CN109122562A - 一种黑斑蛙的培育方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种黑斑蛙的培育方法，包括蛙池建造、投放前准备、蝌蚪的饲养管理、幼蛙的管理、成蛙的管理，具有以下优点：本发明所使用的喂养饲料可以满足黑斑蛙各阶段的营养要求，不仅可以有效提高其免疫力和抗病力，增加成活率；2、采用中草药制剂进行投喂，中草药之间的协同作用可以提高黑斑蛙的免疫力，为食用完的中草药制剂对养殖水进行灭菌和水质净化，不仅可以有效杀死池水中的致病菌，改善黑斑蛙的养殖环境，提高其成活率，同时也不会产生毒副作用，养殖废水不会对环境造成负担；3、因为青蛙是肉食性动物，且喜欢捕捉活动饵料，在较高密度情况下，青蛙捕食同类的情况非常普遍，本发明提供的养殖方法只投放人工饲料，不需要活饵，有效降低了养殖管理难度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水产养殖领域，特别涉及一种黑斑蛙的培育方法。
背景技术
黑斑蛙，又名青蛙，因其肉味鲜美，历来是我国人民喜食的美味佳肴；然而由于农田大量使用化肥和农药，加上多年的人工大量捕捉，现在野生黑斑蛙数量逐年减少，部分地区甚至处于灭绝状态；目前，对于黑斑蛙养殖中的各步骤缺乏一种系统的方法，因此，在培育过程中，易导致蝌蚪的成活率不高，黑斑蛙的生命力不强，易生病，成活率不高，最终导致成年的黑斑蛙量少个小，品质不佳，另外，为了提高黑斑蛙的成活率，养殖过程中的生产成本大大提高，经济效益不佳。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种黑斑蛙的培育方法，本方法养殖黑斑蛙生命力强，成活率高。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案：
一种黑斑蛙的培育方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)蛙池建造：在水源充足、水质无污染、位置较僻静且背风向阳的场所建造用于对不同成长阶段的青蛙进行养殖的蛙池；蛙池包括池梗、食台、养殖沟沟和休息区；所述蛙池的面积为250-300平方米；所述食台宽1.0-2.0m；所述养殖沟宽0.5-1.5m，深40-60cm，养殖沟边种植牧草或水稻用于幼蛙及成蛙防晒遮荫；蛙池周边设防逃网，防逃网高1.5米，防逃网40目即可，防逃网下部埋20cm，防逃网上部向内倾檐20cm，蛙池顶设防鸟网，高度2.5-3m；
(2)投放前准备：采用生石灰对蛙池的养殖沟进行清池消毒，投放肥料以培育水质，每隔3-5天再泼洒一次豆浆，按每亩养殖沟泼洒1kg豆浆；
(3)蝌蚪的饲养管理：蝌蚪孵化4-5天后按每平米200-240尾投放到养殖沟中，第二天开始投饵，前10天内每天上午8点投喂豆浆，每万尾0.5斤，10-15天后上午投喂豆浆，下午4时投喂蝌蚪粉料，蛋白质含量不低于42％，15天后，每天上午8点，下午4点，投喂蝌蚪粉料，设定点食盘，量以不剩残饵为准，投食总量为蝌蚪体重的2-3％，在蝌蚪的前肢长出，尾部收缩时，保持环境的安静，把池中水控制在食台区的边缘；在蝌蚪伸出前肢，变态期即将完成时，无需投食；
(4)幼蛙的管理：幼蛙池中的水温控制在25-35℃，幼蛙上岸半个月后，用除草剂对幼蛙池除草；投蛋白质含量40％的膨化颗粒料，投饵时间上午8点，下午5-6点，定时定量定位；
(5)成蛙的管理：成蛙每15天投喂一次中草药制剂，水质保持浅绿色，每10-15天对水体消毒一次，将消毒药泼洒在全池中。
优选地，步骤(2)肥料的投放密度为每平方米养殖沟投放0.5-1.0kg肥料。
优选地，步骤(3)每平方米用90-110克生石灰浆抛洒全池。
优选地，在蛙池休息区设计诱虫黑光灯，每晚7点半-2点定时开关电源诱虫，让蛙自由蛙池的害虫。
优选地，步骤(5)所述中草药制剂由以下重量份原料制成：杜仲叶3-6份，鱼腥草8-10份，霸王花6-8份，沙苑蒺藜5-7份，黄芪5-7份，泽泻5-7份，黄柏4-6份，女贞子4-6份，山茱萸4-6份，白术3-5份，党参3-5份，茯苓3-5份，板蓝根3-5份。
本发明的有益效果：1、本发明所使用的喂养饲料可以满足黑斑蛙各阶段的营养要求，不仅可以有效提高其免疫力和抗病力，增加成活率。
2、采用中草药制剂进行投喂，中草药之间的协同作用可以提高黑斑蛙的免疫力，为食用完的中草药制剂对养殖水进行灭菌和水质净化，不仅可以有效杀死池水中的致病菌，改善黑斑蛙的养殖环境，提高其成活率，同时也不会产生毒副作用，养殖废水不会对环境造成负担。
3、因为青蛙是肉食性动物，且喜欢捕捉活动饵料，在较高密度情况下，青蛙捕食同类的情况非常普遍，本发明提供的养殖方法只投放人工饲料，不需要活饵，有效降低了养殖管理难度。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，以下具体实施例，对本申请作进一步地详细说明。
实施例1
(1)蛙池建造：在水源充足、水质无污染、位置较僻静且背风向阳的场所建造用于对不同成长阶段的青蛙进行养殖的蛙池；蛙池包括池梗、食台、养殖沟沟和休息区；
单个蛙池的面积为300平方米；所述食台宽2.0m；所述养殖沟宽1.2cm，深60cm，养殖沟边种植牧草或水稻用于幼蛙及成蛙防晒遮荫；蛙池周边设防逃网，防逃网高1.5米，防逃网40目即可，防逃网下部埋20cm，防逃网上部向内倾檐20cm，蛙池顶设防鸟网，高度2.5-3m；
(2)投放前准备：采用生石灰对蛙池的养殖沟进行清池消毒，清塘前将池水排至仅余5-10cm深，然后在池底四周挖一些小坑，将生石灰倒入坑内，加水溶化，趁热将石灰水均匀地泼洒到池塘中，再经晒池3-5天，灌注新水；其中，每平方米生石灰用量为90-110克；
因蝌蚪开口摄食只能摄食水中的浮游生物，为此必须提前培育好蝌蚪池中的饵料生物；每平方米投放1kg腐熟的畜禽肥作为基肥来培肥水质；培育水质后，以后每隔3-5天泼洒一次豆浆，确保水质保持绿色具有一定的肥度；
(3)蝌蚪的饲养管理：蝌蚪孵化4-5天后按每平米220尾投放到养殖沟中，第二天开始投饵，前10天内每天上午8点投喂豆浆，每万尾0.5斤，10-15天后上午投喂豆浆，下午4时投喂蝌蚪粉料，蛋白质含量不低于42％，15天后，每天上午8点，下午4点，投喂蝌蚪粉料，设定点食盘，量以不剩残饵为准，投食总量为蝌蚪体重的2-3％，在蝌蚪的前肢长出，尾部收缩时，保持环境的安静，把池中水控制在食台区的边缘；在蝌蚪伸出前肢，变态期即将完成时，无需投食；
(4)幼蛙的管理：幼蛙池中的水温控制在25-35℃，幼蛙上岸半个月后，用除草剂对幼蛙池除草；投蛋白质含量40％的膨化颗粒料，投饵时间上午8点，下午5-6点，定时定量定位；
(5)成蛙的管理：成蛙每15天投喂一次中草药制剂，水质保持浅绿色，每10-15天对水体消毒一次，将消毒药泼洒在全池中；中草药制剂由以下重量份原料制成：杜仲叶4份，鱼腥草9份，霸王花6份，沙苑蒺藜5份，黄芪5份，泽泻5份，黄柏4份，女贞子4份，山茱萸4份，白术3份，党参3份，茯苓3份，板蓝根3份；
(6)疾病的防治：幼蛙正常采食之后，即可安排进行疾病预防工作，给青蛙投喂的预防药物及营养补充剂主要有：鳝宝金维他，每公斤饲料添加1-2克，每7天左右添加一次，主要通过补充电解质维生素，提高青蛙的抗病能力；鳝宝血炎康，每公斤料拌加2-3克，每隔半个月投喂2-3天，主要起清热消炎作用；鳝宝保肝宁，每公斤拌加1克，在进入成蛙养殖阶段后，每隔半个月投喂2-3天，可以和血炎康一起拌料投喂，主要起解毒护肝作用。
实施例2
(1)蛙池建造：在水源充足、水质无污染、位置较僻静且背风向阳的场所建造用于对不同成长阶段的青蛙进行养殖的蛙池；蛙池包括池梗、食台、养殖沟沟和休息区；
单个蛙池的面积为300平方米；所述食台宽1.8m；所述养殖沟宽1.5m，深60cm，养殖沟边种植牧草或水稻用于幼蛙及成蛙防晒遮荫；蛙池周边设防逃网，防逃网高1.5米，防逃网40目即可，防逃网下部埋20cm，防逃网上部向内倾檐20cm，蛙池顶设防鸟网，高度2.5-3m；
(3)投放前准备：采用生石灰对蛙池的养殖沟进行清池消毒，清塘前将池水排至仅余5-10厘米深，然后在池底四周挖一些小坑，将生石灰倒入坑内，加水溶化，趁热将石灰水均匀地泼洒到池塘中，再经晒池3-5天，灌注新水；其中，每平方米生石灰用量为90-110克；
因蝌蚪开口摄食只能摄食水中的浮游生物，为此必须提前培育好蝌蚪池中的饵料生物；每平方米投放1kg腐熟的畜禽肥作为基肥来培肥水质；培育水质后，以后每隔3-5天泼洒一次豆浆，确保水质保持绿色具有一定的肥度；
(3)蝌蚪的饲养管理：蝌蚪孵化4-5天后按每平米240尾投放到养殖沟中，第二天开始投饵，前10天内每天上午8点投喂豆浆，每万尾0.5斤，10-15天后上午投喂豆浆，下午4时投喂蝌蚪粉料，蛋白质含量不低于42％，15天后，每天上午8点，下午4点，投喂蝌蚪粉料，设定点食盘，量以不剩残饵为准，投食总量为蝌蚪体重的2-3％，在蝌蚪的前肢长出，尾部收缩时，保持环境的安静，把池中水控制在食台区的边缘；在蝌蚪伸出前肢，变态期即将完成时，无需投食；
(4)幼蛙的管理：幼蛙池中的水温控制在25-35℃，幼蛙上岸半个月后，用除草剂对幼蛙池除草；投蛋白质含量40％的膨化颗粒料，投饵时间上午8点，下午5-6点，定时定量定位；
(5)成蛙的管理：成蛙每15天投喂一次中草药制剂，水质保持浅绿色，每10-15天对水体消毒一次，将消毒药泼洒在全池中；中草药制剂由以下重量份原料制成：杜仲叶6份，鱼腥草10份，霸王花8份，沙苑蒺藜7份，黄芪7份，泽泻7份，黄柏6份，女贞子6份，山茱萸6份，白术5份，党参5份，茯苓5份，板蓝根5份；
(6)疾病的防治：幼蛙正常采食之后，即可安排进行疾病预防工作，给青蛙投喂的预防药物及营养补充剂主要有：鳝宝金维他，每公斤饲料添加1-2克，每7天左右添加一次，主要通过补充电解质维生素，提高青蛙的抗病能力；鳝宝血炎康，每公斤料拌加2-3克，每隔半个月投喂2-3天，主要起清热消炎作用；鳝宝保肝宁，每公斤拌加1克，在进入成蛙养殖阶段后，每隔半个月投喂2-3天，可以和血炎康一起拌料投喂，主要起解毒护肝作用。
Claims (5)
1.一种黑斑蛙的培育方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)蛙池建造：在水源充足、水质无污染、位置较僻静且背风向阳的场所建造用于对不同成长阶段的青蛙进行养殖的蛙池；蛙池包括池梗、食台、养殖沟沟和休息区；所述蛙池的面积为250-300平方米；所述食台宽1.0-2.0m；所述养殖沟宽0.5-1.5m，深40-60cm，养殖沟边种植牧草或水稻用于幼蛙及成蛙防晒遮荫；蛙池周边设防逃网，防逃网高1.5米，防逃网40目即可，防逃网下部埋20cm，防逃网上部向内倾檐20cm，蛙池顶设防鸟网，高度2.5-3m；
(2)投放前准备：采用生石灰对蛙池的养殖沟进行清池消毒，投放肥料以培育水质，每隔3-5天再泼洒一次豆浆，按每亩养殖沟泼洒1kg豆浆；
(3)蝌蚪的饲养管理：蝌蚪孵化4-5天后按每平米200-240尾投放到养殖沟中，第二天开始投饵，前10天内每天上午8点投喂豆浆，每万尾0.5斤，10-15天后上午投喂豆浆，下午4时投喂蝌蚪粉料，蛋白质含量不低于42％，15天后，每天上午8点，下午4点，投喂蝌蚪粉料，设定点食盘，量以不剩残饵为准，投食总量为蝌蚪体重的2-3％，在蝌蚪的前肢长出，尾部收缩时，保持环境的安静，把池中水控制在食台区的边缘；在蝌蚪伸出前肢，变态期即将完成时，无需投食；
(4)幼蛙的管理：幼蛙池中的水温控制在25-35℃，幼蛙上岸半个月后，用除草剂对幼蛙池除草；投蛋白质含量40％的膨化颗粒料，投饵时间上午8点，下午5-6点，定时定量定位；
(5)成蛙的管理：成蛙每15天投喂一次中草药制剂，水质保持浅绿色，每10-15天对水体消毒一次，将消毒药泼洒在全池中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的黑斑蛙的培育方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)肥料的投放密度为每平方米养殖沟投放0.5-1.0kg肥料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的黑斑蛙的培育方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)每平方米用90-110克生石灰浆抛洒全池。
4.根据权利要求1所述的黑斑蛙的培育方法，其特征在于，在蛙池休息区设计诱虫黑光灯，每晚7点半-2点定时开关电源诱虫，让蛙自由蛙池的害虫。
5.根据权利要求1所述的黑斑蛙的培育方法，其特征在于，步骤(5)所述中草药制剂由以下重量份原料制成：杜仲叶3-6份，鱼腥草8-10份，霸王花6-8份，沙苑蒺藜5-7份，黄芪5-7份，泽泻5-7份，黄柏4-6份，女贞子4-6份，山茱萸4-6份，白术3-5份，党参3-5份，茯苓3-5份，板蓝根3-5份。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110583570A (zh) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-20 | 华中农业大学 | 一种蛙稻共作池的建造方法 |
| CN113575502A (zh) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-11-02 | 陆艳霞 | 一种黑斑蛙低成本饲料喂养方法及其喂养池 |
| CN116138209A (zh) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-05-23 | 江西省龙泰水产养殖有限公司 | 一种黑斑幼蛙开食投喂方法及投喂设备 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110583570A (zh) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-20 | 华中农业大学 | 一种蛙稻共作池的建造方法 |
| CN113575502A (zh) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-11-02 | 陆艳霞 | 一种黑斑蛙低成本饲料喂养方法及其喂养池 |
| CN116138209A (zh) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-05-23 | 江西省龙泰水产养殖有限公司 | 一种黑斑幼蛙开食投喂方法及投喂设备 |
| CN116138209B (zh) * | 2021-11-23 | 2024-04-26 | 江西省龙泰水产养殖有限公司 | 一种黑斑幼蛙开食投喂方法及投喂设备 |
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