CN108265512A - 一种镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108265512A
CN108265512A CN201710000362.4A CN201710000362A CN108265512A CN 108265512 A CN108265512 A CN 108265512A CN 201710000362 A CN201710000362 A CN 201710000362A CN 108265512 A CN108265512 A CN 108265512A
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罗奕兵
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Abstract

一种镍‑磷非晶合金复合纤维，复合纤维为圆形断面，包覆层为镍‑磷非晶态合金，具体成分为Ni75‑95%，P5‑25%，芯丝材质为聚合物，复合纤维外径为0.01‑0.1mm，芯丝直径为0.005‑0.08mm。一种镍‑磷非晶合金复合纤维的制备方法：（1）采用框架形式布线；(2)聚合物纤维的表面处理；（3）纤维化学镀镍‑磷合金；（4）电刷镀镍‑磷非晶合金复合纤维。

Description

一种镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及到金属复合纤维领域，尤其是涉及一种镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维及其制备方法。
背景技术
软磁材料的功能主要是导磁、电磁能量的转换与传输。目前，应用于软磁材料大体上可分为四类：合金薄带或薄片；非晶态合金薄带；磁介质粉料，经电绝缘介质包覆和粘合后按要求压制成形；铁氧体。以过渡金属（铁、钴、镍）为基质的非晶合金具有优异的软磁性，饱和磁感应强度高和交流损耗低，可广泛应用于高、低频变压器（部分代替硅钢片和坡莫合金）、磁传感器、记录磁头、磁屏蔽材料等。随着电子工程技术的迅速发展，先进软磁材料的研制和开发逐渐成为该领域的一个热点。采用过渡金属（铁、钴、镍）为基质的非晶合金粉末或纤维制备磁介质粉体材料，可显著提高器件的软磁性能。
非晶合金材料的制备方法，根据材料原始状态的不同可粗略地将这些方法分为：液相法、气相法与固相法。液相法的思想是先将母合金熔配均匀，然后采用提纯和快冷的方式使合金液在短时间内急冷成形，该类法的主要优点是制备简便、周期短，但是所制备合金的尺寸在很大程度上受合金非晶形成能力的限制。这类方法主要有：水淬法、铜模铸造法、高压模铸法、吸铸法、压铸法等。气相法包括真空蒸发、溅射、辉光放电及CVD等方法，得到的是薄膜状非晶态材料。这类方法适于制备α -Ge、及α -Si其它四度配位的化合物非晶态半导体。固相法包括热分解，中子照射、冲击等，如采用固相热分解制备玻璃碳等。在制备薄膜材料的时候，比较容易获得非晶态结构。这是因为薄膜制备方法可以比较容易地造成形成非晶结构的外界条件，即较高的过冷度和低的原子扩散能力。
本发明针对以上问题，提出一种镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维及其制备方法。此纤维可广泛应用于磁介质粉体，提高其软磁性能。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维，复合纤维为圆形断面，复合纤维包覆层为镍-磷非晶态合金，具体成分为Ni75-95%，P5-25%，复合纤维芯丝材质为聚合物，复合纤维外径为0.01-0.1mm，复合纤维芯丝直径为0.005-0.08mm。
镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维的制备方法：对聚合物纤维进行表面处理（粗化、敏化、活化）、纤维的化学镀镍-磷合金、电刷镀镍-磷非晶合金制成复合纤维。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的方案，包括以下步骤：
（1）采用框架形式，使聚合物纤维在同一平面内等距分布，且分布平面的两侧面均无遮挡，聚合物纤维间距1-3mm；
(2)聚合物纤维的表面处理：采用碱性溶液进行化学除油，采用铬酐和硫酸溶液进行纤维表面的粗化，采用酸性的锡盐溶液进行纤维的敏化，采用硝酸银和氨水溶液进行纤维表面的活化；
（3）纤维的化学镀镍-磷合金，
溶液组成为：镍离子0.05-0.15mol/L，酒石酸0.2-1 mol/L，次磷酸钠0.2-0.5mol/L，滴定氨水溶液Ph值为8-10，化学镀时间为0.5-2min；
（4）电刷镀镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维，
电镀液组成：镍盐（硫酸镍、氯化镍或两者的混合物）1-4.5mol/L（优选2-3.5mol/L）、酸0.2-1mol/L、亚磷酸或次磷酸盐0.3-0.8mol/L，络合剂0.5-5g/L、还原剂0.5-3gl/L、余量水；
上述酸包括硼酸、磷酸、羧酸等；
上述络合剂包括酒石酸、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、柠檬酸盐等；
制备工艺参数为：阳极采用石墨板，电极的电流密度为0.05-0.5A/mm2，在布线平面两侧电刷镀纤维，电极相对运动速度为5-20m/min（优选10-15m/min），滴定强酸溶液使镀液Ph值1-3，施镀温度为30-60℃。
本发明的优点是：
（1）选择不同直径或异形截面的聚丙烯纤维，可制备不同规铬和断面形状的磁性金属连续纤维管；
（2）可通过调整电镀工艺的时间，可获得具有不同比例构成的铁-镍-铜氧体长纤维管；
（3）与传统制备方法相比，可制备超长的铁-镍-磷复合纤维，纤维长度不受本工艺条件的限制，仅取决于原聚丙烯纤维的长度；
（4）采用复合纤维结构，本发明制备的复合纤维可有利于减轻磁性材料的重量，并由于复合界面的反射和散射，使非晶合金复合纤维展现一些独有的特性。
具体实施方式：
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
实施例1：φ 0.02 mm镍-磷复合纤维的成形工艺
（1）选择φ 0.01 mm聚丙烯连续性纤维，采用塑料框架布线，使纤维间距为1.5mm；
（2）纤维的表面处理：先采用10%wt氢氧化钠溶液进行化学除油5min；粗化的水溶液配比为80g/L 铬酐、300ml/L 硫酸，粗化处理温度为60℃，粗化处理时间20min；敏化液组成为氯化锡8g/L，盐酸40ml/L ，敏化处理时间3min；采用硝酸银和氨水溶液进行纤维表面的活化，活化后的纤维经甲醛溶液还原；
（3）纤维的化学镀镍-磷合金，溶液成分为：氯化镍0.1mol/L，酒石酸0.35 mol/L，次磷酸钠0.2mol/L，滴定氨水溶液Ph值为8.5，化学镀时间为1min；
（4）电刷镀镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维
电镀液组成：氯化镍3mol/L、硼酸0.45mol/L、亚磷酸0.4mol/L，柠檬酸钠1.2g/L、余量水；
制备工艺参数为：阳极采用石墨板，电极的电流密度为0.05A/mm2，在布线平面两侧电刷镀，电极相对运动速度为5-20m/min（优选10-15m/min），滴定强酸溶液使镀液Ph值2，施镀温度为45℃。

Claims (2)

1.一种镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维，其特征在于，复合纤维为圆形断面，复合纤维包覆层为镍-磷非晶态合金，具体成分为Ni75-95%，P5-25%，复合纤维芯丝材质为聚合物，复合纤维外径为0.01-0.1mm，复合纤维芯丝直径为0.005-0.08mm。
2.一种镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，制备方法如下：
（1）采用框架形式，使聚合物纤维在同一平面内等距分布，且分布平面的两侧面均无遮挡；
(2)聚合物纤维的表面处理；
（3）纤维的化学镀镍-磷合金，
溶液组成为：镍离子0.05-0.15mol/L，酒石酸0.2-1 mol/L，次磷酸钠0.2-0.5mol/L，滴定氨水溶液Ph值为8-10，化学镀时间为0.5-2min；
（4）电刷镀镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维，
电镀液组成：镍盐（硫酸镍、氯化镍或两者的混合物）1-4.5mol/L（优选2-3.5mol/L）、酸0.2-1mol/L、亚磷酸或次磷酸盐0.3-0.8mol/L，络合剂0.5-5g/L、还原剂0.5-3gl/L、余量水；
上述酸包括硼酸、磷酸、羧酸等；
上述络合剂包括酒石酸、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、柠檬酸盐等；
制备工艺参数为：阳极采用石墨板，电极的电流密度为0.05-0.5A/mm2，在布线平面两侧电刷镀纤维，电极相对运动速度为5-20m/min（优选10-15m/min），滴定强酸溶液使镀液Ph值1-3，施镀温度为30-60℃。
CN201710000362.4A 2017-01-02 2017-01-02 一种镍-磷非晶合金复合纤维及其制备方法 Pending CN108265512A (zh)

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