CN109247388A - 一种延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的方法 - Google Patents
一种延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000005138 cryopreservation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005969 1-Methyl-cyclopropene Substances 0.000 description 2
- SHDPRTQPPWIEJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylcyclopropene Chemical compound CC1=CC1 SHDPRTQPPWIEJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021018 plums Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001290151 Prunus avium subsp. avium Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005049 Prunus salicina Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012904 Prunus salicina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930002877 anthocyanin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000010208 anthocyanin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004410 anthocyanin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004636 anthocyanins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021466 carotenoid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001747 carotenoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001149 cognitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OOXWYYGXTJLWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopropene Chemical compound C1C=C1 OOXWYYGXTJLWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/005—Preserving by heating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的方法,涉及果蔬贮藏技术领域。本发明所述方法包括:把经低温贮藏后李果实置于自然环境中,待李果实果皮表面水分晾干后,将晾干的李果实置于温度为30~40℃,相对湿度为60~80%的条件下贮存。利用本发明所述方法可将经过低温贮藏后的李果实置高温条件(30~40℃)下可有效地抑制果实变软,可有效地延缓果实软化延长货架期,减少损失。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于果蔬贮藏技术领域,具体涉及一种延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的方法。
背景技术
李(Prunus salicina Lindl.)是蔷薇科李属植物,为多年生落叶果树,广泛分布于世界各国,是我国重要的传统果树之一,我国李栽培面积和产量均居世界首位。李果实富含类胡萝卜素、维生素和花色苷等生物活性物质,具有预防多种疾病的功效,深受消费者喜爱。
成熟李果实采收后易衰老软化。低温贮藏是李等水果的常用保鲜方法,李果实采收后常贮藏于冷库中,以达到延缓果实衰老、延长销售时间的目的。然而,经低温贮藏的李果实在常温条件下极易发生软化,货架期短,销售期间损耗巨大,严重影响李果实的销售。因此,开发出简单实用的延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的技术,可为减少因李果实软化而导致的损失,具有重大意义。
关于低温贮藏后李果实易软化发生的调控机制及其延缓其软化的方法研究较少。经低温贮藏后的李果实转移到常温后,乙烯释放量迅速上升。一般认为乙烯是导致李果实软化的关键。1-甲基环丙烯是一种十分有效的乙烯作用抑制剂。因此,Pan H X等采用1-甲基环丙烯处理低温贮藏后的李果实,发现1-甲基环丙烯处理可有效地延缓低温贮藏后的李果实变软,延长货架期。但该方法需要经化学药剂进行处理,操作较为繁琐,且易使消费者有安全顾虑。
因此,如何在不使用化学药剂的情况下,有效地延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化,延长李果实货架期,是技术人员亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的方法,不使用化学药剂,有效地延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化,延长李果实货架期。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
本发明提供了一种延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的方法,包括以下步骤:
把经低温贮藏后李果实置于自然环境中,待李果实果皮表面水分晾干后,将晾干的李果实置于温度为30~40℃,相对湿度为60~80%的条件下贮存。
优选的,所述自然环境的温度为20~25℃。
优选的,所述低温贮藏的时间为10d以上。
优选的,所述低温贮藏的温度为0~4℃。
本发明提供了一种延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的方法,将冷藏后的李果实置于自然环境晾干后,于30~40℃条件下贮存,无需经过药剂处理,不存在药剂处理引起的安全隐患或顾虑,具有操作方面、安全可靠等优势。在本发明实施例中,30℃条件下的油果实在存放6d后果实硬度仍高于1.4N,有效地延缓了油果实软化。本发明所述方法打破高温条件会加快李果实软化的常规认知,将经过低温贮藏的李果实置于30~40℃的高温条件下可有效地延缓果实软化,延长货架期2d以上。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1所述果实硬度图;
图2为本发明实施例2所述果实硬度图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的方法,包括以下步骤:
把经低温贮藏后李果实置于自然环境中,待李果实果皮表面水分晾干后,将晾干的李果实置于温度为30~40℃,相对湿度为60~80%的条件下贮存。
在本发明所述延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的方法中,所述低温贮藏的温度优选为0~4℃。本发明所述低温贮藏的时间优选为10d以上,更优选为12~30d。
在本发明所述延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的方法中,所述自然环境的温度优选为室温,更优选为20~25℃。本发明所述果实表面水分为从冷库取出后,果实与室温相差较大,空气中的水分在果皮上凝结成的冷凝水。
本发明对所述贮存时的光照条件并没有特殊限定,有无光照均可。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的方法进行详细的说明,但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1
2018年自古田果园采集生理成熟油果实,果实采收后立即运回实验室,挑选大小均一、无机械伤、无裂果、无病虫和无腐烂的果实用作处理。随后,将果实在4℃、无光条件下进行贮藏。贮藏12天后,果实从冷库取出后,置于室温条件下进行晾干,并使果实温度升至室温。随后,将果实分成两组,分别置于20℃的黑暗条件和30℃的黑暗或光照条件下贮存,相对湿度70~80%。
果实硬度测定:
分别于贮存0d、2d、4d和6d后,测定20℃、黑暗和30℃、黑暗条件下处理果实的硬度。
测定果实硬度时,将果皮削去,每个果实测定3次。试验设置3个个生物学重复,每个生物学重复8个果实。结果数据如表1所示:
表1.果实硬度统计表
对表1所示数据画图,如图1所示:存放于20℃条件下的油果实硬度迅速下降,而30℃条件下的油果实在存放6d后果实硬度仍高于1.4N,有效地延缓了油果实软化。
实施例2
2018年采自古田果园采集芙蓉李果实,果实采收后立即运回实验室,挑选大小均一、无机械伤、无裂果、无病虫和无腐烂的果实用作处理。随后,将果实于0~4℃、无光条件下进行贮藏。贮藏13天后,果实从冷库取出,置于室温条件下进行晾干,并使果实温度升至室温。随后,将果实分成三组,分别置于25℃、30℃和35度的黑暗条件下贮存,相对湿度70~80%。
果实硬度测定:
分别于贮存0d、2d和4d后,测定20℃黑暗、30℃黑暗和35℃黑暗条件下处理果实的硬度。
测定果实硬度时,将果皮削去,每个果实测定3次。每个处理测定15个果实。结果数据如表2所示:
表2.果实硬度统计表
对表2所示数据画图,如图2所示:存放于25℃条件下的芙蓉李果实硬度迅速下降,35℃条件下的芙蓉李果实硬度在存放4d后果实硬度仍为1.84N,有效地延缓了油果实软化。
本发明提供了一种延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的方法,可将经过低温贮藏后的李果实置高温条件(30~40℃)下可有效地抑制果实变软,可有效地延缓果实软化,延长货架期2d以上,减少损失。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种延缓低温贮藏后李果实软化的方法,包括以下步骤:
把经低温贮藏后李果实置于自然环境中,待李果实果皮表面水分晾干后,将晾干的李果实置于温度为30~40℃,相对湿度为60~80%的条件下贮存。
2.根据权利要求1所述方法,其特征在于,所述自然环境的温度为20~25℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述方法,其特征在于,所述低温贮藏的时间为10d以上。
4.根据权利要求1或3所述方法,其特征在于,所述低温贮藏的温度为0~4℃。
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103749649A (zh) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-30 | 上海市农业科学院 | 一种水蜜桃热处理贮藏保鲜技术 |
CN104996553A (zh) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-28 | 达州市农业科学研究所 | 一种青脆李贮藏保鲜的方法 |
CN105166012A (zh) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-23 | 铜仁市万山区万兴珍禽生态养殖农民专业合作社 | 一种柰李的保鲜方法 |
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CN103749649A (zh) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-30 | 上海市农业科学院 | 一种水蜜桃热处理贮藏保鲜技术 |
CN104996553A (zh) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-28 | 达州市农业科学研究所 | 一种青脆李贮藏保鲜的方法 |
CN105166012A (zh) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-23 | 铜仁市万山区万兴珍禽生态养殖农民专业合作社 | 一种柰李的保鲜方法 |
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ZISHENG LUO等: "Effect of hot-air treatment on the ripening of ‘Qingnai’ plum", 《THE JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY》 * |
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