CN109158771B

CN109158771B - Ultrahigh-speed laser cutting head and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN109158771B
Application number: CN201811162319.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐强
Original assignee: Guangzhou Xinke Laser Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Xinke Laser Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-09-30
Filing date: 2018-09-30
Publication date: 2021-06-11
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-30
Also published as: CN109158771A

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-high-speed laser cutting head and a cutting method thereof, wherein the ultra-high-speed laser cutting head is arranged on a moving track of the existing cutting machine, the cutting head is used for moving the cutting head in a large range in a track parallel moving mode, a cutting point is quickly positioned in a small-range cutting area through the reflection of a first dimension positioning mirror and a second dimension positioning mirror, and finally cutting laser is vertically cut downwards through a collimating cutting mirror. The planar displacement of the laser is distributed through four dimensions. The control speed of the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror on the displacement of the cutting laser is far faster than the integral movement of the rail on the cutting head, so that the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror are used for changing the orientation of the cutting laser in a small-range plane at a high speed to realize ultra-high speed cutting.

Description

Ultrahigh-speed laser cutting head and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of large-scale cutting equipment, in particular to a cutting equipment technology adopting laser as a cutting means, and specifically relates to an ultrahigh-speed laser cutting head and a use method thereof.

Background

In the traditional industry and the modern industry, the cutting technology is an indispensable technology in various fields of national economy, and along with the requirements on the size and the geometric shape of a workpiece are more and more diversified, a plurality of workpieces are manufactured by cutting, and the position of the cutting technology in the national economy is more and more important.

Traditional cutting techniques are roughly classified into 2 types, physical cutting and chemical cutting.

Conventional press cutting, turning and later numerically controlled turning and high precision turning are all of the physical cutting type, such as gantry cutting machines, which cut the stock with a harder tool to produce a workpiece of a specific geometry and size. The cutting equipment has higher requirements on the cutter, the sharpness and hardness of the cutter influence the cutting precision, and as a traditional cutting mode, the cutting equipment has certain defects that the cutting efficiency is difficult to improve, and the cutting of a high-hardness raw material is in a state that a front-catching elbow is seen, the hardness requirement on the cutter head is further improved, so that the cost is greatly increased; and is reluctant to machine workpieces of irregular geometry.

The high-pressure water-jet cutting machine is also a physical cutting machine, and the principle is that high-pressure continuous jet water flow is utilized to cut a raw material.

The chemical cutting mode usually has high-temperature burning and chemical corrosion modes, common flame cutting is a mode for cutting a raw material by using high-temperature flame injection, and the flame cutting mode has the advantages of easiness in use, serious environmental protection problem and incapability of being used in the field of high-precision cutting because the flame burning mode is adopted for burning and melting, and the residual temperature of flame can influence the edge of the cut raw material. Chemical etching is more commonly used in the etching field and is not described herein.

The technical field of the invention adopts laser cutting, which is also a high-temperature firing mode, and different from flame cutting, the laser energy-gathering precision is very good, only firing a cutting line can be achieved, the line edge can not or hardly be affected, and compared with flame cutting, the precision is very high, the invention is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and the cutting efficiency is also very high.

In addition, from the viewpoint of cutting the material, there are soft materials such as leather, paper, wood, rubber, and the like, and hard materials such as stone, steel plate, alloy plate, and the like, and depending on the material, an appropriate cutting method is selected, and for example, flame cutting is generally suitable only for metal type materials.

According to the shape of the raw material, the raw material is usually regular plate-shaped (or planar), and has few other shapes such as block-shaped. The plate-shaped raw materials are divided into different thicknesses, and the thicker the plate-shaped raw materials, the higher the cutting technical requirements are, and the lower the cutting technical requirements are.

For example, for very thin and easily cut raw materials such as paper, leather, cloth, etc., the cutting difficulty is not large, but the precision and the cutting efficiency are generally required to be very high; in addition, for the requirement of irregular cutting shapes, the automatic laser cutting is undoubtedly a good choice for cutting the raw materials. Of course, the manner of turning the lathe is not too poor.

For the metal plate, laser cutting is adopted, so that the method has great advantages; compared with flame cutting, the laser cutting precision is better, compared with lathe cutting, the laser cutting cost is lower, and compared with water jet cutting, the efficiency is higher. Laser cutting is gradually applied deeply in recent years due to the characteristics of energy conservation and environmental protection, and the proportion of the laser cutting in the cutting field is increased more and more.

The existing laser cutting technologies, such as CN201210047489.9 and CN201610383552.4, generally include a cutting platform for placing a cutting plate, a laser generator for generating laser for cutting, a multi-dimensional guide rail for moving a cutting head is disposed on the platform, the laser is emitted from the cutting head by guiding the laser to the cutting head, the laser strikes on the plate, and performs burning cutting on the plate, and the cutting track is moved on the plate by moving the cutting head, so as to complete the cutting of a specific shape. Among the problems that can be encountered are:

1. the laser emitted by the laser generator is a columnar beam or has a small divergence angle, and before the laser is emitted by the cutting head, the laser needs to be focused to a certain extent, so that the focus falls on the plate, and the more accurate the focus control is, the higher the cutting precision is. In the prior art, for example, CN201210149011.7 and CN201120275255.0 are common special laser cutting heads, and the laser cutting accuracy is improved by setting technical schemes such as auto-focusing, multi-focusing, motion focusing, defocusing, etc. in the cutting head.

2. From the above mentioned prior art laser cutting solutions, we can see that all industrial laser cutting, in general, includes a cutting head with a position changing continuously on the plate, and the laser of the cutting head is vertically downward cutting. This is because the cut sheet material is usually of a little thickness, particularly a metal sheet material, and it is necessary to keep the laser vertical sheet material emitting during cutting to ensure that the cut edge is vertically flat, as shown in fig. 1, the cutting light 101 emitted from the cutting module 100, in the case of a vertical sheet material 110, has a cutting edge 111 that is vertically flat, and if the cutting light 101 is not cutting the vertical sheet material 110, has a cutting edge 112 that is not vertically flat; in addition, the cutting thickness of the cutting edge 111 is H, substantially equal to the thickness of the plate material, while the cutting thickness of the cutting edge 112 is D, D being greater than H, and the greater the inclination of the cutting light, the greater D; undoubtedly cause a series of problems, including poor cutting effect of the plate, increased cutting power consumption, and reduced efficiency. It can be seen that controlling laser to perform vertical cutting is very important in the field of laser cutting, unless the above cutting effect, efficiency, etc. are sacrificed, or the cut material is thin material such as cardboard, cloth, etc., and the cut material is plane material such as paper with almost no thickness, etc., and in the case of negligible thickness, the above problems can be avoided, and the cutting laser can be used for oblique cutting.

3. How to improve the cutting efficiency is always an important research and development direction in the industry, and after all, under the control of automatic laser cutting, if the efficiency can be improved by 2 times, the original 1 month project only needs 2 weeks; if the efficiency can be improved by 4 times, only 1 week is needed, and if the efficiency can be improved by 10 times, the improvement can be completed in only 3 days, so that the efficiency is very important. The traditional cutting machine has the efficiency limiting factors of 2 points, namely the power of laser and the cutting speed. The laser power can be directly increased, the cost is directly influenced, and the mode of improving the laser power is simpler. The cutting speed is mainly restricted, namely the moving speed of the cutting head, and the multi-dimensional sliding rail erected on the cutting platform is improved usually in the prior art, so that the moving speed of the cutting head is increased, or the cutting platform is improved, so that the cutting platform can move in multiple dimensions, and the relative walking speed of the cutting head is increased by matching with the movement of the cutting head.

However, the weight of the platform and the plate is usually larger, which is inconvenient for complex motions with high-speed changes, so that most of the platforms of the cutting machines are not provided with movement. Similarly, the cutting head should minimize mass to reduce the inertia of the movement.

In addition, if the cutting pattern is a relatively monotonous geometric shape, and the movement control of the multi-dimensional track is relatively simple, the cutting speed is undoubtedly ideal; however, if the cutting pattern is complicated and requires complicated movement control, the cutting speed will inevitably be greatly reduced. For example, cutting a square pattern and cutting a cartoon figure pattern, the latter requires the moving track of the cutting head to be higher, the cutting speed of the latter is much lower than that of the former, and the cost is multiplied.

4. The laser stroke is changed and the focal length is cooperatively adjusted, particularly, because the cutting head is in a continuous motion state, the light path of the laser is variable, and the stroke from the laser generator to the cutting head is variable. The control mode has certain complexity, and the feedback of the control signal has different delays by fully considering the different inertia of each machine. In addition, because the laser power for cutting is typically very large, the corresponding laser is relatively large and heavy, and thus the laser is typically not mobile. The inventor has conceived that the relative fixing of the position between the laser and the cutting head, i.e. the movement of the laser and the cutting head together, is necessary to solve the problems of the change of the laser stroke and the cooperative adjustment of the focal length, but obviously, the walking speed of the cutting head and the laser is too slow due to the too heavy weight of the laser, which seriously affects the efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and designs an ultra-high-speed laser cutting head and a using method thereof, the cutting head can be used for being installed on/replaced on some existing laser cutting machine equipment, the cutting head can achieve very high cutting efficiency, and the efficiency of the cutting head is improved by times for the existing cutting equipment.

One of the schemes adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: an ultra-high speed laser cutting head applied to laser cutting equipment comprises: the laser cutting device comprises a shell, wherein one side of the shell is provided with a laser receiving hole for receiving cutting laser to be shot into the shell;

along the path of the cutting laser, an aperture plate, a movable focusing lens group, 2 dimension positioning lenses and a collimation cutting lens are sequentially arranged in the shell;

the aperture plate is provided with a diaphragm hole which is communicated along a light path, a circle of light receiving grooves are arranged around the periphery of the diaphragm hole, the light receiving grooves are positioned on one side of the aperture plate facing the light receiving holes, and the bottoms of the light receiving grooves are lower than the surface of the aperture plate;

the movable focusing lens group at least comprises a convex lens and a concave lens, and the convex lens and/or the concave lens reciprocate along the light path to adjust the cutting focal length of the cutting laser;

the 2 dimension positioning mirrors are a first dimension positioning mirror and a second dimension positioning mirror in sequence, the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror are driven by a motor to rotate in a reciprocating mode, and rotating shafts of the 2 dimension positioning mirrors are crossed;

and the collimation cutting mirror is positioned below the second dimension positioning mirror and used for refracting the cutting laser obliquely emitted towards the normal direction so as to enable the cutting laser to be emitted after an included angle between the cutting laser and the normal direction is reduced. (the included angle between the cutting laser and the normal direction of the collimation cutting mirror is reduced and can be as small as 0 degree, and the included angle is parallel to the normal direction at the moment.)

Preferably, the movable focusing lens group comprises a movable focusing lens and a fixed focusing lens, the movable focusing lens adopts the concave lens, and the fixed focusing lens adopts the convex lens; the fixed focusing lens is fixed on the light path of the cutting laser, and the movable focusing lens moves linearly in a reciprocating manner along the direction of the cutting light path.

Preferably, the device also comprises a half crescent focusing lens frame, the movable focusing lens is fixedly arranged on the half crescent focusing lens frame, the focusing lens frame is fixed on a focusing slide block, the focusing slide block is movably arranged on a focusing slide rail, the focusing slide rail and the focusing slide block are mutually matched and connected, the focusing slide rail is arranged along the direction parallel to the cutting laser light path, and the focusing slide block can be driven to rapidly slide on the slide rail in a reciprocating manner to drive the focusing lens frame and the movable focusing lens to follow the reciprocating sliding manner;

the cutting head is vertically installed and fixed in the cutting head, a first swing connecting rod is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the dynamic focusing motor, one end of the first swing connecting rod is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the dynamic focusing motor, the other end of the first swing connecting rod is connected with one end of a second swing connecting rod in a shaft mode, and the other end of the second swing connecting rod is connected with one side of the focusing sliding block in a shaft mode; the direction of the connecting shaft of the first swing connecting rod and the second swing connecting rod is parallel to the direction of the rotating shaft of the dynamic focusing motor, and the direction of the connecting shaft of the second swing connecting rod and the focusing slide block is parallel to the direction of the rotating shaft of the dynamic focusing motor.

Preferably, the first dimension positioning mirror is connected to an output shaft of the first dimension positioning motor, and the fourth dimension positioning mirror is connected to an output shaft of the second dimension positioning motor; the output shaft of the first dimension positioning motor and the output shaft of the second dimension positioning motor form a certain space included angle, and the first dimension positioning motor and the second dimension positioning motor are fixedly installed through a positioning motor fixing seat.

Preferably, the diaphragm hole is surrounded by the inner side surface of the aperture limiting plate, and the inner side surface of the aperture limiting plate is also formed as the inner wall of the diaphragm hole; the light limiting ring is higher than the bottom surface of the light collecting groove, the inner wall of the light collecting groove, which is in transition with the front surface of the aperture plate, of the light collecting groove is vertical to the surface of the aperture plate, and the outer wall of the light limiting ring is formed as the wall surface in transition between the light collecting groove and the light limiting ring, which is vertical to the surface of the aperture plate.

Preferably, a positioning laser exit window is arranged on a bottom plate of the cutting head shell, the positioning laser exit window is positioned below the second dimension positioning mirror, and cutting laser reflected by the second dimension positioning mirror is emitted downwards from the positioning laser exit window;

the upper end opening of the cutting nozzle is arranged below the positioning laser exit window, and the lower end opening of the cutting nozzle is smaller than the upper end opening of the cutting nozzle;

the collimating cutting mirror is arranged in an inner cavity of the cutting nozzle and is a convex lens.

Preferably, the side of cutting nozzle is equipped with the gas pocket for connect the trachea, when the cutting operation, gaseous from the gas pocket gets into the cutting nozzle inner chamber and from the blowout of cutting nozzle lower extreme opening.

The second scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: a use method of an ultra-high-speed laser cutting head comprises the following steps:

(1) adjusting cutting laser emitted by a laser to be parallel to the first-dimension track direction by using a fixed light path reflector and emitting the cutting laser;

(2) second dimension rails are arranged on the first dimension rails in a crossed mode and can do reciprocating linear motion along the direction of the first dimension rails; meanwhile, a movable light path reflector is arranged at the joint of the second dimension track and the cutting laser parallel to the first dimension track, and the direction of the cutting laser is changed into the direction parallel to the second dimension track by using the movable light path reflector;

(3) the cutting head is mounted on the second dimension track, and the cutting head can do reciprocating linear motion along the direction of the second dimension track; a first dimension positioning mirror and a second dimension positioning mirror are mounted on the cutting head, the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror are controlled to rotate in a reciprocating mode through a motor, and the rotating axis of the first dimension positioning mirror and the rotating axis of the second dimension positioning mirror are arranged in a mutually crossed mode; receiving cutting laser parallel to the second dimension track by using the first dimension positioning mirror and reflecting the cutting laser to the second dimension positioning mirror;

(4) utilizing a second dimension positioning mirror to reflect the received cutting laser downwards to the direction of the cutting platform;

(5) and a movable focusing lens group is arranged on the optical path of the cutting laser, and the optical paths of the cutting laser to different positions on the cutting platform are calculated in real time by utilizing a stroke sensor and a controller, so that the movable focusing lens group is controlled to adjust the cutting focus of the cutting laser in real time.

(6) And the collimation cutting mirror is arranged below the second dimension positioning mirror, and the cutting laser obliquely emitted out is refracted to the normal direction by the collimation cutting mirror, so that the included angle between the cutting laser and the normal direction is reduced or is parallel to the normal direction, and then the cutting laser is emitted to the cutting platform.

Preferably, the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror are used for controlling cutting laser, cutting is continuously carried out in the cutting range covered by the collimation cutting mirror, meanwhile, the first dimension track and the second dimension track are controlled to move the cutting head, and the central point covered by the collimation cutting mirror is close to the cutting point in real time.

Preferably, the center point covered by the collimating cutting mirror and the cutting point are close to each other to a certain distance, and then the center point is close to each other, and the center point covered by the collimating cutting mirror and the cutting point are close to each other again after being far away from each other for a certain distance.

Preferably, the cutting platform is divided into a plurality of cutting unit areas with cutting areas corresponding to the cooperative reflection ranges of the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror;

the first dimension track and the second dimension track are controlled to move the cutting head to the position above the area of the unit to be cut, then the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror are controlled to reflect cutting laser along a cutting track until the cutting of the area of the cutting unit is completed, then the cutting head is controlled to move to the area of the next cutting unit, and the cutting is controlled in a circulating mode.

The invention relates to an ultra-high-speed laser cutting head and a cutting method thereof, which are arranged on a moving track of the existing cutting machine, are used for moving the cutting head in a large range in a track parallel moving mode, quickly position a cutting point in a small-range cutting area through the reflection of a first dimension positioning mirror and a second dimension positioning mirror, and finally make cutting laser vertically cut downwards through a collimation cutting mirror. The planar displacement of the laser is distributed through four dimensions. The control speed of the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror on the displacement of the cutting laser is far faster than the integral movement of the rail on the cutting head, so that the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror are used for changing the orientation of the cutting laser in a small-range plane at a high speed to realize ultra-high speed cutting. Through the combination of a large range and a small range, the cutting speed can be increased by more than 10-40 times of that of the existing cutting equipment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the cutting direction and the thickness of a plate material according to the present invention

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the high-speed cutting apparatus of the present invention

FIG. 3 is another perspective view of the high-speed cutting apparatus of the present invention

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the high-speed cutting equipment of the invention with the organ cover hidden

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear motor track according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the laser path of the high-speed cutting apparatus of the present invention

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a base in an embodiment of the invention

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting platform according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the portion Q in FIG. 8

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed optical path adjusting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an optical pickup head of a laser according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an optical pickup head of a laser according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 13 is an exploded view of an optical pickup head of a laser according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a second dimension linear motor track and a cutting head according to an embodiment of the invention

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of another angle of the second dimension linear motor track and the cutting head according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable optical circuit support according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a cutting head according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the structure of the main light path components of the cutting head in an embodiment of the invention

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of an aperture plate of a cutting head according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the backside structure of the aperture plate of the cutting head according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the optical path structure inside the cutting head according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic focusing module of a cutting head according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the structure of the cutting head in the scanning window direction according to the embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 24 is a schematic structural view of a cutting nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a cutting nozzle

FIG. 26 is a schematic view of another direction of the structure of the cutting nozzle in the embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 27 is a schematic view of the cutting path of the cutting head and the cutting nozzle in the embodiment of the present invention

The structural names corresponding to the reference numerals in the invention are:

a cutting module 100, a cutting light 101, a plate 110, and cutting

edges

111, 112;

the device comprises a base 1, a waste opening 11, a cutting platform 12, a first linear motor track 31, a second linear motor track 32, a third linear motor track 33, a laser seat 401, a laser 40, a light emitting head 4, a fixed light path reflector 5, a fixed light path base 52, a fixed light path adjusting plate 51, a movable light path reflector 6, a movable light path base 62, a movable light path adjusting plate 61, a cutting head 7, an organ cover 311 of the first linear motor track, an organ cover 321 of the second linear motor track and an organ cover 331 of the third linear motor track;

the linear motor track structure comprises concave groove frames 312, 322 and 332 of a linear motor track,

magnetic sheets

313, 323 and 333 of the linear motor track, rotors 315, 325 and 335 of the linear motor track,

rotor stroke sensors

316 and 336 of the linear motor track, a first mounting plate 3331, a second mounting plate 3332, a stroke measuring sensor 371, a stroke measuring sensor strip 381, a front sensor sheet 372, a front sensor 382, a rear sensor sheet 373, a rear sensor 383, a cutting head fixing frame 733 and a light receiving hole 70 of a cutting head;

the platform outer frame 121, the grid bars 13 and the grid edges 131; a fixing screw hole 512 and an adjusting screw hole 511; a first side 621 of the movable light path base, a second side 622 of the movable light path base, a third side 623 of the movable light path base, a first L-shaped fixing frame 63, a second L-shaped fixing frame 661, a fixing screw hole 6611 of the second L-shaped fixing frame, a fixing screw hole 624 of the movable light path base, a back surface 611 of the movable light path adjusting plate, a center adjusting screw hole 612 of the movable light path adjusting plate, and a side adjusting screw hole 613 of the movable light path adjusting plate;

a flange plate 43, a flange hole 431, a selective reflector 42, an indication laser 41, an adjustment seat 411 of the indication laser, an adjustment spring 412 of the indication laser, a first block group 44, a second block group 45, an installation hole 452 of the indication laser, an adjustment screw hole 453 of the indication laser, a light outlet hole 451 of the second block group, a single-lens installation port 455 and a light inlet hole 441 of the first block group;

a cutting head back plate 701, a cutting head bottom plate 702, an aperture plate 71, an aperture plate fixing screw hole 711, an aperture plate diaphragm hole 710, an aperture plate front face 712, an aperture plate back face 713, a light receiving groove 714, a light limiting ring 715, a light receiving groove inner wall 7140, a light limiting ring outer wall 7151 and a diaphragm hole inner wall 7152;

a light protection plate 720, a dynamic focusing motor 722, a fixed seat 721 of the dynamic focusing motor, a rotating shaft 7220 of the dynamic focusing motor, a first swing connecting rod 723, a second swing connecting rod 724, a focusing slide 726, a focusing slide 725, a focusing lens frame 7250, a chute 7260 of the focusing slide, a movable focusing lens 727, a fixed focusing lens 730 and a fixed focusing frame 73;

a first dimension positioning mirror 752, a first dimension positioning motor 75, a third dimension positioning joint 751, a second dimension positioning mirror 762, a second dimension positioning motor 76, a fourth dimension positioning joint 761 and a positioning motor fixing seat 74; the positioning laser exit window 7020;

emitting laser 400, cutting laser 401, first collimated cutting laser 401', second collimated cutting laser 401 ", third collimated cutting laser 401'", cutting zone 1100;

cutting nozzle 8, collimation cutting mirror 9, cutting nozzle inner chamber 80, cutting nozzle upper end 81, cutting nozzle lower extreme 82, gas pocket 83, play light mouth 84.

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:

example one

The ultra-high speed laser cutting head of the embodiment comprises a housing, as shown in fig. 17 and 18, a part of the housing of the cutting head 7 is hidden, a cutting head back plate 701 and a cutting head bottom plate 702 can be seen, a plurality of control circuit boards are arranged on the cutting head back plate 701, and a conventional control driving circuit is arranged on the circuit boards. Along the sequence of incidence of laser from the light receiving hole 70 of the cutting head, an aperture plate 71, a movable focusing lens 727, a fixed focusing frame 73, a first dimension positioning lens 752, a second dimension positioning lens 762, a positioning laser exit window 7020 and a cutting nozzle 8 are arranged in the cutting head in sequence.

As shown in fig. 19 and 20, the aperture plate front face 712 is provided at one end with a fixing screw hole 711 for mounting and fixing the aperture plate 71, and the aperture plate is provided at the other end with a diaphragm hole 710, the diaphragm hole 710 penetrating the aperture plate front face 712 and the aperture plate rear face 713. The diaphragm aperture 710 is surrounded by the inner surface of the light restricting ring 715, and the inner surface of the light restricting ring 715 is also formed as a diaphragm aperture inner wall 7152. The light receiving groove 714 surrounding the light limiting ring 715 is arranged on one side of the aperture plate front 712, the bottom of the light receiving groove 714 is lower than the aperture plate front 712 and the light limiting ring 715, the light receiving groove inner wall 7140 of the light receiving groove 714 and the aperture plate front 712 is vertical to the surface of the aperture plate front 712, the light limiting ring outer wall 7151 is formed as a wall surface of the transition between the light receiving groove 714 and the light limiting ring 715, the wall surface is vertical to the surface of the aperture plate front 712, and the bottom of the light receiving groove 714 is parallel to the surface of the aperture plate front 712. The cutting laser or the instruction laser is emitted from the light receiving hole 70 of the cutting head, then emitted into the aperture hole 710 of the aperture plate from the aperture plate front surface 712 side, and emitted from the aperture plate back surface.

Under the normal condition, laser can pass through the diaphragm hole smoothly, but when equipment initial stage debugging and equipment happened unexpected vibration, laser can the off tracking, burns out the damage for the laser that protection cutting head inner structure was not burnt by the unexpected off tracking, sets up the aperture board, is made by the steel sheet that has certain thickness. The front surface of the aperture plate is provided with a limiting diaphragm and a light receiving groove, and redundant light can fall into the limiting diaphragm and the light receiving groove after running out of the diaphragm hole; the light limiting ring is a circle of thin convex edge, redundant light can be cut off by the light limiting ring, the light enters the bottom of the light receiving groove, partial light is absorbed by the bottom of the light receiving groove, partial light is scattered, most of the scattered partial light is absorbed by the side wall of the light receiving groove, and therefore the internal structure of the cutting head is well protected.

Referring to fig. 17, 18, 21 and 22 again, the laser beam passing through the aperture plate is incident on the movable focusing mirror 727, the movable focusing mirror 727 is usually a concave lens (or a convex lens) fixed on a crescent-shaped focusing lens holder 7250, the focusing lens holder 7250 is fixed on a focusing slider 725, the focusing slider 725 is movably mounted on a focusing slide 726, the focusing slide has a slide groove 7260 matching with the focusing slider 725, the focusing slide 726 is arranged in a direction parallel to the laser path, the focusing slider 725 can be driven to slide on the slide in a fast reciprocating manner to drive the movable focusing mirror 727 and the fixed focusing mirror 730 to generate a distance change, thereby changing the focal length height of the laser beam cutting. The dynamic focusing mechanism further comprises a dynamic focusing motor 722 which is vertically installed and fixed on the fixed seat 721, a first swing connecting rod 723 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 7220 of the dynamic focusing motor, one end of the first swing connecting rod 723 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 7220 of the dynamic focusing motor, the other end of the first swing connecting rod 723 is in shaft connection with one end of a second swing connecting rod 724, and the other end of the second swing connecting rod 724 is in shaft connection with one side of the focusing slider 725. The direction of the connecting shaft of the first swing link 723 and the second swing link 724 is parallel to the direction of the rotating shaft 7220 of the dynamic focus motor, and the direction of the connecting shaft of the second swing link 724 and the focus slider 725 is parallel to the direction of the rotating shaft 7220 of the dynamic focus motor. The light protection plate 720 is arranged outside the focusing slide rail 726 to prevent accidental injury to human eyes caused by scattering of cutting laser.

A fixed focusing mirror 730 is arranged at the rear end of the movable focusing mirror 727 and fixed on a light path through a fixed focusing frame 73; the fixed focusing lens 730 is typically a convex lens (or a concave lens).

A first dimension positioning mirror 752 and a second dimension positioning mirror 762 are sequentially arranged at the rear end of the fixed focusing mirror 730, cutting laser or indication laser is firstly incident on the mirror surface of the first dimension positioning mirror 752 after passing through the fixed focusing mirror 730, then the first dimension positioning mirror 752 reflects the laser to the mirror surface of the second dimension positioning mirror 762, and the second dimension positioning mirror 762 reflects the laser to irradiate the cutting nozzle 8 from a positioning laser exit window 7020. The first dimension positioning mirror 752 and the second dimension positioning mirror 762 may be glass mirrors or aluminum alloy mirrors coated with reflective films, and the first dimension positioning mirror 752 is connected to the output shaft of the first dimension positioning motor 75 through a third dimension positioning joint 751. Second dimension positioning mirror 762 is connected to the output shaft of second dimension positioning motor 76 via fourth dimension positioning joint 761. A certain spatial included angle is formed between the output shaft of the first dimension positioning motor 75 and the output shaft of the second dimension positioning motor 76, in this embodiment, the included angle is 90 degrees, and in other embodiments, other angles may also be used. The first dimension positioning motor 75 and the second dimension positioning motor 76 are fixedly installed through the positioning motor fixing seat 74.

As shown in fig. 23, a positioning laser exit window 7020 is disposed on the cutting head base plate 702 at a position corresponding to the first dimension positioning mirror 752 and the second dimension positioning mirror 762, and the laser light that has been positioned by the first dimension positioning mirror 752 and the second dimension positioning mirror 762 is emitted from the positioning laser exit window 7020 to the cutting nozzle 8.

As shown in fig. 24 to 26, the middle of the upper end of the cutting nozzle 8 has a large opening, the upper end 81 of the cutting nozzle is mounted below the positioning laser exit window 7020, and after the laser is emitted from the positioning laser exit window 7020, the laser is emitted into the inner cavity 80 of the cutting nozzle from the large opening in the middle of the upper end of the cutting nozzle 8. The collimating cutting mirror 9 is installed in the inner cavity 80 of the cutting nozzle, the collimating cutting mirror 9 is usually a convex lens (or other collimating lens combination), and the laser vertically downwards passes through the collimating cutting mirror 9 and then is emitted from a small opening at the lower end 82 of the cutting nozzle, that is, from the light emitting nozzle 84. The side wall of the cutting nozzle 8 is provided with an air hole 83 which penetrates into the inner cavity 80 of the cutting nozzle 8. The cutting nozzle 8 is arranged up and down, the upper opening is large, the lower opening is small, the small opening is beneficial to preventing cutting smoke dust from entering the cutting nozzle, and laser is emitted in a collimating manner through a collimating cutting mirror 9 of the cutting nozzle from top to bottom; the light exit nozzle 84 is square with rounded corners corresponding to a square cut area. The gas pocket is used for connecting the trachea, and the trachea is gaseous continuously to input in the cutting nozzle inner chamber 80 when the operation, and gaseous blowout from the light-emitting nozzle 84 prevents firstly that the smoke and dust from getting into from light-emitting nozzle 84 entering cutting nozzle inner chamber 80 when the operation, secondly blows off the smoke and dust of below, does benefit to the cutting that becomes more meticulous.

As shown in fig. 27, a cutting head internal optical path diagram of a collimated cutting laser. The emergent laser 400 is modulated by the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror to generate cutting lasers 401 with different displacements, and the cutting lasers 401 pass through the collimating cutting mirror to form collimated downward cutting lasers with different displacements, such as a first collimated cutting laser 401', a second collimated cutting laser 401 ″ and a third collimated cutting laser 401 ″, and are emitted from the light emitting nozzle 84 to the lower cutting unit region 1100, so that the plate 110 is cut.

The hypervelocity laser cutting head of this embodiment installs on current cutting machine removes the track, is used for removing the cutting head on a large scale through track parallel translation's mode, and fixes a position the cutting point fast in the cutting region of miniscope through the reflection of first dimension positioning mirror and second dimension positioning mirror, makes the vertical downward cutting of cutting laser through the collimation cutting mirror at last. The planar displacement of the laser is distributed through four dimensions. The control speed of the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror on the displacement of the cutting laser is far faster than the integral movement of the rail on the cutting head, so that the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror are used for changing the orientation of the cutting laser in a small-range plane at a high speed to realize ultra-high speed cutting. Through the combination of a large range and a small range, the cutting speed can be increased by more than 10-40 times of that of the existing cutting equipment.

Example two

The utility model provides an install high-speed laser cutting system equipment of embodiment hypervelocity laser cutting head, the cutting equipment of this embodiment is 10 ~ 50 times faster than current cutting equipment's cutting efficiency, especially to the cutting route that is more complicated, the panel that is difficult to cut more, cutting efficiency promotes more obviously.

For the purpose of illustrating the embodiments in detail, reference is made to the accompanying drawings for assisting in the description below.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the main core components of the present apparatus are disposed on a base 1, the base 1 of the present embodiment is an auxiliary stable installation component, and is shown as a thickness platform, in other embodiments, the present apparatus is not limited to a specific shape, and the conventional apparatus bases may be, for example, a table-type base, a rack-type base, etc.

As shown in fig. 7, the base 1 is a metal steel plate, and a waste port 11 is formed in the base for collecting waste such as smoke and dust.

As further shown in fig. 8 and 9, a cutting platform 12 is provided at the scrap opening 11 for placing an object to be cut, such as a sheet 110. The cutting platform 12 is mainly composed of a plurality of bars 13, and in the figure, all the bars 13 are linear, parallel to each other and arranged at a certain distance to form the cutting platform 12. In other embodiments, the bars may be in the shape of waves, arcs, rings, etc., and the bars may be interconnected to form the cutting platform 12 with a certain upper and lower gap.

The grid bars are preferably made of metal, such as steel sheet, aluminum sheet or alloy sheet, and are in a sheet structure, the upper end edge of the grid bars 13 is provided with tapered grid edges 131, and the upper end edge of the grid bars 13 is gradually reduced in thickness from bottom to top to form the tapered grid edges 131. The grating edge 131 in fig. 9 is gradually tapered upward from both sides of the grating 13, and in other embodiments, the thickness may be gradually tapered upward from one side of the grating.

When the plate is cut, the cut laser can be shot into the space (shot through) of the plate in an uncertain way and shot to the lower part of the plate, and ideally, the high-energy cut laser can directly penetrate through the gaps of the grid bars and is shot to the lower part of the waste material port, so that potential safety hazards cannot be caused; the laser is undesirably irradiated onto the bars, the bars are made of thin metal material resistant to laser ignition, when the laser is irradiated onto the bars, the bars reflect part of the laser, the cutting laser has an ultra-high energy level, and the laser energy capable of cutting the metal plate is inevitably ultra-high, so long as a little cutting laser is reflected to the human body, the human body does not have serious injury to the general parts of the human body due to the reaction speed of the human body, and the injury to the eyes is directly caused, so the safety problem of the cutting laser is extremely important. It is almost all perpendicular cutting downwards to control cutting laser usually, so even the occasional reflection of cutting laser, also can roughly control the reflection direction, for example, vertical cutting laser of beating on the bars downwards, only can shoot on the sharp point and the frontal of bars cutting edge of a knife or a sword usually, because the sharp point is very thin, the laser volume of reflection has fallen to fairly low degree, most cutting laser can be reflected by the frontal, because the contained angle of frontal and vertical direction is very little, very little with the incident direction contained angle of cutting laser promptly, cutting laser can be reflected downwards basically, shoot to waste material mouthful below.

In fig. 8, the grid bars are fixed by the platform outer frame 121 for convenient installation, and other conventional fixing methods for fixing the grid bars are also possible, or the grid bars can be directly fixed at the waste opening.

As also shown in FIGS. 2-4, in the laser cutting technique of this embodiment, the laser used is a high power laser, such as a CO laser₂The power of the laser, the solid laser, the fiber laser and the like is more than hundreds of watts, and if the laser is used for cutting a steel plate, the power is more than kilowatts and more than ten thousand watts, and the laser for cutting has the characteristics of high power, large volume and heavy weight. The laser 40 of this embodiment is fixed on the base 1 through the laser seat 401, and the light-emitting part of the laser is provided with a light-emitting head 4; preferably, a propagation light path exists between the light emitting head and the laser, and the propagation direction of the laser is changed, so that the length and the space are saved. The laser 40 of the present invention, being a large high power laser, must be fixed to the base and cannot participate in dynamic movements. The laser capable of emitting cutting laser has larger power, weight and volume than other lasers, and the commonly used high-power laser belongs to the prior art.

As shown in fig. 11 to 13, the main function of the light emitting head 4 is to add a coaxial indication laser to the cutting laser, and the light emitting head includes a flange plate 43, a first block 44, and a second block 45 fixedly connected in sequence, the flange plate 43 is used to fixedly connect the light emitting head 4 and the laser 40, and the flange plate 43 is provided with a flange hole 431 penetrating through the front and the rear of the plate for the cutting laser to enter the light emitting head 4. First set of blocks 44 and second set of blocks 45 have a pair of corresponding compound ramps that are angled at 45 degrees from the normal to flange hole 431. The light inlet hole 441 of the first block penetrates through the first block from front to back along the normal direction of the flange hole 431 and is aligned with the flange hole 431; the light exit holes 451 of the second block pass through the second block in the front-rear direction of the flange hole 431 and are aligned with the light entrance holes 441 of the first block. The flange hole 431, the light inlet hole 441 of the first block and the light outlet hole 451 of the second block are sequentially aligned along the normal direction, and are used for forming a light outlet path of the cutting laser.

An installation hole 452 for indicating a laser and an adjusting screw hole 453 for indicating the laser are arranged on the upper end face of the second block 45, the installation hole 452 for indicating the laser is communicated with a light outlet hole 451 of the second block downwards, a single-mirror installation port 455 is arranged between a light inlet hole 441 of the first block and the light outlet hole 451 of the second block, the single-mirror installation port 455 is located just below the installation hole 452 for indicating the laser, a single-mirror 42 is arranged at the single-mirror installation port 455, and a 45-degree angle is formed between the mirror face of the single-mirror 42 and the normal direction of the flange hole 431 along the combined inclined plane; the single-sided mirror has two-sided attributes, wherein the front side of the single-sided mirror is a reflecting surface, and the back side of the single-sided mirror is a transmitting surface; the cutting laser is emitted from the direction of the flange hole 431 to the back surface of the single mirror 42 and then from the front surface of the single mirror to the light exit hole 451 of the second block, so as not to affect the path of the cutting laser passing through the light exit hole. The indication laser 41 is installed at the installation hole 452 of the indication laser through the adjustment seat 411 of the indication laser, so that the indication laser emitted downwards by the indication laser 41 is emitted to the front surface of the single mirror 42, and then is reflected by the front surface of the single mirror 42 to the outside of the light outlet hole 451 of the second module. The adjusting spring 412 of the indicating laser is installed at the adjusting screw hole 453 of the indicating laser, and the three adjusting springs 412 can adjust the normal direction of a plane for aligning the emitting laser of the indicating laser 41 until the emitting laser is coaxial with the cutting laser by adjusting the three adjusting springs 412.

Along the direction of cutting laser and indicating laser emergence, the first structure of changing the light path is fixed light path reflector 5, installs on fixed light path regulating plate 51, and fixed light path regulating plate 51 passes through fixed light path base 52 to be fixed on base 1. As shown in fig. 10, the lower end of the fixed light path adjusting plate 51 is provided with a fixed screw hole 512 for fixedly connecting with the fixed light path base 52, the fixed light path adjusting plate 51 is further provided with an adjusting screw hole 511, and the back of the fixed light path reflector 5 is connected with the adjusting screw hole 511 through an adjusting screw. The fixed light path reflector 5 has the main function of folding the light path to save the length space of the equipment; and secondly, adjusting the laser direction to enable the laser direction to be parallel to the movement direction of the first-dimension track. Theoretically, if the space is not wasted, the laser direction is ensured when the laser is emitted, and the fixed light path reflecting mirror 5 can be omitted; in practice, however, because it is difficult to ensure the laser direction during the installation of the cutting laser due to engineering installation errors, it is desirable to adjust and align the direction of the cutting laser by the fixed optical path mirror 5 so that it is parallel to the direction of movement of the first-dimension track and incident on the movable optical path mirror 6.

Two first dimension rails are arranged on two sides of the cutting platform 12, and a second dimension rail is erected on the first dimension rails. In the present invention, the first linear motor track 31, the second linear motor track 32 and the third linear motor track 33 are adopted, and in other embodiments, a screw, a slide rail, etc. may also be used. The two first-dimension rails are parallel to each other and used for driving the second-dimension rail to move on the first-dimension rail. In this embodiment, the movement direction of the first dimension track and the movement direction of the second dimension track are orthogonal to each other, in other embodiments, they may not be orthogonal, and the two dimensions form a certain included angle, so that the positioning effect in the plane range can also be realized.

As shown in fig. 2 to 6, the track structure of the present embodiment adopts a linear motor track structure.

The first linear motor track 31 is a first-dimension track and structurally comprises a concave groove frame 312, magnetic sheets 313, a rotor 315, a rotor stroke sensor 316 and the like, wherein the concave groove frame 312 is fixed on the base 1, the N-pole magnetic sheets 313 and the S-pole magnetic sheets 313 are arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the concave groove in a staggered mode, the magnetic sheets 313 extend along the inner wall surfaces of the two sides, the rotor is arranged between the inner walls of the two sides, the rotor stroke sensors 316 are arranged at two ends of the concave groove and used for sensing and controlling the stroke limit of the two ends of the rotor in the concave groove, and an organ cover 311 is arranged on the upper cover of the concave groove and mainly used for preventing dust and powder from entering.

The second linear motor track 32 is a first dimensional track and comprises a concave groove frame 322, a magnetic sheet 323, a rotor 325, a rotor stroke sensor and the like, wherein the concave groove frame 322 is fixed on the base 1, the concave groove frame 322 and the concave groove frame 312 of the first linear motor track are arranged in parallel, N-pole magnetic sheets 323 and S-pole magnetic sheets are arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the concave groove in a staggered mode, the magnetic sheet 323 extends along the inner wall surfaces of two sides, the rotor is arranged between the inner walls of the two sides, the rotor stroke sensors are arranged at two ends of the concave groove and used for sensing and controlling the stroke limit of the rotor at two ends in the concave groove, and an organ cover 321 is arranged on the upper cover of the concave groove and mainly used for preventing dust and powder from entering the linear motor.

As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the third linear motor track 33 is a second-dimension track, and includes a concave slot frame 332, magnetic sheets 333, a mover 335, a mover stroke sensor 336, and the like, wherein N-pole and S-pole magnetic sheets 333 are alternately disposed on both sides of an inner wall of the concave slot, the magnetic sheets 333 extend along inner wall surfaces of both sides, the mover 335 is disposed between the inner walls of both sides, the mover stroke sensors 336 are disposed on both ends of the concave slot, and are used for sensing and controlling the stroke limit of both ends of the mover in the concave slot, and an organ cover 331 is disposed on the concave slot and is mainly used for preventing dust and debris from entering the linear motor. One end of the concave slot frame 332 is fixed on the mover 315 of the first linear motor track through the first mounting plate 3331, the other end of the concave slot frame 332 is fixed on the mover 325 of the second linear motor track through the second mounting plate 3332, and the slot direction of the concave slot frame 332 is perpendicular to the concave slot frame 322 and the concave slot frame 312, so that the whole third linear motor track 33 is driven by the mover 315 of the first linear motor track and the mover 325 of the second linear motor track to travel; and the mover 335 of the third linear motor rail moves in a direction orthogonal to the direction of the other 2 movers.

As shown in fig. 6, 15 and 16, the fixed optical path reflecting mirror 5 is provided at one end of the first linear motor track 31, fixed relative to the first linear motor track 31, and used for adjusting the laser path to be parallel to the moving direction of the mover of the first linear motor track 31, and making the laser accurately incident on the movable optical path reflecting mirror 6 interlocked with the mover 315 of the first linear motor track.

And the movable light path reflector 6 is arranged on the movable light path adjusting plate 61, and the movable light path adjusting plate 61 is fixed on the first mounting plate 3331 through the movable light path base 62 to realize integral linkage with the third linear motor track 33. The back 611 of the movable light path adjusting plate is provided with a center adjusting screw hole 612 and a side adjusting screw hole 613, the center adjusting screw hole 612 and the side adjusting screw hole 613 penetrate through the front of the movable light path adjusting plate 61 and are connected with the back of the movable light path reflecting mirror 6, and the center adjusting screw hole 612 and the side adjusting screw hole 613 are used for adjusting and calibrating the reflecting direction of the movable light path reflecting mirror 6, so that the reflecting light direction of the movable light path reflecting mirror 6 is parallel to the moving direction of the mover 335 of the third linear motor track.

The movable light path base 62 is in an irregular polygonal shape and comprises a first side 621, a second side 622 and a third side 623, an included angle between the first side 621 and the second side 622 is approximately 135 degrees, the third side 623 and the first side 621 are perpendicular to each other, and a fixing screw hole 624 is formed in the edge, close to the second side 622, of the movable light path base 62 and used for fixedly mounting the movable light path adjusting plate 61.

The movable light path adjusting plate further comprises a first L-shaped fixing frame 63, a second L-shaped fixing frame 661 and a fixing screw hole 6611 in the second L-shaped fixing frame, wherein the first L-shaped fixing frame 63 is used for further reinforcing the fixing relation between the movable light path base 62 and the first installing plate 3331, and the second L-shaped fixing frame 661 is used for further reinforcing the fixing relation between the movable light path adjusting plate 61 and the fixed movable light path base 62. In this embodiment, the fixed optical path reflecting mirror 5 and the movable optical path reflecting mirror 6 are provided on the first linear motor track side, but in other embodiments, may be provided on the second linear motor track side.

As shown in fig. 14 and 15, a cutting head fixing frame 733 is mounted on the mover 335 of the third linear motor track, and the cutting head fixing frame 733 moves along the concave slot frame 332 of the third linear motor track along with the mover 335, that is, along the second dimension direction, thereby achieving the effect of linking the cutting head fixing frame 733 and the mover 335. The cutting head 7 is installed on one side of the cutting head fixing frame 733, and the cutting head 7 is linked with the cutting head fixing frame 733 and the rotor 335. The cutting head 7 is provided with a light receiving hole 70 facing the movable light path reflector 6 for receiving the laser light reflected from the movable light path reflector 6. Still be equipped with the cutting nozzle 8 of cutting platform downwards on the cutting head 7, cutting laser or instruct laser to follow cutting nozzle 8 and jet out the back, vertical jet out downwards to cutting platform on.

The other side of the cutting head fixing frame 733 is provided with a stroke measuring sensor 371, the stroke measuring sensor 371 faces the outer side face of the concave groove frame 332, a stroke measuring sensing strip 381 corresponding to the stroke measuring sensor 371 is arranged on the outer side face of the concave groove frame 332, when the rotor 335 moves in a reciprocating mode along the second dimension, the cutting head fixing frame 733 and the cutting head 7 and the stroke measuring sensor 371 on the cutting head fixing frame are moved in a following mode, the stroke measuring sensor 371 does the following reciprocating movement along the stroke measuring sensing strip 381, real-time relative position information of the cutting head fixing frame 733 and the cutting head 7 on the cutting head fixing frame in the second dimension is measured, and the real-time relative position information is transmitted.

A front sensor piece 372 and a rear sensor piece 373 are further arranged on the cutting head fixing frame 733 on the same side as the stroke measuring sensor 371, and are respectively positioned on the front side and the rear side of the stroke measuring sensor 371 along the second dimension direction. On the outer side of the concave rack 332 on the same side as the stroke measurement sensor strip 381, a front sensor 382 is provided outside the end of the stroke measurement sensor strip 381 away from the end of the movable optical path reflecting mirror 6, and a rear sensor 383 is provided on the opposite end. When the cutting head holder 733 is moved forward to a position sensed by the front sensor piece 372 and the front sensor 382 or a position sensed by the rear sensor piece 373 and the rear sensor 383, the stroke measuring sensor 371 performs operations such as calibration and reset on the relative position data.

As shown in fig. 17 and 18, the cutting head 7 is partially hidden from view, a cutting head back plate 701 and a cutting head base plate 702 are visible, a plurality of control circuit boards are provided on the cutting head back plate 701, and a conventional control drive circuit is provided on the circuit boards. Along the sequence of incidence of laser from the light receiving hole 70 of the cutting head, an aperture plate 71, a movable focusing lens 727, a fixed focusing frame 73, a first dimension positioning lens 752, a second dimension positioning lens 762, a positioning laser exit window 7020 and a cutting nozzle 8 are arranged in the cutting head in sequence.

The first dimension track and the second dimension track of this embodiment are used for removing the cutting region on a large scale through parallel translation's mode, and come quick location cutting point in the cutting region of minim scope through the reflection of first dimension positioning mirror and second dimension positioning mirror, make the vertical cutting downwards of cutting laser through the collimation cutting mirror at last. Through the combination of a large range and a small range, the cutting speed can be increased by more than 10-40 times of that of the existing cutting equipment.

The high-speed cutting laser system of this embodiment distributes the plane displacement of laser through four dimensions, and first dimension track and second dimension track are responsible for big distance displacement, with cutting head high-speed removal to long distance department, and first dimension positioning mirror and second dimension positioning mirror are used for changing the position of cutting laser at a high speed in the small range plane and realize the hypervelocity cutting.

EXAMPLE III

This embodiment is based on the second embodiment, and the cutting nozzle and the collimating cutting lens therein are removed. The solution of the embodiment cannot be used for cutting sheet material with a certain thickness, but can be used for cutting very thin other materials, such as cardboard, leather, etc.

Example four

The embodiment is a use method of an ultra-high-speed laser cutting head, which comprises the following steps:

(3) a cutting head is arranged on the second dimension track, and the cutting head can reciprocate linearly along the direction of the second dimension track; a first dimension positioning mirror and a second dimension positioning mirror are mounted on the cutting head, the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror are controlled to rotate in a reciprocating mode through a motor, and the rotating axis of the first dimension positioning mirror and the rotating axis of the second dimension positioning mirror are arranged in a mutually crossed mode; receiving cutting laser parallel to the second dimension track by using the first dimension positioning mirror and reflecting the cutting laser to the second dimension positioning mirror;

Further comprising the steps of:

dividing the cutting platform into a plurality of cutting unit areas with cutting areas corresponding to the cooperative reflection ranges of the first-dimension positioning mirror and the second-dimension positioning mirror;

EXAMPLE five

The embodiment is another method for using an ultra-high speed laser cutting head, which comprises the following steps:

Further comprising the steps of:

(6) and the collimation cutting mirror is arranged below the second dimension positioning mirror, and the cutting laser obliquely emitted out is refracted to the normal direction by the collimation cutting mirror, so that the included angle between the cutting laser and the normal direction is reduced or is parallel to the normal direction.

Further comprising the steps of:

EXAMPLE six

Further comprising the steps of:

utilize first dimension positioning mirror and second dimension positioning mirror control cutting laser, last the cutting in the cutting range that the collimation cutting mirror covered, control first dimension track and second dimension track removal cutting head simultaneously, be close to the central point that the collimation cutting mirror covered towards cutting point direction in real time.

EXAMPLE seven

Further comprising the steps of:

And when the center point covered by the collimating cutting mirror and the cutting point are close to each other to a certain distance, the cutting point stops being close to each other, and when the cutting point is far away from the center point covered by the collimating cutting mirror again to a certain distance, the cutting point is controlled to be close to each other again.

Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope and spirit of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an ultra-high speed laser cutting head, is applied to laser cutting equipment on, its characterized in that includes: the laser cutting device comprises a shell, wherein one side of the shell is provided with a laser receiving hole for receiving cutting laser to be shot into the shell;

the collimation cutting mirror is positioned below the second dimension positioning mirror and used for refracting the cutting laser which is obliquely emitted towards the normal direction, so that the cutting laser is emitted after an included angle between the cutting laser and the normal direction is reduced;

the diaphragm hole is formed by surrounding the inner side surface of the diaphragm limiting ring, and the inner side surface of the diaphragm limiting ring is also formed as the inner wall of the diaphragm hole; the light limiting ring is higher than the bottom surface of the light collecting groove, the inner wall of the light collecting groove, which is in transition with the front surface of the aperture plate, of the light collecting groove is vertical to the surface of the aperture plate, and the outer wall of the light limiting ring is formed as the wall surface in transition between the light collecting groove and the light limiting ring, which is vertical to the surface of the aperture plate.

2. The ultrahigh-speed laser cutting head according to claim 1, wherein the movable focusing lens group comprises a movable focusing lens and a fixed focusing lens, the movable focusing lens adopts the concave lens, and the fixed focusing lens adopts the convex lens; the fixed focusing lens is fixed on the light path of the cutting laser, and the movable focusing lens moves linearly in a reciprocating manner along the direction of the cutting light path.

3. The ultrafast laser cutting head of claim 2, further comprising a half crescent shaped focusing lens holder, wherein the movable focusing lens is fixed on the half crescent shaped focusing lens holder, the focusing lens holder is fixed on the focusing slider, the focusing slider is movably mounted on the focusing slide rail, the focusing slide rail and the focusing slider are connected in a matching manner, the focusing slide rail is arranged in a direction parallel to the cutting laser path, the focusing slider can be driven to slide on the slide rail in a fast reciprocating manner to drive the focusing lens holder and the movable focusing lens to follow the reciprocating movement;

4. The ultra-high speed laser cutting head of claim 1, wherein the first dimension positioning mirror is connected to an output shaft of a first dimension positioning motor, and the fourth dimension positioning joint is connected to an output shaft of a second dimension positioning motor; the output shaft of the first dimension positioning motor and the output shaft of the second dimension positioning motor form a certain space included angle, and the first dimension positioning motor and the second dimension positioning motor are fixedly installed through a positioning motor fixing seat.

5. The ultra-high-speed laser cutting head of claim 1, wherein a positioning laser exit window is arranged on a bottom plate of the cutting head housing, the positioning laser exit window is positioned below the second dimension positioning mirror, and cutting laser reflected by the second dimension positioning mirror is emitted downwards from the positioning laser exit window;

6. The ultra-high speed laser cutting head of claim 5 wherein the cutting tip is provided with an air hole at a side thereof for connecting with an air pipe, and during cutting operation, air enters the inner cavity of the cutting tip through the air hole and is ejected from the lower end opening of the cutting tip.

7. A method of using the ultra high speed laser cutting head of claim 1, comprising:

(4) utilizing a second dimension positioning mirror to reflect the received cutting laser downwards towards the direction of the cutting platform;

(5) a movable focusing lens group is arranged on a light path of the cutting laser, and the light paths of the cutting laser to different positions on a cutting platform are calculated in real time by utilizing a stroke sensor and a controller, so that the movable focusing lens group is controlled to adjust the cutting focus of the cutting laser in real time;

8. The use method of claim 7, wherein the first dimension positioning mirror and the second dimension positioning mirror are used for controlling the cutting laser to continuously cut within the cutting range covered by the collimation cutting mirror, and the first dimension track and the second dimension track are controlled to move the cutting head to enable the central point covered by the collimation cutting mirror to approach towards the cutting point in real time.

9. The use method of claim 8, wherein the approaching is stopped when the center point covered by the collimating cutting mirror approaches the cutting point to a certain distance, and the approaching is controlled again when the cutting point moves away from the center point covered by the collimating cutting mirror to a certain distance again.