CN109209484B - Auxiliary working face withdrawing method for withdrawing channel combined with paste prefabricated block - Google Patents
Auxiliary working face withdrawing method for withdrawing channel combined with paste prefabricated block Download PDFInfo
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- CN109209484B CN109209484B CN201811240599.0A CN201811240599A CN109209484B CN 109209484 B CN109209484 B CN 109209484B CN 201811240599 A CN201811240599 A CN 201811240599A CN 109209484 B CN109209484 B CN 109209484B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of mining safety, and particularly relates to a method for withdrawing a working surface by combining a withdrawal channel with a paste prefabricated block. Comprises the following steps. S100, drawing the influence range of the advanced bearing pressure, and then, excavating a single-retraction channel on one side of a mining stop line close to a working face, and excavating a multi-link roadway and supporting surrounding rocks. S200, preparing a filling paste body and preparing a filled prefabricated block. S300, completing preparation work of the paste prefabricated structure. S400, finishing the supporting structure of the paste filling precast block. S500, when the working face final mining stage is maintained in the withdrawing channel, hanging net supporting is carried out, and maintenance of a top plate and a coal side in the final mining stage is carried out. S600, conveying the prefabricated blocks to the rear of the working face support by using a rubber belt conveyor, stacking the prefabricated blocks after moving the support, filling paste to form a paste prefabricated block filling structure, and S700, repeating the steps S500 and S600 to finish the withdrawing of the fully mechanized mining equipment. The safe, non-dynamic pressure and quick withdrawal of the fully mechanized mining equipment are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mining safety, and particularly relates to a method for withdrawing a working surface by combining a withdrawal channel with a paste prefabricated block.
Background
In the production process of a mine, the succession of a working face is a link which must be experienced, the moving and face reversing of the fully mechanized mining face is an important link for realizing high yield and high efficiency of the mine, and the speed of withdrawing the fully mechanized mining face equipment influences the production efficiency of the mine to a certain extent. Along with the large scale of the mine, the quantity of the fully mechanized coal mining face equipment is increased, the withdrawal frequency of the face equipment is continuously improved due to the improvement of the production efficiency, and the safe and quick withdrawal of the fully mechanized coal mining face has important significance for improving the coal yield and the economic benefit of the mine. After the fully mechanized mining face enters the final mining stage, the phenomena of roof breakage and side wall caving are serious and the surrounding rock pressure and deformation can be increased rapidly under the influence of the advanced supporting pressure generated by mining. The existing withdrawing method is characterized in that a pre-digging withdrawing channel, a pre-digging single withdrawing channel and a pre-digging double withdrawing channel are not used, the working face withdrawing in the final mining stage is assisted, the time consumed by moving the pre-digging withdrawing channel is longer, the pre-digging double withdrawing channel is basically not used at present, the working face withdrawing in the final mining stage is increased due to the double withdrawing channel, the mining work amount is larger, the dynamic pressure in the final mining stage is strong, particularly the top and bottom plate withdrawing amount of the final ten-meter working face is larger, the bottom drum is strong, the dynamic pressure in the final mining stage is strong, the pre-digging single withdrawing channel and the final mining stage are also strong, the withdrawing can be carried out from two sides to the middle, the pressure frame accident is easy to occur, and the propelling of the working face is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for assisting in withdrawing a working surface by combining a withdrawing channel with a paste prefabricated block.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for withdrawing a working surface by combining a withdrawing channel with a paste prefabricated block comprises the following steps.
S100, before the mining of a working face starts, numerical simulation is carried out, the whole process of coal mining is simulated, the range influenced by the advanced bearing pressure is drawn, then, a single withdrawal channel is constructed and excavated on one side, close to the working face, of a stoping line, multiple roadways are excavated at the same time, the excavation is stopped until the boundary of the range influenced by the bearing pressure, and the withdrawal channel and the multiple roadways form a withdrawal structure and support surrounding rocks.
S200, combining the waste coal gangue material with the fly ash and the cement to prepare a filling paste, and preparing a filling precast block from the coal gangue, the fly ash, the cement and water.
S300, conveying the precast block from the ground to the underground, conveying the precast block to a working surface through a section conveying roadway, performing step-type stacking of a side slope and staggered stacking of the precast block structure, and meanwhile, laying a filling pipeline in the conveying roadway to complete preparation work of the paste precast structure.
S400, paving the prefabricated blocks in the goaf behind the movable frame, filling paste in the middle of the two prefabricated block structures, forming an integral paste prefabricated block structure with the prefabricated blocks on two sides, ensuring that the paste prefabricated block structure is abutted, paving a trapezoidal slope at the initial paving position of the prefabricated blocks to ensure the stability of the structure of the filling body prefabricated blocks, and subsequently paving the paste filling and the prefabricated block stacking in a staggered mode to complete the paste filling prefabricated block supporting structure.
S500, when the withdrawal channel maintenance is carried out in the last mining stage of the working face, a net hanging support is carried out, the position where the net hanging support is started is the position of the slope top of the trapezoid side slope beside the filling precast block structure, after the net hanging, a tray is used for tightly supporting a steel wire rope to carry out anchor rod, anchor cable and coal side anchor rod construction, and the top plate and the coal side maintenance in the last mining stage is carried out.
S600, in the process of coal cutting, frame moving and conveyor pushing in one coal mining cycle, the prefabricated blocks are conveyed to the rear of a working face support through a rubber belt conveyor, the prefabricated blocks are piled up after the frames are moved, then paste filling is carried out, a paste prefabricated block filling structure is formed, a top plate is supported, then the conveyor is pushed, and the next coal mining cycle starts.
S700, repeating the steps S500 and S600, and repeating the steps until the working surface is communicated with the withdrawing channel to complete the withdrawing of the fully mechanized mining equipment.
In the step S200, the paste is filled and transported on a well, and is stirred underground, wherein the mass mixture ratio of the paste is coal gangue: fly ash: cement: water =7.5:3.5:1:2.8, and the filling precast block is prepared from coal gangue, fly ash, cement and water in a mass mixing ratio: 2.72: 1.11: 1: 0.3, and die assembling to prepare blocks, wherein the filling paste is subjected to a paste filling material proportioning test, a paste filling material stirring test and a body filling material pipeline conveying test to ensure that the filling paste does not block a pipe during pumping, the precast block is required to be maintained at constant temperature and humidity for about 20 days in advance to test the uniaxial compressive strength of the precast block, and the strength of the final paste precast block is ensured to be greater than that of the coal body mined on a working face.
In the step S400, when the depth of the trapezoidal slope is 3 to 12m, H: b =1:1.25, the ratio of the height H of the slope to the bottom B is called the slope, and the depth is the vertical distance from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope.
The step S500 of net hanging adopts the following method: hanging a net at the position of the roof, laying a single-layer metal top net parallel to the trend of the working surface at the upper end of the top beam of the support, wherein the net is a diamond-shaped metal net woven by galvanized lead wires, and laying a single-layer net on the front beam of the support in advance before a first circulating pull frame so as to hang the single-layer top net in the first circulation of a channel; and the second circulation starts, the net is laid as a single-layer net, the networking joints are staggered, and the second layer of net is always hung on one half of the first layer of net to form the metal net false roof.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a novel withdrawing method, namely a method for combining a multi-lane single pre-digging withdrawing channel with a paste prefabricated block to fill and withdraw the fully mechanized mining face equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a working surface arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inventive face layout;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the final fill effect of the face layout of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the final fill effect of the face layout of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-multiple roadway tunneling stop line, 2-side slope, 3-precast block, 4-hydraulic support, 5-single withdrawal channel, 6-working face coal body, 7-filling paste body, 8-goaf, 9-stoping line coal body, 10-stoping line, 11-multiple roadway, 12-anchor rod and anchor cable.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but is not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a method for withdrawing a working surface by combining a withdrawing channel with a paste prefabricated block, which comprises the following steps of:
s100, before the mining of a working face starts, numerical simulation is carried out, the whole process of coal mining is simulated, the range influenced by the advance supporting pressure is drawn, next, a mining stopping line 10 in the figure 1 is arranged at one side close to the working face, construction is carried out to enter and exit one single withdrawal channel 5, meanwhile, multi-link roadways are tunneled, the tunneling is stopped until the boundary of the range influenced by the supporting pressure, a withdrawal structure is formed by the withdrawal channel and the multi-link roadways 11 in the figure 4, surrounding rock supporting is carried out, and the construction of the multi-link roadway single withdrawal channel is finished.
The stirring test of the paste filling material and the pipeline conveying test of the paste filling material ensure that the pumping is not blocked, the constant-temperature and constant-humidity maintenance of the precast block needs to be carried out for about 20 days in advance, the uniaxial compressive strength of the precast block is tested, and the strength of the final paste precast block is ensured to be greater than that of the coal mined on the working face. S200, firstly filling paste well materials, and stirring the paste well materials underground, wherein the paste well materials comprise the following coal gangue in mass proportion: fly ash: cement: water =7.5:3.5:1:2.8, and the filling precast block is prepared from coal gangue, fly ash, cement and water in a mass mixing ratio: 2.72: 1.11: 1: 0.3, and molding to obtain block, wherein the filling paste is subjected to paste filling material ratio test,
S300, a mine car is put down from a sublevel to a shaft bottom yard, then the mine car is conveyed to a section return air gallery through a main transportation stone gate, the mine car is conveyed to a coal face by a rubber belt conveyor, meanwhile, filling pipelines are paved, finally, building of precast blocks is carried out through improved shield beams, and a building body and the filling body are paved in a staggered mode to form a structure for maintaining stable roof.
S400-trapezoid laying of the paste prefabricated blocks is carried out before net hanging support in the final mining influence stage, and the middle of the prefabricated blocks are bonded by concrete to form a side slope 2 in the graph 2.
The distance of the slope bottom is calculated according to the roadbed side slope, when the depth is 3-12m, H: B =1:1.25 (the ratio of the height H of the side slope to the bottom B is called the slope), the depth is the vertical distance from the slope top to the slope bottom, and the distance is stepped according to the construction requirement so as to form a stable foundation.
S500, when the withdrawal channel maintenance is carried out in the last mining stage of the working face, a net hanging support is carried out, the position where the net hanging support is started is the position of the slope top of the trapezoid side slope beside the filling precast block structure, after the net hanging, a tray is used for tightly supporting a steel wire rope to carry out anchor rod, anchor cable and coal side anchor rod construction, and the top plate and the coal side maintenance in the last mining stage is carried out.
And (3) hanging a net at the position of the top connection, laying a single-layer metal top net parallel to the trend of the working surface at the upper end of the top beam of the support, wherein the net is a diamond metal net woven by galvanized lead wires. Before the first circulating pull frame, a single-layer net is laid on a front beam of the support in advance so as to facilitate the first circulating of the channel to hang a single-layer top net; and the second circulation starts, the net is laid as a single-layer net, the networking joints are staggered, and the second layer of net is always hung on one half of the first layer of net to form the metal net false roof.
Roof bolt diameter: phi =20 mm. Roof bolt length: l =2200 mm. Anchor rod angle: the anchor rods close to the coal wall need to incline 20 degrees to the coal wall, and the rest are vertical to the top plate. A top plate anchor cable supporting plate: the multifunctional steel plate supporting plate is a dome-shaped multifunctional steel plate supporting plate, the length is multiplied by the width, the thickness is =300mm, the multiplied by 300mm and the multiplied by 16mm, and the hole diameter is 40 mm. Arranging roof bolts: the anchor bar row spacing is 600 mm. Anchor rod spacing: the row of anchor cables is 1500 mm; the anchor cable of this row is 3000 mm. Arranging anchor cables: the row spacing of the anchor cables is 1200mm, and the spacing of the anchor cables is 3000 mm.
Diameter of the anchor rod: phi =20 mm. Anchor rod length: l =2200mm and the drilling depth is 2100 mm. Anchor agent of anchor rod: for each well, 1 roll of anchoring agent of S2360 type and Z2360 type resins was used. Anchor pole layer board: the specification is 150mm multiplied by 10mm, and the aperture is 34 mm. Anchor rod angle: the horizontal direction is perpendicular to the coal wall of the channel. The angle of the roof anchor rod close to the top plate is 20 degrees with the horizontal line. Arranging an anchor rod: the distance between the first angular anchor rod and the top plate is 300mm, the error range is plus or minus 50mm, and 3 anchor rods are arranged in each row. The anchor bar row spacing is 1500mm, and the anchor bar spacing is 900 mm.
S600, in the process of coal cutting, frame moving and conveyor pushing in one coal mining cycle, the prefabricated blocks are conveyed to the rear of a working face support by a rubber belt conveyor, after the frame moving, net hanging, anchor rod supporting, prefabricated block stacking and paste filling are carried out, the prefabricated blocks and the paste filling are paved in a staggered mode to form a filling structure, a top plate is supported, the surrounding rock structure is maintained to be stable, then the conveyor pushing is carried out, and the next coal mining cycle begins.
S700, repeating the steps S500 and S600, supporting and filling while reciprocating until the working face is communicated with the retraction channel, and realizing multipoint rapid retraction of the equipment through a multi-connection roadway and a single retraction channel.
Claims (4)
1. A method for withdrawing a working surface by combining a withdrawing channel with a paste prefabricated block is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s100, before the mining of a working face starts, numerical simulation is carried out, the whole process of coal mining is simulated, the range influenced by the advanced bearing pressure is drawn, then, on one side, close to the working face, of a stoping line, a single withdrawal channel is constructed and excavated, multiple roadways are excavated at the same time, the excavation is stopped until the boundary of the range influenced by the bearing pressure, and the withdrawal channel and the multiple roadways form a withdrawal structure and support surrounding rocks;
s200, combining waste coal gangue material with fly ash and cement to prepare filling paste, and preparing a filling precast block from the coal gangue, the fly ash, the cement and water;
s300, conveying the precast block from the ground to the underground, conveying the precast block to a working surface through a section conveying roadway, performing step-type stacking of a side slope and staggered stacking of a precast block structure, and meanwhile, laying a filling pipeline in the conveying roadway to complete preparation work of the paste precast structure;
s400, paving prefabricated blocks in a goaf behind a moving frame, filling paste in the middle of two parts of prefabricated block structures, forming an integral paste prefabricated block structure with the prefabricated blocks on two sides, ensuring that the paste prefabricated block structure is abutted, paving a trapezoidal side slope at the initial paving position of the prefabricated blocks to ensure the stability of the structure of the filling body prefabricated blocks, and subsequently paving paste filling and prefabricated block stacking in a staggered mode to complete a paste filling prefabricated block supporting structure;
s500, when the withdrawal channel maintenance is carried out at the last mining stage of the working face, a net hanging support is carried out, the position where the net hanging support is started is the position of the slope top of the trapezoid side slope beside the filling precast block structure, after the net hanging, a tray is used for tightly supporting a steel wire rope to carry out anchor rod, anchor cable and coal side anchor rod construction, and the top plate and the coal side maintenance is carried out at the last mining stage;
s600, in the process of coal cutting, frame moving and conveyor pushing in a coal mining cycle, the prefabricated blocks are conveyed to the rear of a working face support by a rubber belt conveyor, the prefabricated blocks are piled up after the frame moving, paste filling is carried out to form a paste prefabricated block filling structure, a top plate is supported, then the conveyor pushing is carried out, the next coal mining cycle is started,
s700, repeating the steps S500 and S600, and repeating the steps until the working surface is communicated with the withdrawing channel to complete the withdrawing of the fully mechanized mining equipment.
2. The method for withdrawing a working surface by combining a withdrawing channel with a paste precast block as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S200, the paste is filled and transported on a well, and is stirred underground, wherein the mass mixture ratio of the paste is coal gangue: fly ash: cement: water =7.5:3.5:1:2.8, and the filling precast block is prepared from coal gangue, fly ash, cement and water in a mass mixing ratio: 2.72: 1.11: 1: 0.3, and die assembling to prepare blocks, wherein the filling paste is subjected to a paste filling material proportioning test, a paste filling material stirring test and a body filling material pipeline conveying test to ensure that the filling paste does not block a pipe during pumping, the precast block is required to be maintained at constant temperature and humidity for about 20 days in advance to test the uniaxial compressive strength of the precast block, and the strength of the final paste precast block is ensured to be greater than that of the coal body mined on a working face.
3. The method for withdrawing a working surface by combining a withdrawing channel with a paste precast block as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step S400, when the depth of the trapezoidal slope is 3 to 12m, H: b =1:1.25, the ratio of the height H of the slope to the bottom B is called the slope, and the depth is the vertical distance from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope.
4. The method for withdrawing a working surface by combining a withdrawing channel with a paste precast block as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the step S500 of net hanging adopts the following method: hanging a net at the position of the roof, laying a single-layer metal top net parallel to the trend of the working surface at the upper end of the top beam of the support, wherein the net is a diamond-shaped metal net woven by galvanized lead wires, and laying a single-layer net on the front beam of the support in advance before a first circulating pull frame so as to hang the single-layer top net in the first circulation of a channel; and the second circulation starts, the net is laid as a single-layer net, the networking joints are staggered, and the second layer of net is always hung on one half of the first layer of net to form the metal net false roof.
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| CN114575848B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-03-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for controlling surface damage under high-strength mining of shallow coal seam |
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| CN105370279B (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-12-26 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of high initial strength filling coal mining method |
| CN106930763B (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-11-13 | 太原理工大学 | A method of the filling residual mining area roadway support coal column of second mining super high seam |
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| CN106968671B (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2019-10-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | The filling of underground coal mine coal working face return channel withdraws method |
| CN107939440B (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2019-08-20 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Fully-mechanized mining working equipment withdraws method |
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