CN109238643B - Full-visual circulating pipeline system for monitoring hydrate blockage - Google Patents
Full-visual circulating pipeline system for monitoring hydrate blockage Download PDFInfo
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- CN109238643B CN109238643B CN201811105525.6A CN201811105525A CN109238643B CN 109238643 B CN109238643 B CN 109238643B CN 201811105525 A CN201811105525 A CN 201811105525A CN 109238643 B CN109238643 B CN 109238643B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-visual circulating pipeline system for monitoring hydrate blockage, which belongs to the technical field of pipeline flow safety control and comprises a full-visual pipeline system, a hydrate monitoring system and a hydrate monitoring system, wherein the full-visual pipeline system comprises four sections of pipelines and a plurality of stainless steel bent pipes, wherein the pipelines are horizontally arranged from top to bottom; each section of pipeline is formed by connecting a plurality of organic glass straight pipes, and the fully-visible pipeline system is arranged in the stepping type low-temperature constant-temperature chamber; the invention can conveniently monitor the pipeline state in real time, can provide comprehensive data and evaluation for the flow safety problem of submarine oil gas transportation, and has the advantages of reasonable structure, simple operation, easy observation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline flow safety control, in particular to a full-visual circulating pipeline system for monitoring hydrate blockage.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is a white crystalline solid, and is formed by combining hydrocarbon molecules in natural gas with free water in the natural gas under certain temperature and pressure conditions. In the process of oil and gas exploitation and transportation, particularly, the generation of hydrates is more facilitated under the low temperature and high pressure in a deep water environment, but the condition that natural gas hydrates block pipelines cannot be treated on site, and the oil and gas exploitation efficiency is seriously affected, so that the research on the flow safety problem caused by hydrate blockage in the pipelines is a basic guarantee for solving the problems.
The current flow safety evaluation experiment circulating pipeline can realize scientific research to a certain degree and obtain related experiment data, but the full visualization is not realized, the integral observation of the blocking state of the natural gas hydrate in the pipeline cannot be made, a real-time image of the blocking process of the hydrate generation cannot be obtained, and basic data cannot be provided for solving the flow safety problem in the submarine oil and gas pipeline transportation process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the full-visual circulating pipeline system for monitoring the hydrate blockage, which can simulate the real natural gas transportation environment, can acquire and monitor images and sound wave signals of the hydrate circulating pipeline in real time and perform data analysis, and is simple and convenient to operate and comprehensive in observation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a full visual circulating pipeline system for monitoring hydrate blockage comprises a full visual pipeline system, wherein the full visual pipeline system comprises four sections of pipelines and a plurality of stainless steel bent pipes, wherein the pipelines are horizontally arranged from top to bottom; each section of pipeline is formed by connecting a plurality of organic glass straight pipes, wherein one end of the first section of pipeline is connected with one end of the fourth section of pipeline through a stainless steel bent pipe, one end of the second section of pipeline is connected with one end of the third section of pipeline through a stainless steel bent pipe, the other end of the first section of pipeline is connected with the other end of the second section of pipeline through a stainless steel bent pipe, and the other end of the fourth section of pipeline is connected with the other end of the third section of pipeline through a stainless steel bent pipe; the full-visual pipeline system comprises a plurality of visual windows which are respectively arranged on a stainless steel bent pipe connecting a first section of pipeline and a fourth section of pipeline, a stainless steel bent pipe connecting the first section of pipeline and a second section of pipeline, and a stainless steel bent pipe connecting the fourth section of pipeline and a third section of pipeline; a connecting hose is respectively connected between the organic glass straight pipes forming the second section of pipeline and the third section of pipeline, the second section of pipeline and the third section of pipeline are erected on a movable base, and a chain block capable of regulating and controlling the fluctuation angles of the second section of pipeline and the third section of pipeline is arranged on the movable base; the fourth section of pipeline is connected with a blind pipe; the full-visual pipeline system is arranged in the stepping type low-temperature constant-temperature chamber.
Furthermore, a single-screw pump is connected to the fourth section of pipeline through a flange, a mass flow meter is connected to the outlet of the single-screw pump, and the single-screw pump and the mass flow meter form a circulating system; one end of the circulating system is connected with a differential pressure sensor, the other end of the circulating system is connected with a pneumatic valve, and the differential pressure sensor is connected with the pneumatic valve.
Furthermore, the organic glass straight pipes forming the first section of pipeline, the second section of pipeline, the third section of pipeline and the fourth section of pipeline are connected through connecting flanges, each connecting flange is provided with a sensor interface, and a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are mounted on the sensor interface; a plurality of CCD cameras used for monitoring the pipelines are arranged between the four sections of pipelines and are respectively positioned at the position of each organic glass straight pipe and the position of the visual window.
Furthermore, a gate valve and a ball valve are connected between the organic glass straight pipes forming the first section of pipeline, and the position adjacent to the gate valve is also connected with a sound wave instrument through a flange.
Furthermore, one side of the stepping low-temperature thermostatic chamber is connected with a heat exchanger and a methane concentration sensor.
Furthermore, one end of the third section of pipeline is provided with an injection pipeline which is communicated with a stainless steel elbow connected between the third section of pipeline and the fourth section of pipeline, and the injection pipeline is provided with a discharge valve.
Further, the present application also includes a computer system for collecting analytical data, which is located outside the step-type cryostat chamber.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the whole visual pipeline system is composed of transparent organic glass straight pipes, and CCD cameras are further arranged at corresponding positions of the organic glass straight pipes, so that the pipeline state can be conveniently monitored in real time; the system can monitor and analyze data such as temperature, pressure, flow and acoustic signals when the hydrate is generated in real time through a data acquisition and analysis system consisting of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a differential pressure sensor, a mass flow meter, an acoustic wave instrument and a computer system, can obtain a real-time image of the hydrate generation process through a CCD (charge coupled device) camera and the computer system, can provide comprehensive data and evaluation for the flow safety problem of seabed oil-gas transportation, and has the advantages of reasonable structure, simplicity and convenience in operation, easiness in observation and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the movable base of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are as follows: 1. the device comprises a heat exchanger, 2, a methane concentration sensor, 3, a stepping low-temperature thermostatic chamber, 4, an organic glass straight pipe, 5, a stainless steel bent pipe, 6, a visual window, 7, a gate valve, 8, a ball valve, 9, a connecting flange, 10, a pressure sensor, 11, a temperature sensor, 12, a differential pressure sensor, 13, a mass flowmeter, 14, a CCD camera, 15, a computer system, 16, a single-screw pump, 17, a discharge valve, 18, an injection pipeline, 19, a sound wave instrument, 20, a pneumatic valve, 21, a connecting hose, 22, a chain block, 23, a movable base, 24 and a blind pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying figures 1-2.
A full visual circulating pipeline system for monitoring hydrate blockage comprises a full visual pipeline system, wherein a main body of the full visual pipeline system is formed by connecting a plurality of stainless steel bent pipes 5 and a plurality of organic glass straight pipes 4, the organic glass straight pipes 4 are connected through connecting flanges 9, a visual window 6 is arranged on each stainless steel bent pipe 5, the stainless steel bent pipes 5 and the organic glass straight pipes 4 are pressure-resistant anti-corrosion pipes, the stainless steel bent pipes 5 and the organic glass straight pipes 4 are made of high-light-transmission materials, and the working pressure range is 0.1-5 MPa; the full-visual pipeline system comprises four sections of pipelines formed by connecting a plurality of organic glass straight pipes 4 and is horizontally arranged from top to bottom, wherein the second section of pipeline and the third section of pipeline are heave section pipelines which are respectively connected with connecting hoses 21, the heave section pipelines are erected on a movable base 23, the heave of the heave section pipelines is controlled by a chain block 22 arranged on the movable base 23, and the heave angle of 0-15 degrees can be realized; the blind pipe 24 is connected with a fourth section pipeline through a three-way pipe for observing the state of a flow dead zone, the fourth section pipeline is also connected with a single-screw pump 16 through a flange, the single-screw pump 16 can realize large-flow gas-liquid mixed transportation under certain pressure and cannot break generated hydrate particles, the maximum flow is 25m3H, the gas content is 10-40%; the outlet of the single-screw pump 16 is connected with a mass flowmeter 13, and the single-screw pump 16 and the mass flowmeter 13 form a circulating system; one end of the circulating system is connected with a differential pressure sensor 12, and the other end is connected with pneumaticAnd a valve 20, wherein the differential pressure sensor 12 is connected with the pneumatic valve 20.
Each connecting flange 9 is provided with a sensor interface, and a pressure sensor 10 and a temperature sensor 11 are arranged on the sensor interface; the acoustic wave instrument 19 is connected between the organic glass straight pipes 4 forming the first section of pipeline through flanges and is used for carrying out acoustic wave detection on hydrate blockage; the first section of pipeline is also connected with a gate valve 7 and a ball valve 8.
The full-visual pipeline system is arranged in the stepping low-temperature thermostatic chamber 3, one side of the stepping low-temperature thermostatic chamber 3 is connected with a heat exchanger 1 and a methane concentration sensor 2, and the heat exchanger 1, the methane concentration sensor 2 and the stepping low-temperature thermostatic chamber 3 form a temperature control system; when the full-visual pipeline system needs refrigeration, the heat exchanger 1 is started to refrigerate, the temperature in the stepping low-temperature thermostatic chamber 3 can be fed back in real time through the temperature sensor 11 and adjusted, and meanwhile, the methane concentration sensor 2 can achieve a methane leakage alarm function; the working temperature range provided by the stepping type low-temperature thermostatic chamber 3 is as follows: the temperature control precision is +/-0.5 ℃ at the temperature of-20-40 ℃, and the refrigeration speed of reducing the temperature of the stepping low-temperature thermostatic chamber 3 from normal temperature to-20 ℃ within 1 hour can be realized.
A plurality of CCD cameras 14 for monitoring the pipelines are arranged among the four sections of pipelines, are respectively positioned at the organic glass straight pipes 4 and the visual windows 6, and carry out real-time image acquisition through a computer system 15; the computer system 15 collects data collected by all the sensors in a centralized manner, and integrates and analyzes the collected image information of the CCD camera 14 and the monitored data of each sensor.
One end of the third section of pipeline is provided with an injection pipeline 18 which is communicated with the stainless steel elbow pipe 5 connected between the third section of pipeline and the fourth section of pipeline, and the injection pipeline 18 is provided with a discharge valve 17.
The working process of the invention is as follows: proportionally injecting the amount of gas liquid required by the experiment into a full-visualization pipeline system through an injection pipeline 18, starting a single-screw pump 16 to enable the full-visualization pipeline system to start to operate, starting a temperature control system after the flow is stable, gradually reducing the ambient temperature to the experiment temperature and keeping the temperature constant; with the continuous running of the flowing process, hydrate will be generated in the pipeline and block the pipeline, at this time, data such as temperature, pressure, flow and acoustic signals in the pipeline are recorded in real time through the temperature sensor 11, the pressure sensor 10, the mass flow meter 13 and the acoustic wave instrument 19, real-time acquisition and analysis are carried out through the computer system 15, and a real-time image of the hydrate generating process can be obtained through the CCD camera 14 and the computer system 15.
The beneficial effects produced by the invention can be used for researching:
(1) gas hydrate formation and aggregation characteristics in pipelines
The generation time, the generation rate, the generation position and the generation amount of the hydrate in the pipeline are different due to different conditions such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, gas-liquid ratio, chemical additives and the like in the pipeline. The invention can analyze parameters such as temperature and pressure when the hydrate is generated by controlling the above mentioned experimental conditions and monitoring the parameters in real time through a data acquisition and analysis system composed of the temperature sensor 11, the pressure sensor 10, the differential pressure sensor 12, the mass flowmeter 13, the acoustic wave instrument 19 and the computer system 15, and can obtain a real-time image of the hydrate generation blocking process.
(2) Acoustic signal characteristic analysis of natural gas hydrate blockage in pipeline
Because the acoustic wave instrument 19 is added in the pipeline, the system can predict and judge the position of the hydrate blockage area and the shape of the hydrate blockage by transmitting an acoustic wave signal and analyzing a reflection signal when the hydrate blockage area is met.
(3) Differential pressure model analysis of natural gas hydrate generated in pipeline
When the natural gas hydrate is generated and blocks the pipeline in the flowing process, great pressure difference change can occur in the pipeline, and the pressure difference sensor 12 connected with the circulating system can analyze the blocking degree of the hydrate through pressure difference signals.
(4) Analysis of natural gas hydrate generation blocking characteristics of branch pipeline blind area and flow dead zone
The blind areas and flow dead areas in the actual pipelines are most prone to natural gas hydrate generation and blockage phenomena, and hydrate blockage characteristics in the areas can be effectively observed and analyzed through the blind pipes 24 attached to the fourth section of pipelines.
(5) Analysis of natural gas hydrate generation blocking characteristic under inclined pipeline state
The actual gas transmission pipeline is usually laid on a seabed slope, so that the pipeline and the horizontal plane form a certain angle, and therefore the generation and blocking characteristics of the hydrate of the pipeline under different inclination angles can be researched through the fluctuating section pipeline.
(6) Analysis of hydrate deposition characteristics in pipeline under quick start-stop working condition
By opening or closing a circulating system consisting of the mass flow meter 13, the single-screw pump 16, the pneumatic valve 20 and the differential pressure sensor 12, the start-stop working condition of the actual pipeline can be simulated, and the blockage and deposition characteristics of the natural gas hydrate in the pipeline in the start-stop state can be researched.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A full visual circulating pipeline system for monitoring hydrate blockage is characterized by comprising a full visual pipeline system, a monitoring system and a monitoring system, wherein the full visual pipeline system comprises four sections of pipelines and a plurality of stainless steel bent pipes (5), wherein the pipelines are horizontally arranged from top to bottom; each section of pipeline is formed by connecting a plurality of organic glass straight pipes (4), wherein one end of the first section of pipeline is connected with one end of the fourth section of pipeline through a stainless steel bent pipe (5), one end of the second section of pipeline is connected with one end of the third section of pipeline through the stainless steel bent pipe (5), the other end of the first section of pipeline is connected with the other end of the second section of pipeline through the stainless steel bent pipe (5), and the other end of the fourth section of pipeline is connected with the other end of the third section of pipeline through the stainless steel bent pipe (5); the full-visual pipeline system comprises a plurality of visual windows (6), wherein the visual windows are respectively arranged on a stainless steel bent pipe (5) connecting a first section of pipeline and a fourth section of pipeline, a stainless steel bent pipe (5) connecting the first section of pipeline and a second section of pipeline, and a stainless steel bent pipe (5) connecting the fourth section of pipeline and a third section of pipeline; a connecting hose (21) is respectively connected between organic glass straight pipes (4) forming the second section of pipeline and the third section of pipeline, the second section of pipeline and the third section of pipeline are erected on a movable base (23), and a chain block (22) capable of regulating and controlling the fluctuation angles of the second section of pipeline and the third section of pipeline is arranged on the movable base (23); a blind pipe (24) is connected to the fourth section of pipeline; the full-visual pipeline system is arranged in the stepping low-temperature thermostatic chamber (3);
organic glass straight pipes (4) forming a first section of pipeline, a second section of pipeline, a third section of pipeline and a fourth section of pipeline are all connected through connecting flanges (9), each connecting flange (9) is provided with a sensor interface, and a pressure sensor (10) and a temperature sensor (11) are mounted on the sensor interface; a plurality of CCD cameras (14) for monitoring the pipelines are arranged among the four sections of pipelines and are respectively positioned at the organic glass straight pipes (4) and the visual windows (6);
the fourth section of pipeline is connected with a single-screw pump (16) through a flange, the outlet of the single-screw pump (16) is connected with a mass flowmeter (13), and the single-screw pump (16) and the mass flowmeter (13) form a circulating system; one end of the circulating system is connected with a differential pressure sensor (12), the other end of the circulating system is connected with a pneumatic valve (20), and the differential pressure sensor (12) is connected with the pneumatic valve (20);
a gate valve (7) and a ball valve (8) are connected between organic glass straight pipes (4) forming the first section of pipeline, and a sound wave instrument (19) is connected to the position adjacent to the gate valve (7) through a flange;
one side of the stepping low-temperature thermostatic chamber (3) is connected with a heat exchanger (1) and a methane concentration sensor (2);
one end of the third section of pipeline is provided with an injection pipeline (18) which is communicated with a stainless steel elbow (5) connected between the third section of pipeline and the fourth section of pipeline, and the injection pipeline (18) is provided with a discharge valve (17);
the full visualization circulation pipeline system also comprises a computer system (15) used for collecting analysis data, and the computer system is positioned outside the stepping type low-temperature thermostatic chamber (3).
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| GB2371858B (en) * | 2001-02-05 | 2004-10-13 | Abb Offshore Systems Ltd | Monitoring particles in a fluid flow |
| JP2006329383A (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2006-12-07 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | System and method for diagnosing pipe conduit |
| CN101376853B (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2013-06-05 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and apparatus for simulating gas hydrate accumulation process under one-dimensional condition |
| CN101376854B (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2013-06-05 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and apparatus for simulating gas hydrate accumulation process under three-dimensional condition |
| CN102141560B (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Visual gas hydrate experimental device |
| CN104237454B (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2016-09-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The simulation of natural gas line hydrate generates method of testing and device |
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