CN109239920A - A kind of holographical wave guide eyeglass and augmented reality display device - Google Patents
A kind of holographical wave guide eyeglass and augmented reality display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109239920A CN109239920A CN201710563451.XA CN201710563451A CN109239920A CN 109239920 A CN109239920 A CN 109239920A CN 201710563451 A CN201710563451 A CN 201710563451A CN 109239920 A CN109239920 A CN 109239920A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B27/0103—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0112—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high photosynthetic efficiency holographical wave guide eyeglass and augmented reality display devices, including at least a piece of holographical wave guide lens unit, the waveguide lens unit are made of optical waveguide substrates and two in optical waveguide substrates grating regions.Centre needs not move through relaying grating region and carries out secondary deflecting transmission optical signal, so that the difficulty of accurate matched-phase condition substantially reduces, the grating in grating region can use Surface gratings, and can pass through nano impression processing procedure batch duplicating.In the outgoing end face of holographical wave guide eyeglass, by placing reflecting element, so that the light lost originally from end face, continues and outgoing grating is acted on, effectively overcome the low disadvantage of holographical wave guide light efficiency utilization rate.And by the thickness cooperation of two grating region sizes, mutual distance, the structure of grating and optical waveguide substrates, it may be implemented that the prior art is no to be once coupled into, the function of multiple decoupling very easily realizes the function of expanding pupil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to display equipment technical fields, more specifically to a kind of holographical wave guide eyeglass and augmented reality
Display device.
Background technique
Augmented reality (AR) technology is to generate in physical world to be not present by computer graphics techniques and visualization technique
Virtual objects, and its accurate " placement " is presented to the user the richer new environment of perceived effect in physical world.
In numerous areas, such as industry manufacture and maintenance field, medical field, military field, amusement game field, education sector etc.,
There is huge potential using value.In AR industrial chain, while having transparent effect and imaging/light guide effect eyeglass is AR
The most critical component that hardware is carried out.Domestic and international industry or scientific research circle have developed a series of AR devices, such as
Side image is directly shipped in single human eye by google glass using single reflecting prism, and implementation is simple, still
There is the shortcomings that feeling of fatigue is strong, field angle is small, is imaged without 3D.And Meta2 is vertical shaft using silver coated half-reflection and half-transmission mask
Reflective imaging elements project two images in people or so two, have the advantages that field angle is big (90 degree), but volume mistake
In huge, in addition without expanding pupil effect, observation comfort level is poor.7,751,122 B2 of United States Patent (USP) US discloses a kind of embedded with more
The waveguide AR display device of a half-reflection and half-transmission prism during image is propagated in waveguide eyeglass, often encounters a half-reflecting half mirror, schemes
As a part will be coupled out, by modulating the reflectivity of different location half-reflecting half mirror, so that exit image is entire
Even intensity in range of observation.Waveguide AR eyeglass, which has, expands pupil effect, but depends on traditional optical processing and fabricating, by
In the reflectivity of each reflecting surface, including wavelength sensitivity and angle sensitivity, need accurately to be controlled, therefore difficulty of processing
It is high, and there is no high-volume duplication manufacturing feasibility, volume production possibility is extremely low.Microsoft is in United States Patent (USP) US 2016/
0231568 A1, US2016/0231569A1 disclose a kind of holographical wave guide AR display device, and lens structure is complicated in device, single
It needs to make three region gratings on piece holographical wave guide eyeglass, each serves as that image is coupled into, X-direction image expands pupil and Y-direction figure
Effect as expanding pupil and image output.If the screen periods in transfer region/be orientated and be coupled into and exit area grating are without essence
Really matching meets phase condition, then will appear significant chromatic dispersion, sharply decline so as to cause picture quality, so high machining accuracy
Cause holographical wave guide eyeglass cost high, it is difficult to obtain in AR industry universal.In order to which the production for reducing waveguide eyeglass is difficult
Degree, other than pupil scheme is expanded in the above 2D waveguide, 1D expands pupil scheme and also gets the attention.Such as the U.S. of Sony is special
Image is imported into optical waveguide by body grating or compound body grating by sharp 6,169,613 B1 of US, and image is propagated in the waveguide,
Image is exported by single or multiplexing body grating in output end, there is simple structure, coupling and high-efficient, but not
It is same as relief grating, body grating can not be replicated by processing procedures such as nano impressions, can be problem in terms of volume production.US 2006/
0132914 A1 and 104280891 A proposition of CN realize that 1D expands pupil waveguide scheme with relief grating, use only input unit and
Output unit, and regulated and controled using relief grating depth or duty ratio, realize that output image intensity is uniform.Due to relief grating
Efficiency itself, causes single to be coupled into low efficiency first, secondly in output unit end, still has the light of big energy from mirror
The outgoing of piece end face, therefore the waveguide eyeglass based on relief grating, generally have light efficiency low, the low problem of brightness.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes it is a kind of suitable for produce in batches and high photosynthetic efficiency holographical wave guide eyeglass and augmented reality display device.
A kind of holographical wave guide eyeglass, including at least a piece of holographical wave guide lens unit, waveguide lens unit include waveguide lining
Bottom and two grating regions in optical waveguide substrates, two grating regions are respectively to couple incident grating region and coupling outgoing
Grating region.
Waveguide lens unit further includes film, and film is located at the optical waveguide substrates surface.
Optical signal is coupled into certainly penetrates grating region injection, after optical waveguide substrates internal reflection, penetrates from emergent light gate region is coupled
Out.
Holographical wave guide lens unit further includes reflecting part.
Reflecting part is located remotely from the end face for coupling the substrate of incident grating region side, and reflecting part is for reflecting optical signal
Enter optical waveguide substrates.
Reflecting part is the dielectric layer that can carry out optical reflection.
Two grating regions realize once being coupled into for optical signal, twice or repeatedly decoupling.
Two grating regions are equipped with nanoscale grating, and nanoscale grating is relief grating.
Relief grating can pass through nano impression processing procedure batch duplicating.
The grating of grating region is emitted with the grating of the incident grating region of coupling of a piece of waveguide lens unit and coupling
Period and differently- oriented directivity are consistent.
The grating for coupling incident grating region is oblique raster, and the grating duty ratio for coupling incident grating region is arrived 0.4
Between 0.6.
The grating slope angle of incident grating region is coupled between 20 ° to 45 °.
Preferably, the grating slope angle of incident grating region is coupled between 25 ° to 35 °.
The grating depth of incident grating region is coupled between 200nm to 500nm.
Preferably, the grating depth of incident grating region is coupled between 200nm to 350nm
The grating of coupling outgoing grating region is positive grating.
Couple the geometric center of incident grating region with couple the geometric center for being emitted grating region in same horizontal line
On.
The shape of two grating regions is rectangle.
It couples incident grating region and coupling outgoing grating region laterally to arrange along optical waveguide substrates, couples incident grating region
Longitudinal length no more than coupling outgoing grating region longitudinal length.
The refractive index of optical waveguide substrates is higher than the refractive index of upper and lower substrate layer.
Optical waveguide substrates refractive index n1 >=1+2sinFOV/2, wherein FOV is the imaging viewing field angle of augmented reality display device.
Preferably, optical waveguide substrates refractive index is between 1.7 to 2.4.
The relationship of emergent pupil width W1 of the thickness T and optical signal of optical waveguide substrates through holographical wave guide eyeglass meets W1=2tan β
T, wherein β is the maximum angle of total reflection, and the thickness T of optical waveguide substrates is between 0.3mm to 2mm.
It couples incident grating region grating and coupling outgoing grating region grating is located at optical waveguide substrates surface hereinafter, can also be with
More than optical waveguide substrates surface.
The grating of coupling outgoing grating region is transmission diffraction grating, or reflecting diffraction grating.
It couples incident grating region and coupling outgoing grating region is located at the same surface of optical waveguide substrates, wave can also be located at
The different surfaces of conductive substrate.
The present invention also provides a kind of augmented reality display device, including image output source, image-forming component and above-mentioned complete
Cease waveguide eyeglass.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, below will be in embodiment technical description
Required attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some realities of the invention
Example is applied, it for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of holographical wave guide eyeglass building augmented reality display device；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of holographical wave guide front lens surface；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of holographical wave guide lens side；
Fig. 4 a-d is the schematic diagram for coupling two kinds of embodiments of optical grating construction in incident grating region；
Fig. 5 a-d is the schematic diagram of two kinds of embodiments of optical grating construction in coupling outgoing grating region；
Fig. 6 coupling outgoing grating region in grating depth with spatial variations schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram for the holographical wave guide eyeglass for realizing that color hologram is shown；
Fig. 8 be couple incident grating region with couple the schematic diagram for being emitted grating region and optical waveguide substrates different sides being set.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of holographical wave guide eyeglass, the holographical wave guide eyeglass include at least a piece of holographical wave guide lens unit, such as Fig. 1 and
Shown in Fig. 2, which is the example being only made of a holographical wave guide lens unit, holographical wave guide lens unit 1
By optical waveguide substrates 2, two functional grating regions and reflecting part 6 in optical waveguide substrates are constituted, two of them functionality light
The grating of gate region can be directly produced in optical waveguide substrates, can also be with pre-production on film, then will be loaded with optical grating construction
Film in conjunction with optical waveguide substrates.Described two functionality grating regions are respectively as follows:
Incident grating region 3 is coupled, for the optical signal of external light source to be coupled into optical waveguide substrates, and passes through optical waveguide substrates
The directive that is all-trans be coupled out and penetrate grating orientation propagation, with width W1 and length L1, holographic grating is equipped in the grating region,
Such as nanoscale relief grating.
Coupling outgoing grating region 4, will be from the optical signal decoupling optical waveguide substrates for coupling incident grating.It also has width
Spend W2 and length L2.
Under normal circumstances, L2 can be less than using L1=L2 or L1.If as needed, L1 is not greater than L2 also not
It can.
The reflecting part 6 is the dielectric layer that can carry out optical reflection, it is preferred that the dielectric layer reflectivity is greater than 10%.
The dielectric layer can be the silver mirror for being plated in end face, and the reflectivity of end face silver mirror is controlled by the thickness of dielectric layer.In order to make
Reflected light again decoupling when the direction of propagation it is unaffected, the surface roughness of end face silver mirror is controlled in 1nm or less.
The quantity of functional grating region can be limited to two, incident grating region 3 is coupled and believe the light of external light source
Optical waveguide substrates 2 number are coupled into, and the directive that is all-trans Jing Guo optical waveguide substrates 2 is coupled out and penetrates the propagation of 4 direction of grating region, coupling outgoing
Grating region 4 will be from the optical signal decoupling optical waveguide substrates 2 for coupling incident grating region 3.Centre needs not move through relaying grating
Region or other components carry out secondary deflecting and transmit optical signal, so that the difficulty of accurate matched-phase condition substantially reduces, function
Property grating region in grating can use Surface gratings, and (can be can refer to by nano impression processing procedure batch duplicating
The patent document of the present inventor's earlier application and other formerly disclosed technical literatures and patent document).Therefore it overcomes existing
Related defects in technology.And pass through two functional grating region size (width W1, W2；Length L1, L2), between each other
Distance (S), the structure of grating and optical waveguide substrates 2 thickness cooperation, the coupled incident grating of optical signal may be implemented
Region 3 is coupled into, then is transmitted to coupling outgoing 4 front of grating region through the total reflection of optical waveguide substrates 2, and a part of light signal energy is through coupling
The grating decoupling of the front area of conjunction outgoing grating region 4, remaining light signal energy reflection echo conductive substrate 2, then through waveguide
Substrate 2 is totally reflected middle part (or rear portion) grating for returning to coupling outgoing grating region 4, and similarly, a part of light signal energy is through coupling
Close middle part (or rear portion) grating decoupling of outgoing grating region 4, remaining light signal energy reflection echo conductive substrate 2, before continuation
State process.Signal light still has portion of energy not to be coupled outgoing, still in the end for traveling to coupling outgoing grating region 4
So it is strapped in optical waveguide substrates 2.When signal light advances to end face reflection portion 6, after reflection, signal light is still with original complete
Angle of reflection is propagated, and coupling outgoing grating region 4 continues to act on, and repeats the above process out light, to improve light efficiency utilization
Rate.Since the propagation time is much smaller than the refresh interval of image in waveguide, crosstalk will not be caused.This programme is existing to realize
Technology is no to be once coupled into, and is carried out/is returned the function of multiple decoupling, while realizing expansion pupil function, there is that light efficiency is high.
As shown in Figure 1, holographical wave guide eyeglass is made of a piece of holographical wave guide lens unit 1, and building is complete based on this
Waveguide augmented reality display device is ceased, the optical signal that wherein light engine 5 (optical signal or image light signals generating device) generates, warp
It couples incident grating region 3 after image-forming component imaging to be coupled into optical waveguide substrates 2, the directive that is all-trans, which is coupled out, penetrates the biography of grating region 4
It broadcasts, the optical signal of leakage passes through end face reflection portion 6, and secondary and coupling outgoing grating region 4 is acted on, and optical signal is most afterwards through coupling
Outgoing 4 decoupling holographical wave guide eyeglass of grating region is closed, forms virtual image in the front space of holographical wave guide eyeglass, and can be into
One step and real-world scene fusion, the image for forming augmented reality are shown.
Holographical wave guide eyeglass in one holographical wave guide augmented reality display device can according to need comprising a piece of or
Multi-disc holographical wave guide lens unit is, it can be achieved that monochromatic or colored augmented reality display function.Color image may be implemented in monolithic
Output, but two or three pieces holographical wave guide lens unit are preferably used in practical application for the coloration of matching image
Realize colour display functions.The same of optical waveguide substrates layer can be located at by wherein coupling incident grating region and coupling outgoing grating region
Surface, as shown in Figs. 1-3；Different surfaces can also be located at, as shown in Figure 8.The light of relief grating in functional grating region
Grid structure bottom can be located at optical waveguide substrates surface or more, as shown in Figure 6；Optical waveguide substrates surface be may be alternatively located at hereinafter, such as Fig. 3 institute
Show.The preferred grating (being also referred to as coupled into grating) coupled in incident grating region is inclination relief grating, and image light signals exist
It is coupled into stop position, is coupled in optical waveguide substrates by diffraction process, due to meeting total reflection condition, image is in optical waveguide substrates
Grating (also referred to as decoupling grating) in middle lossless propagation to coupling outgoing grating region.Decoupling screen periods, grating orientation and
It is consistent to be coupled into grating, can be positive grating or oblique raster.Decoupling grating diffration efficiency has certain distribution, image with space
Total reflection is beaten on decoupling grating every time, just has portion of energy image decoupling, can be to output image by multiple total reflection
It carries out effectively expanding pupil.Compared to conventional art, which, which has, realizes that difficulty is low, is easy to replicate
It produces, observe comfortable advantage.
Therefore, in practical applications, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, two functional grating region sizes, it is mutual away from
Thickness T size from S, the structure of grating and optical waveguide substrates meets following functions condition: the coupled incident light of image light signals
Gate region 3 is coupled into, then is transmitted to coupling outgoing 4 front area of grating region, a part of optical signal energy through the total reflection of optical waveguide substrates 2
Measure it is coupled outgoing grating region 4 front area in grating decoupling, remaining light signal energy reflection echo conductive substrate 2,
The central region or Background Region for returning to coupling outgoing grating region 4 are totally reflected through optical waveguide substrates 2 again, similarly, a part of light letter
The central region or Background Region grating decoupling, remaining light signal energy of the coupled outgoing grating region 4 of number energy are reflected back
Optical waveguide substrates 2 continue aforementioned process.In the end of coupling outgoing grating region 4, residual optical signal continues to meet total reflection condition
It propagates in optical waveguide substrates 2, when reaching end face, is reflected by reflecting part 6, continued and couple the outgoing effect of grating region 4, output
Signal pattern.To realize once being coupled into for optical signal, twice or multiple decoupling.The example of Fig. 3 is once to be coupled into, three times decoupling
Situation, the decoupling and situation of decoupling similarly, repeats no more more than three times twice.It is of course also possible to easily realize a coupling
Enter, a decoupling.
In practical applications, when constructing wear-type hologram three-dimensional display device, the width for coupling incident grating region 3
Degree W1 can choose 1mm-5mm, and/or, the width W2 of the coupling outgoing grating region 4 is 5mm-3cm.
Further, the interval S coupled between incident grating region 3 and coupling outgoing grating region 4 can choose
5mm-2cm。
The selection of above-mentioned size, the actual needs of foundation are to determine.
Fig. 3 show holographical wave guide lens side schematic diagram.General entire optical waveguide is similar to sandwich structure, middle layer material
Expect that refractive index is higher than upper and lower substrate layer refractive index, middle layer, which can be used as, leads core for propagating light energy, only meets total reflection
The particular beam at angle could be led in core in waveguide and propagate.The optical waveguide substrates that sandwich layer is holographical wave guide eyeglass are led in this hair patent, on
Lower substrate layer utilizes air.It is preferred that the refractive index n1 of optical waveguide substrates, between 1.7 to 2.4, optical waveguide substrates refractive index and imaging are
System field angle FOV needs to meet n1 >=1+2sinFOV/2, and wherein FOV is the imaging viewing field angle of augmented reality display device.Therefore
It needs to be designed for uniformity with the field angle of imaging system.Optical waveguide substrates material can choose to be arrived in visible light wave range 400nm
700nm has the material of good transmitance, and preferably 96% or more, material can be inorganic material, such as dense flint glass,
It is also possible to organic material, such as episulfide resin.Optical waveguide substrates thickness T and imaging system emergent pupil width W1 meet W1=2tan β
T, wherein β is the maximum angle of total reflection, so that can watch whole image, general substrate in any position of output area
Thickness value is between 0.3mm to 2mm.
Fig. 4 a-d is to be coupled into optical grating construction figure, has unsymmetrical grating groove profile, is oblique raster, concentrates on that will measure
Advantage in single diffraction time.Two kinds of oblique raster groove profiles and corresponding meaning of parameters are given in Fig. 4 a-d.Wherein α is to incline
Oblique angle, for characterizing the asymmetry of grating, h is grating depth, and Λ 1 is screen periods, and W is grating groove width.Fig. 4 a and figure
4c is straight strip chute type, and Fig. 4 b and Fig. 4 d are oblique triangle groove profile, in actual use, as long as certain can be focused on diffraction energy
The asymmetric oblique raster groove profile of one level can be met the requirements.It is coupled into screen periods and field angle and lambda1-wavelength needs completely
Foot is claimed below: Λ 1=enters/(1+sin FOV/2), enters for wavelength.In practical applications, by redgreenblue holographical wave guide mirror
When blade unit constructs holographical wave guide eyeglass, preferred red eyeglass is coupled into grating Λ 1 between 400nm to 540nm, corresponding regulation
The feux rouges of 610nm to 650nm.Green len is coupled into grating Λ 1 between 330nm to 450nm, corresponding regulation 500nm to 540nm
Green light.Blue eyeglass is coupled into grating Λ 1 between 290nm to 400nm, the blue light of corresponding regulation 440nm to 480nm.Grating
Duty ratio W/ Λ 1, inclination angle alpha and grating depth h are the important parameters for influencing diffraction energy distribution, in order to guarantee to be coupled into level
Efficiency is higher than 50%, and for coupling incident grating region 3, preferred grating duty ratio is between 0.4 to 0.6, and inclination angle is at 20 °
To between 45 °, between 200nm to 500nm, the grating depth that is coupled into of different colours eyeglass does not need unanimously grating depth h.Such as
Shown in Fig. 4 a, c, acquisition can directly be made in substrate waveguide by being coupled into grating, therefore grating material is consistent with optical waveguide substrates material.
As shown in Fig. 4 b, d, being coupled into grating can make on substrate waveguide surface, and the distance d at grating slot bottom to optical waveguide substrates upper surface exists
Between 0.2 micron to 2 microns, n2 is between 1.6 to 2 for grating material refractive index, in order to reduce interface incidence loss, preferred light
Grid material refractive index is consistent with eyeglass waveguide index.
Output grating can also be positive grating for oblique raster, it is contemplated that cost of manufacture, be preferably positive grating, such as Fig. 5 a-d
It is shown.It gives output grating in Fig. 5 to be positive the structural schematic diagram of grating, groove profile is presented and surface normal is symmetrical.Same
Holographic mirror on piece, output grating period A 2 are consistent with grating period A 1 is coupled into.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, coupling outgoing grating region 4 in grating depth be by linear change, or
By the increased curvilinear motion of slope, or the curvilinear motion to become smaller by slope.It is intended that optical signal (such as containing image information
Image light signals) need repeatedly and coupling outgoing grating region 4 in grating acted on (i.e. multiple decoupling), correspondingly,
Output has certain loss to the energy of incident image optical signal every time.Although by the return optical signal in end face reflection portion 6, and
Coupling outgoing 4 sequence of operation of grating region is on the contrary, still since incident gross energy is different, in order to enable output image is entirely being seen
It examines in range uniformly, output diffraction efficiency of grating needs are regulated and controled according to space.In practical applications, coupling outgoing grating region
It is complete in coupling outgoing grating region to correspond to optical signal by its position for the grating diffration efficiency of a certain position in domain
Order of reflection determines, the diffraction efficiency of grating η j=η 1 (1- (j-1) η 1) at jth time optical signal total reflection output, wherein η 1 is
Total reflection position grating diffration efficiency for the first time is emitted diffraction efficiency 1=1/N for the first time, and wherein N is that total total reflection is defeated
Outdegree.It is uniformly exported shown in Fig. 6 to be obtained by grating depth regulation.For uniform in whole region, diffraction efficiency
Variation can serialization, the variation of corresponding grating depth can be linear, is also possible to the increased curve of slope or slope becomes
Small curve, with output intensity as far as possible uniformly for standard.
In practical applications, the incident grating region 3 of the coupling and coupling outgoing grating region 4 can be rectangle,
The two sides of the same face of optical waveguide substrates or the two sides of different sides are arranged in along same axis on holographical wave guide eyeglass.Wherein, coupling
Be incorporated into penetrate grating region can also using round or other shapes, as needed depending on.
In general, the length L1 for coupling incident grating region 3 is less than or equal to the length of coupling outgoing grating region 4
Spend L2.
In practical applications, the optical waveguide substrates hair refractive index n1 meets n1 >=1+2sinFOV/2, and wherein FOV is enhancing
The imaging viewing field angle of reality display device.
Further, the relationship of emergent pupil width W1 of the thickness T and optical signal of the optical waveguide substrates through holographical wave guide eyeglass
Meet W1=2tan β T, wherein β is the maximum angle of total reflection, the preferred 0.3mm-2mm of T.
In practical applications, the optical waveguide substrates hair refractive index can choose 1.7-2.4.
In practical applications, monochromatic augmented reality display device is realized using single holographical wave guide lens unit 1, it can also
Colored display is realized to stack using RGB holographical wave guide eyeglass.Fig. 7 show the holographical wave guide eyeglass for realizing colored display,
It wherein from top to bottom contains and respectively corresponds the three pieces holographical wave guide lens unit for showing bluish-green red color.How to be spread out by nanometer
The setting of grating is penetrated to construct the holographical wave guide lens unit of corresponding different diffraction in the first patent document of the applicant
There is corresponding explanation, details are not described herein.(corresponding main total reflection is blue from uppermost blue eyeglass for color image optical signal
The holographical wave guide lens unit of coloured light signal, below red eyeglass and green len similarly) 3 position of coupling incidence grating region
The signal of incidence, blue color component is interior by efficient coupling to first layer holographical wave guide lens unit (i.e. blue eyeglass), green and red
The signal of color is very low in the efficiency that blue eyeglass is coupled into grating, continues the coupling incidence grating region 3 for traveling to green len, green
Chrominance signal is coupled into second layer holographical wave guide lens unit (i.e. green len).Red component signal continues to propagate, red
Look mirror piece couples incident grating region position 3 and sets, and is coupled into third layer holographical wave guide lens unit (i.e. red eyeglass).It is different
The signal of color is exported by different eyeglasses, finally realizes colored display in position of human eye.In first layer and the second layer and
Coupling incidence stop position between two layers and third layer eyeglass, can place antireflection layer, enter to reduce different colours signal
Penetrate the reflection of interface.
In the example in figure 7, the coupling incidence grating region 3 on same holographical wave guide lens unit and coupling outgoing grating
Region 4 is on the same surface of optical waveguide substrates.It can also be as shown in figure 8, coupling incident light on same holographical wave guide lens unit
Gate region 3 and coupling are emitted grating region 4 in the different surfaces of optical waveguide substrates.Wherein couple the grating in incident grating region 3
Parameter designing it is identical with above-described embodiment, coupling outgoing grating region 4 in grating reflection diffraction is changed to by transmission diffraction, after
Person's grating depth is changed to the grating depth half in Fig. 7 example.
The optical signal that optical signal or image light signals generating device generate couples incident grating region after imaged element imaging
Domain 3 is coupled into optical waveguide substrates 2, and the directive that is all-trans, which is coupled out, penetrates the propagation of grating region 4, forms first time decoupling, the light letter of leakage
Number continue to travel to the side of waveguide, when signal light advances to end face reflection portion 6, after reflection, signal light is still with original
The angle of total reflection propagate, and coupling outgoing grating region 4 continues to act on, and repeats the above process out light, forms second of coupling
Out, to improve light efficiency utilization rate.Since the propagation time is much smaller than the refresh interval of image in waveguide, will not cause to go here and there
It disturbs.This programme is once coupled into realize that the prior art is no, carrys out/returns the function of multiple decoupling, expand pupil function realizing
Meanwhile having the advantages that light efficiency is high.Above-mentioned first time decoupling and second of decoupling, optical signal are equal it can be seen from Fig. 8 and Fig. 7
Total reflection decoupling including 3 times in coupling exit area different location realizes the purpose for expanding pupil.Principle according to the present invention, can
It is primary incident to realize, by the function of setting number decoupling.To realize the purpose for expanding pupil and improving light efficiency.
The present invention also provides a kind of augmented reality display device, including image output source, image-forming component and any of the above-described
The holographical wave guide eyeglass.
In practical applications, it can be selected that the coupling incidence width of grating region and the image of holographical wave guide eyeglass
The equivalent width of emergent pupil.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, similar portion may refer to each other between each embodiment.To being stated in the disclosed embodiments
It is bright, it enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.Various modifications to these embodiments are to this field
It will be apparent for professional technician, the general principles defined herein can not depart from spirit of the invention
Or in the case where range, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will not be by limitation and these implementations shown in this article
Example, and it is to fit to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (33)
1. a kind of holographical wave guide eyeglass, which is characterized in that the holographical wave guide eyeglass includes at least a piece of holographical wave guide eyeglass list
Member, the waveguide lens unit include optical waveguide substrates and two grating regions in optical waveguide substrates, described two grating regions
Domain is respectively to couple incident grating region and coupling outgoing grating region.
2. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the waveguide lens unit further includes film,
The film is located at the optical waveguide substrates surface.
3. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that optical signal is from the incident grating region of the coupling
It injects, after the optical waveguide substrates internal reflection, is projected from coupling outgoing grating region.
4. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the holographical wave guide lens unit further includes anti-
Penetrate portion.
5. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the reflecting part is located remotely from coupling incident light
The end face of the substrate of gate region side, the reflecting part is for reflecting optical signal into optical waveguide substrates.
6. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the reflecting part is that can carry out optical reflection
Dielectric layer.
7. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described two grating regions realize optical signal
It is once coupled into, twice or repeatedly decoupling.
8. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described two grating regions are equipped with nanoscale
Grating.
9. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the nanoscale grating is relief grating.
10. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the relief grating can be pressed by nanometer
Print journey batch duplicating.
11. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 8, which is characterized in that with being coupled into for a piece of waveguide lens unit
The grating for penetrating grating region is consistent with the period of the grating of coupling outgoing grating region and differently- oriented directivity.
12. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the grating for coupling incident grating region
For oblique raster.
13. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the grating for coupling incident grating region
Duty ratio is between 0.4 to 0.6.
14. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the grating for coupling incident grating region
Inclination angle is between 20 ° to 45 °.
15. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 14, which is characterized in that the grating for coupling incident grating region
Inclination angle is between 25 ° to 35 °.
16. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the grating for coupling incident grating region
Depth is between 200nm to 500nm.
17. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 16, which is characterized in that the grating for coupling incident grating region
Depth is between 200nm to 350nm.
18. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the grating of the coupling outgoing grating region
Be positive grating.
19. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the geometry for coupling incident grating region
Center with couple outgoing grating region geometric center on same horizontal line.
20. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 19, which is characterized in that the shape of described two grating regions is square
Shape.
21. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 20, which is characterized in that the incident grating region of the coupling and coupling
It is emitted grating region and laterally arranges along optical waveguide substrates, the longitudinal length for coupling incident grating region is coupled out no more than described
Penetrate the longitudinal length of grating region.
22. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the refractive index of the optical waveguide substrates is higher than upper
Lower substrate layer refractive index.
23. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the optical waveguide substrates refractive index n1 >=1+
2sinFOV/2, wherein FOV is the imaging viewing field angle of augmented reality display device.
24. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 23, which is characterized in that the optical waveguide substrates refractive index is arrived 1.7
Between 2.4.
25. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thickness T and optical signal of the optical waveguide substrates
The relationship of emergent pupil width W1 through holographical wave guide eyeglass meets W1=2tan β T, and wherein β is the maximum angle of total reflection.
26. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 25, which is characterized in that the thickness T of the optical waveguide substrates is in 0.3mm
To between 2mm.
27. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the incident grating region grating of the coupling and
Coupling outgoing grating region grating is located at optical waveguide substrates surface or less.
28. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the incident grating region grating of the coupling and
Coupling outgoing grating region grating is located at optical waveguide substrates surface or more.
29. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the grating of the coupling outgoing grating region
For transmission diffraction grating.
30. holographical wave guide eyeglass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the grating of the coupling outgoing grating region
For reflecting diffraction grating.
31. -30 described in any item holographical wave guide eyeglasses according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the incident grating region of the coupling
Domain and coupling outgoing grating region are located at the same surface of optical waveguide substrates.
32. -30 described in any item holographical wave guide eyeglasses according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the incident grating region of the coupling
Domain and coupling outgoing grating region are located at the different surfaces of optical waveguide substrates.
33. a kind of augmented reality display device, including image output source, image-forming component and claim 1-32 any described
Holographical wave guide eyeglass.
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| CN201710563451.XA CN109239920A (en) | 2017-07-11 | 2017-07-11 | A kind of holographical wave guide eyeglass and augmented reality display device |
| PCT/CN2017/106809 WO2019010857A1 (en) | 2017-07-11 | 2017-10-19 | Holographic waveguide lens and augmented reality display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710563451.XA CN109239920A (en) | 2017-07-11 | 2017-07-11 | A kind of holographical wave guide eyeglass and augmented reality display device |
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| CN201710563451.XA Pending CN109239920A (en) | 2017-07-11 | 2017-07-11 | A kind of holographical wave guide eyeglass and augmented reality display device |
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| WO (1) | WO2019010857A1 (en) |
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