所致的肺动脉高压。由此提供了下述发明:
本发明的一个方面涉及选自如下的(1)至(3)中的任一项在制备治疗和/或预防肺动脉高压的药物中的用途:
(1)大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,
(2)一种植物提取物,其含有大麻二酚;优选地,所述植物提取物为大麻提取物例如工业大麻提取物,和
(3)一种药物组合物,其含有大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的用途,其中,所述肺动脉高压为原发性肺动脉高压或继发性肺动脉高压;优选地,为动脉性肺动脉高压(例如特发性肺动脉高压、可遗传性肺动脉高压、药物和毒物所致肺动脉高压或新生儿持续性肺动脉高压)、左心疾病相关性肺动脉高压(例如心脏收缩功能不全所致肺动脉高压、舒张功能不全所致肺动脉高压、瓣膜病所致肺动脉高压)、肺部疾病所致肺动脉高压(例如慢性阻塞性肺疾病所致肺动脉高压、肺气肿所致肺动脉高压或肺间质性疾病所致肺动脉高压)、低氧血症所致肺动脉高压(例如睡眠呼吸暂停综合征所致肺动脉高压、慢性高原病所致肺动脉高压比如高原性心脏病)或者慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压;更优选地,为低氧血症所致肺动脉高压。
大麻二酚(Cannabidiol,CBD)是大麻素类物质中的一种,其结构式如下面的式I所示:
所述大麻二酚即式I化合物可通过商业途径购买(例如购自Sigma 等)或者利用市售原料,通过现有技术合成。合成后可以通过柱色谱法、液液萃取法、分子蒸馏方法或结晶等方式进一步纯化。此外,大麻二酚还可以从大麻,尤其是工业大麻中提取得到。
本发明通过实验研究发现,本发明所述大麻二酚与上述化合物对低氧和药物诱导所致的肺动脉高压动物模型有明显的治疗作用。
大麻二酚的药学上可接受的盐,包括但不限于:有机铵盐、碱金属盐(钠盐、钾盐)、碱土金属盐(镁盐、锶盐、钙盐)等。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,大麻二酚的药学上可接受的盐可以为大麻二酚(CBD)与氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钙、氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、氢氧化锂、氢氧化锌、氢氧化钡、氨、甲胺、二甲胺、二乙胺、甲基吡啶、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、乙二胺、赖氨酸、精氨酸、鸟氨酸、胆碱、N,N′-二苯甲基乙二胺、氯普鲁卡因、二乙醇胺、普鲁卡因、N-苯甲基苯乙胺、N-甲基葡糖胺哌嗪、三(羟基甲基)- 氨基甲烷等形成的盐。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,大麻二酚药学上可接受的酯可以为大麻二酚与一个C0-C6烷基羧酸形成的单酯,也可以为大麻二酚与两个相同或不同的C0-C6烷基羧酸形成的二酯,所述的C0-C6烷基羧酸可以是直链烷基羧酸、支链烷基羧酸或环烷基羧酸,例如HCOOH、CH3COOH、CH3CH2COOH、CH3(CH2)2COOH、CH3(CH2)3COOH、 CH3(CH2)4COOH、(CH3)2CHCOOH、(CH3)3CCOOH、 (CH3)2CHCH2COOH、(CH3)2CH(CH2)2COOH、 (CH3)2CH(CH3)CHCOOH、(CH3)3CCH2COOH、CH3CH2(CH3)2CCOOH、环丙烷羧酸、环丁烷羧酸、环戊烷羧酸。
所述的大麻提取物,可以是含有大麻二酚的大麻,尤其是工业大麻的提取物,例如乙醇提取液、浸膏等。其中,大麻二酚的含量并不特别限定,而且可以通过本领域技术人员知悉的手段例如浓缩等来进一步提高大麻提取物中大麻二酚的含量。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的大麻提取物,其为浸膏,优选地,其中大麻二酚的含量为18%-25%。
本发明的另一方面涉及选自如下的(1)至(3)中的任一项在制备抑制炎症的药物、抑制炎症因子表达的药物或者促进抑制炎症的基因(例如Mgl2基因)的表达的药物中的用途:
(1)大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,
(2)一种植物提取物,其含有大麻二酚;优选地,所述植物提取物为大麻提取物,和
(3)一种药物组合物,其含有大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的用途,其中,所述炎症是慢性低度炎症。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的用途,其中,所述炎症因子选自TNF-α和IL-6特别是人TNF-α和人IL-6。
本发明的另一方面涉及一种药物组合物,其包含大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,或者包含含有大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯的植物提取物(例如大麻提取物),以及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的药物组合物,大麻二酚是唯一活性成分。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,大麻二酚与一种或多种其它已知的用于防治肺动脉高压的活性成分联用。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的药物组合物,其中,所述药物组合物还包含选自前列环素类药物、内皮素受体拮抗剂、磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂、可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶激动剂、5-羟色胺转运子抑制剂、生长因子抑制剂以及Rho激酶抑制剂中的任意一种或几种。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的药物组合物,其中,
所述前列环素类药物选自贝前列素(Benapnost)、曲前列素 (Treprostinil)、伊洛前列素(iloprost)和万他维(Ventavis)中的任意一种或者几种;
所述内皮素受体拮抗剂为波生坦(Bosentan);和/或
所述磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂选自西地那非(Sildenafil)、伐地那非 (Vardenafil)和他达那非(Tadalafil)。
所述药物组合物的制剂形式可以是任何可药用的剂型,这些剂型包括:片剂、糖衣片剂、薄膜衣片剂、肠溶衣片剂、胶囊剂、硬胶囊剂、软胶囊剂、口服液、口含剂、颗粒剂、冲剂、丸剂、散剂、膏剂、丹剂、混悬剂、粉剂、溶液剂、注射剂、栓剂、软膏剂、硬膏剂、霜剂、喷雾剂、滴剂、贴剂;优选口服剂型,如:胶囊剂、片剂、口服液、颗粒剂、丸剂、散剂、丹剂、膏剂等。所述的口服剂型可含有常用的赋形剂,诸如粘合剂、填充剂、稀释剂、压片剂、润滑剂、崩解剂、着色剂、调味剂和湿润剂,必要时可对片剂进行包衣。适宜的填充剂包括纤维素、甘露糖醇、乳糖和其它类似的填充剂;适宜的崩解剂包括淀粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和淀粉衍生物,例如羟基乙酸淀粉钠;适宜的润滑剂包括,例如硬脂酸镁。适宜的药物可接受的湿润剂包括十二烷基硫酸钠。
优选地,所述药物组合物为口服制剂。本发明人经试验发现,将所述大麻二酚制备的药物经口灌胃患肺动脉高压的小鼠,具有明显的治疗效果。
本发明所述药物组合物的治疗有效用量介于0.1-200mg/kg体重/ 天之间。本发明所述药物组合物的优选有效用量介于0.1-100mg/kg 体重/天之间;更优选为0.1-50mg/Kg体重/天之间。建议用在人体的所述药物组合物的优选有效用量介于0.1-50mg/kg体重/天之间;更优选为0.5-30mg/Kg体重/天之间。所述的“治疗有效用量”可用于相关疾病的单一用药或联合用药治疗。
所述治疗肺动脉高压的药物组合物(药剂)优选使用方法为口服,优选的剂量为每天0.5-30mg/Kg。
本发明的另一方面涉及一种组合产品,包括产品1和产品2,其中:
所述产品1选自如下的(1)至(3)中的任一项的产品:
(1)大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,
(2)一种植物提取物,其含有大麻二酚;优选地,所述植物提取物为大麻提取物,和
(3)一种药物组合物,其含有大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料;
所述产品2选自前列环素类药物、内皮素受体拮抗剂、磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂、可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶激动剂、5-羟色胺转运子抑制剂、生长因子抑制剂以及Rho激酶抑制剂中的任意一种或几种;
并且所述产品1和产品2是各自独立包装的。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的组合产品,其中,
所述前列环素类药物选自贝前列素(Benapnost)、曲前列素 (Treprostinil)、伊洛前列素(iloprost)和万他维(Ventavis)中的任意一种或者几种;
所述内皮素受体拮抗剂为波生坦(Bosentan);和/或
所述磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂选自西地那非(Sildenafil)、伐地那非 (Vardenafil)和他达那非(Tadalafil)。
本发明的再一方面涉及选自如下的(1)至(3)中的任一项的产品,其用于治疗和/或预防肺动脉高压:
(1)大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,
(2)一种植物提取物,其含有大麻二酚;优选地,所述植物提取物为大麻提取物,和
(3)一种药物组合物,其含有大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的产品,其中,所述肺动脉高压为原发性肺动脉高压或继发性肺动脉高压;优选地,为动脉性肺动脉高压(例如特发性肺动脉高压、可遗传性肺动脉高压、药物和毒物所致肺动脉高压或新生儿持续性肺动脉高压)、左心疾病相关性肺动脉高压(例如心脏收缩功能不全所致肺动脉高压、舒张功能不全所致肺动脉高压、瓣膜病所致肺动脉高压)、肺部疾病所致肺动脉高压(例如慢性阻塞性肺疾病所致肺动脉高压、肺气肿所致肺动脉高压或肺间质性疾病所致肺动脉高压)、低氧血症所致肺动脉高压(例如睡眠呼吸暂停综合征所致肺动脉高压、慢性高原病所致肺动脉高压比如高原性心脏病)或者慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压;更优选地,为低氧血症所致肺动脉高压。
本发明的再一方面涉及选自如下的(1)至(3)中的任一项的产品,其用于抑制炎症、抑制炎症因子表达或者促进抑制炎症的基因(例如Mgl2基因)的表达:
(1)大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,
(2)一种植物提取物,其含有大麻二酚;优选地,所述植物提取物为大麻提取物,和
(3)一种药物组合物,其含有大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的产品,其中,所述炎症因子选自TNF-α和IL-6特别是人TNF-α和人IL-6。
本发明的再一方面涉及一种治疗和/或预防肺动脉高压的方法,包括给予有需求的受试者以有效量的选自如下的(1)至(3)中的任一项的产品的步骤:
(1)大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,
(2)一种植物提取物,其含有大麻二酚;优选地,所述植物提取物为大麻提取物,和
(3)一种药物组合物,其含有大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料;
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的方法,其中,所述受试者为哺乳动物特别是人。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述的方法,其中,所述肺动脉高压为原发性肺动脉高压或继发性肺动脉高压;优选地,为动脉性肺动脉高压(例如特发性肺动脉高压、可遗传性肺动脉高压、药物和毒物所致肺动脉高压或新生儿持续性肺动脉高压)、左心疾病相关性肺动脉高压(例如心脏收缩功能不全所致肺动脉高压、舒张功能不全所致肺动脉高压、瓣膜病所致肺动脉高压)、肺部疾病所致肺动脉高压(例如慢性阻塞性肺疾病所致肺动脉高压、肺气肿所致肺动脉高压或肺间质性疾病所致肺动脉高压)、低氧血症所致肺动脉高压(例如睡眠呼吸暂停综合征所致肺动脉高压、慢性高原病所致肺动脉高压比如高原性心脏病)或者慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压;更优选地,为低氧血症所致肺动脉高压。
需要指出的是,活性成分大麻二酚的使用剂量和使用方法取决于诸多因素,包括患者的年龄、体重、性别、自然健康状况、营养状况、化合物的活性强度、服用时间、代谢速率、病症的严重程度以及诊治医师的主观判断。优选的使用大麻二酚的剂量介于0.1-50mg/kg体重 /天,更优选为0.5mg/kg-30mg/kg体重/天、0.5mg/kg-20mg/kg体重 /天、5mg/kg-30mg/kg体重/天或者5mg/kg-20mg/kg体重/天,进一步优选为0.5mg/kg-10mg/kg体重/天,特别优选为0.5mg/kg-5mg/kg 体重/天。
本发明中,术语“有效量”是指可在受试者中实现治疗、预防、减轻和/或缓解本发明所述疾病或病症的剂量。
术语“受试者”可以指患者或者其它接受本发明组合物以治疗、预防、减轻和/或缓解本发明所述疾病或病症的动物,特别是哺乳动物,例如人、狗、猴、牛、马等。
术语“疾病和/或病症”是指所述受试者的一种身体状态,该身体状态与本发明所述疾病和/或病症有关。
本发明中,术语“肺动脉高压“与通常所说的高血压是两种截然不同的疾病。人的心脏分为左心系统和右心系统,平时我们所说的高血压是指从左心系统发出的给全身供血的动脉压力升高;而从右心系统发出的动脉专门负责给肺部供血,被称为肺动脉,而这部分动脉压力升高则被称为肺动脉高压。
肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertension,PAH)是由已知或未知原因引起肺动脉内压力异常升高的疾病或病理生理综合征,存在肺循环障碍与右心高负荷,可导致右心衰竭甚至死亡,而且PAH 病人后期因为心脏射血功能障碍,可能发展为低血压。
术语“高血压”(hypertension)是指以体循环动脉血压(收缩压和 /或舒张压)增高为主要特征(收缩压≥140毫米汞柱,舒张压≥90毫米汞柱),可伴有心、脑、肾等器官的功能或器质性损害的临床综合征。
术语“TNF-α”是指肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor necrosis factor-α),是一种涉及到系统性炎症的细胞因子,同时也是属于引起急相反应的众多细胞因子中的一员,主要由巨噬细胞分泌。肿瘤坏死因子α的主要作用是调节免疫细胞的功能。本发明中,如果没有特别说明,TNF-α是指GenBank登录号:NP_038721.1所示的蛋白,或其具有TNF-α功能的片段。在本发明的一个实施方案中,TNF-α基因的核酸序列如 Gene ID:21926或其简并序列所示。
术语“IL-6”是指白介素6(Interleukin 6),是一种细胞因子,属于白细胞介素的一种。它可以由纤维母细胞、单核/巨噬细胞、T淋巴细胞、B淋巴细胞、上皮细胞、角质细胞或者多种瘤细胞所产生。白介素6能够刺激参与免疫反应的细胞增殖、分化并提高其功能。本发明中,如果没有特别说明,IL-6是指GenBank登录号: NP_001300983.1的蛋白,或其具有IL-6功能的片段。在本发明的一个实施方案中,IL-6基因的核酸序列如Gene ID:16193或其简并序列所示。
术语“Mgl2”是指巨噬细胞半乳糖N-乙酰半乳糖胺特异性凝集素 2(macrophagegalactose N-acetyl-galactosamine specific lectin 2)。本发明中,如果没有特别说明,Mgl2是指GenBank登录号: NP_660119.1的蛋白,或其具有Mgl2功能的片段。在本发明的一个实施方案中,Mgl2基因的核酸序列如Gene ID:216864或其简并序列所示。
本发明中,如果没有特别说明,所述产品1、产品2仅仅是为了指代清楚,并不具有次序的含义。
本发明中,如果没有特别说明,大麻优选为工业大麻;大麻提取物优选为工业大麻提取物。
发明的有益效果
本发明通过试验研究发现了大麻二酚抑制肺动脉高压的作用,证明了大麻二酚对肺动脉高压具有良好的治疗作用,尤其适合治疗低氧血症所致的肺动脉高压。
附图说明
图1:CBD降低缺氧引起的右心室收缩压升高。N=10/组,数值为平均值±标准误,以常氧野生组作为参照,***P<0.001;以缺氧野生组作为参照,###P<0.001。
图2:CBD降低缺氧引起的右心室肥大。N=10/组,数值为平均值±标准误,以常氧野生组作为参照,***P<0.001;以缺氧野生组作为参照,###P<0.001。
图3:肺小动脉血管HE染色(图3A-3D)和弹性纤维染色(图 3E-3H)结果。其中,图3A-3D的样品依次为第1组-第4组的小鼠肺组织石蜡切片。其中,图3E-3H的样品依次为第1组-第4组的小鼠肺组织石蜡切片。
图4:CBD降低缺氧引起的血管重塑率。N=10/组,数值为平均值±标准误,以常氧野生组作为参照,***P<0.001;以缺氧野生组作为参照,###P<0.01。
图5:CBD抑制体外LPS诱导的原代肺泡巨噬细胞激活。数值为平均值±标准误,以阴性对照组作为参照,*P<0.05,**P<0.01;以 LPS处理组作为参照,#P<0.05,##P<0.01。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,但是本领域技术人员将会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限定本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
实施例1:大麻二酚对低氧所致肺动脉高压的影响试验
1.实验动物、试剂和仪器
(1)实验动物
4-6周龄健康活泼、毛色光泽,体重(25.15±2.15)g,C57BL/6(军事科学医学院实验动物中心,SPF级)。分为四组:
第1组(常氧野生型,作为对照组):常氧条件下,雌鼠10只,雄鼠10只;
第2组(缺氧野生型,作为对照组):缺氧条件下,雌鼠10只,雄鼠10只;
第3组(10mg/kg,实验组):缺氧条件下灌胃处理,10mg/kg雌鼠10只,雄鼠10只;
第4组(50mg/kg,实验组):缺氧条件下灌胃处理,50mg/kg雌鼠10只,雄鼠10只。
(2)给药方法
将第2-4组小鼠置于常压低氧动物饲养舱内,维持舱内氧浓度在 9%-11%,保持舱内温度为22-26℃。第1组小鼠吸入常压空气,其它条件同第2-4组小鼠。
以前的研究结果表明,小鼠持续缺氧14天,就可建成以右心室收缩压明显升高为标准的肺动脉高压模型(Ricard,N.,Tu,L.,Le Hiress, M.,Huertas,A.,Phan,C.,Thuillet,R.,Sattler,C.,Fadel,E.,Seferian, A.,Montani,D.,et al.(2014).Increased pericyte coverage mediated by endothelial-derived fibroblastgrowth factor-2and interleukin-6is a source of smooth muscle-like cells inpulmonary hypertension. Circulation 129,1586-1597.)。为了探究CBD是否对肺动脉高压有治疗作用,本发明人先用持续缺氧的环境处理小鼠14天,建立起肺动脉高压的模型(第2-4组),然后采用灌胃的给药方式,在第15天开始给药一直到第21天,每天给药一次,持续7天每天处理小鼠(第3 -4组),在第21天检测。
具体检测步骤如下面第2部分“实验方法”所描述。
(3)实验试剂
戊巴比妥钠(sigma);大麻二酚(云南汉素生物科技有限公司);结晶紫、维多利亚蓝B(国药集团化学试剂有限公司);新品红(东京化成工业株式会社)。
(4)实验仪器
多道记录生理仪(BE-EH4)北京拜安吉科技有限公司; OLYMPUS显微镜(CX4)奥林巴斯(中国)有限公司(OCN);缺氧箱(CJ-DO2)长沙长锦科技有限公司;荧光定量PCR仪(Light Cycler480Ⅱ)罗氏应用科学部。
2.实验方法
(1)右心室收缩压(RVSP)测定
在第21天,小鼠用戊巴比妥钠(35mg/kg)腹腔注射麻醉,参照 Song等(Song,Y.,Jones,J.E.,Beppu,H.,Keaney,J.F.,Jr.,Loscalzo, J.,and Zhang,Y.Y.(2005).Increased susceptibility to pulmonary hypertension in heterozygous BMPR2-mutant mice.Circulation 112, 553-562.)报道的右心导管插入术,用生理仪配套导管测右心室收缩压。导管末端连接多道生理记录仪信号采集处理系统,根据监视器所显示的血压值与压力曲线波型的移行变化判断导管尖端的位置。待导管进人右心室后,测定并记录RVSP。
(2)右心室肥大指数(RVH)测定
按照Ryan等的方法,小鼠麻醉后,开胸腔,摘取心脏,剥离所有血管和心室,剪下右心室,分别称量右心室重量和左心室加膈的重量,用右心室重除以左心室和膈的合重(RV/(LV+S))。
(3)HE染色
样品:小鼠肺组织的石蜡切片。
目的:看肺组织病理,是否有血管壁增厚的现象。
将切好的石蜡切片放入55℃烘箱中10min。
①石蜡切片经脱蜡下行至70%乙醇;
二甲苯I:15min
二甲苯II:7min
1:1二甲苯乙醇溶液:5min
各级乙醇:各5min
②苏木精溶液染色10-15min;
③自来水冲洗2min;
④0.5%盐酸酒精溶液分化8s;
⑤自来水返蓝10min;
⑥70%酒精→80%酒精各2min;
⑦0.5%伊红酒精染液50-70s;
⑧90%乙醇,95%乙醇分色各3min;
⑨无水乙醇I、II脱水各3min;
⑩无水乙醇:二甲苯(1:1)3min;
中性树胶封片;
染色完成后,胞核呈蓝紫色,胞质呈粉红色。
(4)弹性纤维染色(Elastic染色)
样品:小鼠肺组织的石蜡切片。
染液配制:维多利亚蓝B 1g。
新品红1g,结晶紫1g。
200ml热水溶解,按顺序加入间二苯酚4g,糊精4g,30%氯化铁50ml(现用现配),煮5min过滤,沉淀和滤纸用200ml 95%乙醇溶解,煮沸15min-20min过滤(水浴),95%乙醇补至200ml,最后加2ml浓盐酸。密封,避光保存。
染色方法:
二甲苯I:10min;二甲苯II:10min;100%乙醇:5min,; 90%乙醇:5min;自来水:5min;0.5%高锰酸钾5min;自来水冲洗2-3min;1%草酸溶液2-3min(漂白即可);自来水冲洗2 -3min;95%乙醇2-3min;Elastic染液染2h;95%乙醇洗去染液;自来水冲洗2-3min;Van Gieson染液染1min;快速脱水:80%乙醇1min,90%乙醇1min,无水乙醇I 5min,无水乙醇II 5min,二甲苯I 5min,二甲苯II 5min。
(5)血管重塑率
采用Keegan等的方法(Keegan,A.,Morecroft,I.,Smillie,D., Hicks,M.N.,andMacLean,M.R.(2001).Contribution of the 5-HT(1B) receptor to hypoxia-inducedpulmonary hypertension:converging evidence using 5-HT(1B)-receptor knockoutmice and the 5-HT(1B/1D)-receptor antagonist GR127935.Circulation research89, 1231-1239),用前面染弹性纤维的肺石蜡切片进行计数,选取 50-100μm,远离大气道的肺小动脉血管进行计数,重塑部分超过血管周长1/2及以上的记为重塑血管。
(6)统计学处理
计量资料以均数±标准误表示,采用SPSS 22.0进行统计处理,统计检验均基于双尾T检验。
3.实验结果
(1)PAH小鼠右心室收缩压
结果如图1所示。
持续缺氧21天后,缺氧模型对照组平均右心室收缩压为(25.55 ±2.29)mmHg,较常氧对照组(17.54±1.48)mmHg显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。
经CBD治疗后,10mg/kg的实验组平均右心室收缩压为(16.90 ±2.31)mmHg,较缺氧模型对照组显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P <0.001);50mg/kg的实验组平均右心室收缩压为(17.92±2.37) mmHg,较模型组也有显著降低,但两个剂量处理组(10mg/kg和50mg/kg)的结果没有显著差异。
(2)CBD处理显著抑制PAH小鼠右心室肥大指数
结果如图2所示。
模型组小鼠右心室肥大指数为(32.62±1.41)%,明显高于常氧对照组小鼠(25.99±1.17)%。经CBD治疗后,10mg/kg和50mg/kg 实验组小鼠右心指数分别为(30.18±1.01)%、(29.90±1.19)%,显著低于模型组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),但不同剂量治疗组间没有显著差异。
(3)肺小动脉病理学改变
结果如图3A-3H和图4所示。
缺氧模型组小鼠管壁显著增厚,重构明显。CBD治疗后显著降低肺小动脉重塑,重塑率显著下降。
大麻二酚两个剂量组都能降低右心室收缩压,抑制右心室(RV)肥厚指标;病理重塑有改善作用,包括减小动脉中层壁厚比,管壁中层横截面积比以及降低右心室肥大。
实施例2:大麻二酚处理LPS诱导的巨噬细胞的体外实验
1.实验动物、试剂和仪器
2月龄C57BL/6小鼠(军事科学医学院实验动物中心,SPF级)
RPMI-1640(Sigma)
大麻二酚(CBD,云南汉素生物科技有限公司)
LPS(Sigma)
荧光定量PCR仪(Roche)
2.实验方法
按照Yang等人的方法分离原代肺泡巨噬细胞(Yang,H.M.,Ma, J.Y.,Castranova,V.,and Ma,J.K.(1997).Effects of diesel exhaust particles on the release ofinterleukin-1and tumor necrosis factor-alpha from rat alveolarmacrophages.Experimental lung research 23,269-284.):取2月龄小鼠,腹腔注射戊巴比妥麻醉动物。仰卧固定,消毒颈部,剪开颈部皮肤,剥离腺体肌肉,暴露气管。在气管上部剪开一个小口,不要剪断,用1ml枪头插一个小白枪头,吸取4℃1ml PBS(无Ca2+,无Mg2+,0.6mM EDTA)[50ml PBS +0.00876g EDTA]从开口吹入肺中,吹打进后吸出。再拿新的PBS吹入,吸出,反复3-4次。将收集的肺泡灌洗液以200×g离心5分钟,去上清液。用无血清RPMI-1640培养液洗涤细胞一次,以200 ×g离心5分钟。加入有血清的RPMI-1640重悬,接种。贴壁2h,用PBS洗三次。加入有血清的RPMI-1640,在5%二氧化碳,37℃条件下培养。
取小鼠的肺泡巨噬细胞,随机分为六个处理组(每组约5×106个细胞),第一组为阴性对照;第二组用100ng/mL的LPS诱导(培养基中添加LPS),模拟体内炎症反应模型;第三组为CBD对照组(培养基中添加5μM CBD);第四组用0.5μM的CBD预处理0.5h后,加100ng/mL的LPS诱导(培养基中添加0.5μM CBD和100ng/mL LPS)。第五组用1μM的CBD预处理0.5h后,加100ng/mL的LPS 诱导(培养基中添加1μM CBD和100ng/mL LPS)。第六组用5μM 的CBD预处理0.5h后,加100ng/mL的LPS诱导(培养基中添加5μM CBD和100ng/mL LPS)。处理5h后收集细胞,利用荧光定量PCR 仪检测各组细胞炎症因子TNF-α、IL-6和Mgl2的表达变化。
检测TNF-α的引物:
正向引物:CCCTCACACTCAGATCATCTTCT(SEQ ID NO:1)
反向引物:GCTACGACGTGGGCTACAG(SEQ ID NO:2)
检测IL-6的引物:
正向引物:GAGGATACCACTCCCAACAGACC(SEQ ID NO: 3)
反向引物:AAGTGCATCGTTGTTCATACA(SEQ ID NO:4)
检测Mgl2的引物:
正向引物:AGGCAGCTGCTATTGGTTCTCTGA(SEQ ID NO: 5)
反向引物:AGTTGACCACCACCAGGTGAGAAT(SEQ ID NO: 6)
3.实验结果
结果如图5所示。
结果显示,CBD能够剂量依赖性地显著抑制LPS引起的炎症相关TNF-α和IL-6的表达,促进抑制炎症的基因Mgl2的表达。
尽管本发明的具体实施方式已经得到详细的描述,本领域技术人员将会理解。根据已经公开的所有教导,可以对那些细节进行各种修改和替换,这些改变均在本发明的保护范围之内。本发明的全部范围由所附权利要求及其任何等同物给出。
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Claims (19)
1.大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐在制备治疗和/或预防肺动脉高压的药物中的用途。
2.植物提取物在制备治疗和/或预防肺动脉高压的药物中的用途,其中,所述植物提取物含有大麻二酚。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用途,其中,所述植物提取物为大麻提取物。
4.药物组合物在制备治疗和/或预防肺动脉高压的药物中的用途,其中,所述药物组合物含有大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一权利要求所述的用途,其中,所述肺动脉高压为原发性肺动脉高压或继发性肺动脉高压。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任一权利要求所述的用途,其中,所述肺动脉高压为动脉性肺动脉高压、左心疾病相关性肺动脉高压、肺部疾病所致肺动脉高压、低氧血症所致肺动脉高压或者慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用途,其中,所述动脉性肺动脉高压为特发性肺动脉高压、可遗传性肺动脉高压、药物和毒物所致肺动脉高压或新生儿持续性肺动脉高压。
8.根据权利要求6所述的用途,其中,所述左心疾病相关性肺动脉高压为心脏收缩功能不全所致肺动脉高压、舒张功能不全所致肺动脉高压、瓣膜病所致肺动脉高压。
9.根据权利要求6所述的用途,其中,所述肺部疾病所致肺动脉高压为慢性阻塞性肺疾病所致肺动脉高压、肺气肿所致肺动脉高压或肺间质性疾病所致肺动脉高压。
10.根据权利要求6所述的用途,其中,所述低氧血症所致肺动脉高压为睡眠呼吸暂停综合征所致肺动脉高压或慢性高原病所致肺动脉高压。
11.根据权利要求10所述的用途,其中,所述慢性高原病为高原性心脏病。
12.根据权利要求1至4中任一权利要求所述的用途,其中,所述肺动脉高压为低氧血症所致肺动脉高压。
13.一种用于治疗和/或预防肺动脉高压的药物组合物,其包含大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料;
其中,所述药物组合物还包含选自前列环素类药物、内皮素受体拮抗剂和磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂中的任意一种或几种;
其中,
所述前列环素类药物选自贝前列素、曲前列素和万他维中的任意一种或者几种;
所述内皮素受体拮抗剂为波生坦;
所述磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂选自西地那非、伐地那非和他达那非。
14.一种用于治疗和/或预防肺动脉高压的药物组合物,其包含含有大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐的植物提取物,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料;
其中,所述药物组合物还包含选自前列环素类药物、内皮素受体拮抗剂和磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂中的任意一种或几种;
其中,
所述前列环素类药物选自贝前列素、曲前列素和万他维中的任意一种或者几种;
所述内皮素受体拮抗剂为波生坦;
所述磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂选自西地那非、伐地那非和他达那非。
15.根据权利要求14所述的药物组合物,其中,所述含有大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐的植物提取物为大麻提取物。
16.一种治疗和/或预防肺动脉高压的组合产品,包括产品1和产品2,其中:
所述产品1为大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐;
所述产品2选自前列环素类药物、内皮素受体拮抗剂和磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂中的任意一种或几种;
并且所述产品1和产品2是各自独立包装的;
其中,
所述前列环素类药物选自贝前列素、曲前列素和万他维中的任意一种或者几种;
所述内皮素受体拮抗剂为波生坦;
所述磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂选自西地那非、伐地那非和他达那非。
17.一种治疗和/或预防肺动脉高压的组合产品,包括产品1和产品2,其中:
所述产品1为一种植物提取物,其含有大麻二酚;
所述产品2选自前列环素类药物、内皮素受体拮抗剂和磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂中的任意一种或几种;
并且所述产品1和产品2是各自独立包装的;
其中,
所述前列环素类药物选自贝前列素、曲前列素和万他维中的任意一种或者几种;
所述内皮素受体拮抗剂为波生坦;
所述磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂选自西地那非、伐地那非和他达那非。
18.根据权利要求17所述的组合产品,其中,所述植物提取物为大麻提取物。
19.一种治疗和/或预防肺动脉高压的组合产品,包括产品1和产品2,其中:
所述产品1为一种药物组合物,其含有大麻二酚或其药学上可接受的盐,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料;
所述产品2选自前列环素类药物、内皮素受体拮抗剂和磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂中的任意一种或几种;
并且所述产品1和产品2是各自独立包装的;
其中,
所述前列环素类药物选自贝前列素、曲前列素和万他维中的任意一种或者几种;
所述内皮素受体拮抗剂为波生坦;
所述磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂选自西地那非、伐地那非和他达那非。
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