CN109168518A - A kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method reducing rice arsenic concentration - Google Patents
A kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method reducing rice arsenic concentration Download PDFInfo
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- CN109168518A CN109168518A CN201811206220.4A CN201811206220A CN109168518A CN 109168518 A CN109168518 A CN 109168518A CN 201811206220 A CN201811206220 A CN 201811206220A CN 109168518 A CN109168518 A CN 109168518A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying methods for reducing rice arsenic concentration, belong to crop heavy metal pollution prevention technique.It is characterized in that: total amount of nitrogen is 225kg/hm in As polluted soil (soil arsenic concentration is 100mg/kg, reaches 3 times or more that China eats rapid test paper arsenic in soil prohibitive content, belongs to serious pollution)2(middle level applies nitrogen, in terms of pure N), applies in two times, i.e., the 2/3 of 3 days total amount of nitrogens of Shi before rice transplants seedlings, the 1/3 of 25 days total amount of nitrogens of Shi after transplanting seedlings.Its implementation result is compared with nitrogen fertilizer applying method that is high-level, applying in three times common in rice actual production, Indica Rice arsenic content decline 57.14%, japonica rice rice arsenic content decline 60.00%, and rice yield fall it is small (long-grained nonglutinous rice decline 4.67%, japonica rice decline 3.35%).
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method for reducing rice arsenic concentration, belongs to crop heavy metal prevention and cure of pollution skill
Art.
Background technique
Nearly three during the last ten years, due to the high speed development and pesticide containing arsenic, chemical fertilizer, biological growth of industry such as digging up mine, smelting
A large amount of uses of regulator etc., the agricultural land soil of many countries and regions is all by the pollution of arsenic in the world.Product in paddy soil
Tired arsenic can be absorbed by rice root, then run to the Leaf-feeding insects of the mankind -- rice, and then human body is entered by food chain,
It constitutes a serious threat to human health.In addition, China is also energy big country, and energy resource structure is based on coal, and coal is to pollute most
The serious energy.Arsenic content may be up to 35000mg/kg in some coals, every year by about 2500 tons of coal fire discharged arsenic, these
Arsenic returns to land and waters by way of atmosphere dried wet deposition, ultimately causes soil arsenic pollution.
Arsenic has very strong toxicity, the World Health Organization (WHO), international cancer research institution (IARC), U.S.'s ring to human body
Arsenic is all classified as the carcinogen to the mankind by (USEPA) Deng Duojia authoritative institution of guarantor office.Studies have shown that being exposed to the ring of arsenic pollution
It can cause arsenic poisoning in border, the function of a variety of organs of human body and system is damaged, causes disease, as its clinical manifestation has height
Blood pressure, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, neuropathy, diabetes, skin pigment metabolic disorder and skin keratin etc., and can finally develop
For the canceration of a variety of organs such as cutaneum carcinoma, bladder cancer and kidney, liver.
China is that mining, smelting and agricultural production big country, arsenic minerals are distributed in Central-South and southwestern multiple provinces, cities and regions of China, by
In the exploitation or smelting that produce containing arsenic minerals, paddy soil, rice plant and the rice in many areas are all dirty by different degrees of arsenic
Dye.Such as Hunan Changning county, soil arsenic content reaches 92-840mg/kg, and pollution has reached serious pollution rank.In Hubei, have
More than 8000hm2Rice field by arsenic pollution, arsenic concentration is up to 0.725mg/kg in the paddy rice seed of part, also has reached weight
Spend levels of contamination.In recent years, since arsenic pollution and arsenic poisoning event are multiple so that soil and agricultural product arsenic pollution problem increasingly by
To the great attention of environmentalist and the public.
Rice is the most important cereal crops in China, and most people especially flow in populous the Changjiang river using rice as staple food
Domain and areas to the south.It was found that arsenic can enter human body through food chain by rice straw and rice, brought directly to human health
It connects or indirectly endangers.Arsenic in rice grain is the main source of rice staple food area human body arsenic, the tribute to the exposure of human body arsenic
It offers and is greater than drinking water.Therefore, the arsenic pollution for preventing and treating rice field and rice, it is extremely important to the health for ensureing our people.
The arsenic pollution area in rice field, the arsenic content in rice grain not only will receive soil pollution situation and rice varieties
It influences, also suffers from the influence of cultivation technique.During paddy growth, the agronomic measures such as fertilising, water management can change soil
The physical and chemical situation of earth and the upgrowth situation of rice, thus the existence of arsenic and the validity to plant in soil can be changed, shadow
Absorption and distribution of Xiangshui County rice to arsenic.Absorption and migration of the different rice field amount of nitrogens and method of administration to arsenic in rice plant
Have different influences.But in terms of the influence of the fertilizing standards of nitrogenous fertilizer and method of administration to rice arsenic content, also lack very much
Weary research.
The present invention discloses a kind of nitrogen application side for reducing rice arsenic concentration on the basis of applicant studies for many years
The arsenic content of rice can be greatly lowered in method, and the influence amplitude to rice yield is little.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: a kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method for reducing rice arsenic concentration is provided, it can be with
The arsenic content of rice in As polluted soil is greatly lowered, and rice yield fall is small.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of nitrogen application side reducing rice arsenic concentration
Method, it is characterized in that: (soil arsenic concentration is 100mg/kg, reaches China and eats rapid test paper arsenic in soil in As polluted soil
3 times or more of prohibitive content belong to serious pollution), total amount of nitrogen is 225kg/hm2(middle level applies nitrogen, in terms of pure N), in two times
Application, i.e., the 2/3 of 3 days total amount of nitrogens of Shi before rice transplants seedlings, the 1/3 of 25 days total amount of nitrogens of Shi after transplanting seedlings.Before applying nitrogen first
Rice field is filled into pellicular water (3-5cm), nitrogenous fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields into rice field, allow water layer fall naturally it is dry after pour water again.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the arsenic of rice can be greatly lowered after rice field severe arsenic pollution area is implemented
Content, and rice yield fall is small.(total amount of nitrogen is 300kg/ with high level common in rice actual production
hm2), the nitrogen fertilizer applying method applied in three times compare, big (the long-grained nonglutinous rice decline 57.14%, under japonica rice of rice arsenic content fall
Drop 60.00%) (be shown in Table 1), and rice yield fall it is small (long-grained nonglutinous rice decline 4.67%, japonica rice decline 3.35%) (is shown in Table
2).In soil severe arsenic pollution area, (soil arsenic content is 100mg/kg, reaches China and eats rapid test paper soil arsenic content
3 times or more of limit value), by the implementation of this application art solutions, the arsenic content of rice can be controlled in national health mark
Quasi- limit value (0.2mg/kg, GB2762-2012) is hereinafter, threat of the rice arsenic pollution to human health can be eliminated.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method reducing rice arsenic concentration, within the entire Rice Production period, always
Amount of nitrogen is 225kg/hm2(middle level applies nitrogen, in terms of pure N) converts into 15kg per acre.It applies, i.e., is planted respectively in rice in two times
Before seedling 3 days total amount of nitrogens of Shi 2/3, after transplanting seedlings 25 days total amount of nitrogens of Shi 1/3.Since the nitrogen content of different nitrogen fertilizers has
Difference will calculate specific dose according to the leaded wastewater of specific fertilizer variety when applying nitrogen.Rice field is first filled into pellicular water before applying nitrogen
(3-5cm) uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields nitrogenous fertilizer into rice field, allow water layer fall naturally it is dry after pour water again, water layer fall it is dry before not drain.
Further prove that severe As polluted soil semilate rice can be greatly lowered in the present embodiment below by the mode of list
The arsenic content of rice, and rice yield fall is small.Data are 100mg/kg, reach China's food in soil arsenic content in table
With what is obtained under the conditions of 3 times or more (belonging to serious pollution) of rapid test paper arsenic in soil prohibitive content, other management measures press water
Rice production is conventional to be carried out.
The rice arsenic content of the different nitrogen amount applieds of table 1 and N application method compares (unit: mg/kg)
One-time use: all nitrogenous fertilizer 3 days one-time uses before rice transplants seedlings.
It applies in two times: the 2/3 of 3 days total amount of nitrogens of Shi before rice transplants seedlings, 25 days total amount of nitrogens of Shi after rice transplants seedlings
1/3.Apply in three times, respectively 3 days before rice transplants seedlings, 25 days after transplanting seedlings, heading first 5 days each total amount of nitrogens of Shi 1/3.
The rice yield of the different nitrogen amount applieds of table 2 and N application method compares (unit: kg/hm2)
In terms of nitrogen amount applied and N application method two, Tables 1 and 2 analyze visible:
(1) it is analyzed from nitrogen amount applied
Under different nitrogen amount applieds, the arsenic content and rice yield of rice have different variations.With regard to the arsenic content of rice
For, nitrogen amount applied is higher, and the arsenic content of rice is higher.Under the conditions of high level applies nitrogen, the rice arsenic content of long-grained nonglutinous rice and japonica rice
All more than state health standards limit value；Under the conditions of middle level applies nitrogen, the rice arsenic content part of long-grained nonglutinous rice and japonica rice is more than state
Family's sanitary standard limit value；Under the conditions of low-level applies nitrogen, the rice arsenic content of long-grained nonglutinous rice can exceed that state health standards limit value；?
Under the conditions of not applying nitrogen, the rice arsenic content of long-grained nonglutinous rice and japonica rice is entirely below state health standards limit value.For rice yield, no
With the sequence under nitrogen amount applied are as follows: high level apply nitrogen > in level apply nitrogen > low-level applies nitrogen > and do not apply nitrogen.
(2) it is analyzed from N application method
In different N application methods, the sequence of rice grain arsenic content is basic are as follows: apply in three times nitrogen > apply in two times nitrogen >
Disposably apply nitrogen, and the sequence of rice yield are as follows: nitrogen > applying nitrogen in two times > is applied in three times disposably applies nitrogen.Nitrogen is applied in three times
Long-grained nonglutinous rice and japonica rice rice arsenic content can easily exceed state health standards limit value, and apply the long-grained nonglutinous rice and japonica rice rice arsenic of nitrogen in two times
Content only just can be more than state health standards limit value under the conditions of high level applies nitrogen.
The influence of nitrogen amount applied and N application method to rice arsenic content and rice yield is integrated, level is applied nitrogen, divided in selection
The arsenic content of rice can be greatly lowered in the N application method of secondary application, and the arsenic content of rice is controlled in national health mark
Quasi- limit value (0.2mg/kg, GB2762-2012) hereinafter, also can guarantee rice yield fall it is small (fall control 5%
Within).
Claims (1)
1. a kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method for reducing rice arsenic concentration, (soil arsenic concentration is it is characterized in that: in As polluted soil
100mg/kg reaches 3 times or more that China eats rapid test paper arsenic in soil prohibitive content, belongs to serious pollution), total amount of nitrogen is
225kg/hm2(middle level applies nitrogen, in terms of pure N), applies in two times, i.e., the 2/3 of 3 days total amount of nitrogens of Shi before rice transplants seedlings,
The 1/3 of 25 days total amount of nitrogens of Shi after transplanting seedlings.
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| CN201811206220.4A CN109168518A (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2018-10-17 | A kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method reducing rice arsenic concentration |
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| CN201811206220.4A CN109168518A (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2018-10-17 | A kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method reducing rice arsenic concentration |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102356739A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-02-22 | 长沙三元农业科技有限公司 | Method for reducing pollution caused by heavy metals including arsenic, lead, cadmium and mercury in paddy rice |
| CN103444477A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-18 | 吴洁远 | Super rice strengthening and harm control cultivation method based on prevention and control of diseases, insects, lodging and pollution |
| CN103493641A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2014-01-08 | 常州大学 | Rice field nitrogenous fertilizer application method capable of reducing cadmium content of rice grain |
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| CN104255155A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-01-07 | 常州大学 | Silicon application method for reducing lead concentration of rice in rice field with severe lead contamination |
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| CN105612848A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-01 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for reducing content of cadmium and arsenic of rice |
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2018
- 2018-10-17 CN CN201811206220.4A patent/CN109168518A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102356739A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-02-22 | 长沙三元农业科技有限公司 | Method for reducing pollution caused by heavy metals including arsenic, lead, cadmium and mercury in paddy rice |
| CN103493641A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2014-01-08 | 常州大学 | Rice field nitrogenous fertilizer application method capable of reducing cadmium content of rice grain |
| CN103444477A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-18 | 吴洁远 | Super rice strengthening and harm control cultivation method based on prevention and control of diseases, insects, lodging and pollution |
| CN104255392A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-01-07 | 常州大学 | Irrigation method for reducing arsenic concentration of rice in fields with severe arsenic pollution |
| CN104255155A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-01-07 | 常州大学 | Silicon application method for reducing lead concentration of rice in rice field with severe lead contamination |
| CN105027787A (en) * | 2015-08-16 | 2015-11-11 | 常州大学 | Nitrogen application method capable of lowering lead concentration of rice in severe lead polluted rice field |
| CN105612848A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-01 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for reducing content of cadmium and arsenic of rice |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 马丹蕊: "不同氮肥用量对砷胁迫下水稻生长代谢、产量及氮和砷吸收累积的影响", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库农业科技辑》 * |
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