CN106383406B - Large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system and method imitating insect compound eyes - Google Patents
Large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system and method imitating insect compound eyes Download PDFInfo
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- CN106383406B CN106383406B CN201611073494.1A CN201611073494A CN106383406B CN 106383406 B CN106383406 B CN 106383406B CN 201611073494 A CN201611073494 A CN 201611073494A CN 106383406 B CN106383406 B CN 106383406B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of near-eye display, in particular to a large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system and method simulating insect compound eyes. The large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system imitating the insect compound eye comprises a micro display, a collimating lens group, a micro lens array, an input diffraction optical element, a waveguide and an output diffraction optical element, wherein the input diffraction optical element and the output diffraction optical element are positioned at two ends of the waveguide; the micro-lens array adopts a bionic compound eye structure; the micro-display outputs an image as a micro-element image array, the micro-element image array is collimated by the collimating lens group and then enters the micro-lens array, and then is diffracted by the input diffraction optical element, or is collimated by the collimating lens group and then enters the input diffraction optical element for diffraction, and then penetrates through the micro-lens array, and light enters the waveguide to be transmitted in a total reflection mode and is diffracted and output by the output diffraction optical element. The invention combines integrated imaging and a micro-lens array to realize the increase of the field angle of the 3D head-mounted display system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of near-eye display, in particular to a large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system and method simulating insect compound eyes.
Background
With the advancement of technology, augmented reality smart glasses are gradually appearing in the popular fields of vision, such as google glass of google and glollens of microsoft. Googleglass projects an image on an LCOS microdisplay through a projection optical system, passes through a prism and a reflector, and reflects the projected image to the eyes of a user through a beam splitter built in the prism. The Hololens couples the image on the LCOS or DLP micro display into the waveguide through the holographic grating, and transmits through the waveguide, and finally couples and outputs through the corresponding holographic grating right in front of the human eye, and the projection enters the human eye. Both the near-eye display technologies have the problem of small visual field, the visual field of the former is about 14 degrees, and the visual field of the latter is about 30 degrees, so that the requirements of current consumer products cannot be met. Augmented reality intelligent glasses are required to meet the requirements of consumer products, and the problem that the large visual field needs to be solved urgently is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that a monocular 3D head-mounted display system in the prior art is small in field angle.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a large-field-of-view monocular 3D head-mounted display system imitating insect compound eyes, which comprises a micro-display, a collimating lens group, a micro-lens array, an input diffractive optical element, a waveguide and an output diffractive optical element, wherein the input diffractive optical element and the output diffractive optical element are positioned at two ends of the waveguide; the micro lens array adopts a bionic compound eye structure; the micro display outputs an image as a micro element image array, the micro element image array is collimated by the collimating lens group and then enters the micro lens array, and then is diffracted by the input diffraction optical element or is collimated by the collimating lens group and then enters the input diffraction optical element for diffraction, and then penetrates through the micro lens array, and light enters the waveguide to be transmitted in a total reflection mode and is diffracted and output by the output diffraction optical element.
According to the invention, the input diffractive optical element and the output diffractive optical element both employ volume holographic gratings.
According to the invention, the bragg wavelength of the input and output diffractive optical elements is the same as the centre wavelength of the microdisplay.
According to the invention, the thickness of the input diffractive optical element and the output diffractive optical element is the same.
According to the invention, the waveguide is made of transparent optical glass or transparent optical plastic.
According to the invention, the microlens array is embedded in the waveguide, and when the input diffractive optical element and the output diffractive optical element are both reflective or transmissive, the input diffractive optical element and the output diffractive optical element are arranged on the same side of the waveguide; when the input diffractive optical element is a reflective type and the output diffractive optical element is a transmissive type, or when the input diffractive optical element is a transmissive type and the output diffractive optical element is a reflective type, the input diffractive optical element and the output diffractive optical element are respectively arranged on two sides of the waveguide.
According to the invention, the microlens array is arranged on one side surface of the waveguide, the input diffractive optical element is arranged on one side of the microlens array far away from the waveguide, and the input diffractive optical element is of a reflective type.
According to the invention, the input diffractive optical element is a curved surface structure, and the curvature of the input diffractive optical element is consistent with the curvature of the microlens array.
According to the invention, one side of the waveguide is provided with a concave cavity with the curvature consistent with that of the micro-lens array, and the micro-lens array is arranged in the concave cavity; the input diffraction optical element is arranged on one side of the micro-lens array, which is far away from the waveguide, and the input diffraction optical element is in a reflection type; the input diffraction optical element is of a curved surface structure, and the curvature of the input diffraction optical element is consistent with that of the micro lens array.
The invention also provides a display method of the large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system imitating the insect compound eye, which comprises the following steps:
outputting a micro element image array by using a micro display;
the micro-element image array is collimated by the collimating lens group, then enters the micro-lens array of the bionic fly-eye structure, is diffracted by the input diffraction optical element, or is collimated by the collimating lens group, enters the input diffraction optical element, is diffracted and then penetrates through the micro-lens array of the bionic fly-eye structure;
the light enters the waveguide to propagate in a total reflection mode and is diffracted and output through the output diffraction optical element.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: the large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the micro lens array of the bionic compound eye structure, and the propagation light path of the micro lens array to the micro element image array is changed, so that the visual angle of light finally diffracted and output by the output diffraction optical element is increased, and the problem that the visual angle of the existing 3D head-mounted display system is limited is effectively solved. And the micro-lens array of the bionic compound eye structure has small volume and small mass, and is convenient for manufacturing a display system. The micro-lens array of the bionic compound eye structure is combined with integrated imaging, so that the field angle of the display system is about 180 degrees, the maximum field angle can almost reach 360 degrees, and the surrounding environment can be comprehensively seen.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system simulating compound insect eyes according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-field-of-view monocular 3D head-mounted display system simulating compound insect eyes according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system simulating insect compound eyes according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system simulating insect compound eyes according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system simulating the compound eye of an insect according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system simulating insect compound eyes according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system simulating insect compound eyes according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system simulating insect compound eyes according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system simulating insect compound eyes according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system simulating an insect compound eye according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1: a microdisplay; 2: a collimating lens group; 3: a waveguide; 4: an input diffractive optical element; 5: a microlens array; 6: an output diffractive optical element.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the large-field-of-view monocular 3D head-mounted display system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a microdisplay 1, a collimating lens group 2, a microlens array 5, an input diffractive optical element 4, a waveguide 3 and an output diffractive optical element 6, where the input diffractive optical element 4 and the output diffractive optical element 6 are located at two ends of the waveguide 3; the micro-lens array 5 adopts a bionic compound eye structure; preferably, the angle between adjacent microlenses of the microlens array 5 is generally 1 ° to 4 °. The micro display 1 outputs an image as a micro element image array, the micro element image array is collimated by the collimating lens group 2, then enters the micro lens array 5, is diffracted by the input diffraction optical element 4, or is collimated by the collimating lens group 2, enters the input diffraction optical element 4, is diffracted, then penetrates through the micro lens array 5, and light enters the waveguide 3, is transmitted in a total reflection mode, and is diffracted and output by the output diffraction optical element 6. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the microlens array 5 is embedded in the waveguide 3, the input diffractive optical element 4 and the output diffractive optical element 6 are both reflective, and the input diffractive optical element 4 and the output diffractive optical element 6 are disposed on the same side of the waveguide 3. The light firstly enters the micro lens array 5 to change the light path, then is diffracted by the input diffraction optical element 4 and is totally reflected and propagated in the waveguide 3, and finally is diffracted and output to human eyes by the output diffraction optical element 6.
The large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the micro lens array 5 with the bionic compound eye structure, and the micro lens array 5 changes the propagation light path of the micro element image array, so that the visual angle of light finally diffracted and output by the output diffraction optical element 6 is increased, and the problem that the visual angle of the existing 3D head-mounted display system is limited is effectively solved. And the micro-lens array 5 of the bionic compound eye structure has small volume and small mass, and is convenient for manufacturing a display system. The micro-lens array 5 with the bionic compound eye structure is combined with integrated imaging, so that the field angle of the display system is about 180 degrees, and the maximum field angle can almost reach 360 degrees, and the surrounding environment can be comprehensively seen.
Further, the volume hologram grating is employed for both the input diffractive optical element 4 and the output diffractive optical element 6 in the present embodiment. Volume holographic gratings have high diffraction efficiency, low scattering and are relatively simple to fabricate. Preferably, the bragg wavelength of the input diffractive optical element 4 and the output diffractive optical element 6 in this embodiment is the same as the center wavelength of the microdisplay 1. Further, the thicknesses of the input diffractive optical element 4 and the output diffractive optical element 6 are the same in the present embodiment. The 3D display effect of the display system is improved.
Further, the waveguide 3 in this embodiment is made of transparent optical glass or transparent optical plastic. It should be noted that the waveguide 3 is sufficient that the light can propagate therein in a total reflection manner.
Example two
The second embodiment has the same technical content as the first embodiment, and the disclosure of the first embodiment also belongs to the disclosure of the second embodiment, and the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the input diffractive optical element 4 and the output diffractive optical element 6 are both transmissive, and light is diffracted by the input diffractive optical element 4, then changes the optical path by the microlens array 5, is totally reflected and propagated by the waveguide 3, enters the output diffractive optical element 6, is diffracted by the output diffractive optical element 6, and then is output to the human eye.
EXAMPLE III
The third embodiment has the same technical content as the first embodiment, and the disclosure of the first embodiment also belongs to the third embodiment, and the difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the input diffractive optical element 4 is of a transmissive type, and the output diffractive optical element 6 is of a reflective type, and the input diffractive optical element 4 and the output diffractive optical element 6 are respectively provided on both sides of the waveguide 3. The light is firstly diffracted by the input diffraction optical element 4, then the light path is changed by the micro lens array 5, the light is totally reflected and propagated to the output diffraction optical element 6 by the waveguide 3, and the light is diffracted by the output diffraction optical element 6 and then output to human eyes.
Example four
The same technical contents of the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment are not described repeatedly, the disclosure of the third embodiment also belongs to the disclosure of the fourth embodiment, and the difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment is that: as shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the input diffractive optical element 4 is of a reflective type, and the output diffractive optical element 6 is of a transmissive type. The light ray is firstly diffracted by the input diffraction optical element 4 after the light path is changed by the micro lens array 5, is totally reflected and propagated to the output diffraction optical element 6 by the waveguide 3, and is output to human eyes after being diffracted by the output diffraction optical element 6.
EXAMPLE five
The fifth embodiment has the same technical content as the first embodiment, and the disclosure of the first embodiment also belongs to the disclosure of the fifth embodiment, and the difference between the fifth embodiment and the first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the microlens array 5 is disposed on one side surface of the waveguide 3, the input diffractive optical element 4 is disposed on a side of the microlens array 5 away from the waveguide 3, the input diffractive optical element 4 is of a reflective type, and the output diffractive optical element 6 is of a reflective type. I.e. the input diffractive optical element 4 is located on the same side of the waveguide 3 as the output diffractive optical element 6. The light firstly passes through the waveguide 3 and enters the micro lens array 5, the light path is changed by the micro lens array 5, then the light is diffracted by the input diffraction optical element 4, is totally reflected by the waveguide 3 and is propagated to the output diffraction optical element 6, and is diffracted by the output diffraction optical element 6 and then is output to human eyes.
EXAMPLE six
The same technical content as that of the fifth embodiment is not described repeatedly, the content disclosed by the fifth embodiment also belongs to the content disclosed by the sixth embodiment, and the difference between the sixth embodiment and the fifth embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the output diffractive optical element 6 is of a transmissive type, that is, the input diffractive optical element 4 and the output diffractive optical element 6 are respectively provided on both sides of the waveguide 3. The optical principle is the same as that in embodiment five.
EXAMPLE seven
The seventh embodiment has the same technical content as the fifth embodiment, and the disclosure of the fifth embodiment also belongs to the disclosure of the seventh embodiment, and the seventh embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that: as shown in fig. 7, the input diffractive optical element 4 in this embodiment has a curved surface structure, and the curvature of the input diffractive optical element matches the curvature of the microlens array 5. The optical principle is the same as that in embodiment five.
Example eight
The technical content of the eighth embodiment that is the same as that of the sixth embodiment is not described repeatedly, the content disclosed in the sixth embodiment also belongs to the content disclosed in the eighth embodiment, and the difference between the eighth embodiment and the sixth embodiment is: as shown in fig. 8, the input diffractive optical element 4 in this embodiment has a curved surface structure, and the curvature of the input diffractive optical element matches the curvature of the microlens array 5. The optical principle is the same as that in the sixth embodiment.
Example nine
The same technical contents as those of the first embodiment are not described repeatedly, and the disclosure of the first embodiment also belongs to the disclosure of the ninth embodiment, and the ninth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: as shown in fig. 9, in the present embodiment, a concave cavity with a curvature identical to that of the microlens array 5 is formed on one side surface of the waveguide 3, and the microlens array 5 is disposed in the concave cavity; the input diffraction optical element 4 is arranged on one side of the micro lens array 5 far away from the waveguide 3, and the input diffraction optical element 4 is of a reflection type; the input diffractive optical element 4 has a curved surface structure, and the curvature of the input diffractive optical element coincides with the curvature of the microlens array 5. The output diffractive optical element 6 in this embodiment is of a reflective type. The light firstly passes through the waveguide 3 and enters the micro lens array 5, the light path is changed by the micro lens array 5, then the light is diffracted by the input diffraction optical element 4, is totally reflected by the waveguide 3 and is propagated to the output diffraction optical element 6, and is diffracted by the output diffraction optical element 6 and then is output to human eyes.
Example ten
The technical content of the tenth embodiment that is the same as that of the ninth embodiment is not described repeatedly, the disclosure of the ninth embodiment also belongs to the disclosure of the tenth embodiment, and the tenth embodiment differs from the ninth embodiment in that: as shown in fig. 10, the output diffractive optical element 6 in this embodiment is of a transmissive type. The optical principle is the same as that of the ninth embodiment.
EXAMPLE eleven
The eleventh embodiment of the present invention provides a display method of a large-field-of-view monocular 3D head-mounted display system simulating compound eyes of insects according to any one of the first to tenth embodiments, wherein the display method includes the following steps: outputting an image micro-element image array by using the micro display 1; the micro-element image array is collimated by the collimating lens group 2, then enters the micro-lens array 5 of the bionic fly-eye structure, is diffracted by the input diffraction optical element 4, or is collimated by the collimating lens group 2, enters the input diffraction optical element 4, is diffracted, then penetrates through the micro-lens array 5 of the bionic fly-eye structure, and light enters the waveguide 3 to be transmitted in a total reflection mode and is diffracted and output by the output diffraction optical element 6. The display method has the same technical characteristics as the large-view-field monocular 3D head-mounted display system imitating the compound eye of the insect, has the same beneficial effects, and is not repeated herein.
In summary, the large-field-of-view monocular 3D head-mounted display system with insect-like compound eyes provided in the embodiment of the present invention is provided with the microlens array with a bionic compound eye structure, and the propagation light path of the microlens array to the infinitesimal image array is changed, so that the viewing angle of the light finally diffracted and output by the output diffraction optical element is increased, and the problem of limited field angle of the existing 3D head-mounted display system is effectively improved. And the micro-lens array of the bionic compound eye structure has small volume and small mass, and is convenient for manufacturing a display system. The micro-lens array of the bionic compound eye structure is combined with integrated imaging, so that the field angle of the display system is about 180 degrees, the maximum field angle can almost reach 360 degrees, and the surrounding environment can be comprehensively seen. When the head-mounted display device adopting the display system and the display method is used, the head-mounted display device comprises two light paths, wherein one light path is that a micro-element image array output by the micro-display 1 enters human eyes through a virtual image transmitted by the display system, and the other light path is that natural light from the outside directly enters the human eyes after penetrating through the output diffraction optical element 6 and the waveguide 3, so that the human eyes can finally see the image superposed on the outside landscape.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a big visual field monocular 3D head-mounted display system of imitative insect compound eye which characterized in that: the micro-display device comprises a micro-display, a collimating lens group, a micro-lens array, an input diffraction optical element, a waveguide and an output diffraction optical element, wherein the input diffraction optical element and the output diffraction optical element are positioned at two ends of the waveguide; the micro-lens array adopts a bionic compound eye structure, and the included angle between adjacent micro-lenses of the micro-lens array is 1-4 degrees;
the micro display outputs an image which is a micro element image array, the micro element image array is collimated by the collimating lens group, then enters the micro lens array, is diffracted by the input diffraction optical element, or is collimated by the collimating lens group, enters the input diffraction optical element, is diffracted and then penetrates through the micro lens array, and light enters the waveguide to be transmitted in a total reflection mode and is diffracted and output by the output diffraction optical element;
the input diffractive optical element and the output diffractive optical element are both reflective, the micro lens array is arranged on one side surface of the waveguide, the input diffractive optical element is arranged on one side of the micro lens array far away from the waveguide, and the input diffractive optical element and the output diffractive optical element are arranged on the same side of the waveguide;
a concave cavity with the curvature consistent with that of the micro-lens array is arranged on one side surface of the waveguide, and the micro-lens array is arranged in the concave cavity; the input diffraction optical element is arranged on one side of the micro-lens array, which is far away from the waveguide, and the input diffraction optical element is in a reflection type; the input diffraction optical element is of a curved surface structure, and the curvature of the input diffraction optical element is consistent with that of the micro lens array.
2. The large-field-of-view monocular 3D head mounted display system of the insect compound eye simulation of claim 1, wherein: the input diffractive optical element and the output diffractive optical element both adopt volume holographic gratings.
3. The large-field-of-view monocular 3D head mounted display system of the insect compound eye simulation of claim 2, wherein: the bragg wavelength of the input and output diffractive optical elements is the same as the central wavelength of the microdisplay.
4. The large-field-of-view monocular 3D head mounted display system of the insect compound eye simulation of claim 2, wherein: the input diffractive optical element and the output diffractive optical element have the same thickness.
5. The large-field-of-view monocular 3D head mounted display system of the insect compound eye simulation of claim 1, wherein: the waveguide is made of transparent optical glass or transparent optical plastic.
6. The large-field-of-view monocular 3D head mounted display system of the insect compound eye simulation of claim 1, wherein: the input diffraction optical element is of a curved surface structure, and the curvature of the input diffraction optical element is consistent with that of the micro lens array.
7. A display method of a large-field monocular 3D head mounted display system imitating the compound eye of an insect according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
outputting a micro element image array by using a micro display;
the micro-element image array is collimated by the collimating lens group, then enters the micro-lens array of the bionic fly-eye structure, is diffracted by the input diffraction optical element, or is collimated by the collimating lens group, enters the input diffraction optical element, is diffracted and then penetrates through the micro-lens array of the bionic fly-eye structure;
the light enters the waveguide to propagate in a total reflection mode and is diffracted and output through the output diffraction optical element.
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| CN107450188A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-08 | 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 | A kind of nearly eye display device of 3D and method |
| CN112578574B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2022-04-05 | 中山大学 | Optical waveguide optical field display system based on grating |
| CN110955059A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-04-03 | 北京理工大学 | Integrated imaging three-dimensional display system |
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