CN107761035A - A kind of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat and preparation method thereof completely - Google Patents
A kind of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat and preparation method thereof completely Download PDFInfo
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- CN107761035A CN107761035A CN201711087003.3A CN201711087003A CN107761035A CN 107761035 A CN107761035 A CN 107761035A CN 201711087003 A CN201711087003 A CN 201711087003A CN 107761035 A CN107761035 A CN 107761035A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/129—Flame spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
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Abstract
The corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat and preparation method thereof completely of one kind disclosed by the invention, belongs to sprayed on material preparing technical field.Technical scheme includes：First, the metal alloy coating for being well combined and being well combined between deposited particles interface using the composite metal powder preparation high compaction and matrix of higher melt clad metal structure of the heat spraying method spraying with self-adhesive effect；Secondly, to above-mentioned compact metal alloy coat, high speed shot particle beam stream with directive property is produced using cold spray-coating method or traditional grain-blasting method, sprayed with certain relative shifting speed to coating surface, the metal coating is densified based on plastic deformation effect caused by high velocity particle collision, prepares the complete compact metal alloy coat of the class casting block with excellent anticorrosive performance.This method is simple to operate, and raw material sources are wide, and preparation efficiency is high, and the consistency with excellent anticorrosive performance can be prepared close to the metal alloy coating of block through this method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sprayed on material preparing technical field, is related to material surface engineering technolog and is protected with machine-building, material
The fields such as shield, petrochemical industry and the energy, and in particular to a kind of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat and its system completely
Preparation Method.
Background technology
The corrosion of metal alloy parts is an important factor for limiting its service life.Therefore, many researchs are directed to carrying
The decay resistance of high metal parts.It has been generally acknowledged that one layer of guarantor is deposited in the base metal surface for meeting structural bearing performance
Shield coating is the effective way for improving parent metal decay resistance.For cathodic protection coatings, coating can be used as base
Effective barrier that body metal is isolated with corrosive environment and hinder or slow down the corrosion of parent metal.Therefore, had fully dense
Institutional framework is the exclusive requirement to cathodic protection coatings, because any defect in coating, such as hole, particularly from coating table
Face UNICOM can provide through coating for corrosive medium to coating and the insertion hole of basal body interface and reach the logical of base metal surface
Road, cause or accelerate the corrosion of parent metal in interface so that the protecting effect failure of protective coating.
As one of Common surface technology that protective coating is prepared on matrix, thermal spraying due to series of advantages and
Occupy big occupation rate of market in Surface Engineering.For example, thermal spraying can be substituted due to environmentally friendly free of contamination feature
Electroplating deposition hard chrome coating；Due to that can implement coating preparation at the scene, spray-on coating is prepared not by matrix material size and place
Limitation, such as firepower electrical plant is in existing large-sized structural parts surface prepares coating at the scene；And because powder can be used in thermal spraying
Last prepares coating, material ranges are extensive, and thermal spray metal alloy coat is because selectable metal material material is extensive, in thermal spraying
There is significant proportion in application field.Such as plasma spraying Ni bases, Fe bases and Co based alloys coating are due to excellent resistance to
High-temperature oxydation and decay resistance and be widely used in protecting boiler tubing, the component such as turbine blade.However, research shows heat
Spray-on coating has typical porous laminated design feature, and because the combination between deposited particles interface in coating is incomplete,
A large amount of interfaces not combined really between particle generally be present, it is special in coating that these uncombined particle interfaces constitute
The hole of a kind of slit, the mutual UNICOM of such hole, formed from coating surface always UNICOM to matrix surface insertion hole.
This kind of hole is the infiltration of liquid type or gas corrosive medium or penetrates and provide transmission channel so that above-mentioned corrosive medium is complete
Matrix can easily be reached entirely with coating interface, causing the corrosion of matrix, the chemical state based on interface, generally can also accelerate
Corrosion of the matrix along interface.The constantly gradual reduction interface cohesion of corrosion, ultimately results in coating from matrix surface partially or fully
Come off, coating shielding failure so that matrix loses protection.Therefore, how by improving the interface of thermal spray metal alloy coat
Between combine or eliminate insertion hole and turn into and ensure the key issue protected by thermal spray metal alloy coat of matrix.
In order to solve the above problems, many researchs are directed to reducing the porosity of coating first, improve hot-spraying coating
Consistency.Common method mainly has following several：Such as flown by optimizing spray parameters to improve the temperature of impingment particle, improve
Row particle rapidity etc..And although research shows by process optimization, the apparent porosity of coating can be reduced, optimize technique
Method combines between can not all increasing substantially thermal spray metal alloy coat interface, so that only by heat spraying method itself still not
The insertion hole in coating can be eliminated.
Based on above-mentioned present situation, ensure coating to base for the burn into for obtaining penetrating for corrosive medium of prevention and avoid matrix
This requirement of the corrosion protection of body, generally or using hole sealing agent to coating carry out sealing of hole or coating progress re melting process is disappeared
Except hole.Sealing pores need the hole that hole sealing agent penetrated into coating under capillarity and realize the effect of sealing of hole, but
When scene carries out sealing pores to structural member, or because that can not exclude the gas in coating or be influenceed by hole sealing agent viscosity
All holes in coating can not be filled with hole sealing agent, therefore, only enclose the hole of near surface in most cases, for
The industrial and mineral of corrosion and abrasion simultaneously be present, with the progress of abrasion, sealing effect fades away and loses sealing of hole effect.For coating
Re melting process, it is typically self-fluxing alloy coating material series using example, after spray-on coating is formed or in spraying process
In, coating is completely melt using flame and eliminates hole, while assigns the metallurgical binding effect of coating and matrix.However, one
Aspect this method is only applicable to self-fluxing alloy material coating, as nickel-based self-fluxing alloy or Fe-based self-fluxing alloy or cobalt-based fuse certainly
Gold etc., on the other hand, thickness coatings of the thickness more than 500 microns and less than 1 millimeter are commonly available to, and are not suitable for shape simultaneously
Shape complicated structural member or the larger-size field conduct of structural member.
Therefore, how by simplicity aftertreatment technology and with broad applicability technique obtain have no through hole
The metal alloy coating of the only block consistency of gap, it is still and the painting with excellent anticorrosive performance is prepared by hot-spraying technique
Layer and the key issue that solves of effective reliably protecting needs for apply, realizing parent metal material.
The content of the invention
The defects of in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art to exist, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of corrosion resistant cause completely
Close thermal spray metal alloy coat and preparation method thereof, this method is simple to operate, and raw material sources are wide, preparation efficiency original text, through the party
The consistency with excellent anticorrosive performance can be prepared close to the metal alloy coating of block in method.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions：
It is including following the invention discloses a kind of preparation method of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat completely
Step：
1) it is made using the core-shell structure covered composite yarn powder with self-adhesive effect as thermal spray feedstock powder, thermal spraying
Compact metal alloy coat；The compact metal alloy coat and matrix are well combined and are well combined between deposited particles interface；
2) the high speed shot injection particle line with directive property is produced using Spray gun for cold spray or traditional ball blasting method,
Compact metal alloy coat surface is sprayed to certain relative shifting speed, based on plastic deformation effect caused by high velocity particle collision
The metal coating is densified, a small amount of micro-pore in coating is completely eliminated, and based on caused by particles collision deformation
Cold-welding effect, make it is existing between deposited particles be not completely combined interface and form firm connection, be sequentially prepared without insertion hole
The complete compact metal alloy coat of class casting block with excellent anticorrosive performance.
Preferably, the core-shell structure covered composite yarn powder with self-adhesive effect, refers to have in spraying process
Clad does not separate with being wrapped by core particle and can keep the shell core of overall integrity before particle is completely melt
Structure composite powder particle；Wherein, the fusing point as coating layer material is more than the fusing point for being wrapped by core material, prepared by thermal spraying
Coating and matrix bond strength and particle between bond strength it is sufficiently high, when using high speed shot carry out spray treatment
When, coating does not occur or erosion or local shedding or the phenomenon that integrally comes off.Wherein, shell is accounted for as clad or shell sections
The 3%~35% of nuclear structure covered composite yarn powder gross mass.
It is further preferred that the core-shell structure covered composite yarn powder with self-adhesive effect, including：It is described to have certainly
The core-shell structure covered composite yarn powder of anchoring effect, including：
Using refractory metal Mo cladding Ni, Ni based alloy, Fe or Fe base alloy powders；Or
Using two or three of alloy-coated Ni, Ni base alloy powder, Fe, Fe based alloy in refractory metal Ta, Mo and W
Powder, Cu or Cu alloy powders；Or
Al or Al alloy powders are coated using Fe；Or
Using Al, Cu, Al alloy or Cu alloy powders cladding Zn or Zn alloy powders.
Preferably, the thermal spraying uses plasma spraying method or flame spraying；Wherein, plasma spraying method includes
Air plasma spraying method, gas hood protection plasma spraying method, low-voltage plasma spraying method or vacuum plasma spray coating method.
Preferably, in step 2), high speed shot injection particle uses particle size range as 100~300 μm of spherical stainless steel
Particle.It is further preferred that spherical stainless steel particle be austenite stainless steel particles, martensitic stain less steel particle, ferrite not
Become rusty steel particles or two-phase stainless steel particles.
Preferably, in step 2), cold spray apparatus or shot accelerator is used to produce speed as 30m/s~300m/s's
Shot sprays particle line, and shot collides in matrix surface successively during shot injection particle line is adapted to move along the surface, can
Coating is deformed to be densified cold welding Treatment Effects.
The device for accelerating shot is the accelerator of shot feed amount controllable adjustable, or using cold spray apparatus, or
It is the particle acceleration devices used using sand blasted surface processing is carried out, or shot acceleration is carried out used in other beads
Device.
Preferably, in step 2), using pressure-air or nitrogen as accelerating gas, gas pressure is 0.3~4MPa, gas
Temperature is 15 DEG C~200 DEG C；
Spray gun translational speed is 10mm~500mm/s in spraying process, and spraying number is 1~10 time, is joined by shot-peening
Array is closed so that the micro-pore in whole coating is completely eliminated.
The invention also discloses based on complete fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat, the metal made from above-mentioned preparation method
The consistency of alloy coat is high, and oxide content is low, no insertion hole, between coating and matrix, binding ability between coating particle
It is excellent.
Preferably, the metal alloy coating and matrix are well combined, are completely fine and close, without insertion hole, thickness from 50 μm to
400 μm, liquid can be prevented to be infiltrated with gaseous state corrosive medium from coating surface or penetrate coating completely, using the coating as negative electrode
Protective coating, completely isolated corrosive medium can be played and complete corrosion-resistant protection is formed to matrix.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has technique effect beneficial below：
The preparation method of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat completely disclosed by the invention, using two-step method system
It is standby, first using the core-shell structure covered composite yarn powder with self-adhesive effect as thermal spray feedstock powder, when the powder exists
When being heated in thermal spraying thermal source, because the cladding of shell refractory metal inhibits the element on core low-melting point metal alloy surface
Evaporate and increase substantially the heating-up temperature of molten drop, formed so as to produce fusing surface layer when the molten drop collides matrix
The self-adhesive effect of metallurgy connection, and then prepare the metal alloy coating of high-compactness.Secondly high speed shot particle beam is utilized
Flow and shot-peening densification is carried out so that a small amount of micro-pore in coating is completely eliminated to hot-spraying coating prepared by the first step, from
And prepare metal alloy coating with nearly block, complete fully dense and that complete corrosion-resistant protection can be provided for matrix.The party
The it is proposed of method is well combined between preparation interface insoluble so far, complete fully dense corrosion resistant high-performance metal closes
The problem of gold plating provides New Solution.
Through metal alloy coating made from the inventive method, with the typical layer structure of conventional thermal spray metal alloy coating
And Percentage bound is compared between very limited amount of interface, the metal alloy coating prepared using the two-step method has complete fine and close class block
Institutional framework, the apparent porosity of coating is only 0.04%, and applies interlayer major part surface chemistry and combine, and its bond strength is high
In the 70MPa of adhesive intensity.Due to the presence without insertion hole in coating, coating is shown to the complete corrosion-resistant guarantor of matrix
Shield.Due between the interface of coating combine on its various performance have significantly affect, therefore the coating show it is suitable with block
Various performances, such as abrasion resistance properties.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the section structure and surface topography for the core-shell structure NiCr-20Mo composite powders that Mo coats NiCr；Wherein,
(a) it is NiCr-20Mo powder section structure (low power)；(b) it is NiCr-20Mo powder section structure (high power)；(c) it is NiCr-
20Mo powder surface topographies；
Fig. 2 is the fractography structure of Ni16Cr20Mo coatings prepared by plasma spraying NiCr-20Mo powder；Wherein,
(a) it is plasma spraying Ni16Cr20Mo coatings section structure (low power)；(b) it is plasma spraying Ni16Cr20Mo coating sections
Structure (high power)；
Fig. 3 is the boundary of Ni16Cr20Mo single particles prepared by plasma spraying NiCr-20Mo powder and stainless steel base
Covering weave structure；
Fig. 4 is to be applied using cold spray apparatus as the Ni16Cr20Mo after accelerating shot equipment injection collision densification
Layer section structure；Wherein, (a) is the Ni16Cr20Mo coatings section structure (low power) that shot sprays shot-peening densification；(b)
The Ni16Cr20Mo coatings section structure (high power) of shot-peening densification is sprayed for shot；
Fig. 5 is to be applied using cold spray apparatus as the Ni16Cr20Mo after accelerating shot equipment injection collision densification
The decay resistance of layer and conventional Ni based alloys coating contrasts；Wherein, (a) contrasts for OCP；(b) it is polarization curve pair
Than.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat completely, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Respectively using Mo and Ni20Cr as typical cladding Shell Materials and core material as original material, pass through
Mo claddings NiCr prepared by mechanical mill alloying and subsequent heat treatment core-shell structure NiCr-20Mo composite powders are used for coating
Prepare.Structure is referring to Fig. 1, and in Fig. 1, (a) is NiCr-20Mo powder section structure (low power)；(b) break for NiCr-20Mo powder
Face structure (high power)；(c) it is NiCr-20Mo powder surface topographies；As seen from Figure 1, dense Mo shell completely equably wraps
NiCr core powder particle surfaces are overlayed on, and are existed between Mo and NiCr core particles by a thin layer intermediate diffusion layer metallurgical binding
Together, ensure that particle in plasma jet in heating process, Mo be completely melt and with core NiCr alloyings it
Before, shell is securely attached together to form complete single molten drop with core.
The Ni based alloy coatings of above-mentioned covered composite yarn structure powder particle preparation, its section are sprayed using plasma spraying method
Institutional framework is referring to Fig. 2, by Fig. 2 (a) it can be seen that the coating is quite fine and close, uniform texture, but in such as Fig. 2 (b) institutes
A small number of micro-pores are observed in the high power photo shown.
NiCr composite powders are coated using Mo, with plasma spray deposition in the stainless steel watch suitable with particle itself fusing point
The section structure of the single particle in face, characterize the bonding state of particle and basal body interface.In order to clarify the NiCr-20Mo of deposition
Particle and basal body interface form the state combined, are prepared for using FIB above-mentioned in polishing stainless steel matrix surface deposition
The section sample of Ni16Cr20Mo single particles, phenetic analysis is carried out to interface using SEM and TEM.As a result as shown in figure 3,
Most of interface cohesion is good between Ni16Cr20Mo single particles and stainless steel base, only in particle most fringe region due to particle
Sprawl the reduction of leading edge temperature and not bonding state is presented with matrix., should knowable to being analyzed using TEM typical interface feature
Particle is with there are many caused molten bath holes due to the fusing of matrix surface microcell at basal body interface, because fusing causes matrix surface
Oxide-film is presented nodularization state and makes particle interface metallurgical binding together, and the combination between non-fused regions particle and matrix
For across the chemical bond of oxide-film.
Show that more than 90% interface leads between Ni16Cr20Mo single particles and matrix by above-mentioned sign and result statistics
Cross enhanced primary treatment to link together, far above the combination interface area ratio that conventional Ni based alloys particle is only about 40%.
Due to the presence in uncombined interface zone of the single particle most edge less than 10% so that plasma spraying Ni16Cr20Mo
While a small amount of micro-pore in coating being present, these micro-pores are interconnected and form insertion hole, and corrosive medium can lead to
Cross the interface that this kind of hole reaches coating and matrix from the surface of coating.
Step 2：Using cold spray apparatus as shot accelerator, after high speed shot line is formed, article on plasma spray
Apply state Ni16Cr20Mo coatings and carry out high velocity impact shot-peening densification, carry out hole removal processing.Sprayed even in high intensity
Under ball treatment conditions, because bond strength is high, coating structure is complete, does not find the phenomenon of coating shedding.Adhesion measurement
Show, after spraying bead, the bond strength of coating is identical with the result of spraying state measurement, that is, is more than the bonding that measurement uses
The intensity of agent, more than 70MPa.And use under same shot injection bead blasting conditions, the painting prepared using NiCr alloy powders
Layer, can not be by spraying steel shot peen processing densification there occurs overall obscission.Fig. 4 is the coating group after bead
Knit, wherein, (a) is the Ni16Cr20Mo coatings section structure (low power) that shot sprays shot-peening densification；(b) sprayed for shot
Penetrate the Ni16Cr20Mo coatings section structure (high power) of shot-peening densification.From fig. 4, it can be seen that coating presents and compact block
The similar complete compact texture of body, the apparent porosity of coating is only 0.04%.
The knot of electro-chemical test is carried out to the Ni16Cr20Mo coatings for being sprayed on Q235 surface of low-carbon steel after bead
Fruit is as shown in Figure 5.By plasma spraying routine Ni based alloys coating it can be seen from the figure due to exist in coating a large amount of holes and
The presence for the insertion hole for being not associated with interface and forming, the coating show the open circuit electricity suitable with sandblasting Q235 low carbon steel substrates
Position, corrosion potential and corrosion current, show that conventional Ni based alloys coating does not have corrosion protection effect to matrix.And use the present invention
Fine and close Ni based alloys coating prepared by described method shows the electrification suitable with the Ni16Cr20Mo coatings adhered to without matrix
Characteristic is learned, shows that coating prepared by the present invention can play fully effective corrosion protection to parent metal.
By result above it may be concluded that the core-shell structure for having self-adhesive effect using plasma spraying first coats
Composite powder is well combined between preparing interface, fine and close metal alloy coating.Then using shot injection shot-peening technology cold welding
The method of post processing carries out densification can obtain having excellent anticorrosive performance and block to above-mentioned spraying state coating
Quite fine and close Ni based alloy coatings.
Embodiment 2
Mo is used to coat powder of stainless steel as sprayed on material, it is micro- to prepare 300 in ordinary carbon steel matrix surface plasma spraying
The thick high molybdenum stainless steel coating of rice, bead is carried out to coating using hand-held shot-blasting gun, wherein shot-peening uses 100 mesh steel
Ball, the compressed air pressure for accelerating steel ball are 0.3MPa.Cated ordinary low-carbon steel is sprayed by electrochemical method test
Corrosion resistance can be shown that its electrochemical potentials is not influenceed with corrosion current by matrix, completely suitable with coating itself, i.e. coating
Complete corrosion protection is realized to low carbon steel substrate.
Embodiment 3
Use Mo to coat FeAl powder as dusty spray, 150 microns of thickness are prepared using plasma spraying in heat-resisting steel surface
Coating, using hand-held sand-blasting gun to coating carry out bead, wherein shot-peening use 60 mesh steel ball, compressed air pressure
For 0.4MPa.50 hours corrosion resistance test tables are carried out under the conditions of 400 DEG C~650 DEG C of simulation waste incinerator corrosive environment
It is bright, there is no that sulfidation corrosion, chlorination burn into hcl corrosion etc. occurs substantially using the coating for preparing of the present invention, with excellent resistance to
High temperature corrosion property.
Embodiment 4
Aluminum bronze powder is coated using Nb, 200 microns of thick coatings are prepared using plasma spraying in ship steel surface, adopted
The shot for accelerating 100 mesh with cold spraying rifle carries out bead to coating, translational speed 40mm/s, is uniformly sprayed in coating surface
Ball is handled 4 times, obtains the coating of densification.After appropriate be heat-treated, using ultrasonic air corrosion test, in standard test conditions
Under test result show that the resistance to Cavitation of coating prepared based on the present invention is substantially suitable with aluminium bronze, show using
Dense coating prepared by invention has excellent resistance to Cavitation.Strengthen available for the resistance to cavitation corrosion in naval vessel surface and remanufactured with reparation.
Embodiment 5
Mo is used to coat NiTi alloy powders as dusty spray, it is micro- using plasma spraying preparation 200 on steel matrix surface
The thick coating of rice, carries out bead；Then 250 micron coatings are sprayed again in coating surface, carry out bead again, finally
The NiTi base coatings that more than about 400 microns of acquisition thickness.Under the conditions of clear water, using ultrasonic air corrosion test, in code test
Under the conditions of test result show that the resistance to Cavitation of coating prepared based on the present invention is noticeably greater than titanium alloy, shows to use
Dense coating prepared by the present invention has excellent resistance to Cavitation.Strengthen available for the resistance to cavitation corrosion of turbine blade and made again with repairing
Make.
Embodiment 6
Al powder is coated using Fe, Al base FeAl intermetallic compounds are prepared in steel matrix and are distributed compound painting therein
Layer, shot-peening densification is carried out using shot-blasting gun, coating is intact after processing, and interface bond strength reduction or any does not occur
Coating shedding sign.After testing its decay resistance through 30 days in corrosive environment of sea water, it is found that seawater corrosion medium only exists
Coating surface forms passivating film, and no seawater penetrates the sign of coating, shows the coating of the present invention and steel matrix can be played
Complete corrosion protection.
Embodiment 7
Zn powder is coated using 12wt.%Al, about 300 microns of thickness are prepared using flame spraying method on low carbon steel substrate
Coating, after carrying out shot-peening densification to coating using cold spraying rifle and with 80 mesh shots, coating is complete, is well combined.
Carry out seawater corrosion test and show that the phenomenon infiltrated into coating does not occur for corrosive medium, coating has excellent to low carbon steel substrate
Different corrosion protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat completely, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
1) using the core-shell structure covered composite yarn powder with self-adhesive effect as thermal spray feedstock powder, densification is made in thermal spraying
Metal alloy coating；
2) the high speed shot injection particle line with directive property is produced using cold spraying or ball blasting method, sprays to compact metal conjunction
Gold plating surface, until being made without insertion hole or corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat completely.
2. the preparation method of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat completely according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the core-shell structure covered composite yarn powder with self-adhesive effect, refers in spraying process with complete in particle
Clad does not separate with being wrapped by core particle and can keep the core-shell structure composite powder of overall integrity before fusing
Last particle；Wherein, the fusing point as coating layer material is more than the fusing point for being wrapped by core material；As clad or shell sections
Account for the 3%~35% of core-shell structure covered composite yarn powder gross mass.
3. the preparation method of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat completely according to claim 1 or 2, it is special
Sign is, the core-shell structure covered composite yarn powder with self-adhesive effect, including：
Using refractory metal Mo cladding Ni, Ni based alloy, Fe or Fe base alloy powders；Or
Using two or three of alloy-coated Ni, Ni base alloy powder, Fe, Fe based alloy powder in refractory metal Ta, Mo and W
End, Cu or Cu alloy powders；Or
Al or Al alloy powders are coated using Fe；Or
Using Al, Cu, Al alloy or Cu alloy powders cladding Zn or Zn alloy powders.
4. the preparation method of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat completely according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the thermal spraying uses plasma spraying method or flame spraying；Wherein, plasma spraying method includes atmospheric plasma
Spraying process, gas hood protection plasma spraying method, low-voltage plasma spraying method or vacuum plasma spray coating method.
5. the preparation method of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat completely according to claim 1, its feature
It is, in step 2), high speed shot injection particle uses particle size range as 100~300 μm of spherical stainless steel particle.
6. the preparation method of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat completely according to claim 5, its feature
It is, spherical stainless steel particle is austenite stainless steel particles, martensitic stain less steel particle, ferrite stainless steel particles or double
Mutually stainless steel particles.
7. the preparation method of corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat completely according to claim 1, its feature
It is, in step 2), uses cold spray apparatus or shot accelerator to produce shot injection of the speed for 30m/s~300m/s
Grain line, shot is collided in matrix surface successively during shot injection particle line is adapted to move along the surface, and coating can be produced
Deformation densification cold welding Treatment Effects.
8. the preparation method of the corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat completely according to claim 1 or 7, it is special
Sign is, in step 2), using pressure-air or nitrogen as gas is accelerated, gas pressure is 0.3~4MPa, and gas temperature is
15 DEG C~200 DEG C；
The translational speed of shot electron gun is 10mm/s~500mm/s during shot is sprayed to coating surface, and spraying number is 1
~10 times, pass through shot-peening parameter combination so that the micro-pore in whole coating is completely eliminated.
9. using corrosion resistant fine and close thermal jet oil gidling completely made from the preparation method described in any one in claim 1~8
Belong to alloy coat, it is characterised in that the consistency of the metal alloy coating is high, and oxide content is low, no insertion hole, coating with
Binding ability is excellent between matrix, between coating particle.
10. corrosion resistant fine and close thermal spray metal alloy coat completely as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the metal
The thickness of alloy coat is 50 μm~400 μm, and liquid can be prevented to infiltrate or wear from coating surface with gaseous state corrosive medium completely
Antireflective coating layer.
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