CN109161836B - Preparation method of thermal spraying porous ceramic coating - Google Patents
Preparation method of thermal spraying porous ceramic coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN109161836B CN109161836B CN201811004640.4A CN201811004640A CN109161836B CN 109161836 B CN109161836 B CN 109161836B CN 201811004640 A CN201811004640 A CN 201811004640A CN 109161836 B CN109161836 B CN 109161836B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/073—Metallic material containing MCrAl or MCrAlY alloys, where M is nickel, cobalt or iron, with or without non-metal elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/129—Flame spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a thermal spraying porous ceramic coating, belonging to the field of thermal spraying ceramic composite materials. Firstly preparing a bonding layer by supersonic flame spraying, respectively feeding mixed powder of a high-temperature stabilizer and an antiperspirant and a coolant into two powder feeders, carrying out thermal spraying on the surface of a substrate sprayed with the bonding layer to obtain a ceramic coating, and carrying out thermal treatment on the ceramic coating to obtain a thermal spraying porous ceramic coating material; in the method, the high-melting-point ceramic material forms a frame of the coating, loads and impacts are borne in the service process of the coating, the low-melting-point coolant and the sweat-producing agent are uniformly distributed in the frame of the ceramic material and are separated out in a gas form in the heat treatment process to form holes; the porous ceramic coating prepared by the invention has controllable pore size, mechanical property and surface state, and can obtain porous ceramic coatings with different thicknesses according to requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a thermal spraying porous ceramic coating, belonging to the field of thermal spraying ceramic coating materials.
Background
The porous ceramic material has excellent performances of low density, high specific surface area, low thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and the like, is widely applied to the fields of metallurgy, chemical engineering, biology and the like, and is widely applied to the aspects of gas liquid filtration, purification, separation, chemical engineering catalytic carriers, sound absorption and shock absorption, heat insulation materials, biological implantation materials, special wall materials, sensor materials and the like.
The traditional preparation method of the porous material can be divided into the following steps: 1. the extrusion molding method can only produce porous materials with the thickness of more than 1mm, cannot produce ceramic porous materials with the thickness of less than 1mm, cannot mold materials with complex pore channels, has higher requirements on the plasticity of the materials, and cannot produce porous materials with higher hardness. 2. The particle stacking pore-forming process has high cost and low porosity. 3. The pore-forming agent adding process has poor pore distribution uniformity and is not suitable for preparing products with high porosity. 4. The porous ceramic prepared by the sol-gel process has extremely narrow spatial distribution range.
In view of the disadvantages or shortcomings of the above technologies, a method with low cost and simple process is needed to prepare a ceramic porous coating with high hardness and strength to make up the disadvantages of the above technologies and prolong the service life of the ceramic coating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a thermal spraying porous ceramic coating, which comprises the following steps:
(1) roughening and cleaning the surface of the substrate, and then conveying the binder into a powder feeder to spray (such as supersonic flame spraying technology) a bonding layer on the surface to be sprayed of the substrate;
(2) uniformly mixing a high-temperature stabilizer and a sweating agent to obtain mixed powder, respectively feeding the obtained mixed powder and a coolant into two powder feeders, performing thermal spraying on the surface of a substrate sprayed with a bonding layer to obtain a ceramic coating, and performing thermal treatment on the ceramic coating to obtain a thermal spraying porous ceramic coating material;
the weight parts of the raw materials in the steps (1) and (2) are as follows: 50-60 parts of high-temperature stabilizer, 20-30 parts of binder, 5-20 parts of coolant and 5-10 parts of antiperspirant.
Preferably, the high-temperature stabilizer of the invention is YSZ and 40% TiO2+Al2O3（AT40）、SiC、TiB2One, two or more of the powders are mixed according to any proportion to obtain mixed powder, and the mixed powder is sieved by a 325-mesh mechanical vibrating screen.
Preferably, the binder is one of NiCoCrAl powder, NiCrAl powder and CoCrAl powder, and the powder is sieved by a 325-mesh mechanical vibrating screen.
Preferably, the coolant is one of Mg, Cu and Al powder, and the powder is sieved by a 325-mesh mechanical vibrating screen.
Preferably, the antiperspirant is one of Pb, Sn, Li and Zn powder coated with copper, and the powder is sieved by a 325-mesh mechanical vibrating screen.
Preferably, the heat treatment in step (2) of the invention is carried out under the conditions of a temperature rise rate and a temperature drop rate of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained for 60min in an argon protection environment at 700-1100 ℃.
The method comprises the following steps: roughening and cleaning the surface of the substrate (carrying out sandblasting roughening treatment on the surface of the substrate, and then cleaning the sandblasted surface by using dry air, wherein the sand grain material used in the sandblasting roughening process is zirconium corundum, white corundum or brown corundum, the granularity of the sand grain material is 15-30 mu m), the bonding layer is sprayed on the surface to be sprayed of the substrate by using a supersonic flame spraying technology, and the hot spraying (plasma spraying, supersonic flame spraying and the like) technologies are conventional technologies in the field.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method has the advantages of controllable pore size, mechanical property, surface state, simple process, low cost and high porosity.
(2) The method adopts specific raw materials in the thermal spraying process, so that the ceramic coating can remove low-melting-point coolant and sweat agent which are uniformly distributed in the coating during thermal treatment to obtain the thermal spraying porous ceramic coating material, the coating can reduce the weight of the coating, and when the coating is used on the surface of a friction pair material, conditions can be provided for lubricating and storing oil, the friction coefficient is further reduced, the abrasion loss is reduced, and the abrasion resistance of the coating is improved; when used in high temperature materials, the porous coating can act as an air barrier, reducing heat transfer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a thermal spraying porous ceramic coating specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out sandblasting rough treatment on the surface of the base material, and then cleaning the sandblasting surface by using dry air, wherein the sand grain material used in the sandblasting rough process is zirconia corundum, and the granularity of the zirconia corundum is 15-30 microns.
(2) Weighing 60g of YSZ powder, 20g of NiCoCrAl powder, 10g of Mg and 10g of copper-clad Mg powder; the material is crushed by a mechanical ball milling method and sieved by a 325-mesh mechanical vibrating screen.
(3) And (3) fully mixing 60g of YSZ (yttrium stabilized zirconia) powder prepared in the step (2) and 10g of copper-coated Li powder.
(4) And (3) feeding the NiCoCrAl powder obtained in the step (2) into a powder feeder, and spraying the supersonic flame on the surface of the base material obtained in the step (1) to spray the bonding layer.
(5) Setting parameters of plasma spraying equipment, putting 10g of Mg powder obtained in the step (2) into one powder feeder, putting the powder prepared in the step (3) into the other powder feeder, and setting the parameters of the plasma spraying equipment (spraying distance is 18mm, power is 120kW, Ar flow is 100L/min, N2The flow rate is 200L/min; h2And (4) carrying out coating spraying on the surface of the substrate obtained in the step (4) by using a plasma spraying device, wherein the flow rate is 10L/min, and the powder feeding voltage is 18V), so that the thermal spraying sweating ceramic coating is obtained on the surface of the substrate.
(6) And (3) carrying out 700 ℃ heat treatment on the sweating ceramic coating obtained in the step (5) for 1 hour, wherein the heating rate and the cooling rate are 10 ℃/min, and then obtaining the thermal spraying porous ceramic coating material.
Example 2
A preparation method of a thermal spraying porous ceramic coating specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out sandblasting rough treatment on the surface of the base material, and then cleaning the sandblasting surface by using dry air, wherein the sand grain material used in the sandblasting rough process is zirconia corundum, and the granularity of the zirconia corundum is 15-30 microns.
(2) 50gAT40 powder, 30g NiCrAl powder, 12g Cu powder, 8g copper-clad Sn powder were weighed. The material is crushed by a mechanical ball milling method and sieved by a 325-mesh mechanical vibrating screen.
(3) And (3) fully mixing the 50gAT40 powder prepared in the step (2) with 8g of copper-clad Sn powder.
(4) And (3) feeding the NiCrAl powder obtained in the step (2) into a powder feeder, and spraying a bonding layer on the surface of the base material obtained in the step (1) by using supersonic flame spraying.
(5) Setting parameters of plasma spraying equipment, putting 12g of Cu powder obtained in the step (2) into a powder feeder, and putting the step (3)Placing the powder into another powder feeder, and setting parameters of plasma spraying equipment (spraying distance is 22 mm; power is 180 kW; Ar flow is 150L/min; N2The flow rate is 300L/min; h2The flow rate is 20L/min, and the powder feeding voltage is 18V. ) And (4) performing coating spraying on the surface of the substrate obtained in the step (4) by using plasma spraying equipment, and obtaining a thermal spraying sweating ceramic coating on the surface of the substrate.
(6) And (4) carrying out 1100 ℃ heat treatment on the sweating ceramic coating obtained in the step (5) for 1 hour, wherein the heating rate and the cooling rate are 10 ℃/min, and then obtaining the thermal spraying porous ceramic coating material.
Example 3
A preparation method of a thermal spraying porous ceramic coating specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out sandblasting rough treatment on the surface of the base material, and then cleaning the sandblasting surface by using dry air, wherein the sand grain material used in the sandblasting rough process is zirconia corundum, and the granularity of the zirconia corundum is 15-30 microns.
(2) Weighing 50g of SiC powder, 25g of CoCrAl powder, 20g of Al powder and 5g of copper-coated Pb powder. The material is crushed by a mechanical ball milling method and sieved by a 325-mesh mechanical vibrating screen.
(3) And (3) fully mixing 50g of SiC powder prepared in the step (2) with 5g of copper-coated Pb powder.
(4) And (3) feeding the CoCrAl powder obtained in the step (2) into a powder feeder, and spraying the surface of the base material obtained in the step (1) by using supersonic flame to spray the bonding layer.
(5) Setting parameters of plasma spraying equipment, putting 20g of Al powder obtained in the step (2) into one powder feeder, putting the powder prepared in the step (3) into the other powder feeder, and setting the parameters of the plasma spraying equipment (spraying distance is 20mm, power is 150kW, Ar flow rate is 120L/min, N is2The flow rate is 260L/min; h2The flow rate is 15L/min, and the powder feeding voltage is 18V. ) And (4) performing coating spraying on the surface of the substrate obtained in the step (4) by using plasma spraying equipment, and obtaining a thermal spraying sweating ceramic coating on the surface of the substrate.
(6) And (4) carrying out 1000 ℃ heat treatment on the sweating ceramic coating obtained in the step (5) for 1 hour, wherein the heating rate and the cooling rate are 10 ℃/min, and then obtaining the thermal spraying porous ceramic coating material.
Example 4
A preparation method of a thermal spraying porous ceramic coating specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out sandblasting rough treatment on the surface of the base material, and then cleaning the sandblasting surface by using dry air, wherein the sand grain material used in the sandblasting rough process is zirconia corundum, and the granularity of the zirconia corundum is 15-30 microns.
(2) 25g of TiB are weighed2And 30g of SiC powder, 30g of CoCrAl powder, 5g of Cu powder and 10g of copper-coated Zn powder, crushing the materials by using a mechanical ball milling method, and sieving the crushed materials by using a 325-mesh mechanical vibrating screen.
(3) 25g of TiB prepared in the step (2)2And 30g of SiC powder was thoroughly mixed with 10g of copper-coated Zn powder.
(4) And (3) feeding the CoCrAl powder obtained in the step (2) into a powder feeder, and spraying the surface of the base material obtained in the step (1) by using supersonic flame to spray the bonding layer.
(5) Setting parameters of plasma spraying equipment, putting 5g of Cu powder obtained in the step (2) into one powder feeder, putting the powder prepared in the step (3) into the other powder feeder, and setting the parameters of the plasma spraying equipment (spraying distance is 19mm, power is 16kW, Ar flow is 140L/min, N is2The flow rate is 270L/min; h2The flow rate is 16L/min, the powder feeding voltage is 18V), coating spraying is carried out on the surface of the substrate obtained in the step (4) by using plasma spraying equipment, and the thermal spraying sweating ceramic coating is obtained on the surface of the substrate.
(6) And (4) carrying out 1100 ℃ heat treatment on the sweating ceramic coating obtained in the step (5) for 1 hour, wherein the heating rate and the cooling rate are 10 ℃/min, and then obtaining the thermal spraying porous ceramic coating material.
Table 1 shows data of index tests of porosity, hardness and the like performed on the thermal spray porous ceramic coatings obtained in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and the ceramic coatings prepared by the corresponding conventional methods, and it can be seen from the table that the hardness of the thermal spray porous ceramic coatings and the ceramic coatings prepared by the conventional methods do not change much, the porosity is increased to a relatively large extent, and it can be seen that the porosity in the examples can be adjusted by controlling the contents of the coolant and the antiperspirant, and the higher the contents of the coolant and the antiperspirant, the greater the porosity; the embodiment shows that the mechanical property, the surface state and the porosity of the porous ceramic coating are controllable.
TABLE 1
The above examples are only part of the application examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the examples, and any method or process similar to the above methods or processes to achieve the technical effects of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a thermal spraying porous ceramic coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) roughening and cleaning the surface of the matrix, and then conveying the binder into a powder feeder to spray a bonding layer on the surface to be sprayed of the matrix;
(2) mixing a high-temperature stabilizer and a sweat agent uniformly to obtain mixed powder, respectively feeding the obtained mixed powder and a coolant into two powder feeders, performing thermal spraying on the surface of a substrate sprayed with a bonding layer to obtain a ceramic coating, and performing thermal treatment on the ceramic coating to obtain a thermal spraying porous ceramic coating material, wherein the thermal treatment temperature is as follows: 700 ℃ and 1100 ℃;
the weight parts of the raw materials in the steps (1) and (2) are as follows: 50-60 parts of high-temperature stabilizer, 20-30 parts of binder, 5-20 parts of coolant and 5-10 parts of antiperspirant;
the high-temperature stabilizer is YSZ and 40 percent of TiO2+Al2O3、SiC、TiB2One, two or more of the powders are mixed according to any proportion to obtain mixed powder;
the coolant is one of Mg, Cu and Al powder;
the antiperspirant is one of Pb, Sn, Li and Zn powder coated with copper.
2. The method of preparing a thermally sprayed porous ceramic coating of claim 1, comprising: the high temperature stabilizer, the coolant and the antiperspirant powder are sieved by a 325-mesh mechanical vibrating screen.
3. The method of preparing a thermally sprayed porous ceramic coating of claim 1, comprising: the binder is one of NiCoCrAl powder, NiCrAl powder and CoCrAl powder, and the powder passes through a 325-mesh mechanical vibrating screen.
4. The method of preparing a thermally sprayed porous ceramic coating of claim 1, comprising: the conditions of the heat treatment in the step (2): the temperature rising speed and the temperature reducing speed are 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 60min in an argon protection environment.
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| CN114481002A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-13 | 上海交通大学包头材料研究院 | Method for preparing anti-oxidation coating by high-speed gas flame spraying |
| CN114892119B (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2023-09-29 | 无锡市新达共创纳米科技有限公司 | Mechanical end face sealing composite ceramic spraying process |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1083791A (en) * | 1963-08-22 | 1967-09-20 | Avco Corp | Flame-spraying wire and method of making such wire |
| CN107761035A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-03-06 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat and preparation method thereof completely |
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| US8703234B2 (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2014-04-22 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Cold sprayed and heat treated coating for magnesium |
| CN105603356B (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2018-09-04 | 西安交通大学 | High bond strength and cohesive strength metal coating and thermal spraying preparation method and application |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1083791A (en) * | 1963-08-22 | 1967-09-20 | Avco Corp | Flame-spraying wire and method of making such wire |
| CN107761035A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-03-06 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat and preparation method thereof completely |
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