CN109258057A - A kind of onion, garlic class crop cut stem device - Google Patents

A kind of onion, garlic class crop cut stem device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109258057A
CN109258057A CN201811413162.2A CN201811413162A CN109258057A CN 109258057 A CN109258057 A CN 109258057A CN 201811413162 A CN201811413162 A CN 201811413162A CN 109258057 A CN109258057 A CN 109258057A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
roll
stem
onion
fruit
garlic
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CN201811413162.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109258057B (en
Inventor
王冰
胡志超
彭宝良
顾峰玮
杨红光
陈有庆
王伯凯
高学梅
徐弘博
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Priority to CN201811413162.2A priority Critical patent/CN109258057B/en
Publication of CN109258057A publication Critical patent/CN109258057A/en
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Publication of CN109258057B publication Critical patent/CN109258057B/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D23/00Topping machines
    • A01D23/04Topping machines cutting the tops after being lifted

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of onion, garlic class crops to cut stem device, including rack;It further include the posture adjustment conveying mechanism being installed in rack, the posture adjustment conveying mechanism includes at least a pair of roll being horizontally mounted on the rack, the outer round surface of the roll is wound with axially spaced-apart in groups and along the elastic rubber strip of spiral feeding direction arrangement, and the hand of spiral of opposite direction rotating and its elastic rubber strip is opposite from outside to inside for each pair of roll.The present invention is the innovative design carried out the problem of presence in practice in conjunction with existing harvest equipment, change the single-function of current equipment and the disadvantage of performance difference, it can be according to garlic, the physical size of onion and physical characteristic otherness, by adjusting and replacing dividing shedding folded plate and main working parameters and cutting stem operation realize the Different Crops such as onion, garlic respectively for the helical pitch of Qie Jing mechanism, spiral roller diameter, elastic rubber strip and different cambers.

Description

A kind of onion, garlic class crop cut stem device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of onion, garlic class crops to cut stem device, and especially a kind of onion, garlic cut stem and cut root dress Standby cuts stem device;Belong to agricultural mechanical field.
Background technique
China garlic, onion planting area are distributed wide, complex geographical environment, though scale kind has been presented in many places It plants, but vast rural area are still based on decentralized small pieces production method;The bulk root crop such as onion, garlic has common special Point, is grown in underground, and rhizome is located under rhizome as edible part, root system, above rice shoot is longer and root can adhere to it is more Soil, when harvest, need to carry out soil, remove seedling and cut root work.Currently, it is main or artificial square to produce the harvests such as upper garlic, onion Formula is dug with hoe, and artificial pick up trembles soil, manually cuts the traditional approach such as stem, and large labor intensity, easily hurts fruit and production efficiency is extremely low Under.
Currently, the cropper of tubers blocky for onion, garlic etc. also gradually has research disclosure in the market, but it is domestic Research starting is late, mechanical function is relatively single, inefficiency and most of cropper are also in semi-mechanization job state, exists The problems such as staying stalk uneven in length, fruit damage rate is high, stem seedling is easily broken.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to, the shortcomings that overcoming the prior art, a kind of high degree of automation, knot are provided Structure design is more ingenious rationally, performance more optimizes and the blocky root-tuber crop of high production efficiency, especially garlic, onion Stem seedling device for excising.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of onion, garlic class crop cuts stem device, including rack; It is characterized by also including the posture adjustment conveying mechanism being installed in rack, the posture adjustment conveying mechanism includes at least a pair of horizontal Rack-mounted roll, the outer round surface of the roll are wound with axially spaced-apart in groups and along the arrangements of spiral feeding direction Elastic rubber strip, the hand of spiral of opposite direction rotating and its elastic rubber strip is opposite from outside to inside for each pair of roll;In the middle part of the roll The posture adjustment curtain that bottom edge has inverted v-shaped notch is installed in top, and the notch of the posture adjustment curtain faces between two pairs of rolls; The output end of the posture adjustment conveying mechanism is equipped with stem's cutter mechanism;Stem's cutter mechanism includes being placed in each pair of roll The pairs of of the opposite direction rotating from outside to inside of output end vertically cuts stem shaft;The upper section suit ballistic fruit for vertically cutting stem shaft Cylindrical roll is clamped, lower section, which is equipped with, discoid cuts stem blade.
The technical solution that the present invention advanced optimizes are as follows: the posture adjustment conveying mechanism includes two pairs of support rolling on the rack Roller, posture adjustment conveying mechanism top two sides are equipped with the side rail fixed with rack, along fruit conveying side between guardrails of both sides Stance adjustment rubber curtain is installed to interval.
Further optimization is: the overturning of fruit posture is fixedly installed in the machine frame at two sides of stem's cutter mechanism rear portion Lever, the fruit posture overturning lever are higher than the discoid mounting height for cutting stem blade.
Further optimization is: further including dividing shedding mechanism above posture adjustment conveying mechanism input terminal;Described point Shedding mechanism includes that the installation frame with mesh floor, the first inclination for being fixedly installed in installation frame two sides slide plate, the Two inclinations such as slide plates, are welded on mesh floor at the people that the fruit of spacing arrangements slides bar and is welded in the middle part of mesh floor Font fruit slides component;It includes sliding plate, being welded on the company slid at plate bending fillet that the herringbone fruit, which slides component, Extension bar and bending bar;The both ends of the connecting rod are equipped with circular hole, and the inside bending in one end of the bending bar and the circular hole weld Fixed, the other end is arranged with gum sleeve.
Further optimization is: four in a manner of spaced pairs between the shaft of roller by sprocket wheel, chain to being realized Transmission connection after power input.
The present invention further optimizes: when described device cuts stem for garlic, two roll mandrels of each pair of roll Spacing is 6.5cm~10.5cm between line;When described device cuts stem for onion, between two roll axis of each pair of roll Spacing is 10.5cm~20cm.
Further optimization is: the roll outer wall is rubber material.
When work, when being fallen on posture adjustment conveying mechanism by onion, the garlic class crop of dividing shedding mechanism to continually enter, lead to Excessive shedding mechanism is divided into parallel two-way and falls on posture adjustment conveying mechanism and have posture adjustment conveying mechanism to be adjusted to stalk downward Posture enter and complete after cutter mechanism to cut stem, and by rear throwing.In the process, due to big with respect to fruit diameter to roller diameter, Cauline leaf is long and is easy to clamp roller, and root is thin short, is suspended on two between roller, then during to roller relative rotation, Onion, garlic class crop cauline leaf normotopia is tentatively clamped by the roll that opposite direction screw rotates, while in spiral elasticity rubber strip Output end flexibility under turning effort gently towards cutter direction is transferred;Since rhizome is in oval spherical, the root court of rule substantially Hanging fruit is also set right by the stance adjustment rubber curtain of two sides down, even if there is deflection during transfer, when by elasticity It when the inverted v-shaped notch of posture adjustment curtain, can also be set right by notch bevel edge, force feeding effect to enter to have with ideal posture Two rotations ballistic fruit niprolls, two flexible glue niprolls have elasticity, and garlic or onion enter to the flexible glue niproll turned Afterwards, two flexible glue niprolls occur retraction and generate screen resilience, generate folder to onion or garlic by the screen resilience of flexible glue niproll Hold push operation, stem then through between two discoid root cutter pieces below fruit when be removed.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is the wound carried out the problem of presence in practice in conjunction with existing harvest equipment New design, changes the single-function of current equipment and the disadvantage of performance difference, can be according to the physical size and object of garlic, onion The stem of reason property difference and fruit adjusts with root diameter difference and replaces the helical pitch of Qie Jing mechanism, propellers Cylinder diameter, elastic rubber strip quantity and different camber divide the running parameters such as shedding folded plate and primary drive axle rotary speed That realizes the Different Crops such as onion, garlic respectively cuts stem operation.The present invention can be used as independently working machinery, using artificial or machine Tool is completed to cut stem operation after being fed into hoisting mechanism;Can also be integrated with excavation conveying separation unit and root cutter structure, automatically Farm work is carried out, manpower is saved, improves work efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the stereochemical structure first view of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the second view of stereochemical structure of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the main sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the left view of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 5 is the right view of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 6 cuts stem for the embodiment of the present invention 1 and cuts posture adjustment conveying mechanism and the top view for dividing shedding mechanism in root equipment.
Fig. 7 divides shedding mechanism structural schematic diagram for the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 8 is that 1 herringbone fruit of the embodiment of the present invention slides component structure diagram.
Fig. 9 is to clamp fruit stem status diagram to roller in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Figure 10 is the cropper structural schematic diagram using Fig. 1 embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Embodiment 1
Onion provided in this embodiment, garlic class crop cut stem device, as shown in Figs. 1-5: including rack 5-1-1 and installation It include two couples of roll 5-1-3 in posture adjustment the conveying mechanism 5-1, posture adjustment conveying mechanism 5-1 in rack, roll passes through shaft 5-1-5 It is mounted on the rolling bearing units 5-1-6 in rack.The outer round surface of roll is wound with axially spaced-apart in groups and send along spiral The elastic rubber strip 5-1-2 to arrange into direction, the hand of spiral of each pair of roll opposite direction rotating and its elastic rubber strip from outside to inside On the contrary;Installation bottom edge in top has the posture adjustment curtain 5-1-7 of inverted v-shaped notch in the middle part of roll, and the notch of posture adjustment curtain faces in pairs Two rolls between;The output end of posture adjustment conveying mechanism is equipped with stem cutter mechanism 5-2;Stem's cutter mechanism includes placement Stem shaft 5-2-2 is vertically cut in the pairs of of opposite direction rotating from outside to inside of each pair of roll output end;Vertically cut the upper section of stem shaft It is set with ballistic fruit and clamps cylindrical roll 5-2-1, lower section, which is equipped with, discoid cuts stem blade 5-2-3.
Posture adjustment conveying mechanism top two sides are equipped with the side rail 5-1-8 fixed with rack, along fruit between guardrails of both sides Conveying direction interval is equipped with stance adjustment rubber curtain 5-1-4.
After cutting stem, onion, garlic class crop rhizome be in substantially rule ellipse it is spherical, therefore rotated in two pairs of rollers It, also can be by when by the inverted v-shaped notch and stance adjustment rubber curtain of elastic posture adjustment curtain even if occurring deflection during transfer It correct guidance and sets right, and is not damaged, to be entered with ideal posture with forcing two ballistic fruits of feeding effect to press from both sides Cylindrical roll is held, stem is then removed when by between two discoid root cutter pieces.
As shown in figs 6-8: the present apparatus further includes dividing shedding mechanism 3 above posture adjustment conveying mechanism input terminal;Divide and falls Fruit mechanism 3 includes the installation frame 3-2 with mesh floor 3-1, the first inclination cunning for being fixedly installed in the two sides installation frame 3-2 Fall plate 3-3, the fruit landing bar 3-5 for the spacing arrangements such as the second inclination slides plate 3-4, is welded on mesh floor 3-1 on and weldering It connects the herringbone fruit in the middle part of mesh floor and slides component 3-6;Herringbone fruit slide component 3-6 include slide plate 3-6-1, It is welded on the connecting rod 3-6-2 and bending bar 3-6-3 slid at plate bending fillet;The both ends of connecting rod 3-6-2 are equipped with circular hole, folding The inside bending in one end of curved bar is welded and fixed with circular hole, and the other end is arranged with gum sleeve 3-6-4.Gum sleeve 3-6-4 can turn It is dynamic, it can prevent from hanging seedling, the landing conducive to fruit.
Fruit is from the roll for dividing shedding mechanism that two-way is divided to fall into Qie Jing mechanism with parabolic respectively, the stem of fruit Direction is mixed and disorderly unordered, when onion or garlic are fed forward, by the toggle action of left and right stance adjustment rubber curtain, by fruit stem Be sent into posture adjustment conveying mechanism two roll junctions, due to the distance between two rolls of each pair of roll be 6.5cm~ 10.5cm or 10.5cm~20cm is easy stem head clamped with specific reference to fruit kind size selection;And the root of fruit Must be relatively thin short, since roller diameter is relatively large, root clamping is not lived;Even if root is also vacantly in two rolls downward Between then set right adjustment by posture adjustment curtain and adjustment rubber curtain, finally making fruit with root, stem's posture directed downwardly is clamped in upward Between two pairs of rollers of posture adjustment conveying mechanism, during two pairs of roller relative rotation, fruit is made with the spiral rotating of spiral rubber item With and gently towards cutter direction output end flexibility transfer.
In addition, with the side of spaced pairs between four shaft 5-1-3-1,5-1-3-2,5-1-3-3,5-1-3-4 to roller Formula realizes the transmission connection after power input by sprocket wheel, chain, thus with simple and direct transmission, guarantee required rotation direction with it is synchronous Revolving speed.It vertically cuts root shaft 5-2-2 and the hydraulic motor 9 above it passes through 8 shaft coupling of drop-hanger bearing.
As shown in Figures 9 and 10 using the onion of Fig. 1 embodiment, garlic class crop harvester, the front installation of walking chassis 1 The hoisting mechanism 4 that dynamic system 7 drives through transmission system 10, the top output for dividing shedding mechanism 3 to be installed on hoisting mechanism 4 End;The output end of shedding mechanism 3 is divided to have Qie Jing mechanism 5;The rear portion of Qie Jing mechanism is connected with root cutter structure 6.Walking chassis 1 Rear portion dispose collecting mechanism 2.
Fruit posture overturning lever 5-3, fruit are fixedly installed in stem's cutter mechanism rear portion machine frame at two sides of this cropper Real posture overturning lever is higher than the discoid mounting height for cutting stem blade.Fruit throws to rear with clamping cylindrical roll rotation, During throwing afterwards, stem is stayed or far from root side impact to fruit posture overturning lever on fruit, overturns lever in fruit posture It realizes that fruit root is overturn downward under the action of 5-3 to fall on root cutter structure 6.
Shedding mechanism is divided to be to be fixed on hoisting mechanism cradle top by installation frame 3-2, and promoted in the present embodiment It can interlock when the rubber driving lever 4-5 of mechanism is with belt 4-6 rotary transfer and slide bar 3-5 across fruit.It is, of course, also possible to and other Transfer unit, which is used cooperatively or is fixedly installed in be used as in walking chassis separately through bracket, divides shedding to posture adjustment conveying mechanism.
The technical solution that the present embodiment advanced optimizes be roll outer wall, vertical root and stem cutting function shaft outer wall, hairbrush and Bent stick is rubber material.
The course of work of the invention:
Complete machine power of the invention is provided by motor, is moved by each main running part of transmission system drives.This implementation When the above-mentioned cropper work of example, garlic or onion class crop 11 divide shedding mechanism into what hoisting mechanism was delivered to top, lead to Excessive shedding mechanism is divided into parallel two-way and falls on posture adjustment conveying mechanism and have posture adjustment conveying mechanism to be adjusted to stalk downward Posture enter after cutter mechanism and complete to cut stem, and by rear throwing, adjust the synergism of bar in fruit posture in dropping process Under rotate, change into root posture directed downwardly drop down on root cutter structure carry out root excision work.In the process, right The not positive garlic of posture or onion are set right by adjustment curtain and posture levelling rubber curtain adjustment, are subsequently entered soft to a pair of roller tail end In glue niproll, two flexible glue niprolls have elasticity, garlic or onion into after to the flexible glue niproll turned, two flexible glue niprolls Retraction occurs and generates screen resilience, clamping push operation is generated to onion or garlic by the screen resilience of flexible glue niproll, herein In the process, respectively with a pair of discs shape root cutter piece of two flexible glue niproll coaxial rotatings by by therebetween garlic or onion root Palpus Synchronous resection, enters the dress fruit case 2-4 of collecting mechanism later.
Experiments have shown that due to the present embodiment according to garlic, the physical parameter of onion class crop and character specificity rationally set Meter, therefore properly settled rhizome overturning, preliminary normotopia, symmetrically set right and first flexible transfer, transfer to pressure clamping and cut A series of operation problems such as root reliably realize onion, garlic class crop changes posture and stablize the high-quality and efficient completion machine of feeding Toolization continuously cuts stem operation, therefore is able to develop the blocky tubers crop harvest such as ideal onion, garlic on this basis Machine.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment.It is all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape At technical solution, fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of onion, garlic class crop cut stem device, including rack;It is characterized by also including the tune being installed in rack Appearance conveying mechanism, the posture adjustment conveying mechanism include at least a pair of roll being horizontally mounted on the rack, the outer circle of the roll Surface wrap has axially spaced-apart in groups and along the elastic rubber strip of spiral feeding direction arrangement, and each pair of roll revolves in opposite directions from outside to inside Turn and the hand of spiral of its elastic rubber strip is opposite;Installation bottom edge in top has the posture adjustment of inverted v-shaped notch in the middle part of the roll Curtain, the notch of the posture adjustment curtain face between two pairs of rolls;The output end of the posture adjustment conveying mechanism is equipped with stem Portion's cutter mechanism;Stem's cutter mechanism include be placed in each pair of roll output end opposite direction rotating from outside to inside it is pairs of hang down Vertical cut stem shaft;The upper section suit ballistic fruit clamping cylindrical roll for vertically cutting stem shaft, lower section, which is equipped with, discoid cuts stem Blade.
2. onion according to claim 1, garlic class crop cut stem device, it is characterised in that: the posture adjustment conveying mechanism Roll including two pairs of supports on the rack, posture adjustment conveying mechanism top two sides are equipped with the side rail fixed with rack, Stance adjustment rubber curtain is installed along fruit conveying direction interval between guardrails of both sides.
3. onion according to claim 2, garlic class crop cut stem device, it is characterised in that: further include defeated positioned at posture adjustment It send and divides shedding mechanism above mechanism input terminal;Described point of shedding mechanism includes the installation frame with mesh floor, fixed peace The spacing arrangements such as the first inclination loaded on installation frame two sides slides plate, the second inclination slides plate, is welded on mesh floor Fruit slides bar and the herringbone fruit being welded in the middle part of mesh floor slides component;The herringbone fruit slides component packet It includes and slides plate, is welded on the connecting rod and bending bar slid at plate bending fillet;The both ends of the connecting rod are equipped with circular hole, described The inside bending in one end of bending bar is welded and fixed with the circular hole, and the other end is arranged with gum sleeve.
4. onion according to claim 3, garlic class crop cut stem device, it is characterised in that: four shafts to roller it Between in a manner of spaced pairs by sprocket wheel, chain realize power input after transmission connection.
5. onion according to claim 4, garlic class crop cut stem device, it is characterised in that: when described device is for big When garlic cuts stem, spacing is 6.5cm~10.5cm between two roll axis of each pair of roll;When described device cuts stem for onion When, spacing is 10.5cm~20cm between two roll axis of each pair of roll.
6. onion according to claim 5, garlic class crop cut stem device, it is characterised in that: stem's cutter mechanism Fruit posture overturning lever is fixedly installed in the machine frame at two sides of rear portion, the fruit posture overturning lever cuts stem knife higher than discoid The mounting height of piece.
7. onion according to claim 6, garlic class crop cut stem device, it is characterised in that: the roll outer wall is rubber Glue material matter.
CN201811413162.2A 2018-11-23 2018-11-23 Onion and garlic crop stem cutting device Active CN109258057B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811413162.2A CN109258057B (en) 2018-11-23 2018-11-23 Onion and garlic crop stem cutting device

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CN109258057A true CN109258057A (en) 2019-01-25
CN109258057B CN109258057B (en) 2024-04-16

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110788904A (en) * 2019-10-22 2020-02-14 浙江理工大学 Secondary broccoli cutting device and method for conveying and posture adjusting through screw shaft and optical axis in differential mode
CN111010921A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-17 重庆市农业科学院 Flexible clamping and cutting device for seed potatoes
CN111213484A (en) * 2020-01-23 2020-06-02 江苏青旅园艺科技有限公司 Lawn plant protection device
CN111937558A (en) * 2020-09-15 2020-11-17 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院齐齐哈尔农业机械化研究所 Onion stem leaf removing device
CN114345701A (en) * 2021-12-29 2022-04-15 中粮屯河新源糖业有限公司 Beet semi-dry pretreatment conveying system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0529399U (en) * 1991-09-24 1993-04-20 西沢農機株式会社 Onion stem cutting machine
JP2000166529A (en) * 1998-12-09 2000-06-20 Matsuyama Plow Mfg Co Ltd Working machine for cutting stem and root for scaly bulb vegetables and harvester for scaly bulb vegetables
CN206994354U (en) * 2017-05-17 2018-02-13 青岛理工大学 Automatic spacing palpus of going of garlic cuts stem device
CN107750575A (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-03-06 合肥岭启信息科技有限公司 A kind of block harvester for rhizome crops
CN209268024U (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-08-20 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 A kind of onion, garlic class crop cut stem device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0529399U (en) * 1991-09-24 1993-04-20 西沢農機株式会社 Onion stem cutting machine
JP2000166529A (en) * 1998-12-09 2000-06-20 Matsuyama Plow Mfg Co Ltd Working machine for cutting stem and root for scaly bulb vegetables and harvester for scaly bulb vegetables
CN206994354U (en) * 2017-05-17 2018-02-13 青岛理工大学 Automatic spacing palpus of going of garlic cuts stem device
CN107750575A (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-03-06 合肥岭启信息科技有限公司 A kind of block harvester for rhizome crops
CN209268024U (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-08-20 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 A kind of onion, garlic class crop cut stem device

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110788904A (en) * 2019-10-22 2020-02-14 浙江理工大学 Secondary broccoli cutting device and method for conveying and posture adjusting through screw shaft and optical axis in differential mode
CN111010921A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-17 重庆市农业科学院 Flexible clamping and cutting device for seed potatoes
CN111213484A (en) * 2020-01-23 2020-06-02 江苏青旅园艺科技有限公司 Lawn plant protection device
CN111937558A (en) * 2020-09-15 2020-11-17 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院齐齐哈尔农业机械化研究所 Onion stem leaf removing device
CN114345701A (en) * 2021-12-29 2022-04-15 中粮屯河新源糖业有限公司 Beet semi-dry pretreatment conveying system

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