CN109182207A - 一株具有调节血糖和胆固醇水平等益生功能的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001及其应用 - Google Patents
一株具有调节血糖和胆固醇水平等益生功能的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109182207A CN109182207A CN201811177408.0A CN201811177408A CN109182207A CN 109182207 A CN109182207 A CN 109182207A CN 201811177408 A CN201811177408 A CN 201811177408A CN 109182207 A CN109182207 A CN 109182207A
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- lactobacillus acidophilus
- sjlh001
- probiotics
- bacterial strain
- glucose
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Abstract
本发明涉及一株自主筛选的具有调节血糖和胆固醇水平等益生功能的嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus SJLH001,简称La‑SJLH001)及其在益生菌食品中的应用。该菌株具有良好的胃肠道环境耐受能力,并具有抗氧化性、疏水性、超声波抗性、还原力等体外益生活性。体外、体内功能验证实验表明,La‑SJLH001具有显著的淀粉酶抑制活性和α‑葡萄糖甘酶抑制活性等,并能显著降低小鼠空腹血糖、餐后血糖水平,增强机体对葡萄糖的耐受能力,缓解胰岛变大,同时还具有降低血清总胆固醇水平、增强小肠黏膜保护作用等功能。La‑SJLH001显著的降血糖和降胆固醇活性使其在多种形式的益生食品(如益生菌压片糖果、益生菌固体饮料等)中具有广泛的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微生物工程领域,涉及一种具有调节血糖和胆固醇水平等益生功能的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001的分离、鉴定、活性检测、功能验证、菌粉制备及其在益生菌压片糖果和益生菌固体饮料中的应用。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的日益提高,生活方式发生改变,膳食中高脂肪、高蛋白过量摄入,其引发的心脑血管疾病、肥胖等问题日益严重,成为威胁人们健康的主要因素之一。益生菌是用于提高人、动物和植物健康水平的活的微生物及其代谢产物,是改善宿主肠道微生物菌群平衡的核心功能因子。研究表明,益生菌具有调节肠道菌群平衡、预防和缓解多种慢性疾病的功能。目前益生菌主要包括乳酸菌、芽孢杆菌和酵母菌等三大类,其中乳酸菌包括嗜酸乳杆菌、双歧杆菌等,在食品行业中应用最为广泛。
乳酸菌是一类能利用碳水化合物产生乳酸的非病原性、革兰氏阳性细菌的总称,包括乳杆菌、乳球菌和双歧杆菌等20多个属。大量研究表明,乳酸菌作为益生菌,在维持肠道微生态平衡、增强机体免疫机能、降低血清胆固醇、预防和抑制肿瘤发生等方面发挥着重要的作用,是维持机体健康必不可少的生理菌群之一,已广泛地应用于医药、食品和饲料等行业。当前市场上乳酸菌相关制品种类多样,包括酸奶、乳酸饮料、单复合菌食品、保健品等,但大部分产品菌株均依赖进口,且存在乳酸菌制品活菌数不稳定、功能模糊、产品保质期短等问题。因此,拓展菌株的来源,选育具有优良发酵特性、活菌数高、安全性能好、具有一定益生功能的乳酸菌菌株并开发益生菌食品,将带来巨大的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种自主筛选的微生物菌株——嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001的分离、鉴定、功能验证、菌粉的制备方法及其在益生菌压片糖果和益生菌固体饮料制备中的应用。
本发明涉及一株自主筛选的嗜酸乳杆菌菌株(Lactobacillus acidophilus SJLH001),是从中国传统发酵食品东北酸菜中分离筛选的,其保藏名称为“嗜酸乳杆菌SJLH001”;保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心CGMCC;保藏地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号;保藏日期:2018年4月20日;保藏编号:CGMCC NO. 15634。
本发明所述的嗜酸乳杆菌菌株,单菌落接种到MRS固体培养基上,37 ºC厌氧生长良好,菌落呈圆形,直径大小0.5 mm-2.0 mm,较光滑,乳白色;革兰氏染色呈阳性,菌体较平直或稍弯,两端钝圆,成单或双存在,无芽孢;菌株在高胆盐培养基上表现出胆盐水解酶活性;经16S rDNA序列鉴定,La-SJLH001为嗜酸乳杆菌。
本发明所述嗜酸乳杆菌,具有良好的胃肠道耐受性,在胃酸和肠道高胆盐环境中存活率高,同时具有较强的抗氧化性、疏水性、超声波抗性及还原力等优良特性;具有较好的体外α-葡萄糖甘酶抑制活性和淀粉酶抑制活性,具备应用于体内调节血糖水平的潜能;经小鼠体内功能实验验证,能显著降低空腹血糖、餐后90 min和120 min血糖水平,增强机体对葡萄糖的耐受能力,缓解胰岛变大,同时还具有降低血清总胆固醇水平、增强小肠黏膜保护作用等体内益生功能。
本发明所述的嗜酸乳杆菌菌粉是由嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001的发酵产物经冷冻干燥制备而成,该菌粉具有超高细胞浓度,菌落形成单位大于1×1011 CFU/g。
上述应用所述嗜酸乳杆菌制备嗜酸乳杆菌菌粉经过如下步骤:无菌条件下,将嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001在MRS平板上进行划线分离,接种至培养基中37 ºC厌氧培养16 h后得高浓度细胞培养液。培养液离心后与脱脂乳按一定比例混合均匀,经冷冻干燥制成嗜酸乳杆菌菌粉。
本发明提供一种益生菌压片糖果的制备方法,是将上述嗜酸乳杆菌菌粉混合脱脂奶粉、天然果粉、乳糖、甘露醇、微晶纤维素和硬脂酸镁等中的一种或几种为原料,经粉碎、过筛、称量配料、总混、压片、包装等工艺制成益生菌压片糖果。
本发明提供一种益生菌固体饮料的制备方法,是将上述嗜酸乳杆菌混合天然果粉、麦芽糖醇、抗性糊精和食用香精等中的一种或几种为原料,经称量配料、混合、包装等工艺制成。
所述嗜酸乳杆菌菌株、嗜酸乳杆菌菌粉的制备方法、益生菌压片糖果的制备方法和益生菌固体饮料的制备方法均属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明提供的嗜酸乳杆菌具备益生菌的优良特性,具有体内外调节血糖的功能活性,可增强机体对葡萄糖的耐受能力,同时还能降低血清总胆固醇水平、增强小肠黏膜保护作用。本发明所述嗜酸乳杆菌能够采用上述发酵培养方法获得超高细胞浓度菌粉,菌落形成单位大于1×1011 CUF/g。本发明提供的嗜酸乳杆菌菌粉可用于制备益生菌压片糖果和益生菌固体饮料,食用口感好。
附图说明
本发明有如下附图:
图1嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001在MRS平板上的菌落形态图。
图2嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001革兰氏染色图。
图3嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001胆盐水解酶活性检测图。CK:空白对照组(ControlCheck);LA:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001(Lactobacillus acidophilus SJLH001)。滤纸片周围出现白色沉淀圈说明具有胆盐水解酶活性。
图4嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001体外耐酸性(pH=3.0)测定图。
图5嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001体外耐肠液(pH=6.8)测定图。
图6嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001体外耐胆盐(胆盐浓度0.3%-1%)测定图。
图7嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001体外抗氧化活性测定图。
图8嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001疏水性测定图。
图9嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001超声波抗性测定图。
图10嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001还原力测定图。
图11嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001淀粉酶抑制活性测定图。
图12嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001 α-葡萄糖甘酶抑制活性测定图。
图13嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001体内降胆固醇测定图。HF: 高脂组(High fat diet),LA: 嗜酸乳杆菌灌胃组(Lactobacillus acidophilus SJLH001),NC: 普通膳食组(Normalcontrol diet)。
图14嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001体内降血糖测定图。A:口服葡萄糖耐受测定图,*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001;B:曲线下面积图(AUC)。
图15小鼠胰腺组织切片图。A:高脂组小鼠胰腺组织;B:嗜酸乳杆菌灌胃组小鼠胰腺组织。箭头处指示的是小鼠胰腺组织中的胰岛部分,和HF组相比,LA组胰岛变大现象得到显著缓解。
图16小鼠小肠组织切片图。A:高脂组小鼠小肠组织;B:嗜酸乳杆菌灌胃组小鼠小肠组织。箭头处指示的是小鼠小肠组织中的肠腔部分,LA组肠腔内容物明显增加,增强了小肠黏膜保护作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图1-16和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但本发明并不限于以下实施例。下述实施例中,如无特殊说明,按照本领域内的文献所描述的常规实验步骤操作或条件即可进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规试剂产品。
实施例1:产胆盐水解酶菌株的筛选、鉴定及保藏
1、样品采集:采集多种我国传统发酵食品(酸菜、豆豉、腐乳等),冷藏保存。
2、菌株的分离纯化:将采集的样品1 g 加入9 mL无菌生理盐水中,充分混匀,取1mL混悬液加入9 mL无菌生理盐水,经一系列十倍稀释,分别取浓度为10-6、10-7和10-8的菌液各0.1 mL涂布MRS平板,每个稀释度作三个重复,37 ºC厌氧培养48 h,挑取单菌落划线厌氧培养。
3、产胆盐水解酶菌株的筛选:划线培养48 h后,将纯化后的单菌落接种至MRS液体培养基中培养24 h。配制含有5 mM甘氨脱氧胆酸(GDCA)和0.37 g/L CaCl2的MRS平板,将培养后的菌液用灭菌生理盐水洗涤重悬两次后,点样10 μL于平板上的无菌滤纸圈上,37 ºC厌氧培养72 h后,滤纸圈周围有白色沉淀圈产生的即为产胆盐水解酶菌株。
4、菌株鉴定:选取在滤纸圈周围产生明显白色沉淀圈的菌株进行菌株鉴定。利用细菌基因组DNA提取试剂盒提取菌株DNA,通过PCR技术扩增16S rDNA,进行测序分析,鉴定菌株的种属。
5、菌株形态观察:对筛选出的菌株革兰氏染色后于显微镜下观察其形态,染色后菌体呈蓝色则为革兰氏阳性菌株,菌体呈红色则为革兰氏阴性菌株。
实验结果:从我国传统发酵食品中筛选出多株产胆盐水解酶微生物菌株,经16SrDNA测序分析和形态观察,其中菌株SJLH001被鉴定为嗜酸乳杆菌,其16S rDNA序列(SEQID NO:1所示)与已报道的嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus FSI4)的序列相似性为99%。该菌单菌落接种到MRS固体培养基上37 ºC厌氧生长良好,菌落呈圆形,直径大小0.5mm-2.0 mm,较光滑,乳白色(图1);革兰氏染色呈阳性,菌体较平直或稍弯,两端钝圆,成单或双存在,无芽孢(图2);菌株在高胆盐培养基上表现出胆盐水解酶活性(图3)。该菌株已在中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(CGMCC)进行了专利保藏,保藏编号为CGMCC No. 15634。
实施例2:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001胃肠道耐受力实验
1、人工胃液耐受性测定:取活化后的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001培养液5 mL,离心(5000g、10 min)收集菌体,PBS缓冲液洗涤两次后制成菌悬液,取1 mL菌悬液加入9 mL人工胃液(NaCl 0.2%,胃蛋白酶0.35%,用1 N HCl调整pH为3.0,过滤除菌),置于37 °C厌氧培养,分别于0 h、1 h、2 h和3 h取样,用平板计数法测定活菌数,以0 h样品为对照,计算1 h、2h 和3h菌株的存活率。存活率(%)=1 h或2 h或3 h的活菌数/0 h的活菌数×100%。
实验结果如图4所示。结果证明:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001具有较好的酸耐受性,在pH 3.0的环境中,1 h后活菌数大于8×1010 CFU/mL,菌株存活率大于94%,3 h后活菌数大于6×1010 CFU/mL,菌株存活率大于72%。表明嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001在强酸性环境中能保持较高的存活率,作为益生菌可在胃和小肠前段存活,充分发挥益生作用。
2、人工肠液耐受性测定:取活化后的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001培养液5 mL,离心(5000 g、10 min)收集菌体,PBS缓冲液洗涤两次后制成菌悬液,取1 mL菌悬液加入9 mL人工肠液(KH2PO4 0.68%, NaCl 0.2%,胰蛋白酶1%,用0.4%NaOH调整pH为6.8,过滤除菌),置于37 °C厌氧培养,分别于0 h、1 h、2 h和3 h取样,用平板计数法测定活菌数,以0 h样品为对照,计算1 h、2h 和3h菌株的存活率。存活率(%)=1 h或2 h或3 h的活菌数/0 h的活菌数×100%。
实验结果如图5所示。结果证明:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001具有较好的肠液耐受性,在pH 6.8的环境中,1 h后活菌数大于8×1010 CFU/mL,菌株存活率大于92%,3 h后活菌数大于7×1010 CFU/mL,菌株存活率大于77%。表明嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001在肠液环境中能保持较高的存活率,可在肠道中发挥益生作用。
3、嗜酸乳杆菌胆盐耐受性测定:取活化后的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001,按2%接种量分别接种于含0% Oxgll、0.3% Oxgll、0.5% Oxgll和1% Oxgll(w/v)的MRS-THIO培养基(MRS液体培养基中含0.2%巯基乙酸钠),37 °C厌氧培养24 h后,分别测定上述不同浓度培养基的OD625值,计算菌株对胆盐的耐受力。胆盐耐受力(%)=含胆盐的培养基OD625值/空白培养基OD625值×100%。
实验结果如图6所示。结果证明:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001具有良好的胆盐耐受性,在0.3%胆盐浓度条件下,3 h后菌株对胆盐耐受力大于80%,在高浓度胆盐条件(1%)下,3 h后菌株对胆盐耐受力仍大于40%。表明嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001作为益生菌可耐受小肠中的胆盐,满足益生菌在人体内胃肠消化道的存活要求,发挥益生作用。
实施例3:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001体外生物活性测定
1、嗜酸乳杆菌抗氧化活性测定:取2 mL嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001样品(菌悬液、发酵上清液和细胞破碎物上清液,即菌体、胞外分泌物和胞内物)分别加入2 mL浓度为0.2 mM的DPPH,以甲醇为空白调零,37 °C避光反应20 min,5000 g离心后测定OD519,计算自由基清除率。抗氧化性(%)=[1-(A-B)/C]×100%,其中A:含有样品和DPPH溶液;B:含有样品溶液不含DPPH溶液;C:不含样品,含DPPH溶液。
实验结果如图7所示。结果证明:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001菌悬液(即菌体)、发酵上清液(即胞外分泌物)和细胞破碎物上清液(即胞内物)的抗氧化性分别为40.6%、62.7%和57.4%。表明嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001的菌体、胞外分泌物和胞内物对自由基均具有较强的清除能力,有利于机体延缓和预防与自由基相关的疾病(如动脉硬化、糖尿病、心血管病等)。
2、嗜酸乳杆菌疏水性测定:取10 mL菌液5000 g离心10 min,收集菌体,用5 mLPBS(50 mM,pH 6.5)洗涤菌体2次。以缓冲液为对照,调整菌体浓度OD560约为1.0。取4 mL菌液,加入0.8 mL二甲苯,对照组不加二甲苯,振荡30 s,停顿10 s后再振荡30 s,静置5 min-10 min分层,取下层水相,以缓冲液为空白对照,测定OD560。计算疏水率H(%)=[(A0-A)/A0]×100%,其中A0为二甲苯混匀前OD560值,A为混匀后OD560值。
实验结果如图8所示。结果证明:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001菌体经二甲苯处理前后OD560值分别为0.531和0.403,计算得菌株对二甲苯的疏水率为24.1%,一定的疏水率表明菌株在肠黏膜表面存活能力较强,有助于益生菌对肠黏膜上皮细胞的黏附。
3、嗜酸乳杆菌超声波抗性测定:取活化后的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001,按1%接种量分别接种于MRS-CHO培养基(高胆固醇培养基)和MRS液体培养基,37 °C厌氧培养24 h后,5000 g离心10 min,收集菌体沉淀,生理盐水重悬,调整菌体浓度为4×109 CFU/mL。取一定体积重悬液,在冰浴条件下超声破碎10 min,破碎期间每30 s停止5 s以防止过热。平板计数超声前后活菌数,计算存活率。
实验结果如图9所示。结果证明:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001在MRS液体培养基培养条件下超声波抗性为75.9%,在MRS-CHO培养基培养条件下超声波抗性为83.2%。益生菌在高胆固醇培养基条件下对超声波的抗性是考察益生菌体外降胆固醇作用机理的指标之一。在高胆固醇培养基中培养的菌株对超声波的抗性强于在普通培养基中培养的菌株,表明菌株吸收培养基中的胆固醇,改变了细胞膜的组成和韧性,提高了细胞通透性,从而增强了对超声波的抵抗能力。
4、嗜酸乳杆菌还原力测定:取1mL嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001菌悬液、发酵上清液和细胞破碎物上清液加2.5 mL的PBS溶液(0.2 M,pH 6.6),再加入2.5 mL 1%铁氰化钾,50 °C水浴20 min,加入2.5 mL 10%三氯乙酸,摇匀,5000 g离心10 min,取上清液2.5 mL 加2.5 mL蒸馏水和2.5 mL 0.1%的 FeCl3,摇匀后静置10 min,用蒸馏水作为空白调零,测 OD700。吸光度越大还原力越大。
实验结果如图10所示。结果证明:与菌悬液(菌体)和细胞破碎物上清液(胞内物)相比,嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001发酵上清液(胞外分泌物)的还原力最强,表明具有还原能力的物质主要由菌株代谢合成并分泌至胞外。还原力是评价生物活性物质抗氧化能力的指标之一,强还原力说明嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001具有较强的抗氧化能力。
实施例4:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001体外降糖指标测定
1、嗜酸乳杆菌淀粉酶抑制活性测定:取质量浓度2 mg/mL的α-淀粉酶溶液2 mL(用50mM、pH 7.0的PB缓冲液配制),分别加2 mL样液(嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001菌悬液、发酵上清液、细胞破碎物上清液),37 °C下反应30 min 后加2 mL 1%可溶性淀粉,37 °C下反应15min,加碘液显色,测OD660。抑制率(%)=[1-(A-B)/(C-D)]×100%,其中A:含样品溶液不含α-淀粉酶溶液;B:含样品溶液及α-淀粉酶溶液;C:不含样品溶液和α-淀粉酶溶液;D:不含样品溶液,含α-淀粉酶溶液。
实验结果如图11所示。结果证明:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001菌悬液(即菌体)和细胞破碎物上清液(即胞内物)的淀粉酶抑制率较高,分别为17.6%和19.0%,发酵上清液(即胞外分泌物)几乎没有淀粉酶抑制活性,表明菌株及其胞内物具有较高的淀粉酶抑制活性,而菌株代谢合成并分泌至胞外的物质无显著淀粉酶抑制活性。具有淀粉酶抑制活性的物质能有效抑制唾液淀粉酶和胰液淀粉酶活性,降低机体血糖和血脂水平。
2、嗜酸乳杆菌α-葡萄糖甘酶抑制活性测定:取60 μL嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001发酵上清液与40 μL α-葡萄糖苷酶酶液(0.1 U/mL)混合,在37 °C下孵育10 min。之后加入100μL底物pNPG(0.5 mM),在37 °C下反应20 min,加入600 μL 2 M的碳酸钠溶液终止反应。测吸光值OD405并计算酶活。酶活U(U/mL)=(OD405-0.0011)/0.3025/20(反应时间20 min)×稀释倍数。抑制率(%)=(1-Ui/U0)×100%。式中:Ui为加入抑制剂的酶活;U0为不加抑制剂的酶活。
实验结果如图12所示。结果证明:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001菌悬液(即菌体)和发酵上清液(即胞外分泌物)的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率接近,分别为23.0%和25.9%,细胞破碎物上清液(即胞内物)的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率最高,达到75.5%,表明菌株及其合成代谢并分泌至胞外的物质具有较强的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的物质能有效防治餐后高血糖和缓解高胰岛素血症。
实施例5:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001体内调节血糖功能分析
将本发明的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001菌体制成菌悬液(活菌量1×109 CFU/mL),灌服高脂饲料组小鼠(C57BL/6:清洁级,雄性,平均体重20±0.74g。灌胃量:每天0.1 mL/10 g小鼠体重),并以基础饲料(营养成分含量:蛋白质16.1%,碳水化合物60%,脂肪3.1%,能量2.9kcal/g)组小鼠和高脂饲料(营养成分含量:蛋白质26%,碳水化合物26%,脂肪 35%,能量5.2kcal/g)组小鼠灌服灭菌生理盐水作为对照,进行该菌株对小鼠的体内益生功能分析。实验分组情况如表1所示。饲喂28周后进行小鼠血糖、血清总胆固醇水平(TC)等各项指标的测定,同时对小鼠胰腺组织、小肠组织进行组织切片观察。
实验结果如图13-图16所示。结果证明:与高脂饲料组小鼠(HF)相比,嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001灌胃组小鼠(LA)的血清总胆固醇水平(TC)显著降低(图13);嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001灌胃组小鼠(LA)的空腹血糖、90 min和120 min血糖值降低程度和曲线下面积变化显著,增强了机体对葡萄糖的耐受能力(图14)。对小鼠胰腺组织的切片观察显示,嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001灌胃组小鼠(LA)的胰岛变大现象得到显著缓解,增强了小鼠的胰岛敏感性,缓解了胰岛素抵抗(图15);对小鼠小肠肠腔的切片观察显示,嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001灌胃组小鼠(LA)的肠腔内容物明显增加,增强了小肠黏膜的保护作用(图16)。因此,嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001能够显著降低小鼠空腹血糖、餐后90 min和120 min血糖水平,增强机体对葡萄糖的耐受能力,缓解胰岛变大,同时还具有降低血清总胆固醇水平、增强小肠黏膜保护作用等功能。
实施例6:嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001的菌粉制备
1、菌种活化:将甘油管中保存的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001解冻后,无菌条件下,在MRS平板上进行划线分离,37 ºC厌氧培养48 h,从 MRS平板上挑取单菌落进行斜面划线,37 ºC厌氧培养16 h,保藏备用。
2、一级培养:分别取生长旺盛的斜面,用灭菌后的接种环刮取1环菌于100 mL的一级培养基中,37 ºC厌氧培养10 h-20 h,获得嗜酸乳杆菌的一级培养液。
3、二级培养:将嗜酸乳杆菌的一级培养液接种于5 L发酵罐中的二级培养基中,接种量为1%-5%,装液量为2 L-4 L,发酵温度30 ºC -38 ºC,转速50 rpm -120 rpm,培养8 h-20 h得到二级种子液。
4、嗜酸乳杆菌菌粉制备:将二级种子液通过离心(5000 g,10min)获得嗜酸乳杆菌活性菌泥,与脱脂乳(20%,w/v)按照1:1.5混合30 min,获得高浓度嗜酸乳杆菌菌悬液,经冷冻干燥制成嗜酸乳杆菌菌粉。
实验结果:经平板计数,嗜酸乳杆菌菌粉的活菌量(菌落形成单位)大于1×1011 CFU/g。
实施例7:含嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001的益生菌压片糖果的制备
本实施例中,含嗜酸乳杆菌的益生菌压片糖果由以下质量百分数的原料制备而成:嗜酸乳杆菌2%-10%,脱脂奶粉20%-40%,天然果粉25%-45%,乳糖2%-6%,甘露糖醇5%-15%,微晶纤维素5%-10%,硬脂酸镁0.3%-1%。
本实施例中,制备含嗜酸乳杆菌的益生菌压片糖果的具体操作步骤为:对原料进行粉碎和过筛(60目)处理,随后按比例称量各原料,充分混匀后采用压片机进行压片。对片剂进行片重差异、硬度、脆碎度(减重1%以内)、活菌量等指标进行检测。
实验结果:对三个批次的益生菌压片糖果进行了指标检测,结果如表2所示,表明本发明的益生菌压片糖果在片重差异、硬度、脆碎度等方面指标均符合《中国药典》等对压片糖果的相关标准要求,益生菌活菌量大于2×109 CFU/g。
实施例8:含嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001的益生菌固体饮料的制备
本实施例中,含嗜酸乳杆菌的益生菌固体饮料由以下质量百分数的原料制备而成:嗜酸乳杆菌2%-10%,天然果粉20%-40%,麦芽糖醇50%-70%,抗性糊精5%-15%,食用香精0.2%-0.8%。
本实施例中,制备含嗜酸乳杆菌的益生菌固体饮料的具体操作步骤为:对原料进行粉碎和过筛(80目)处理,随后按比例称量各原料,充分混匀,并对固体饮料的活菌量进行检测。
实验结果:对三个批次的益生菌固体饮料进行了指标检测,结果如表3所示。实验证明本发明的益生菌固体饮料,其益生菌活菌量大于1×109 CFU/g。
本说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。
序列表
<110> 北京首佳利华科技有限公司
北京科技大学
<120> 一株具有调节血糖和胆固醇水平等益生功能的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001及其应用
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 1433
<212> DNA
<213> Lactobacillus acidophilus
<400> 1
ccttcccgaa ggttaggcca ccggctttgg gcattgcaga ctcccatggt gtgacgggcg 60
gtgtgtacaa ggcccgggaa cgtattcacc gcggcgtgct gatccgcgat tactagcgat 120
tccagcttcg tgcagtcgag ttgcagactg cagtccgaac tgagaacagc tttaagagat 180
tcgcttgcct tcgcaggctt gctcctcgtt gtactgtcca ttgtagcacg tgtgtagccc 240
aggtcataag gggcatgatg acttgacgtc atccccacct tcctccggtt tgtcaccggc 300
agtctcatta gagtgcccaa cttaatgctg gcaactaatg acaagggttg cgctcgttgc 360
gggacttaac ccaacatctc acgacacgag ctgacgacag ccatgcacca cctgtcttag 420
tgtccccgaa gggaactccg tatctctacg gattgcacta gatgtcaaga cctggtaagg 480
ttcttcgcgt tgcttcgaat taaaccacat gctccaccgc ttgtgcgggc ccccgtcaat 540
tcctttgagt ttcaaccttg cggtcgtact ccccaggcgg agtgcttaat gcgttagctg 600
cagcactgag aggcggaaac ctcccaacac ttagcactca tcgtttacgg catggactac 660
cagggtatct aatcctgttc gctacccatg ctttcgagcc tcagcgtcag ttgcagacca 720
gagagccgcc ttcgccactg gtgttcttcc atatatctac gcattccacc gctacacatg 780
gagttccact ctcctcttct gcactcaaga aaaacagttt ccgatgcagt tcctcggtta 840
agccgagggc tttcacatca gacttattct tccgcctgcg ctcgctttac gcccaataaa 900
tccggacaac gcttgccacc tacgtattac cgcggctgct ggcacgtagt tagccgtgac 960
tttctggttg attaccgtca aataaaggcc agttactacc tctatccttc ttcaccaaca 1020
acagagcttt acgatccgaa aaccttcttc actcacgcgg cgttgctcca tcagactttc 1080
gtccattgtg gaagattccc tactgctgcc tcccgtagga gtttgggccg tgtctcagtc 1140
ccaatgtggc cgatcagtct ctcaactcgg ctatgcatca ttgccttggt aggccgttac 1200
cctaccaact agctaatgca ccgcggggcc atcccatagc gacagcttac gccgcctttt 1260
ataagctgat catgcgatct gctttcttat ccggtattag cacctgtttc caagtggtat 1320
cccagactat ggggcaggtt ccccacgtgt tactcaccca tccgccgctc gcgttcccaa 1380
cgtcatcacc gaagtgaatc tgttggttca gctcgctcga ctgcatgtat agc 1433
Claims (7)
1.一株嗜酸乳杆菌菌株,其特征在于:所述嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilusSJLH001,简称La-SJLH001)是从中国传统发酵食品东北酸菜中分离的耐酸和耐胆盐的益生菌;该菌株保藏名称为“嗜酸乳杆菌SJLH001”;保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心CGMCC;保藏地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号;保藏日期:2018年4月20日;保藏编号:CGMCC NO. 15634。
2.如权利要求1所述的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001菌株,其特征在于:所述嗜酸乳杆菌菌株的单菌落接种到MRS固体培养基上37 ºC厌氧生长良好,菌落呈圆形,直径大小0.5 mm-2.0mm,较光滑,乳白色;革兰氏染色呈阳性,菌体较平直或稍弯,两端钝圆,成单或双存在,无芽孢;La-SJLH001菌株在高胆盐培养基上表现出胆盐水解酶活性;经16S rDNA序列鉴定,La-SJLH001为嗜酸乳杆菌。
3.如权利要求1和2所述的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001,其特征在于:所述嗜酸乳杆菌具有良好的胃肠道耐受性,在胃酸和肠道高胆盐环境中存活率高;所述菌株具有较强的抗氧化性、疏水性、超声波抗性及还原力等优良生物活性;所述菌株具有较好的体外α-葡萄糖甘酶抑制活性和淀粉酶抑制活性,具备应用于体内调节血糖水平的潜能。
4.如权利要求1-3所述的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001,其特征在于:所述嗜酸乳杆菌经小鼠体内功能实验验证,能显著降低空腹血糖、餐后90 min和120 min血糖水平,增强机体对葡萄糖的耐受能力,缓解胰岛变大,同时还具有降低血清总胆固醇水平、增强小肠黏膜保护作用等体内益生功能。
5.一种具有调节血糖和血清总胆固醇功能的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001菌粉,其特征在于:所述嗜酸乳杆菌菌粉是由权利1-4所述嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001的发酵产物经冷冻干燥(真空度0.08 MPa,冷肼温度-60 ºC)制备而成;所述菌粉具有超高细胞浓度,菌落形成单位大于1×1011 CFU/g。
6.权利要求5所述嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001菌粉在益生菌压片糖果制备中的应用,其特征在于:所述益生菌压片糖果包含如下质量百分数的组分:嗜酸乳杆菌2%-10%,脱脂奶粉20%-40%,天然果粉25%-45%,乳糖2%-6%,甘露糖醇5%-15%,微晶纤维素5%-10%,硬脂酸镁0.3%-1%;所述益生菌压片糖果由上述原料经粉碎、过筛、称量配料、总混、压片、包装等工艺制成;所述益生菌压片糖果的益生菌活菌量大于2×109 CFU/g。
7.权利要求5所述的嗜酸乳杆菌La-SJLH001菌粉在益生菌固体饮料制备中的应用,其特征在于:所述益生菌固体饮料包含如下质量百分数的组分:嗜酸乳杆菌2%-10%,天然果粉20%-40%,麦芽糖醇50%-70%,抗性糊精5%-15%,食用香精0.2%-0.8%;所述益生菌固体饮料由上述原料经称量配料、混合、包装等工艺制成;所述益生菌固体饮料的益生菌活菌量大于1×109 CFU/g。
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