CN109135875B - 船用串洗油组合物及其用途 - Google Patents

船用串洗油组合物及其用途 Download PDF

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CN109135875B
CN109135875B CN201810838206.XA CN201810838206A CN109135875B CN 109135875 B CN109135875 B CN 109135875B CN 201810838206 A CN201810838206 A CN 201810838206A CN 109135875 B CN109135875 B CN 109135875B
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巩亚
何晓瑛
益梅蓉
周霞
韩旭燕
谢文秀
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种船用串洗油组合物及其用途，主要解决在传统管道清洗方法中，采用将来管道中工作油作为清洗油，不同工作油性质和粘度不同，造成油路污染导致相关设备损坏；同时对润滑管理带来不便，清洗效果不理想的问题。本发明通过采用以重量份数计包含以下组份：a)100份矿物基础油；b)0.01～2.0份抗氧剂；c)0.01～0.5钝化剂；d)0.01～0.5防锈剂的技术方案较好的解决了该问题。本发明具有较好的清洗效果及与工作油品的兼容性，可用于船舶管道及其设备、附件的清洗。

Description

船用串洗油组合物及其用途
技术领域
本发明涉及一种船用串洗油组合物及其用途。
背景技术
船舶管道是用来连接船上设置的辅助机械、设备、仪表及附件等，以保证船舶动力装置可靠正常地工作及船舶安全航行，专门输送流体(液体或气体)。
在船舶管道的制造、运输和安装过程中，因为不同原因不可避免的使管道内壁沾染杂质，并在运行过程中进入重要机件，导致设备受损。尤其是液压系统，绝大部分故障直接与管道或油液污染有关，对油液清洁度要求较高。因此，船舶管道在安装结束后，必须对管道内壁进行清洗。一般需要清洗的船舶管道有燃油管系、滑油管系、液压管系、遥控管系等。
目前，传统的清洗方法包括化学清洗(酸洗)、气体清洗、油液清洗(投油)。所谓的投油即在船舶管道及其设备、附件在船上安装结束后，采用专门的清洗泵向船舶管道中循环泵送清洗油。为了达到清洗效果，要求采用与将来管道中的工作油性质相似或相同的清洗油，并以清洗油粘度比工作油粘度低为佳。但是由于不同管系工作油性质不同，种类繁多，增加清洗成本。同时在清洗中容易相互混油，污染管系，造成设备损坏等问题。
通过国内外专利及文献查询，目前未发现相关船用串洗油组合物的专利。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题之一是在传统的船舶管系清洗中，由于不同管系工作油性质不同，种类繁多，清洗成本较高。同时在清洗中容易相互混油，污染管系及设备，造成机械损坏等问题。提供一种船用串洗油组合物。本发明所要解决的技术问题之二是提供一种所述船用串洗油组合物的用途。该组合物与船舶管系工作油具有较好的兼容性，可以满足不同管系的正常清洗要求，避免不同清洗油相互污染，造成设备损坏及对后续工作油的使用性能的影响。
为解决上述技术问题之一，本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种船用串洗油组合物，以重量份数计包含以下组份：
a)100份矿物基础油；
b)0.01～2.0份抗氧剂；
c)0.01～0.5钝化剂；
d)0.01～0.5防锈剂；
所述抗氧剂选自2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚、3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙烯酸酯、四[β(3,5- 二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、N-苯基-α-萘胺或烷基化二苯胺中的至少一种；
所述钝化剂选自苯三唑衍生物或噻二唑衍生物中的至少一种；
所述防锈剂选自石油磺酸钙、十二烯基丁二酸或烯基丁二酸半酯中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一个方面，以重量份数计，抗氧剂的用量为0.02～1.0份，钝化剂的用量为0.03～0.2份，防锈剂的用量为0.05～0.3份。
根据本发明的一个方面，所述抗氧剂选自2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、N-苯基-α-萘胺或烷基化二苯胺中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一个方面，所述苯三唑衍生物选自N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基-烷基苯三唑或苯三唑、醛和胺缩合物中的至少一种，优选N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基-烷基苯三唑。
根据本发明的一个方面，所述噻二唑衍生物选自2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物或二正辛基二硫混合物中的至少一种，优选2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物。
根据本发明的一个方面，所述矿物基础油选自溶剂精制基础油，粘度指数不低于85。
根据本发明的一个方面，所述组合物中还包括选自破乳剂或抗泡剂中的至少一种；以重量份数计，破乳剂的用量为0.001～0.05份，抗泡剂的用量为0.001～0.05份；其中，所述破乳剂选自环氧聚合物、聚醚类或磷酸三甲酚酯中的至少一种，所述抗泡剂选自甲基硅油、乙基硅油或丙烯酸酯与醚共聚物中的至少一种。
本发明的船用串洗油组合物的制备方法为：将所需量的抗氧剂、钝化剂、防锈剂在50～80℃温度下加入基础油中，搅拌0.5～2小时，使其全部溶解；将温度控制在45～65℃下将破乳剂、抗泡剂加入到上述混合物中即可得到本发明的组合物。
为解决上述技术问题之二，本发明采用的技术方案如下：所述的船用串洗油组合物用于船舶管系的清洗。其中所述船用串洗油组合物的组份、重量份数以及优选范围与解决技术问题之一所采取的技术方案中的相同。
本发明采用以下各种试验方法来对所述船用串洗油组合物的性能进行评定，其中有石油产品粘度指数计算法(GB/T 1995)，润滑油氧化安定性的测定法(SH/T 0193)，加抑制剂矿物油在水存在下防锈试验法(GB/T11143)，电力用油中颗粒污染度测量方法(DL/T432)，润滑剂抗乳化性能测定法(GB/T7305)，润滑油泡沫特性测定法(GB/T 12579)，润滑油相容性测定法(Q/SHGQ01.475)。
本发明采用了对抗氧剂、防锈剂、钝化剂、破乳剂和抗泡剂进行适当组合和筛选。所述抗氧剂选自2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、N-苯基-α-萘胺或烷基化二苯胺中的至少一种。所述钝化剂选自N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基-烷基苯三唑和2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物中的至少一种。充分利用了各组份的协同作用，使得组合物能够具有优良的抗氧化性(采用润滑油氧化安定性的测定法(SH/T 0193)方法测试的旋转氧弹不小于200min)、良好的防锈性能(采用加抑制剂矿物油在水存在下防锈试验法(GB/T11143)方法测试液相锈蚀为无锈)、良好的抗乳化性(采用润滑剂抗乳化性能测定法(GB/T7305)方法测试抗乳化值不大于30min)、良好的清洁度等级(采用电力用油中颗粒污染度测量方法(DL/T 432)法测试油品清洁度不高于9级)、良好的抗泡沫性(采用润滑油泡沫特性测定法(GB/T 12579)测定泡沫特性为24℃不大于50/0、93.5℃不大于50/0、后24℃不大于50/0)及与船舶管系工作油良好的兼容性(采用润滑油相容性测定法(Q/SHGQ01.475)测试的与不同工作油的混兑实验结果为可以混兑)，取得了较好的技术效果。
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步的阐述。
具体实施方式
【实施例1～6】
按照表1中的重量份数，分别称取所需量的抗氧剂、钝化剂、防锈剂加入至基础油(黏度等级为32)中，在70℃下加热搅拌至完全均匀，然后降低温度至60℃下加入破乳剂、抗泡剂，搅拌至完全均匀得到所述船用串洗组合物。组合物中各组份的种类及用量，具体见表1。
T501为2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚；T531为N-苯基-α-萘胺；T534为烷基化二苯胺；T551为N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基-烷基苯三唑；T561为2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物；T746 为烯基丁二酸；T747A为烯基丁二酸半酯；
【实施例7】
对【实施例1～6】中的组合物的粘度指数、旋转氧弹、液相锈蚀、泡沫特性、抗乳化性能、清洁度及各组合物与船舶管系工作油兼容性进行测试，试验结果见表2和表3。
对【实施例1～6】中各组合物进行了粘度指数、旋转氧弹、液相锈蚀、泡沫特性、抗乳化和清洁度性能测试。【实施例1～6】中各组合物的粘度指数均不小于85，旋转氧弹均不低于200min，液相锈蚀结果均为无锈，破乳化性能均不大于30min，抗泡性能在 24℃、93.5℃、后24℃分别不大于50/0、50/0、50/0，清洁度为8级，见表2。说明各组合物均可以满足船用串洗油的清洗要求。同时对【实施例1～6】中各组合物进行了与船舶管系工作油的兼容性测试。【实施例1～6】中各组合物的混兑实验结果显示与船用系统油、液压油、中速机油、导热油、船用柴油、齿轮油均可以兼容(以上油品不限品牌)，见表3。说明各组合物与船舶管系工作油具有良好的兼容性。
综合上述对【实施例1～6】的粘度指数、旋转氧弹、液相锈蚀、泡沫特性、抗乳化、清洁度性能及各组合物与船舶管系工作油兼容性等的测试结果，说明了本发明组合物满足船舶管系的清洗要求(采用石油产品粘度指数计算法(GB/T 1995)法测试的粘度指数不低于85、采用润滑油氧化安定性的测定法(SH/T 0193)方法测试的旋转氧弹不小于 200min、采用加抑制剂矿物油在水存在下防锈试验法(GB/T11143)方法测试液相锈蚀为无锈、采用润滑剂抗乳化性能测定法(GB/T7305)方法测试抗乳化值不大于30min、采用润滑油泡沫特性测定法(GB/T 12579)测定泡沫特性为24℃不大于50/0、93.5℃不大于50/0、后24℃不大于50/0、采用电力用油中颗粒污染度测量方法(DL/T 432)法测试油品清洁度不高于9级)，良好的与船舶管系工作油兼容性(采用润滑油相容性测定法(Q/SHGQ01.475)测试的与不同工作油的混兑实验结果均可以混兑)。不仅可以较好满足各船舶管系清洗要求，还与各管系工作油有较好的兼容性，清洗后不影响工作油的正常使用性能。
表1
Figure BDA0001744964360000051
表2
Figure BDA0001744964360000052
表3
Figure BDA0001744964360000053
兼容：+不兼容：-。

Claims (6)

1.一种船用串洗油组合物用于船舶管道及其设备、附件的清洗的用途，所述船用串洗油组合物，以重量份数计由以下组份组成：
a)100份矿物基础油；
b)0.01～2.0份抗氧剂；
c)0.01～0.5份钝化剂；
d)0.01～0.5份防锈剂；
e)选自破乳剂或抗泡剂中的至少一种；以重量份数计，破乳剂的用量为0.001～0.05份，抗泡剂的用量为0.001～0.05份；
所述抗氧剂选自2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚、3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙烯酸酯、四[β(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、N-苯基-α-萘胺或烷基化二苯胺中的至少一种；
所述钝化剂选自苯三唑衍生物或噻二唑衍生物中的至少一种；
所述防锈剂选自石油磺酸钙、十二烯基丁二酸或烯基丁二酸半酯中的至少一种；
所述破乳剂选自环氧聚合物、聚醚类或磷酸三甲酚酯中的至少一种；
所述抗泡剂选自甲基硅油、乙基硅油或丙烯酸酯与醚共聚物中的至少一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的船用串洗油组合物的用途，其特征在于，以重量份数计，抗氧剂的用量为0.02～1.0份，钝化剂的用量为0.03～0.2份，防锈剂的用量为0.05～0.3份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的船用串洗油组合物的用途，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂选自2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、N-苯基-α-萘胺或烷基化二苯胺中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的船用串洗油组合物的用途，其特征在于，所述苯三唑衍生物选自N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基-烷基苯三唑或苯三唑、醛和胺缩合物中的至少一种；所述噻二唑衍生物选自2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物或二正辛基二硫混合物中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求4所述的船用串洗油组合物的用途，其特征在于，所述苯三唑衍生物选自N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基-烷基苯三唑，所述噻二唑衍生物选自2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的船用串洗油组合物的用途，其特征在于，所述矿物基础油选自溶剂精制基础油，粘度指数不低于85。
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