CN109137486A - 一种钴-锌-磷磁性复合纤维及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种钴-锌-磷磁性复合纤维及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109137486A
CN109137486A CN201710461040.XA CN201710461040A CN109137486A CN 109137486 A CN109137486 A CN 109137486A CN 201710461040 A CN201710461040 A CN 201710461040A CN 109137486 A CN109137486 A CN 109137486A
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刘志红
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Abstract

一种钴‑镍‑磷非晶合金复合纤维长度可连续，断面为圆形、异形等形状，复合纤维的外径为0.01‑0.2mm，复合纤维芯丝直径为0.005‑0.08mm；复合纤维的包覆层为钴‑锌‑磷磁性金属，具体成分的质量百分比为Co为65‑90%，Zn为5‑20%，P为5‑15%，复合纤维的芯丝材质为聚合物。复合纤维的生产步骤为：(1) 采用碱性溶液，对聚合物纤维进行除油脱脂；(2) 采用铬酐和硫酸溶液进行纤维表面的粗化；粗化液组成为铬酐30‑100g/L、200‑400ml/L 硫酸：(3) 采用酸性的锡盐溶液进行纤维的敏化；敏化液组成为氯化锡5‑15g/L，盐酸20‑50ml/L；(4) 采用硝酸银和氨水溶液进行纤维表面的活化；(5) 纤维的化学镀钴‑锌‑磷合金；(6) 纤维电刷镀钴‑锌‑磷合金。

Description

一种钴-锌-磷磁性复合纤维及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及到金属复合纤维的生产领域，尤其是涉及一种钴-锌-磷磁性复合纤维及制备方法。
背景技术
软磁材料的功能主要是导磁、电磁能量的转换与传输。目前，应用于软磁材料大体上可分为四类：合金薄带或薄片；非晶态合金薄带；磁介质粉料，经电绝缘介质包覆和粘合后按要求压制成形；铁氧体。以过渡金属（铁、钴、镍）为基质的非晶合金具有优异的软磁性，饱和磁感应强度高和交流损耗低，可广泛应用于高、低频变压器（部分代替硅钢片和坡莫合金）、磁传感器、记录磁头、磁屏蔽材料等。随着电子工程技术的迅速发展，先进软磁材料的研制和开发逐渐成为该领域的一个热点。采用过渡金属（铁、钴、镍）为基质的纤维制备磁介质粉体材料，可显著提高器件的软磁性能。同时，对钴-锌-磷合金的研究表明，具有较高的析氢催化活性，有利于降低槽压，提高效率。目前，对钴锌磷合金的相关研究更多集中工艺以及平板类镀层的相关领域。
针对以上不足，提出一种钴-锌-磷磁性复合纤维及制备方法，钴-锌-磷磁性复合纤维可用来织成布作于催化剂，可极大增加钴锌磷催化剂反应的表面积，同时，此纤维可广泛应用于磁介质粉体、电磁波吸收剂、催化剂等。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种钴-锌-磷非晶合金复合纤维，复合纤维长度可连续，断面为圆形、异形等形状，复合纤维的外径为0.01-0.2mm，复合纤维芯丝直径为0.005-0.08mm；复合纤维的包覆层为钴-锌-磷磁性金属，具体成分的质量百分比为Co为65-90%，Zn为5-20%，P为5-15%，复合纤维的芯丝材质为聚合物。
一种钴-锌-磷磁性复合纤维的制备方法，其生产工艺流程为：对聚合物纤维进行表面处理（除油脱脂、粗化、敏化、活化）、聚合物纤维的化学镀钴-锌-磷、电镀钴-锌-磷合金镀层制成复合纤维。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的方案，具体步骤为：
(1) 采用碱性溶液，对聚合物纤维进行除油脱脂；
(2) 采用铬酐和硫酸溶液进行纤维表面的粗化；粗化液组成为铬酐30-100g/L 、200-400ml/L 硫酸，：
(3) 采用酸性的锡盐溶液进行纤维的敏化；敏化液组成为氯化锡5-15g/L，盐酸20-50ml/L ：
(4) 采用硝酸银和氨水溶液进行纤维表面的活化；
(5) 纤维的化学镀钴-锌-磷合金，溶液组成为：硫酸钴0.05-0.5mol/L，硫酸锌或氯化锌0.01-0.05mol/L，次磷酸钠0.01-0.15mol/L，羧酸盐0.05-0.2 mol/L，铵盐1-5g/L，滴定强碱溶液Ph值为8-10，化学镀时溶液温度为70-90℃，化学镀时间为0.5-2min；
(6) 纤维电刷镀钴-锌-磷合金
电刷镀溶液组成：可溶性钴盐0.5-2.5mol/L、酸0.05-0.2mol/L、可溶性锌盐0.2-1mol/L、亚磷酸或次磷酸盐0.1-0.5 mol/L、 络合剂0.5-15g/L、余量水；
上述酸包括硼酸、磷酸、羧酸等多元中强酸；
上述络合剂为羧酸盐、糖精等；
制备工艺参数为：阳极采用石墨板，电极的电流密度为0.05-0.5A/mm2，电刷镀纤维，电极相对运动速度为5-20m/min（优选10-15m/min），滴定强酸溶液使镀液Ph值3-6，施镀温度为60-80℃。
本发明的优点是：
（1）选择不同直径或异形截面的聚丙烯纤维，可制备不同规铬和断面形状的连续钴-锌-磷磁性合金包覆复合纤维；
（2）可通过调整电镀工艺的时间，可获得具有不同比例构成的钴-锌-磷磁性合金复合纤维；
（3）与传统制备方法相比，可制备超长的钴-镍-磷复合纤维，纤维长度不受本工艺条件的限制，仅取决于原聚合物纤维的长度；
（4）采用复合纤维结构制备电磁波吸收剂时，有利于减轻材料的重量，并由于复合界面的不平整导致的反射和散射，进一步增强复合材料的吸波性能；
（5）可把复合纤维来回缠绕于架子之上用作于液态与气态反应的催化剂，既增大了反应面积，又保证了反应物质的流动与交换，可极大提高催化效率；同时可无需承载粉末催化剂的载体。
具体实施方式：
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
实施例1：钴-锌-磷磁性复合纤维的成形工艺
（1）纤维的表面处理：采用φ0.01 mm的聚丙烯纤维，采用氢氧化钠溶液进行化学除油脱脂；
（2）粗化的水溶液配比为80g/L 铬酐、300ml/L 硫酸，粗化处理温度为60℃，粗化处理时间20min；
（3）纤维的敏化，敏化液组成为氯化锡8g/L，盐酸40ml/L ，敏化处理时间3min；
（4）采用硝酸银和氨水溶液进行纤维表面的活化，活化后的纤维经甲醛溶液还原；
(5) 纤维的化学镀钴-镍-磷合金，溶液组成为：硫酸钴0.15mol/L，硫酸锌0.03mol/L，次磷酸钠0.08mol/L，羧酸盐0.15 mol/L，铵盐2g /L，滴定氨水溶液Ph值为8.5，化学镀时溶液温度为75℃，化学镀时间为0.5min；
(6) 纤维电刷镀钴-锌-磷合金
电刷镀溶液组成：可溶性钴盐2.5mol/L（优选2-3.5mol/L）、硼酸0.6 mol/L、可溶性锌盐0.7 mol/L、亚磷酸或次磷酸盐0.55 mol/L、柠檬酸钠5g/L、糖精1 g/L、余量水；
制备工艺参数为：阳极采用石墨板，电极的电流密度为0.05A/mm2，电刷镀纤维，电极相对运动速度为10m/min，滴定强酸溶液使镀液Ph值1-3，施镀温度为45℃。
实施例2：钴-镍-磷磁性复合纤维的成形工艺
（1）纤维的表面处理：采用φ0.015 mm的聚丙烯纤维，采用氢氧化钠溶液进行化学除油脱脂；
（2）粗化的水溶液配比为65g/L 铬酐、250ml/L 硫酸，粗化处理温度为60℃，粗化处理时间30min；
（3）纤维的敏化，敏化液组成为氯化锡6.5g/L，盐酸30ml/L ，敏化处理时间2min；
（4）采用硝酸银和氨水溶液进行纤维表面的活化，活化后的纤维经甲醛溶液还原；
(5) 纤维的化学镀钴-镍-磷合金，溶液组成为：硫酸钴0.2mol/L，氯化锌0.03mol/L，次磷酸钠0.08mol/L，羧酸盐0.08 mol/L，铵盐3 g /L，滴定氨水溶液Ph值为9，化学镀时溶液温度为80℃，化学镀时间为0.5min；
(6) 纤维电刷镀钴-镍-磷合金
电刷镀溶液组成：可溶性钴盐3mol/L（优选2-3.5mol/L）、磷酸0.4mol/L、可溶性锌盐0.8mol/L、亚磷酸0.4mol/L、羧酸盐0.07mol/L、 糖精4g/L、余量水；
制备工艺参数为：阳极采用石墨板，电极的电流密度为0.1A/mm2，电刷镀纤维，电极相对运动速度为5m/min，滴定强酸溶液使镀液Ph值3，施镀温度为50℃。

Claims (4)

1.一种钴-镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维，其特征在于，纤维长度可连续，断面为圆形、异形等形状，复合纤维的外径为0.01-0.2mm，复合纤维芯丝直径为0.005-0.08mm；复合纤维的包覆层为钴-锌-磷磁性金属，具体成分的质量百分比为Co为65-90%，Zn为5-20%，P为5-15%，复合纤维的芯丝材质为聚合物。
2.一种钴-锌-磷磁性复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，生产步骤为：(1) 采用碱性溶液，对聚合物纤维进行除油脱脂；(2) 采用铬酐和硫酸溶液进行纤维表面的粗化；粗化液组成为铬酐30-100g/L 、200-400ml/L 硫酸：(3) 采用酸性的锡盐溶液进行纤维的敏化；敏化液组成为氯化锡5-15g/L，盐酸20-50ml/L ；(4) 采用硝酸银和氨水溶液进行纤维表面的活化； (5) 纤维的化学镀钴-锌-磷合金； (6) 纤维电刷镀钴-锌-磷合金。
3.权利2要求2所述，化学镀溶液组成为：硫酸钴0.05-0.5mol/L，硫酸锌或氯化锌0.01-0.05mol/L，次磷酸钠0.01-0.15mol/L，羧酸盐0.05-0.2 mol/L，铵盐1-5g/L，滴定强碱溶液Ph值为8-10，化学镀时溶液温度为70-90℃，化学镀时间为0.5-2min。
4.权利要求2所述，电刷镀溶液组成为：可溶性钴盐0.5-2.5mol/L、酸0.05-0.2mol/L、可溶性锌盐0.2-1 mol/L、亚磷酸或次磷酸盐0.1-0.5 mol/L、 络合剂0.5-15g/L、余量水；
上述酸包括硼酸、磷酸、羧酸等多元中强酸；
上述络合剂为羧酸盐、糖精等；
电刷镀制备工艺参数为：阳极采用石墨板，电极的电流密度为0.05-0.5A/mm2，在布线平面两侧电刷镀纤维，电极相对运动速度为5-20m/min（优选10-15m/min），滴定强酸溶液使镀液Ph值3-6，施镀温度为60-80℃。
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