CN109107538B - 一种去除染料离子的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种去除染料离子的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种去除染料离子的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的制备方法。所述材料包含单宁酸（TA）、己二胺（HA）、铁的氧化物。该材料的制备步骤如下：先将氯化铁溶于水中并加入一定量的氢氧化钠使其出现沉淀，然后把沉淀分离并重新分散在超纯水中，再加入一定量的单宁酸，最后加入己二胺，离心干燥后制成酚胺包覆铁氧化物的材料。本发明制备的吸附材料稳定性好，制备工艺简单、可操作性强、成本低廉，可循环利用并无二次污染，在从污水中去除染料离子的领域中得到广泛应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及吸附剂的制备，具体涉及一种去除染料离子的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着科技的发展和工业的进步，化工产业不断发展，越来越多的化工产品随之进入到我们的生活中给我们带来了极大的方便。然而，当人们沉浸在化工产品带来的便捷中时，环境问题也变得日益突出，人类面临工业化带来的极大负面效果，比如生态污染、能源紧缺、资源枯竭，特别是水资源的浪费与污染。其中，水污染问题的产生因素之一就是染料离子污染，虽然水溶性染料具有低的光学稳定性、氧化性能，但是它们仍然很难在环境中降解。由于环境中的污染物含有大量的毒性物质，近年来受到人们的普遍关注，尤其是排放废水的有机染料。这些毒性染料主要来源于为使用染料颜色产品的工厂，如纺织、造纸、染料、塑料等行业，很容易随自然循环而发生扩散。大多数染料具有非生物降解性和致癌的作用，能通过饮用水进入生物体内，直接破坏人体的正常器官组织，危害生物体的健康安全。因此，一旦大量的染料分子积累在环境中，长期的毒性危害不容忽视。例如，染料的存在阻碍了水的饮用质量，并且会减少在水生生态系统中阳光和氧气的渗透，影响水体系的正常流动。当这些染料融入我们生活时，它们的普遍应用和乱排，对污染水域的生物生存有直接的威胁。
鉴于染料离子对生物及环境有着巨大的危害性，已经有很多方法应用于处理被污染的废水。包括化学沉淀、反渗透、氧化还原、薄膜分离、浮选回收、蒸发回收、溶剂萃取及吸附法。然而，基于经济、环保、可循环利用等优点，吸附法受到科研人员的较大关注，被认为是非常有前景的水处理方式。
单宁酸又叫丹宁酸或单宁，是一种来源于五倍子、石榴、黄栌、中草药等多种树木的果实和树皮中多酚类物质，其结构复杂、多样，用途广泛。单宁分子上分布大量的酚羟基和羧基等螯合性官能团，能与多种染料离子的发生配位或络和作用，是合成高分子吸附剂的潜在原料。因此单宁酸制备的新型吸附材料在污水处理方面有的前景。
发明内容
本发明提供一种去除染料离子的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的制备方法。该制备方法制备工艺简单、可操作性强、成本低廉，可循环利用并无二次污染，便于推广使用。制得的吸附材料具有良好的去除染料离子的性能，具有广泛的应用前景。
为实现本发明的目的，提供以下技术方案：
一种去除染料离子的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的制备方法，其特征在于以下步骤：
（1）在室温条件下，将一定质量的氯化铁分散到超纯水中并加入适量的氢氧化钠，使其出现沉淀。
（2）将上述沉淀重新分散到水中，然后加入一定量的单宁酸，并搅拌12～36h。（3）向上述步骤（2）的溶液中加入一定量的己二胺，并搅拌24～72h，最后离心并用去离子水冲洗2～4次，冷冻干燥，即可制得酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料。
进一步的，所述的氯化铁与单宁酸的摩尔比为1:0.1～1；
进一步的，所述的步骤（2）中，搅拌的时间为12～36h，优选为24h；
进一步的，所述的单宁酸与己二胺的摩尔比为1:1～15；
进一步的，所述的步骤（3）中，搅拌的时间为24～72h，优选为48h；
进一步的，所述的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的用途,其特征在于,所述材料用于吸附污水中的染料离子。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
（a）本发明的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的制备工艺简单、可操作性强、成本低廉,利于环境可持续发展；
（b）本发明的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料具有高吸附容量的特点。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。以下实施例旨在说明本发明而不是对本发明的进一步限定。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1：
称取0.12g的氯化铁加入到150mL的超纯水中，然后加入0.088g氢氧化钠，把得到的沉淀重新分散到200mL的超纯水中，然后加入0.126g单宁酸并搅拌24h；然后在加入0.107g己二胺并搅拌48h，最后用超纯水洗涤3次，冷冻干燥。
通过以上方法制得的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的吸附材料对刚果红的吸附量为305mg/g。
实施例2：
称取0.12g的氯化铁加入到150mL的超纯水中，然后加入0.088g氢氧化钠，把得到的沉淀重新分散到200mL的超纯水中，然后加入0.25g单宁酸并搅拌24h；然后在加入0.214g己二胺并搅拌48h，最后用超纯水洗涤3次，冷冻干燥。通过以上方法制得的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的吸附材料对刚果红的吸附量为325mg/g。
实施例3：
称取0.12g的氯化铁加入到150mL的超纯水中，然后加入0.088g氢氧化钠，把得到的沉淀重新分散到200mL的超纯水中，然后加入0.378g单宁酸并搅拌24h；然后在加入0.32g己二胺并搅拌48h，最后用超纯水洗涤3次，冷冻干燥。通过以上方法制得的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的吸附材料对刚果红的吸附量为484mg/g。
实施例4：
称取0.12g的氯化铁加入到150mL的超纯水中，然后加入0.088g氢氧化钠，把得到的沉淀重新分散到200mL的超纯水中，然后加入0.5g单宁酸并搅拌24h；然后在加入0.43g己二胺并搅拌48h，最后用超纯水洗涤3次，冷冻干燥。通过以上方法制得的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的吸附材料对刚果红的吸附量为550mg/g。
Claims (4)
1.一种去除染料离子的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的制备方法，其特征在于以下步骤：
（1）在室温条件下，将一定质量的氯化铁分散到超纯水中并加入适量的氢氧化钠，使其出现沉淀；
（2）将上述沉淀重新分散到水中，然后加入一定量的单宁酸，并搅拌12～36h；
（3）向上述步骤（2）的溶液中加入一定量的己二胺，并搅拌24～72h，最后离心并用去离子水冲洗2～4次，冷冻干燥，即可制得酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料；
所述的氯化铁与单宁酸的摩尔比为1:0.1～1；所述的单宁酸与己二胺的摩尔比为1:1～15。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤（2）中搅拌的时间为24h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤（3）中搅拌的时间为48h。
4.权利要求1-3任一项所述制备方法制备的酚胺包覆铁氧化物材料的用途，其特征在于，所述材料用于吸附污水中的染料离子。
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| CN104475056A (zh) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-04-01 | 齐鲁工业大学 | 一种吸附重金属离子的酚胺聚合物的制备方法及其应用 |
| CN107970897A (zh) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 齐鲁工业大学 | 一种去除水中重金属离子的单宁基吸附剂的制备方法 |
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| CN104475056A (zh) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-04-01 | 齐鲁工业大学 | 一种吸附重金属离子的酚胺聚合物的制备方法及其应用 |
| CN107970897A (zh) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 齐鲁工业大学 | 一种去除水中重金属离子的单宁基吸附剂的制备方法 |
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| Green synthesis of tannin-hexamethylendiamine based adsorbents for efficient removal of Cr(VI);Qiang Liu et al.;《Journal of Hazardous Materials》;20180311;第352卷;摘要、第1部分第2-3段、第2.1部分 * |
| 聚多巴胺包覆的Fe3O4去除水体中的染料;李晓燕等;《环境工程学报》;20151231;第9卷(第12期);摘要、第1.2部分 * |
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