CN109181252B - Preparation method of degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting, which comprises the following steps: adding nano halloysite and N-carbonyl diimidazole into dimethyl sulfoxide, stirring, adding amino mono-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, continuously stirring, filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain a first material; adding the first material into a formaldehyde aqueous solution and saturated ammonia water, uniformly mixing, adding urea and perchloric acid oxidized starch, heating and refluxing, adding acetic acid in the refluxing process, adjusting the pH value of the system to 7.1-7.4, and continuously stirring to obtain a second material; and (2) uniformly mixing the second material and nano-silica, adding polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, polylactic acid, etherified starch, chitosan, chelating titanate coupling agent, ground phosphate rock, fishbone meal, plant ash, sylvite, carboxymethyl cellulose, magnesium oxide, polymetaphosphoric acid and butyl oleate, uniformly mixing, extruding and plasticizing, blow molding to form a film, cooling and shaping, and rolling to obtain the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural mulching films, in particular to a preparation method of a degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting.
Background
Sugarcane, academic name: saccharum officinarum, Saccharum, perennial high solid herbaceous plants, strong and developed root stems, 3-6 m high stems, and widely planted in tropical areas in south such as Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Sichuan and Yunnan. The sugarcane is suitable for being planted in a place with fertile soil, sufficient sunlight and large temperature difference in winter and summer, diseases, insects and weeds in a sugarcane field are reduced, a water-retaining and fertile soil condition is provided for the growth of the sugarcane, the requirement of the root system growth is fully met, and therefore the root system can better play a role in absorbing water and nutrients and has an important role.
The agricultural mulching film can obviously reduce the water evaporation of soil, stabilize the soil humidity, keep moist for a long time, prevent pests from attacking crops and diseases caused by certain microorganisms, reduce the leaching, loss and volatilization of nutrients, improve the utilization rate of the nutrients and the like, and promote the growth of plants. Grain and vegetable of billions of people in China are completely solved by self, and can be exported, so that the agricultural mulching film is indispensable.
At present, degradable agricultural mulching film plastic is becoming a focus of attention in the world as a high-tech product and an environment-friendly product, the development of the degradable agricultural mulching film plastic not only expands the functions of the plastic, but also relieves the environmental contradiction to a certain extent, and the degradable agricultural mulching film plastic supplements the increasingly exhausted petroleum resources, so the research, development, popularization and application of the degradable plastic are adapted to the requirements of human sustainable development.
The polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate is a biopolymer polyester which has good biocompatibility, biodegradation and bioabsorbability, but due to the defects of the material, the elasticity and the sealing effect are poor, the water retention and heat preservation effects are poor, and the polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate is easy to crack in the tearing process due to the unevenness of soil, so that the application of the polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate in agricultural mulching films is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a preparation method of a degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting, which can improve the performance of poly (hydroxybutyrate-valerate) and has the advantages of good mulching film elasticity, good sealing effect, difficult rupture in the tearing process and obvious water retention and heat preservation effects in the sugarcane germination stage and the seedling stage, can be rapidly degraded when the sugarcane enters the tillering stage, can provide required nutrients for the sugarcane in the tillering stage, is pollution-free, and is a green and environment-friendly product.
The invention provides a preparation method of a degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adding nano halloysite and N-carbonyl diimidazole into dimethyl sulfoxide, stirring, adding amino mono-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, continuing stirring, filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain a first material;
s2, adding the first material into a formaldehyde aqueous solution and saturated ammonia water, uniformly mixing, adding urea and perchloric acid oxidized starch, heating and refluxing, adding acetic acid in the refluxing process, adjusting the pH value of the system to 7.1-7.4, and continuously stirring to obtain a second material;
s3, uniformly mixing the second material and the nano-silica, adding polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, polylactic acid, etherified starch, chitosan, chelating titanate coupling agent, ground phosphate rock, fishbone powder, plant ash, sylvite, carboxymethyl cellulose, magnesium oxide, polymetaphosphate and butyl oleate, uniformly mixing, extruding and plasticizing, blow molding to form a film, cooling and shaping, and rolling to obtain the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting.
Preferably, in S1, after adding the nano halloysite and the N-carbonyl diimidazole into the dimethyl sulfoxide, stirring for 2-4h at the temperature of 90-96 ℃.
Preferably, in S1, the weight ratio of the nano halloysite, the N-carbonyl diimidazole, the dimethyl sulfoxide and the amino single-end-capped polydimethylsiloxane is 10-20: 2-6: 120-180: 2-4.
Preferably, in S2, the reflux time is 4-6h and the reflux temperature is 60-70 ℃.
Preferably, in S2, the concentration of the aqueous formaldehyde solution is 30 to 35 wt%.
Preferably, in S2, the weight ratio of the first material, the formaldehyde aqueous solution, the saturated ammonia water, the urea, the perchloric acid oxidized starch and the acetic acid is 10-20: 100-200: 2-4: 40-60: 4-10: 2-4.
Preferably, in S3, the weight ratio of the polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, the polylactic acid, the etherified starch and the chitosan is 40-80: 2-10: 10-20: 2-10.
Preferably, in S3, the weight ratio of the polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate, the second material, the ground phosphate rock, the fishbone meal, the plant ash, the sylvite, the nano-silica and the chelating titanate coupling agent is 40-80: 50-60: 30-40: 15-25: 15-25: 10-20: 15-25: 1-2.
Preferably, in S3, the weight ratio of polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate, carboxymethyl cellulose, magnesium oxide, polymetaphosphoric acid and butyl oleate is 40-80: 1-2: 1-3: 1-2: 1-2.
The agricultural mulching film obtained by the invention can be completely decomposed into water, carbon dioxide, organic matters, inorganic matters and the like under the action of soil microorganisms, has no pollution, and is a green and environment-friendly product.
In the S1, the nano halloysite is modified by amino single-end-capped polydimethylsiloxane and can form good interface combination with urea and perchloric acid oxidized starch in S2, in the perchloric acid oxidized starch structure, partial glucose C6 hydroxyl is converted into aldehyde group, the aldehyde group and formaldehyde form hemiacetal and acetal under the catalysis of ammonia water, and the hemiacetal and acetal are connected to form a three-dimensional network structure after curing, and the distribution is extremely uniform.
In the invention S3, polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate copolymer is taken as a main material and compounded with nano silicon dioxide to form nucleus, can effectively promote the nucleation of the polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate, but the agglomeration phenomenon can occur due to the excessively high addition amount of the nano silicon dioxide, so that the addition amount of the nano silicon dioxide is limited, so that the elasticity and the sealing property of the obtained agricultural mulching film can not meet the actual requirements, the nano-silica is compounded with the second material, the nano-silica can be uniformly dispersed in the nano-scale holes of the second material, the filling amount is extremely high, the agglomeration phenomenon is not easy to generate, but also can effectively solve the problems that the nano silicon dioxide has limited nucleating effect on the polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate and the elasticity and the sealing property are difficult to meet the requirements, meanwhile, the three-dimensional microporous network structure of the second material can enhance the compression resilience of the polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate, and the polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate copolyester is not easy to crack in the tearing process; the polylactic acid is formed by dehydration condensation of-OH of lactic acid and-COOH of other lactic acid molecules, the polylactic acid is matched with the action of butyl oleate, has excellent mutual plasticity with the polyhydroxy butyric acid-valeric acid copolyester, has high mutual dispersion degree, can uniformly disperse force when being dragged or extruded after film formation, has good sealing effect, has high mutual dispersion degree and high degradability with the polyhydroxy butyric acid-valeric acid copolyester, the polylactic acid, etherified starch and chitosan, and can effectively inhibit harmful fungi in soil and prevent and avoid sugarcane from being infected in the growth process; the second material is combined with the ground phosphate rock, fishbone powder, plant ash and sylvine under the coordination of the chelate titanate coupling agent, so that the density of the obtained agricultural mulching film can be enhanced, and the sealing effect is improved.
The agricultural mulching film obtained by the invention is decomposed under the action of soil microorganisms, and the degradation time can reach 120 days through testing, so that the heat preservation requirements of the sugarcane in the sprouting stage and the seedling stage can be met, the evaporation of soil moisture can be obviously reduced, the soil humidity is stable, and the leaching, loss and volatilization of nutrients are reduced; the sugarcane can enter a tillering stage after being planted for 110-year, the fertilizer requirement of the sugarcane is gradually increased, the agricultural mulching film obtained by the invention is completely decomposed by controlling for 120-day 110-year, wherein the second material, the ground phosphate rock, the fishbone meal, the plant ash and the sylvine salt immediately enter the soil, the nutrients in the soil can be effectively supplemented, and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is close to 15: 10: 8, is suitable for being absorbed by sugarcane in the tillering stage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a nitrogen phosphorus potassium demand curve of 120 days after sugarcane seeding and a nitrogen phosphorus potassium release curve chart of the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting obtained in example 5 after biological decomposition.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 10kg of nano halloysite and 6kg of N-carbonyl diimidazole into 120kg of dimethyl sulfoxide, stirring for 4 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃, adding 4kg of amino mono-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, continuing stirring for 40 minutes, filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain a first material;
s2, adding 20kg of first material into 100kg of formaldehyde aqueous solution with the concentration of 35 wt% and 2kg of saturated ammonia water, uniformly mixing, adding 60kg of urea and 4kg of perchloric acid oxidized starch, heating to 70 ℃, refluxing for 4 hours, adding 4kg of acetic acid in the refluxing process, adjusting the pH value of the system to 7.1-7.4, and continuously stirring for 2 hours to obtain a second material;
s3, uniformly mixing 60kg of second material and 15kg of nano silicon dioxide, then adding 80kg of polyhydroxy butyric acid valeric acid copolyester, 2kg of polylactic acid, 20kg of etherified starch, 2kg of chitosan, 2kg of chelating titanate coupling agent, 30kg of ground phosphate rock, 25kg of fishbone powder, 15kg of plant ash, 20kg of sylvine, 1kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3kg of magnesium oxide, 1kg of polymetaphosphoric acid and 2kg of butyl oleate, uniformly mixing, extruding and plasticizing, blow molding to form a film, cooling and shaping, and rolling to obtain the agricultural degradable mulching film for sugarcane planting.
Example 2
A preparation method of a degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 20kg of nano halloysite and 2kg of N-carbonyl diimidazole into 180kg of dimethyl sulfoxide, stirring for 2 hours at 96 ℃, adding 2kg of amino mono-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, continuing stirring for 60 minutes, filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain a first material;
s2, adding 10kg of first material into 200kg of 30 wt% formaldehyde aqueous solution and 4kg of saturated ammonia water, uniformly mixing, adding 40kg of urea and 10kg of perchloric acid oxidized starch, heating to 60 ℃, refluxing for 6 hours, adding 2kg of acetic acid in the refluxing process, adjusting the pH value of the system to 7.1-7.4, and continuously stirring for 4 hours to obtain a second material;
s3, uniformly mixing 50kg of second material and 25kg of nano silicon dioxide, adding 40kg of polyhydroxy butyric acid valeric acid copolyester, 10kg of polylactic acid, 10kg of etherified starch, 10kg of chitosan, 1kg of chelating titanate coupling agent, 40kg of phosphate rock powder, 15kg of fishbone powder, 25kg of plant ash, 10kg of sylvine, 2kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 1kg of magnesium oxide, 2kg of polymetaphosphoric acid, 1kg of butyl oleate and 2kg of fatty alcohol, uniformly mixing, extruding, plasticizing, blow molding to form a film, cooling, shaping, and rolling to obtain the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting.
Example 3
A preparation method of a degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 12kg of nano halloysite and 5kg of N-carbonyl diimidazole into 135kg of dimethyl sulfoxide, stirring for 3.5h at the temperature of 92 ℃, adding 3.5kg of amino mono-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, continuing stirring for 45min, filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain a first material;
s2, adding 170kg of formaldehyde aqueous solution with the concentration of 32 wt% and 3.5kg of saturated ammonia water into 12kg of first material, uniformly mixing, adding 45kg of urea and 8kg of perchloric acid oxidized starch, heating to 63 ℃, refluxing for 5.5 hours, adding 2.5kg of acetic acid in the refluxing process, adjusting the pH value of the system to be 7.1-7.4, and continuously stirring for 3.5 hours to obtain a second material;
s3, mixing 53kg of second material and 22kg of nano silicon dioxide uniformly, adding 50kg of polyhydroxy butyric acid valeric acid copolyester, 8kg of polylactic acid, 12kg of etherified starch, 8kg of chitosan, 1.3kg of chelating titanate coupling agent, 37kg of ground phosphate rock, 18kg of fishbone powder, 22kg of plant ash, 13kg of sylvine, 1.7kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.5kg of magnesium oxide, 1.7kg of polymetaphosphoric acid and 1.4kg of butyl oleate uniformly, extruding and plasticizing, blow molding to form a film, cooling and shaping, and rolling to obtain the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting.
Example 4
A preparation method of a degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 18kg of nano halloysite and 3kg of N-carbonyl diimidazole into 165kg of dimethyl sulfoxide, stirring for 2.5h at 94 ℃, adding 2.5kg of amino mono-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, continuing stirring for 55min, filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain a first material;
s2, adding 130kg of formaldehyde aqueous solution with the concentration of 34 wt% and 2.5kg of saturated ammonia water into 18kg of the first material, uniformly mixing, adding 55kg of urea and 6kg of perchloric acid oxidized starch, heating to 67 ℃, refluxing for 4.5 hours, adding 3.5kg of acetic acid in the refluxing process, adjusting the pH value of the system to be 7.1-7.4, and continuously stirring for 2.5 hours to obtain a second material;
s3, uniformly mixing 57kg of second material and 18kg of nano silicon dioxide, adding 70kg of polyhydroxy butyric acid valeric acid copolyester, 4kg of polylactic acid, 18kg of etherified starch, 4kg of chitosan, 1.7kg of chelating titanate coupling agent, 33kg of ground phosphate rock, 22kg of fishbone powder, 18kg of plant ash, 17kg of sylvine, 1.3kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2.5kg of magnesium oxide, 1.3kg of polymetaphosphoric acid and 1.6kg of butyl oleate, uniformly mixing, extruding, plasticizing, blow molding, cooling, shaping and rolling to obtain the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting.
Example 5
A preparation method of a degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 15kg of nano halloysite and 4kg of N-carbonyl diimidazole into 150kg of dimethyl sulfoxide, stirring for 3 hours at the temperature of 93 ℃, adding 3kg of amino mono-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, continuing stirring for 50 minutes, filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain a first material;
s2, adding 15kg of first material into 150kg of formaldehyde aqueous solution with the concentration of 33 wt% and 3kg of saturated ammonia water, uniformly mixing, adding 50kg of urea and 7kg of perchloric acid oxidized starch, heating to 65 ℃, refluxing for 5 hours, adding 3kg of acetic acid in the refluxing process, adjusting the pH value of the system to 7.1-7.4, and continuously stirring for 3 hours to obtain a second material;
s3, mixing 55kg of second material and 20kg of nano silicon dioxide uniformly, adding 60kg of polyhydroxy butyric acid valeric acid copolyester, 6kg of polylactic acid, 15kg of etherified starch, 6kg of chitosan, 1.5kg of chelating titanate coupling agent, 35kg of ground phosphate rock, 20kg of fishbone powder, 20kg of plant ash, 15kg of sylvine, 1.5kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2kg of magnesium oxide, 1.5kg of polymetaphosphoric acid and 1.5kg of butyl oleate uniformly, extruding and plasticizing, blow molding to form a film, cooling and sizing, and rolling to obtain the agricultural degradable mulching film for sugarcane planting.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a degradable mulching film for sugarcane planting comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 15kg of nano halloysite into 150kg of formaldehyde aqueous solution with the concentration of 33 wt% and 3kg of saturated ammonia water, uniformly mixing, adding 50kg of urea and 7kg of perchloric acid oxidized starch, heating to 65 ℃, refluxing for 5 hours, adding 3kg of acetic acid in the refluxing process, adjusting the pH value of the system to 7.1-7.4, and continuously stirring for 3 hours to obtain a material b;
s2, mixing 55kg of the material b and 20kg of nano silicon dioxide uniformly, adding 60kg of polyhydroxy butyric acid valeric acid copolyester, 6kg of polylactic acid, 15kg of etherified starch, 6kg of chitosan, 1.5kg of chelating titanate coupling agent, 35kg of phosphate rock powder, 20kg of fishbone powder, 20kg of plant ash, 15kg of sylvine, 1.5kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2kg of magnesium oxide, 1.5kg of polymetaphosphoric acid and 1.5kg of butyl oleate uniformly, extruding and plasticizing, blow molding to form a film, cooling and sizing, and rolling to obtain the degradable mulching film for sugarcane planting.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a degradable mulching film for sugarcane planting comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 15kg of nano halloysite and 4kg of N-carbonyl diimidazole into 150kg of dimethyl sulfoxide, stirring for 3 hours at the temperature of 93 ℃, adding 3kg of amino mono-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, continuing stirring for 50 minutes, filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain a material a;
s2, uniformly mixing 10.6kg of material a and 20kg of nano silicon dioxide, then adding 60kg of polyhydroxy butyric acid valeric acid copolyester, 6kg of polylactic acid, 15kg of etherified starch, 6kg of chitosan, 1.5kg of chelating titanate coupling agent, 4.9kg of perchloric acid oxidized starch, 35.3kg of urea, 4.2kg of ammonium acetate, 35kg of ground phosphate rock, 20kg of fishbone powder, 20kg of plant ash, 15kg of sylvine, 1.5kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2kg of magnesium oxide, 1.5kg of polymetaphosphoric acid and 1.5kg of butyl oleate, uniformly mixing, extruding and plasticizing, blow molding to form a film, cooling and sizing, and rolling to obtain the degradable mulching film for sugarcane planting.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a degradable mulching film for sugarcane planting comprises the following steps: 60kg of polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, 6kg of polylactic acid, 15kg of etherified starch, 6kg of chitosan, 1.5kg of chelating titanate coupling agent, 55kg of urea, 35kg of ground phosphate rock, 20kg of fishbone powder, 20kg of plant ash, 15kg of sylvine, 20kg of nano silicon dioxide, 1.5kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2kg of magnesium oxide, 1.5kg of polymetaphosphoric acid and 1.5kg of butyl oleate are uniformly mixed, extruded and plasticized, blown into a film, cooled and shaped, and wound to obtain the degradable mulching film for sugarcane planting.
Comparative example 4
A preparation method of a degradable mulching film for sugarcane planting comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 60kg of polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, 6kg of polylactic acid, 1.5kg of chelating titanate coupling agent, 20kg of nano silicon dioxide, 1.5kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2kg of magnesium oxide, 1.5kg of polymetaphosphoric acid and 1.5kg of butyl oleate, extruding and plasticizing, blow-molding to form a film, cooling and shaping, and rolling to obtain the degradable mulching film for sugarcane planting.
The thickness of the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting obtained in the example 5, the thickness of the degradable mulching film for sugarcane planting obtained in the comparative examples 1-4 and the thickness of the polyvinyl chloride mulching film are 10 micrometers, and the specific values are as follows:
1. tensile Property test
And (3) determining the tensile property of the plastic to be tested according to GB/T1040.3-2006 part: type 2 samples were prepared and tested as specified in test conditions for films and sheets, and the results were as follows:
2. tear resistance test
And (3) determining the tearing resistance of the material to be tested according to GB/T16578.1-2008 plastic films and thin sheets, part 1: the results of the measurements specified in the trouser tear method were as follows:
| tear strength, N/mm | |
| Example 5 | 32 |
| Comparative example 1 | 26 |
| Comparative example 2 | 24 |
| Comparative example 3 | 21 |
| Comparative example 4 | 15 |
| Polyvinyl chloride mulching film | 18 |
3. Light transmittance test
The material to be detected is prepared into a square sample of 50mm multiplied by 50mm according to the specification in GB/T2410-2008 determination of transparent plastic transmittance and haze, and the result is as follows:
| light transmittance% | |
| Example 5 | 85 |
| Comparative example 1 | 86 |
| Comparative example 2 | 88 |
| Comparative example 3 | 89 |
| Comparative example 4 | 90 |
| Polyvinyl chloride mulching film | 88 |
4. Sealing performance test
Detecting the water vapor permeability of the material to be detected according to the regulation in GB/T1037-88 Plastic film and sheet Water vapor permeability test method cup method, and detecting the gas permeability of the material to be detected according to the regulation in GB/T1038 + 2000 Plastic film and sheet gas permeability test method pressure difference method, wherein the results are as follows:
| water vapor transmission amount, g/m2·d | Gas transmission capacity, L/m2·d·Pa | |
| Example 5 | 543 | 14.8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 624 | 14.0 |
| Comparative example 2 | 716 | 12.8 |
| Comparative example 3 | 872 | 11.6 |
| Comparative example 4 | 721 | 10.1 |
| Polyvinyl chloride mulching film | 1000 | 9.2 |
As can be seen from the above experiments 1-4: the tensile property and the tearing resistance of the degradable agricultural mulching film are superior to those of a polyvinyl chloride mulching film used in the actual agricultural production process, and the light transmittance of the degradable agricultural mulching film is similar to that of the polyvinyl chloride mulching film, so that the degradable agricultural mulching film is suitable for being used in the agricultural production process and is not easy to damage; the water vapor transmission amount of the degradable agricultural mulching film is lower than that of a polyvinyl chloride mulching film, and the gas transmission amount of the degradable agricultural mulching film is higher than that of the polyvinyl chloride mulching film.
5. Experiment of degradation Property
And (3) measuring the final aerobic biological decomposition capacity of the material to be measured under GB/T19277.1-2011 controlled composting conditions by adopting a method part 1 for measuring released carbon dioxide: the results of the tests specified in general methods "were as follows:
the above results illustrate that: the degradable agricultural mulching film obtained by the invention meets the requirement of the national degradable plastic standard GB/T20197-2006 (more than or equal to 60 percent), and meanwhile, the decomposition speed of the degradable agricultural mulching film obtained by the invention is gradually accelerated along with the lapse of time, namely the degradable agricultural mulching film obtained by the invention can meet the heat preservation requirements of the sugarcane in the sprouting period and the seedling period in the early stage, and can obviously reduce the evaporation of soil moisture, stabilize the soil humidity and reduce the leaching, loss and volatilization of nutrients; the sugarcane can enter a tillering stage after being planted for 110-fold 120 days, the fertilizer requirement of the sugarcane is gradually increased, the agricultural mulching film obtained by the invention is thoroughly decomposed by controlling for 120-fold 110-fold, and urea, ammonium fertilizer, phosphate rock powder, fishbone powder, plant ash and sylvine salt immediately enter soil, so that the nutrients in the soil can be effectively supplemented, and the requirement of the sugarcane in the tillering stage is met.
6. Experiment of planting in field
1, preparing soil in the middle ten days of the month, wherein the depth of a sugarcane planting ditch is 30 +/-2 cm, the width of the ditch bottom is 20-25cm, and the row spacing is 1.5 +/-0.2 m; applying a compound fertilizer into the sugarcane planting ditches, wherein the application amount of the compound fertilizer is 2.5-5 kg/mu, and watering to form slurry; putting the fruit sugarcane seedlings into the slurry of the sugarcane planting ditch, wherein the planting distance is 20 +/-2 cm; half of the sugarcane seedlings are pressed into the slurry, and the other half of the sugarcane seedlings are exposed in the air, so that the bud eyes of the sugarcane seedlings are exposed in the air; covering the material to be tested on the sugarcane planting ditch in which sugarcane seedlings are planted, wherein the test group adopts the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting obtained in the example 5, the contrast groups 1-5 respectively adopt the degradable mulching film and the polyvinyl chloride mulching film for sugarcane planting obtained in the comparative examples 1-4, and then planting according to a conventional planting method.
6.1 testing the heat preservation performance: selecting typical sunny days for 2-3 days every 30 days from the date of sowing within 120 days, and measuring the ground temperature; the hourly readings from 8 to 18 were averaged and the results were as follows:
from the above table, it can be seen that: the degradable agricultural mulching film obtained by the invention is not degraded in the early stage, the thermal insulation performance is similar to that of the control group 5, the thermal insulation requirements of the sugarcane in the sprouting stage and the seedling stage can be met, and the soil temperature is gradually close to the external temperature along with the gradual acceleration of the degradation speed in the later stage.
6.2 Water retention Performance test: randomly selecting three points in the fields of the test group and the control group 1-5, and taking a soil sample with a soil layer of 0-20cm for soil water content detection; sampling for 1 time from 10d, 20d, 30d, 60d, 90d and 120d within 120d from the date of planting, and sampling for 1-2 days after rain stops if continuous rain falls; the results are as follows:
from the above table, it can be seen that: the degradable agricultural mulching film obtained by the invention is not degraded in the early stage, so that the evaporation of soil moisture is obviously reduced, the soil humidity is stable, and the leaching, loss and volatilization of nutrients are reduced; at the later stage, the degradation speed is gradually increased, and the water content of the soil is gradually close to that of the control group 5 and is surpassed.
6.3 statistics are carried out on the germination rate and the tillering rate, and the results are as follows:
6.4 after being collected, the analysis is carried out, and each group of data is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a nitrogen phosphorus potassium demand curve of 120 days after sugarcane is planted and a nitrogen phosphorus potassium release curve graph after biodegradation of the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting obtained in example 5, and further proves that the degradable agricultural mulching film is suitable for sugarcane planting and does not pollute the environment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adding nano halloysite and N-carbonyl diimidazole into dimethyl sulfoxide, stirring, adding amino mono-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, continuing stirring, filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain a first material;
s2, adding the first material into a formaldehyde aqueous solution and saturated ammonia water, uniformly mixing, adding urea and perchloric acid oxidized starch, heating and refluxing, adding acetic acid in the refluxing process, adjusting the pH value of the system to 7.1-7.4, and continuously stirring to obtain a second material;
s3, uniformly mixing the second material and the nano-silica, adding polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, polylactic acid, etherified starch, chitosan, chelating titanate coupling agent, ground phosphate rock, fishbone powder, plant ash, sylvite, carboxymethyl cellulose, magnesium oxide, polymetaphosphate and butyl oleate, uniformly mixing, extruding and plasticizing, blow molding to form a film, cooling and shaping, and rolling to obtain the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting.
2. The preparation method of the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the nano halloysite and the N-carbonyl diimidazole are added into dimethyl sulfoxide and stirred for 2-4 hours at a stirring temperature of 90-96 ℃.
3. The preparation method of the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in S1, the weight ratio of the nano halloysite, the N-carbonyldiimidazole, the dimethyl sulfoxide and the amino mono-terminated polydimethylsiloxane is 10-20: 2-6: 120-180: 2-4.
4. The preparation method of the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the reflux time is 4-6h, and the reflux temperature is 60-70 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the concentration of the formaldehyde aqueous solution is 30-35 wt%.
6. The preparation method of the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the weight ratio of the first material, the aqueous formaldehyde solution, the saturated ammonia water, the urea, the perchloric acid oxidized starch and the acetic acid is 10-20: 100-200: 2-4: 40-60: 4-10: 2-4.
7. The preparation method of the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the weight ratio of the polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate, the polylactic acid, the etherified starch and the chitosan is 40-80: 2-10: 10-20: 2-10.
8. The preparation method of the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the weight ratio of the poly (hydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate), the second material, the ground phosphate rock, the fishbone powder, the plant ash, the sylvine salt, the nano-silica and the chelating titanate coupling agent is 40-80: 50-60: 30-40: 15-25: 15-25: 10-20: 15-25: 1-2.
9. The preparation method of the degradable agricultural mulching film for sugarcane planting according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the weight ratio of the polyhydroxybutyrate-valeric acid copolyester to the carboxymethyl cellulose to the magnesium oxide to the polymetaphosphoric acid to the butyl oleate is 40-80: 1-2: 1-3: 1-2: 1-2.
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| CN101195694A (en) * | 2007-12-22 | 2008-06-11 | 西北师范大学 | Degradable composite plastics and method for producing the same |
| WO2011034262A1 (en) * | 2009-09-21 | 2011-03-24 | (주)바이오엣 | Method for manufacturing a biodegradable agricultural mulching film for directly seeding rice, and method for directly seeding rice using the biodegradable agricultural mulching film manufactured by the method |
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