CN109207794A - A kind of high-lead bronze alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high-lead bronze alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109207794A CN109207794A CN201811220314.7A CN201811220314A CN109207794A CN 109207794 A CN109207794 A CN 109207794A CN 201811220314 A CN201811220314 A CN 201811220314A CN 109207794 A CN109207794 A CN 109207794A
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- casting
- alloy material
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- lead bronze
- bronze alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/08—Alloys based on copper with lead as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
Abstract
The present invention relates to high-lead bronze technical field of alloy, and in particular to a kind of high-lead bronze alloy material and preparation method thereof；High-lead bronze alloy material is grouped as by the group of following weight percentage: the content of Sn:8-11%, Pb:22-28%, S are the 3.5-6.5% of Pb weight content, Ni:0.8-1.5%, rare earth: 0.2-0.5%, phosphor-copper: 0.07-0.09%, surplus Cu；Specific preparation step includes: that raw material weigh, alloy melting, deoxidation treatment, mold preheat, casting pouring, is equipped with water-cooling apparatus in mold periphery, and the liquid to circulate obtains high-lead bronze alloy material as cooling way；The present invention has rational technology, production cost low, and alloy material is had excellent performance, and is reduced the segregation situation of lead, is had broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-lead bronze technical field of alloy, and in particular to a kind of high-lead bronze alloy material and its preparation side
Method.
Background technique
High-lead bronze alloy has excellent dry friction performance, high-termal conductivity, fatigue resistance and anti-seizing property, at present quilt
It is widely used in the engine bearing used under the conditions of high-speed overload lotus and bearing shell；Lead in copper does not dissolve in copper, and lead is with independence
Mutually it is present in Copper substrate, therefore, is easy to produce regional segregation；Simultaneously because specific gravity of the specific gravity (11.34) of lead than copper
(8.93) much larger, so be easy to that gravity segregation occurs again, this brings very big difficulty to the casting of high-lead bronze.
High lead tin bronze alloy generates segregation in casting process in order to prevent, and traditional moulding process generally uses commonly
Sand mold, permanent mold casting；But the high lead tin bronze alloy of ordinary sand casting, gravity die casting process production is easily dredged
The defects of pine, crackle, microstructure is not fine and close enough；It is relatively thick particularly with wall thickness, the relatively large casting of product, common gold
Genotype is for preventing the effect of segregation will be limited, in order to accelerate to cool down, reduces segregation, cannot be completely dependent on metal die
Heat absorption capacity.On the other hand, common sand casting is used in the prior art, and since cooling velocity is slow, setting time is long, makes
The high-lead bronze copper sheathing segregation that must be produced is serious.In contrast, using the equipment letter of centrifugal casting technique production cylinder class bearing shell
Single, raw materials consumption is few, high production efficiency, and obtained Technique of Casting Microstructure is also finer and close, and lead mass fraction is lower common
The research that tin bronze reduces lead segregation is more perfect, but the reduction that the high lead tin bronze centrifugal casting lead higher than 20% is segregated has
To in further research.Moreover, high-lead bronze copper sheathing is produced using centrifugally cast method, in the effect of centrifuge centrifugal force
Under, since lead and copper specific gravity differ greatly, increase gravity segregation.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of currently available technology, present invention seek to address that one of above problem；
In order to achieve the goal above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of high-lead bronze alloy material, by following
The group of weight percentage is grouped as: the content of Sn:8-11%, Pb:22-28%, S are the 3.5-6.5% of Pb weight content,
Ni:0.8-1.5%, rare earth: 0.2-0.5%, phosphor-copper: 0.07-0.09%, surplus Cu.
A kind of preparation method of high-lead bronze alloy material, comprising the following steps:
Step (1) weighs raw material according to the composition of high-lead bronze alloy, the raw material be electrolytic copper plate, pure tin ingot,
Pure nickel plate, pure lead pig, sulphur, rare earth and phosphor-copper；
Step (2) puts sulphur and lead be heated to 350~450 DEG C in a furnace first, is configured to S-Pb intermediate alloy；So
Obtained S-Pb intermediate alloy and electrolytic copper plate are placed again into smelting furnace afterwards, the heating fusing electrolytic copper plate under micro-oxidizing atmosphere,
Temperature is 1150~1250 DEG C, duration 30min；Copper sheet to be electrolysed is warming up to 1500 DEG C~1550 DEG C and adds after being completely melt
Enter pure nickel plate and rare earth, continuation melts pure nickel plate under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, 10~15min of duration；It is melted to pure nickel plate
Afterwards, temperature is down to 1150~1250 DEG C, add pure tin ingot carry out micro-oxidizing atmosphere under melting, 1~3min of duration, then
Phosphor-copper deoxidier is added and carries out deoxidation, and by injection nitrogen, carries out uniform stirring, it is spare to obtain alloy liquid；
Step (3), mold preheating: casting external mold and metallic core casting internal model are preheated, external mold to be cast and casting
After making internal model preheating, the fixed casting external mold of closure and casting internal model are located to the cooling dress of water that cooling water is not yet perfused after equipped
That sets is interior intracavitary；
Step (4), casting pouring；Casting mould is fixed on centrifugal casting machine, water-cooling apparatus is opened simultaneously, is formed
Water circulation；Then the alloy liquid obtained through step (2) is slowly poured into casting external mold and casting after step (3) preheating
The type that mould is constituted is intracavitary, to casting pouring after, be cooled to room temperature to obtain high-lead bronze alloy material.
Preferably, the control of preheating temperature described in step (3) is within the scope of 200~300 DEG C.
Preferably, the operation of water-cooling apparatus described in step (4) is the water inlet for opening water-cooling apparatus bottom, so that
Cooling water slowly rises to the top of supply line for being equivalent to casting body cavity of mold from cast base.
Preferably, the top phase of the water surface elevation of the water-cooling apparatus of mold described in step (4) and casting body cavity
Maintain an equal level.
Preferably, pouring temperature described in step (4) is 980~1020 DEG C.
Preferably, casting machine revolving speed described in step (4) is 450~550r/min.
Preferably, the duration of pouring of alloy liquid per ton is 10~20s in step (4) described casting process.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) it since the density of lead is big, cannot be added with pure metal, the present invention is added in the form of intermediate alloy, is configured to S-
Pb intermediate alloy, and the quality of S-Pb intermediate alloy quality, directly influence the segregation situation of lead, the present invention passes through many experiments
It is obtained using content, obtained S-Pb intermediate alloy is high-quality, greatly reduces the segregation situation of lead.
(2) present invention is added Ni and prevents from being segregated, and Ni and Cu are infinitely dissolved under liquid and solid-state, forms continuous solid solution
Body forms stable and compound at high temperature；In copper alloy process of setting, which becomes crystallization nuclei, prevents lead
Aggregation, is conducive to uniformly be organized, suitable Ni is added in copper alloy can be reduced preceding segregation, and will not drop low-alloyed
Impact toughness and wearability.
(3) suitable rare earth, which is added, in the present invention can improve the mechanical property of copper alloy, reduce crackle, the metallographic of refining alloy
Tissue, it is smaller to the income tissue effect of copper alloy, lead can be made uniformly with tiny spot distribution on Copper substrate.
(4) high-lead bronze alloy material of the invention is had excellent performance, alloy rigidity >=70HB, and yield strength >=
170MPa, tensile strength >=170MPa, elongation percentage >=8%.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention will be described below.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment high-lead bronze alloy, is grouped as: Sn:8%, Pb:22%, S's by the group of following weight percentage
3.5%, Ni:0.8% of the content for Pb weight content, rare earth: 0.2%, phosphor-copper: 0.07%, surplus Cu.
Prepare raw material: taking the 1# tin slab, purity that 1# electrolytic copper plate, purity that purity is 99.95% are 99.90% to be
99.99% 1# nickel plate, the 1# lead pig that purity is 99.994%, clipped later, drying and surface degreasing processing, for use；
The preparation method of the high-lead bronze alloy material of the present embodiment, specific steps are as follows:
Step (1) weighs raw material according to the composition of high-lead bronze alloy material, and the raw material are electrolytic copper plate, pure
Tin slab, pure nickel plate, pure lead pig, sulphur, rare earth and phosphor-copper；
Step (2) puts sulphur and lead be heated to 350 DEG C in a furnace first, is configured to S-Pb intermediate alloy；Then it incites somebody to action
To S-Pb intermediate alloy and electrolytic copper plate be placed again into smelting furnace, the heating fusing electrolytic copper plate under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, temperature is
1150 DEG C, duration 30min；Copper sheet to be electrolysed is warming up to 1500 DEG C and pure nickel plate and rare earth is added after being completely melt, continue
Melt pure nickel plate under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, duration 10min；After the fusing of pure nickel plate, temperature is down to 1150 DEG C, adds
Pure tin ingot carries out melting under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, and duration 1min is then added phosphor-copper and carries out deoxidation, and passes through injection nitrogen,
Uniform stirring is carried out, it is spare to obtain alloy liquid；
Step (3), mold preheating: casting external mold and metallic core casting internal model are preheated, and temperature is 200 DEG C, to
After casting external mold and casting internal model preheat, the casting external mold and casting internal model that will be closed fixation are located at after being equipped with and cooling are not yet perfused
The water-cooling apparatus of water it is interior intracavitary；
Step (4), casting pouring；Casting mould is fixed on centrifugal casting machine, water-cooling apparatus is opened simultaneously, so that
Cooling water slowly rises to the top of supply line for being equivalent to casting body cavity of mold, the water-cooling apparatus of mold from cast base
Water surface elevation and casting body cavity at the top of be at the same level, formed water circulation；Then the alloy liquid that will be obtained through step (2)
The casting external mold slowly poured into after step (3) preheating and the type that casting internal model is constituted are intracavitary, and the temperature of casting is 980 DEG C,
The revolving speed of centrifugal casting machine is 450r/min, and the duration of pouring of alloy liquid per ton is 10s, cooling after casting pouring
High-lead bronze alloy material is obtained to room temperature.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment high-lead bronze alloy material, is grouped as by the group of following weight percentage: Sn:9%, Pb:25%,
5%, Ni:1.2% of the content of S for Pb weight content, rare earth: 0.4%, phosphor-copper: 0.08%, surplus Cu.
Prepare raw material: taking the 1# tin slab, purity that 1# electrolytic copper plate, purity that purity is 99.95% are 99.90% to be
99.99% 1# nickel plate, the 1# lead pig that purity is 99.994%, clipped later, drying and surface degreasing processing, for use；
The preparation method of the high-lead bronze alloy material of the present embodiment, specific steps are as follows:
Step (1) weighs raw material according to the composition of high-lead bronze alloy material, and the raw material are electrolytic copper plate, pure
Tin slab, pure nickel plate, pure lead pig, sulphur, rare earth and phosphor-copper；
Step (2) puts sulphur and lead be heated to 400 DEG C in a furnace first, is configured to S-Pb intermediate alloy；Then it incites somebody to action
To S-Pb intermediate alloy and electrolytic copper plate be placed again into smelting furnace, the heating fusing electrolytic copper plate under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, temperature is
1200 DEG C, duration 30min；Copper sheet to be electrolysed is warming up to 1520 DEG C and pure nickel plate and rare earth is added after being completely melt, continue
Melt pure nickel plate under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, duration 12min；After the fusing of pure nickel plate, temperature is down to 1200 DEG C, adds
Pure tin ingot carries out melting under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, and duration 2min is then added phosphor-copper and carries out deoxidation, and passes through injection nitrogen,
Uniform stirring is carried out, it is spare to obtain alloy liquid；
Step (3), mold preheating: casting external mold and metallic core casting internal model are preheated, and temperature is 250 DEG C, to
After casting external mold and casting internal model preheat, the casting external mold and casting internal model that will be closed fixation are located at after being equipped with and cooling are not yet perfused
The water-cooling apparatus of water it is interior intracavitary；
Step (4), casting pouring；Casting mould is fixed on centrifugal casting machine, water-cooling apparatus is opened simultaneously, so that
Cooling water slowly rises to the top of supply line for being equivalent to casting body cavity of mold, the water-cooling apparatus of mold from cast base
Water surface elevation and casting body cavity at the top of be at the same level, formed water circulation；Then the alloy liquid that will be obtained through step (2)
The casting external mold slowly poured into after step (3) preheating and the type that casting internal model is constituted are intracavitary, and the temperature of casting is 1000 DEG C,
The revolving speed of centrifugal casting machine is 500r/min, and the duration of pouring of alloy liquid per ton is 15s, cooling after casting pouring
High-lead bronze alloy material is obtained to room temperature.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment high-lead bronze alloy material, is grouped as by the group of following weight percentage: Sn:11%, Pb:
6.5%, Ni:1.5% of the content of 28%, S for Pb weight content, rare earth: 0.5%, phosphor-copper: 0.09%, surplus Cu.
Prepare raw material: taking the 1# tin slab, purity that 1# electrolytic copper plate, purity that purity is 99.95% are 99.90% to be
99.99% 1# nickel plate, the 1# lead pig that purity is 99.994%, clipped later, drying and surface degreasing processing, for use；
The preparation method of the high-lead bronze alloy material of the present embodiment, specific steps are as follows:
Step (1) weighs raw material according to the composition of high-lead bronze alloy material, and the raw material are electrolytic copper plate, pure
Tin slab, pure nickel plate, pure lead pig, sulphur, rare earth and phosphor-copper；
Step (2) puts sulphur and lead be heated to 450 DEG C in a furnace first, is configured to S-Pb intermediate alloy；Then it incites somebody to action
To S-Pb intermediate alloy and electrolytic copper plate be placed again into smelting furnace, the heating fusing electrolytic copper plate under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, temperature is
1250 DEG C, duration 30min；Copper sheet to be electrolysed is warming up to 1550 DEG C and pure nickel plate and rare earth is added after being completely melt, continue
Melt pure nickel plate under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, duration 15min；After the fusing of pure nickel plate, temperature is down to 1250 DEG C, adds
Pure tin ingot carries out melting under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, and duration 3min is then added phosphor-copper and carries out deoxidation, and passes through injection nitrogen,
Uniform stirring is carried out, it is spare to obtain alloy liquid；
Step (3), mold preheating: casting external mold and metallic core casting internal model are preheated, and temperature is 300 DEG C, to
After casting external mold and casting internal model preheat, the casting external mold and casting internal model that will be closed fixation are located at after being equipped with and cooling are not yet perfused
The water-cooling apparatus of water it is interior intracavitary；
Step (4), casting pouring；Casting mould is fixed on centrifugal casting machine, water-cooling apparatus is opened simultaneously, so that
Cooling water slowly rises to the top of supply line for being equivalent to casting body cavity of mold, the water-cooling apparatus of mold from cast base
Water surface elevation and casting body cavity at the top of be at the same level, formed water circulation；Then the alloy liquid that will be obtained through step (2)
The casting external mold slowly poured into after step (3) preheating and the type that casting internal model is constituted are intracavitary, and the temperature of casting is 1020 DEG C,
The revolving speed of centrifugal casting machine is 550r/min, and the duration of pouring of alloy liquid per ton is 20s, cooling after casting pouring
High-lead bronze alloy material is obtained to room temperature.
Table 1: the performance indicator of the high-lead bronze alloy material of production synthesis of the embodiment of the present invention
By table 1 it is found that high-lead bronze alloy material indices prepared by the present invention comply with standard, and the present invention
Design is rationally simple, and low in cost, practical, safety and environmental protection has a extensive future.
Illustrate: above embodiments are only to illustrate the present invention and not limit the technical scheme described by the invention；Therefore,
Although this specification is referring to above-mentioned each embodiment, the present invention has been described in detail, the common skill of this field
Art personnel should be appreciated that and still can modify to the present invention or equivalent replacement；And all do not depart from spirit of the invention and
The technical solution and its improvement of range, should all cover in scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high-lead bronze alloy material, which is characterized in that be grouped as by the group of following weight percentage: Sn:8-11%,
The content of Pb: 22-28%, S are the 3.5-6.5% of Pb weight content, Ni:0.8-1.5%, rare earth: 0.2-0.5%, phosphor-copper: 0.07-
0.09%, surplus Cu.
2. a kind of preparation method of high-lead bronze alloy material described in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
Step (1) weighs raw material according to the composition of high-lead bronze alloy material, the raw material be electrolytic copper plate, pure tin ingot,
Pure nickel plate, pure lead pig, sulphur, rare earth and phosphor-copper；
Step (2) puts sulphur and lead be heated to 350 ~ 450 DEG C in a furnace first, is configured to S-Pb intermediate alloy；Then it incites somebody to action
To S-Pb intermediate alloy and electrolytic copper plate be placed again into smelting furnace, the heating fusing electrolytic copper plate under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, temperature is
1150~1250 DEG C, 30 min of duration；Copper sheet to be electrolysed is warming up to 1500 DEG C~1550 DEG C and is added pure after being completely melt
Nickel plate and rare earth, continuation melt pure nickel plate under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, 10~15min of duration；After the fusing of pure nickel plate, temperature
Degree is down to 1150~1250 DEG C, adds the melting under micro-oxidizing atmosphere of pure tin ingot, phosphorus is then added in 1~3min of duration
Copper carries out deoxidation, and by injection nitrogen, carries out uniform stirring, it is spare to obtain alloy liquid；
Step (3), mold preheating: casting external mold and metallic core casting internal model are preheated, in external mold to be cast and casting
After mould preheating, the fixed casting external mold of closure and casting internal model are located to the water-cooling apparatus that cooling water is not yet perfused after equipped
It is interior intracavitary；
Step (4), casting pouring；Casting mould is fixed on centrifugal casting machine, water-cooling apparatus is opened, forms water circulation；
Then the alloy liquid obtained through step (2) is slowly poured into the casting external mold after step (3) preheating and casting internal model institute structure
At type it is intracavitary, to casting pouring after, be cooled to room temperature to obtain high-lead bronze alloy material.
3. the preparation method of high-lead bronze alloy material according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step (3) is described pre-
Hot temperature is 200~300 DEG C.
4. the preparation method of high-lead bronze alloy material according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step (4) described casting
It is at the same level at the top of the water surface elevation of the water-cooling apparatus of mould and casting body cavity.
5. the preparation method of high-lead bronze alloy material according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step (4) is described to be poured
The temperature of note is 980 ~ 1020 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of high-lead bronze alloy material according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step (4) it is described from
The revolving speed of heart casting machine is 450 ~ 550r/min.
7. the preparation method of high-lead bronze alloy material according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step (4) is described to be poured
The duration of pouring of alloy liquid per ton is 10 ~ 20s during note.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811220314.7A CN109207794A (en) | 2018-10-19 | 2018-10-19 | A kind of high-lead bronze alloy material and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811220314.7A CN109207794A (en) | 2018-10-19 | 2018-10-19 | A kind of high-lead bronze alloy material and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
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| CN109207794A true CN109207794A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
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| CN201811220314.7A Pending CN109207794A (en) | 2018-10-19 | 2018-10-19 | A kind of high-lead bronze alloy material and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103882255A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-25 | 安新县华昌合金厂 | Lead-free bronze alloy and application thereof |
| CN107676382A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-02-09 | 中设精工制造江苏有限公司 | A kind of high-lead bronze copper sheathing and preparation method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-10-19 CN CN201811220314.7A patent/CN109207794A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103882255A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-25 | 安新县华昌合金厂 | Lead-free bronze alloy and application thereof |
| CN107676382A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-02-09 | 中设精工制造江苏有限公司 | A kind of high-lead bronze copper sheathing and preparation method thereof |
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