CN1091027C - 装饰层压材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

装饰层压材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN1091027C
CN1091027C CN97197485A CN97197485A CN1091027C CN 1091027 C CN1091027 C CN 1091027C CN 97197485 A CN97197485 A CN 97197485A CN 97197485 A CN97197485 A CN 97197485A CN 1091027 C CN1091027 C CN 1091027C
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D·C·纳尔逊
R·A·杜蒙德
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Panolam Industries Inc
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Abstract

所提供的装饰层压材料由一层或多层纤维核心板、一层或多层装饰板以及任选的表层板组成。在一个实施方案中,在层压前,一层或多层表层板和/或装饰板用透明树脂与光致发光物质的混合物浸渍。在另一实施方案中,用含有有机光致发光物质的油墨把图象或图案印刷在一层或多层装饰板上,以其提供可见发光图象或图案。可以预期,本发明有各种各样的应用,包括投球通道、游戏桌、柜台台面、舞厅地板和标志牌如“出口”标志牌等,可用来提供独特而漂亮的外观。

Description

装饰层压材料及其制备方法
发明领域
本发明总的说来涉及树脂浸渍复合纤维板装饰层压材料。更具体地说,本发明涉及加有在紫外光照射下发出可见光物质的高压装饰层压材料,以及其生产方法。
发明背景
通常,高压装饰层压材料有二个基本层:核心层和表面层。核心层构成底层或支撑层,在其上粘接其它层。在常规的高压层压材料生产中,核心层是复合纤维板。核心板通常用浸渍层压树脂的牛皮纸制成。通常用于核心层的层压树脂包括酚、三聚氰胺、氨基物、环氧物、聚脂、硅氧烷和二烯丙基邻苯二甲酸酯树脂等等。工业上用于装饰层压材料的优选层压树脂是由苯酚和甲醛反应生成的酚醛树脂。
放在核心层上面的是装饰层,通常是一层或多层上颜色的纸纤维板,包括印有字、印有图案或整个单一颜色等种类,并用透明树脂。如三聚氰胺、氨基物、环氧物、聚脂、硅氧烷和二烯丙基邻苯二甲酸酯树脂等浸渍。用于装饰层纸板的优选或常用的树脂是三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂。固化的三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂是无色的、耐光和热、也抗各种溶剂和抗锈蚀。
层压材料的装饰层有印刷图案时,通常复盖一层所谓表层,它通常是用三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂浸渍的高质量α-纤维纸。这一层可保护装饰性印刷免受外界的破坏如磨损和撕裂,化学试剂浸融、烧灼、溢水等等。主要是三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂对层压材料起到保护作用。α-纤维纸的作用是作为水一样稀薄的树脂的半透明载体,使三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂具有强度,起垫片的作用使表层中树脂厚度均匀,并控制树脂的流动。
核心层、装饰层和表层(需要的话)以叠合方式堆放在钢模板之间,并加压和加温一定时时,足以使浸渍相应各层的层压树脂固化。升温和加压实际上是使板中时的层压树脂流动,使各层压实强化为一个整体,称之为层压材料。这些层压材料可用作地板、柜台台面、桌面、家具、贮存架等的铺面材料。常用高压装饰层压材料的例子可参见授权给Grosheim等人的美国专利3,418,189号、授权给Gasey等人的美国专利4,311,748号,授权给Jaisle等人的美国专利4,473,613号,和授权给Dion等人的美国专利4,741,968号等,其中每篇都以参考文献列于本文中。
发明概述:
根据本发明,提供的装饰层压材料是由加热和加压条件下叠放和层压在一起的核心层、装饰层和任选的表面层或复盖层所组成。核心层包括一层或多层三聚氰胺或酚树脂浸渍的牛皮纸板或类似的东西;装饰层包括一层或多层三聚氰胺浸渍的印刷图案板;以及任选的表层包括一层或多层保护性三聚氰胺浸渍的薄纸层。在本发明一个实施方案中,图象、图案或花样用含有光致发光物质的油墨印刷在一层或多层装饰纸层上,当受到紫外光源辐照时其上的影象或图案就肉眼可见(紫外光源就是约200-400nm范围内的电磁辐射源)。这里所谓“光致发光物”是指可见磷光物质(即在激发辐射停止后能持续发光的)或可见荧光物质(即,激光光源一撤走,发光就立即停止)。装饰纸层都用透明树脂(如三聚氰胺-甲醛)浸至饱和,并与核心层叠和。还任选与表层叠合起来,在加热和加压下层压。
在另一个实施方案中,光致发光物质是在受到可见光波长范围的激发辐射线照射后能发出可见光的磷光物质。
在另一个实施方案中,在层压之前,先用透明树脂,优选三聚氰胺,和光致发光物质的混合物浸渍一层或多层表层纸和/或装饰层纸。这样,在紫外光存在时,层压材料的整个上表面都发出可见光。
在本发明进一步的实施方案中,一层或多层装饰层纸用树脂和光致发光物质的混合物浸渍至饱和,或者用含有光致发光物质的油墨印上图案,然后低压层压或热熔到基板上,如刨花胶合板、纤维板等等上。
可以预见,本发明用作各种各样用途的铺面材料时可提供独特和吸引人的外观,这些用途包括投球通道、游戏桌、柜台台面、午厅地板和标志牌,如“出口”标志牌。本发明也可用来提供可选择性显示的印刷信息,如制造商识别,及其它常规装饰性层压材料应用领域。
优选实施方案的详细描述:
本发明针对含有光致发光物质的装饰层压材料。在本发明的第一个实施方案中,装饰层压材料包括核心层、装饰层和任选的表层。核心层具有已知结构,并由一层或多层纤维板,优选用层压树脂浸渍过的牛皮纸做成。通常用于核心层的层压树脂,如酚、三聚氰胺、氨基物、环氧物、聚脂、硅氧烷,和二烯丙基邻苯二甲酸脂树脂等等都可以使用。优选层压树脂是由苯酚和甲醛反应生成的酚醛树脂。
放在核心层上面的是装饰层,它由一层或多层纤维板,优选α纤维纸板做成。使用含有有效量光致发光物质的印刷组合物,可将图案印于一层或多层纤维板的表面上而构成装饰层。一般优选把图案印在成品层压板上离核心层最远的板(或多层板)上以增强从层压材料表面发出的光辐射强度。图案优选印在最外一层纸板或多层纸板上。印刷组合物印于单层板或多层板上去的方式并不重要、可以采用任何一种已知印刷方法,如网板印刷、照相凹版印刷等等。
本发明使用的印刷组合物含有分散在合适载体中的光致发光物质载体可提供选定印刷方法所需的流动特性。光致发光物质的量要使最终层压材料上印刷的图案发出肉眼可见的光。可以使用许多种已知的对紫外光敏感的染料或颜料。此外,也可使用对可见光敏感的磷光物质。一般说,具体染料或颜料的选择取决于材料发光时所希望产生的颜色,而不管对于特定用途需要磷光或是荧光。此外,所选定的光致发光染料或颜料必须能经受得住其后层压过程中诸层板所受到的热和压力。一种优选的光致发光物质是Leucophor BCRtm,可从Clariant公司(Charlotte,North Carolina)购得。Leucophor BCRtm是含有约49%固体的液态均二苯代乙烯物质,它在发光时产生兰色。优选均二苯代乙烯物质。
光致发光颜料或染料可以同与其相容且容易分散的常规印刷油墨组合起来。例如,光致发光颜料或染料可以同“清屏油墨补充剂”(Clear Screen Print Extendertm)(可从Gotham Ink of Marlboro,Massachusetts购得)组合在一起。可任选加入不透明色颜料,如棕色或白色。这样,根据所需要的最终层压材料的外观,印刷组合物可任选含有不透明色(非光致发光)颜料或染料,使得在普通光照条件下也可看到图案。但是,添加非光致发光的颜料或染料特别是深色颜料或染料(如棕色),可能会减弱光致发光效果。因此,一般不优选在印刷组合物中含有非光致发光的颜料或染料,让该印刷组合物在普通光照条件下基本上是透明的。
正如本领域专业人员所知道的,印刷组合物也可以含有合适量的其它添加物,如粘度调节剂、热稳定剂、润湿剂、粘结剂等等,并不超出本发明的范围。
此外,可以预想到,一层或多层装饰板也可带有用普通非光致发光油墨组合物印刷的图案。在这种情况下,最终的层压材料具有多重图案的装饰表面,一组是在普通光或日光条件下可见的,而另一组是在紫外光下可见的。
只要给装饰板或多层板印上所需的图案,就可用通常的方法用透明树脂浸渍每块板。透明树脂的例子包括三聚氰胺、聚脂、丙烯酸类、环氧物、氨基物、硅氧烷等等。优选三聚氰铵-甲醛树脂。
最后,通常加一层或多层用合适透明树脂浸渍的纤维纸表层。优选用优质α纤维纸(或多层纸)作表层。如同装饰层的情况,三聚氰胺-甲醛是优选的浸渍树脂。当然,光致发光印刷组合物的图案可以印刷在称之为“表层”纸的板上。在这种情况下,优选印刷在最靠近核心层和装饰层的表层纸(多层纸)上。
核心层、装饰层和任选的表层以叠合方式叠放在钢模板或类似的模板之间。正如本领域中专业人员所知道的,可以在核心层的另一面加上另一装饰层和任选表层,这样得到的层压材料二个主表面都是装饰性的。在本领域中熟知,叠放的诸层要经受足够的压力和温度,并维持足够长的时间,才能使各浸渍层的层压树脂固化。层压温度至少约230°F,通常在约250°F到约300°F范围内。压力通常增大到约305到1500psi之间。升温和加压使每层板中的浸渍树脂流动,这样使所有的层板压实强化形成称为层压板的一个整体。
提供紫外光源时,紫外光透过表层而照在装饰层上。这样使得装饰层板上印刷的光致发光物质发光,所以印刷的图案就可以看见了。根据所用的光致发光物质,该物质的量、紫外光源的强度和背景颜色等因素,可能需要减弱照射在层压材料上的可见光强度,以增强发光图案能见度。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,把含有有效量光致发光物质的印刷组合物涂复在由一层或多层纤维板组成的装饰层的整个表面上。可以采用常规的印刷技术。在这种情况下,合成层压材料的整个处理表面都可以在紫外光下发射可见光。
在本发明的又一实施方案中,制备选定的透明树脂(优选三聚氰胺-甲醛)和光致发光物质的混合物,得到类似的结果。光致发光物质可以是上面讨论过的任何一种已知的材料。将一层或多层表层纸和/或装饰层纸以常规的方法用树脂和光致发光物质的混合物浸渍。核心层、装饰层和任选的表层以叠合方式堆放并加压升温,其方法与已知的高压装饰层压材料的生产方式相同。结果,该层压材料的整个上表面在紫外光下都发光了。
另外,在把光致发光物质涂复于一层或多层表层纸和/或装饰层纸的整个表面情况下,而任选给另外一层或多层这样纸层用不透明油墨印刷上影象或图案。把印有不透明油墨的纸放在成品层压材料靠外表面较近的地方,而用光致发光物质印的纸(或多层纸)放在离外表面稍远的地方。结果,在紫外光下,除了相应于用不透明油墨印刷的影象和图案的地方之外,层压材料的整个上表面都发光,从而产生一个“负”影象。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,一层或多层表层纸和/或装饰层纸用上述讨论过的方法制备,并用光致发光物质印刷,或者用光致发光物浸渍至饱和。然后把这样处理的纸与纸压层压材料结合。用光致发光物质处理过的纸以叠合方式与硬性基板,如创花胶合板、纤维板等等叠放在一起。如果一层或多层纸上印刷有图案,则优选如上面讨论过的那样加有表层。每个纸层用树脂浸渍,其方法与上面讨论过的高压层压材料所用的方法相同,但正如本领域专业人员所知道的,一般对纸压或热熔层压材料要采用较高量催化剂。优选三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂。所有这些层板放在钢模板之间热压,施加比较低的压力和温度,经足够长的时间使浸渍各层的层压树脂按常规固化。
进一步可以预料到,在上面讨论的任何一种应用中,都可以用光致变色染料来代替光致发光物质,或与其结合使用。光致变色染色是一种在第一种波长的光(如可见光)存在时,反射可见光谱中一种颜色,而在第二种不同波长的光(如紫外光)存在时,则反射可见光谱中第二种不同颜色的染料。
下面的实施例是本发明的举例说明,而并不构成对本发明实质内容的任何限制。
                       实施例1
用3000.0克购自Gotham Ink of Marlboro,Massachusetts、含50%固体的清屏油墨补充剂(Clear Screen Print Extendertm)和16.1克购自Clariant Corp.、含有49%固体的Leucophor BCRtm(白色荧光剂BCRtm)配制溶液。所配制的溶液就是含有大约5%Leucophor BCR(以固体计)的清屏油墨补充剂(Clear Screen Print Extendertm)。在已有淡棕色木纹图案的多层纤维纸板上,用网板印刷法用这种溶液印刷图样。这些纸板在印刷前都用三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂浸渍过。
生产出二种层压材料,每种都有按叠合关系堆放的下述诸层:一层轻基质的三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍过的表层板、二层高耐磨表面的三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍板、一层上述网板印刷的三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍过的装饰板、四十六层酚醛树脂浸渍过的牛皮纸核心板(提供体积和强度)、一层三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍过的平衡板(有助于防止变形)、二层高耐磨表面三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍板,和一层轻基质三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍过的复盖板。这些板放置在钢模板之间并在最高温度约300°F下加压到约1200psi,保持总共约35分钟时间。
用含有Leucophor BCR的清屏油墨补充剂(Clear Screen PrintExtendertm)网板印刷的图案在普通光照下是很难看到的,但当受到紫外光源照射时就会显示出漂亮的荧光。
                      实施例2
下述树脂制剂是在5加仑容器中混合制成的:
成分                          量(克)               重量%
Piomel1101                   18359.4              91.80
水分                          602.5                3.01
Hypersal2                    26.6                 0.13
氯化镁                        12.1                 0.06
Leucophor BCR                 1000.0               5.00
1.购自Pioneer Plastics Corporation of Auburn,Maine的三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂。
2.购自Hoechst Celanese的湿润剂。
表层板(22#基质重量α纤维纸)用上述制剂混合物浸渍至树脂含量达69%重量。制备三种层压材料系列产品,每种都有一层三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍过的淡棕色木纹装饰板、十层酚醛树脂浸渍过的牛皮纸核心板、一层三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍过的平衡板、二层高耐磨表层三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍板和一层轻基质三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍过的表层板。三种层压材料中每种都有不同的顶面结构,如下所述:
(1)一层22#基质重三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍过的表层板
   一层用上述树脂/荧光剂制剂浸渍过的表层板
   一层22#基质重三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍过的表层板
(2)二层22#基质重三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍过的表层板
   一层用上述树脂/荧光剂制剂浸渍过的表层板
(3)一层22#基质重三聚氰胺-甲醛浸渍过的表层板
   二层用上述树脂/荧光剂制剂浸渍过的表层板
每种情况中,都是把诸层板放在钢模板之间,并在最高温度约300°F下加压到约1200psi,保持总共约35分钟时间。
所有这些层压材料在受到紫外光源照射时都显示出可见荧光。在同样的紫外光源下,层压材料(3)显示出最强的荧火。
                      实施例3
三种样品按实施例1的方法制备,但用购自United Mineral &Chemical Corporation of Lyndhurst,New Jersey的磷光金属氧化物颜料Luminova G300C来代替Leucophor BCRtm。分别用1、2和5%(重量)的Luminova G300C,并按实施例1中的方法进行层压制备这三种样品。三种样品中的每种都在可见光辐照后在暗室中呈现可见的“磷光”现象。
                      实施例4
树脂制剂按实施例2制备,用0.5%(重量)的Day Glow D-282粉末来代替5%(重量)的Leucophor BCRtm。Day Glow D-282是由有机树脂颗粒组成,它含有固溶体状态下能发荧光的染料,并可从Day-Glo Color Corp.of Cleveland,Ohio购得。样品按实施例2中方法制备,所得到的层压材料显示出很高的荧光强度。

Claims (22)

1、一种加热加压强化的装饰层压材料,它包括:
核心层,包含用热固性树脂浸渍的一层或多层纤维板;
装饰层,包含用热固性树脂浸渍的一层或多层纤维板;以及
任选的表层,包含用透明树脂浸渍的一层或多层纤维板;
其中,将所述装饰层或所述表层挑选一层或多层板,或者所述装饰层和表层二者均挑选一层或多层板,将其大体整个面上都涂用光致发光物质。
2、权利要求1所述的装饰层压材料,其中所述挑选的一层或多层板用所述光致发光物质浸渍。
3、权利要求2所述的装饰层压材料,其中所述挑选的一层或多层板用所述树脂和所述光致发光物质的混合物浸渍。
4、权利要求1所述的装饰层压材料,其中将所述光致发光物质涂于所述挑选的一层或多层板主表面的大致整个面上。
5、权利要求1所述的装饰层压材料,其中所述装饰层或所述表层,或这二者挑选出的一层或多层板上,用不透明油墨印刷图象图案或花样。
6、权利要求1所述的装饰层压材料,其中所述装饰层板用热固性三聚氰胺-甲醛反应产物浸渍。
7、权利要求1所述的装饰层压材料,其中所述核心层板用热固性酚-甲醛反应产物浸渍。
8、权利要求1所述的装饰层压材料,其中加有所述表层,并且上述一层或多层表层板用热固性三聚氰胺-甲醛反应产物浸渍。
9、权利要求1所述的装饰层压材料,其中所述先致发光物质包括有机染料或颜料。
10、权利要求1所述的装饰层压材料,其中所述光致发光物质包括均二苯代乙烯物质。
11、权利要求1所述的装饰层压材料,其中所述光致发光物质是在受到可见光范围内的激发光照射后,发出可见磷光的物质。
12、一种形成热压强化装饰层压材料的方法,它包括:
a)用热固性树脂浸渍一层或多层纤维核心板;
b)提供一层或多层纤维装饰板,及任选一层或多层纤维表层板;
c)用热固性树脂和光致发光物质浸渍从所述装饰板和所述任选的表层板中挑选出的一层或多层板;
d)用热固性树脂浸渍余下的装饰板和任选的表层板;
e)形成所述核心板、所述装饰板和所述任选的表层板的叠合组合件;
f)把合成组合件加热加压强化成装饰层压材料。
13、权利要求12所述的方法,其中挑选出的一层或多层板用所述树脂和所述光致发光物质的混合物浸渍。
14、权利要求12所述的方法,进一步包括在挑选出的一层或多层所述装饰板上印刷不透明图象、图案或花样的步骤。
15、权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述装饰板用热固性三聚氰胺-甲醛反应产物浸渍。
16、权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述核心板用热固性酚-甲醛反应产物浸渍。
17、权利要求12所述的方法,其中加有一层或多层表层板,且所述一层或多层表层板用热固性三聚氰胺-甲醛反应产物浸渍。
18、权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述光致发光物质包括有机染料或颜料。
19、权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述光致发光物质包括均二苯代乙烯物质。
20、权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述光致发光物质是在受到可见光范围的激发光照射后,产生可见磷光的物质。
21、一种加热加压强化的装饰层压材料,它包括:
核心层,包含用层压树脂浸渍的一层或多层纤维板;
装饰层,由层压树脂浸渍过的一层或多层纤维板组成;以及
任选的表层,由透明树脂浸渍过的一层或多层纤维板组成;
其中,用含有有机光致发光物质的组合物把图象、图案和花样印刷在由上述装饰层或上述表层或这二者挑选出的一层或多层板上。
22、权利要求21所述的装饰层压材料,其中所述光致发光物质包括均二苯代乙烯材料。
CN97197485A 1996-06-28 1997-06-25 装饰层压材料及其制备方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1091027C (zh)

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WO1998000289A1 (en) 1998-01-08
US20020127430A1 (en) 2002-09-12
KR100354635B1 (ko) 2003-03-04
IL127766A (en) 2001-08-26
IL127766A0 (en) 1999-10-28
CN1228732A (zh) 1999-09-15
ATE336372T1 (de) 2006-09-15
AU3503697A (en) 1998-01-21
GR990300016T1 (en) 1999-05-28
US6596416B2 (en) 2003-07-22
ES2129018T1 (es) 1999-06-01
US6395408B1 (en) 2002-05-28
KR20000022267A (ko) 2000-04-25
ES2129018T3 (es) 2007-02-16
CA2259388A1 (en) 1998-01-08
NZ333538A (en) 2000-09-29
CA2259388C (en) 2005-09-20
JP2000515078A (ja) 2000-11-14
HK1020549A1 (en) 2000-05-12
MY120000A (en) 2005-08-30
DE69736518T2 (de) 2007-05-03
EP0907502A1 (en) 1999-04-14
BR9710695A (pt) 2000-01-11
DK0907502T3 (da) 2006-10-23
AU715838B2 (en) 2000-02-10
DE69736518D1 (de) 2006-09-28
EP0907502A4 (en) 2001-10-17

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