CN109092879A - A kind of simulator improving methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing using charcoal - Google Patents
A kind of simulator improving methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing using charcoal Download PDFInfo
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- CN109092879A CN109092879A CN201810802375.8A CN201810802375A CN109092879A CN 109092879 A CN109092879 A CN 109092879A CN 201810802375 A CN201810802375 A CN 201810802375A CN 109092879 A CN109092879 A CN 109092879A
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- earthing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of simulator for improving methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing using charcoal, the upper/lower terminal of Simulated soil columns is equipped with ring flange, and the flange pan bottom of lower end is equipped with air inlet, is equipped with gas outlet at the top of the ring flange of upper end；Synthetic gas tank connects the air inlet by conduit, and the gas outlet is connected by escape pipe with discharge bay；Simulated soil columns side is equipped with gas sampling mouth along short transverse；Gas distribution layers, covering material filled layer and air layer are divided into Simulated soil columns from the bottom to top；Air blower is connect by side air air inlet pipe with air layer.The present invention can obtain the real-time change of methane concentration distribution situation over time and space and gas outlet methane concentration in real time, have the characteristics that construction cost is low, experimental provision is small in size, disturbing factor is few, condition is easy to control, accuracy is high, provides and methane is adsorbed and the complete set of equipments of microbiological oxidation mechanism study in covering layer system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of simulators that methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing is improved using charcoal, belong to environment guarantor
Protect technical field.
Background technique
Methane (CH4) it is a kind of important greenhouse gases, it is carbon dioxide that it, which heats potentiality, within estimated 100 years time
(CO2) 25 times, about 20% earth has been contributed to since the industrial age and is heated.Some researches show that CO in recent years2Discharge
Growth has eased up, but discharge of methane seems still be skyrocketed through, therefore reinforces extremely urgent to the control of discharge of methane.According to estimating
Meter, the 70% of global CH4 discharge amount be it is artificial, wherein 19% growth may be garbage loading embeading discharge caused by (IPCC,
1996).Garbage loading embeading is CH4One of most important artificial source of discharge amount, in rubbish landfill gas (LFG) comprising about 50%~
65% methane, 30%~50% carbon dioxide, technologically advanced landfill yard usually utilize pipeline collect LFG, can generally reach
To 50% collection rate, 90% is reached as high as.But this method old landfill yard low for small-sized landfill yard and factor of created gase
There is no good collection efficiency and economic benefit, therefore enhance the methane-oxidizing bacteria activity in covering layer of landfill site soil, improves
The methane oxidation ability of its own is of great significance to methane emission reduction in LFG.Although using traditional containing, compost is contour to be had
The composite coating soil of machine material can effectively improve the methane oxidation ability of overburden soil, but composting cycle it is long, it is at high cost and
Yield is few, it is difficult to meet large-scale engineering and answer.In addition, the rotten degree of compost has an important influence its methane oxidation performance, it is rotten
The not high compost of ripe degree can continue the decomposed a large amount of oxygen of decomposition and consumption because of itself, so that the activity of methane-oxidizing bacteria is inhibited, and
Rotten degree standard traditional at present is not suitable for the requirement of biological coating.
Charcoal is biomass material (such as trees, grass, agricultural crop straw, feces of livestock and poultry) in anaerobic or the condition of anoxic
The organic matter rich in carbon that lower high temperature pyrolysis is formed, its fragrant carbon structure keep it more stable than organic matters such as compost.
Charcoal is since its cellular structure improves water retention in soil and ventilation capacity, so that the good water regime of soil conservation
Coating Methane in Soils oxidability is improved so the activity of edaphon can be enhanced with ventilation environment.Simultaneously as raw
Object charcoal has biggish specific surface area and microcellular structure, and surface functional group is abundant, and the earthing after adding charcoal has landfill gas
There is good suction-operated.
And there are many environmental factor for influencing covering layer of landfill site methane emission reduction, the property of such as covering layer material, initial first
Alkane concentration, moisture content, primary oxygen concentration, temperature etc., charcoal can be because of charcoal kinds for the modifying function of buring layer earthing
The difference of class is different, also related with the property of soil itself (such as pH, EC, moisture holding capacity).For select charcoal as
The modifying agent for improving overburden layer methane emission reduction ability provides reference, and help develops that a kind of methane removal efficiency is high, economic benefit
Good buring layer earthing system, migration absorption of the research methane gas in the covering layer of landfill site system of addition charcoal and micro-
Biological oxidation mechanism seems extremely important.Currently, the research for adsorbing emission reduction in practical earthing environment about methane is also seldom, pass
In the batch experiment of system, the complexity of soil matrix restricts the research field very much；And coating soil system
The middle true traffic condition of landfill gas can not also be observed.And gas column stream simulating lab test is as research methane adsorption and by oxygen
One of the mode for changing experiment, has simple process, technically reliable, experimental provision small in size, dry compared with landfill yard field experiment
The features such as factor is few, condition is easy to control is disturbed, and becomes the first choice of the outer scholar's research of Current Domestic, therefore methane is inhaled in landfill gas
The attached research with microbiological oxidation is highly desirable.Since methane in covering layer system adsorb and microbiological oxidation mechanism by migration
Research be one with test compact emerging cross discipline, to obtain compellent achievement need with special instrument into
Row experiment, and the country has no ready-made complete sets of instrument at present and can be used, which has limited migrate in covering layer system to methane
The development of absorption and microbiological oxidation mechanism study.
In view of the foregoing, it develops one kind and migrates absorption and microorganism in coating soil system to study methane
The simulator of oxidation is that those skilled in the art are dedicated to the problem solved.
Summary of the invention
Methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing is improved using charcoal the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of
Simulator, to carry out the related experiment of methane emission reduction.Solve the soil system that research methane is improved in charcoal indoors
In be adsorbed mechanism problem with microbiological oxidation, the conclusion tested, which can be used as, is applied to landfill yard earthing to charcoal
Slow down the theoretical foundation of discharge of methane.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, it is covered the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a kind of using charcoal raising landfill yard
The simulator of methane emission reduction in soil, it is characterised in that: including Simulated soil columns, the upper/lower terminal of Simulated soil columns is equipped with flange
Disk, the flange pan bottom of lower end are equipped with air inlet, are equipped with gas outlet at the top of the ring flange of upper end；Synthetic gas tank is connected by conduit
The air inlet is connect, the gas outlet is connected by escape pipe with discharge bay；Simulated soil columns side is equipped with gas along short transverse
Thief hatch；
Gas distribution layers, covering material filled layer and air layer are divided into Simulated soil columns from the bottom to top；Air blower is logical
Side air air inlet pipe is crossed to connect with air layer.
Preferably, the Simulated soil columns are the hollow cylinder of upper and lower opening；The Simulated soil columns are organic glass system
At.
Preferably, silicagel pad built in the ring flange.
Preferably, when not needing sampling, the gas sampling mouth is sealed with rubber stopper；When needing to sample, with band coring needle
Syringe from the gas sampling mouth collect gas, pass through chromatographic gas concentration.
Preferably, filling rubble is laid with one for intercepting ash to guarantee air inlet uniformity in the gas distribution layers on rubble
The stainless steel filtering net of dirt and broken grit；
The mixture of earthing, charcoal or earthing and charcoal is filled out in the covering material filled layer.
Preferably, layering successively fills packing material in the covering material filled layer, is filled with stick is fiddled with to required pressure
Solidity.
Preferably, on the Simulated soil columns covering material filled layer side along short transverse be equipped with soil sample acquisition port.
Preferably, the conduit that the synthetic gas tank is connect with air inlet is equipped with gas flowmeter and intake valve；Pass through
It is 13-15mL/min that gas flowmeter, which controls the speed that the synthesis gas in synthetic gas tank flows into Simulated soil columns,；
The escape pipe that the gas outlet is connect with discharge bay is equipped with gas flowmeter；
The side air air inlet pipe that the air blower is connect with air layer is equipped with air humidifier and gas flowmeter, empty
Gas is pumped by air blower, and the air layer in Simulated soil columns is entered after air humidifier humidifies, blows air over and covers in simulated environment
Cover material filled layer promotes the diffusion of air in Simulated soil columns；When investigating Soil Microorganism oxidation activity, air blower is kept
Opening state promotes the diffusion of oxygen in covering material filled layer.
Preferably, the synthesis gas group in the synthetic gas tank becomes 25%CH4,25%CO2And 50%N2。
Preferably, the gas flow is calculated as spinner flowmeter, and the conduit, side air air inlet pipe, escape pipe are
Silicone tube.
The present invention due to using the technology described above, compared with prior art, has the advantages that
(1) synthetic gas tank can provide the synthesis gas of different kinds and concentrations, in addition to the methane gas of high spot reviews of the present invention
In vitro, it can also be used to the research of other gas transfers absorption；The variations of flux of air inlet and outlet can be adjusted by flowmeter；
(2) multiple thief hatch are distributed along packed column, can be met the needs of gas production at any time, can be investigated first at soil different depth
Alkoxide degree and adsorption effect, and thief hatch seals with rubber stopper, and can prevent gas leakage；
(3) metalling of Simulated soil columns lower part can guarantee that air inlet uniformity is distributed, and prevent gas from circulating in column unsmooth, on
Silicagel pad built in lower flange disk, leakproofness is good, can prevent gas leakage；
(4) headspace layer, which is passed through humidifying air, to promote air diffusion with phenomenon of blowing in simulated environment；
(5) present apparatus construction cost is low, occupied area is small, method is simple and convenient to operate, easy to maintain, small investment, and covers
The charcoal added in layer is also a kind of environmentally friendly, carbon sequestration material, and low in cost, device can be used for studying different type charcoal and exist
To the front-seat effect of methane in different soil properties, it is high to obtain the data precision, is that methane is adsorbed and microbiological oxidation in landfill gas
The device of technically reliable in terms of mechanism study.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the simulator provided in this embodiment for improving methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing using charcoal is illustrated
Figure；
Fig. 2 is charcoal in covering material filled layer and several different filling mode figures of soil, is respectively suitable for emphasis
Methanogen oxidation process and high spot reviews covering material are investigated to the absorption property of methane；(a) the first filling mode figure；
(b) second of filling mode figure；(c) the third filling mode figure；
Fig. 3 is the adsorption curve of methane under various inlet flow conditions in embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is maximal absorptive capacity pair of the methane after soil and the improvement of 20% (w/w) charcoal in soil in embodiment 2
Than figure；
Description of symbols:
1- Simulated soil columns, 2- synthetic gas tank, 3- gas flowmeter, 4- intake valve, 5- air blower, 6- air humidifier,
7- discharge bay；
101- air inlet；The gas outlet 102-；103- ring flange；104- silicagel pad；105- gas sampling mouth；106- soil sample is adopted
Ji Kou；107- stainless steel filtering net；
A- gas distribution layers；B- covering material filled layer；C- air layer.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.
Fig. 1 is that the simulator provided in this embodiment for improving methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing using charcoal is illustrated
Figure, the simulator that methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing is improved using charcoal includes Simulated soil columns 1, Simulated soil columns 1
For the hollow cylinder of upper and lower opening made of organic glass, high 60cm, internal diameter 5cm.The upper/lower terminal of Simulated soil columns 1 is all provided with
There is ring flange 103, silicagel pad 104 built in ring flange 103；103 bottom of ring flange of lower end is equipped with air inlet 101, the method for upper end
Gas outlet 102 is equipped at the top of blue disk 103；1 one lateral edge short transverse of Simulated soil columns is equipped with multiple gas sampling mouths 105, and gas is adopted
Sample mouth 105 is sealed with rubber stopper, dense by chromatographic gas with the syringe collecting gas with coring needle when needing
Degree；1 other side of Simulated soil columns is equipped with multiple circular soil sample acquisition ports 106 along short transverse, can unload collection soil sample.
Gas distribution layers A, covering material filled layer B and air layer C are divided into Simulated soil columns 1 from the bottom to top.It is described
Soil sample acquisition port 106 is set to the side covering material filled layer B.
(partial size > 4.75mm) rubble in 4 meshes of filling, is highly 18cm to guarantee air inlet uniformity in gas distribution layers A,
It is laid with a stainless steel filtering net 107 thereon, stainless steel filtering net 107 is for intercepting dust and broken grit.
Covering material filled layer B high 36cm successively fills packing material with mono- layer of 6cm, is filled with stick is fiddled with to required pressure
(typical case's landfill field density is 1.51-1.62g/cm to solidity3).In the present embodiment, the soil 10 filled in covering material filled layer B
Mesh point (partial size < 2mm), biological 40 mesh of carbon particle point (partial size < 0.45mm), it is native in covering material filled layer B to guarantee
Matter is uniform.
Air layer C height 6cm.
Synthetic gas tank 2 connects the air inlet 101 of 1 bottom of Simulated soil columns, synthetic gas tank 2 and air inlet by conduit
Gas flowmeter 3 and intake valve 4 are provided on the conduit of 101 connections.Synthesis gas group in synthetic gas tank 2 become 25%CH4,
25%CO2And 50%N2.Controlling synthesis gas velocity by gas flowmeter 3 is about 13-15mL/min.
Air blower 5 is connect by side air air inlet pipe with air layer C, the side air that air blower 5 is connect with air layer C
Air inlet pipe is equipped with air humidifier 6 and gas flowmeter 3.Air is pumped by air blower 5, after the humidification of air humidifier 6
Into the air layer C in Simulated soil columns 1, covering material filled layer B is blowed air in simulated environment, promotes air in Simulated soil columns 1
Diffusion.When investigating Soil Microorganism oxidation activity, air blower 5 is kept open, and is promoted in covering material filled layer B
The diffusion of oxygen.
Gas outlet 102 is connected by escape pipe with discharge bay 7, and gas is housed on the pipeline that gas outlet 102 is connect with discharge bay 7
Flowmeter body 3.
In the present embodiment, the filled media of covering material filled layer B is landfill yard earthing, charcoal or earthing and charcoal
Mixture, filled media can be used several different filling modes as shown in Figure 2, investigates the covering system of addition charcoal respectively
The microbiological oxidation ability and absorption property united to methane.
In training earthing when methane-oxidizing bacteria, every 2-4 days from gas sampling mouth 105 with 1mL with needle applicator
Gas is collected, the gas being collected into analyzes wherein CH by gas chromatograph (GC-960)4And CO2Concentration, it is micro- in earthing to investigate
Biological oxidation methane ability.
In the present embodiment, gas flowmeter 3 uses spinner flowmeter, and the conduit, side air air inlet pipe, escape pipe are all
For silicone tube.
Below by several specific application examples, the experimental method and effect that the present invention will be described in detail.
It uses and carries out laboratory test, initial pH by the charcoal of 300 DEG C, 500 DEG C, 700 DEG C preparations of raw material of rice straw
Value is followed successively by 7.11,10.20,10.54, and experiment earthing initial pH value is 6.55.
Embodiment 1
Simulated soil columns are Organic glass column, high 60cm, internal diameter 5cm.Bottom flange dish, silicagel pad after the installation is completed, are filled
The crushed-gravel (partial size > 4.75mm) of 18cm high, re-lays one layer of stainless steel filtering net thereon, by covering material (by 80% soil and
20% charcoal mixes composition, and total filling quality 1440g is after packed height reaches 60cm, successively to put in mono- layer of filling column of 6cm
Enter ring flange, silicagel pad, ring flange, the gas sampling mouth of side stoppers rubber stopper, and synthesis gas passes through valve by synthesizing gas tank discharge
Door is connected with gas flowmeter, is followed successively by 7.2mL/min, 12.4ml/min by gas flowmeter control charge flow rate (Q)
And 19ml/min, it is connected between gas flowmeter and Simulated soil columns by conduit, synthesis gas passes through first after entering Simulated soil columns
The gas publication layer of crushed-gravel composition is discharged so that gas uniformly flows in column by gas outlet, gas outlet gas flowmeter
Throughput is detected, the gas of discharge is connected via conduit with discharge bay, receives in syringe of the outlet thief hatch with coring needle
Collect gas sample, with the gas chromatograph (GC960) for being furnished with thermal conductivity monitor (TCD), analyzes CH in sample by carrier gas of helium4And CO2
Concentration.Accumulation charge volume monitors methane concentration, gained when reaching 5 times, 10 times, 20 times, 30 times and 40 times of pore volume
As a result as shown in Figure 3.It can be obtained by Fig. 3, induction air flow ratio is higher, and methane break through is shorter, and the methane content of absorption is accordingly reduced.
Embodiment 2
Soil sample is collected out of the device Simulated soil columns and carries out batch experiment, by all drying soil sample aluminium foils before test
Wrap up it is closely knit, be then placed in high pressure-temperature autoclave sterilizing.Weigh the covering material (soil of 20% charcoal of soil and addition of 8g
Earth) it is put into the thin mouth vial of 118mL, bottleneck is stoppered with isobutyl group bottle stopper and with aluminium lid pinch seal, prevent gas cylinder gas leakage.
It extracts 24m L gas respectively from bottle with injection needle, and injects the synthesis gas (CH of same amount4∶CO2∶N2=1: 1: 2 (volumes
Than)), about 5% initial CH4 concentration can be obtained.Test carries out under the conditions of 25 DEG C, collects initial gas sample, passes through gas-chromatography
Instrument analyzes the concentration of initial methane and carbon dioxide, and the leakproofness of material is destroyed by acutely rocking, so that gas in material and bottle
Body contact, by chromatographic sample, obtains methane concentration in bottle and becomes later every one gas sample of collection in 10-15 seconds
Change trend, and then obtain covering material to the maximal absorptive capacity of methane adds charcoal in the invention device as a result such as Fig. 4
Earthing is to 6 times that the adsorptivity of methane is when being not added with, it was demonstrated that the device can be used to improve methane oxidation energy in landfill yard earthing
Power.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to the present invention in any form with substantial limitation,
It should be pointed out that under the premise of not departing from the method for the present invention, can also be made for those skilled in the art
Several improvement and supplement, these are improved and supplement also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.All those skilled in the art,
Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when made using disclosed above technology contents it is a little more
Dynamic, modification and the equivalent variations developed, are equivalent embodiment of the invention；Meanwhile all substantial technologicals pair according to the present invention
The variation, modification and evolution of any equivalent variations made by above-described embodiment, still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of simulator for improving methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing using charcoal, it is characterised in that: including simulation soil
Column (1), the upper/lower terminal of Simulated soil columns (1) are equipped with ring flange (103), and ring flange (103) bottom of lower end is equipped with air inlet
(101), gas outlet (102) are equipped at the top of the ring flange (103) of upper end；Synthetic gas tank (2) connects the air inlet by conduit
Mouth (101), the gas outlet (102) are connected by escape pipe with discharge bay (7)；Simulated soil columns (1) side is set along short transverse
There are gas sampling mouth (105)；
It is divided into gas distribution layers (A), covering material filled layer (B) and air layer (C) from the bottom to top in Simulated soil columns (1)；
Air blower (5) is connect by side air air inlet pipe with air layer (C).
2. a kind of simulator for improving methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing using charcoal as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: the Simulated soil columns (1) are the hollow cylinder of upper and lower opening；The Simulated soil columns (1) are made of organic glass.
3. a kind of simulator for improving methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing using charcoal as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: silicagel pad (104) built in the ring flange (103).
4. a kind of simulator for improving methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing using charcoal as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: when not needing sampling, the gas sampling mouth (105) is sealed with rubber stopper；When needing to sample, with the note with coring needle
Emitter collects gas from the gas sampling mouth (105), passes through chromatographic gas concentration.
5. a kind of simulator for improving methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing using charcoal as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: in the gas distribution layers (A) filling rubble to guarantee air inlet uniformity, be laid on rubble one for intercept dust with it is broken
The stainless steel filtering net (107) of grit；
The mixture of earthing, charcoal or earthing and charcoal is filled out in the covering material filled layer (B).
6. a kind of simulator for improving methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing using charcoal as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: layering successively fills packing material in the covering material filled layer (B), is filled with stick is fiddled with to required compactness.
7. a kind of simulator for improving methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing using charcoal as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: the covering material filled layer side (B) is equipped with soil sample acquisition port (106) along short transverse on the Simulated soil columns (1).
8. a kind of simulator for improving methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing using charcoal as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: the conduit that the synthetic gas tank (2) connect with air inlet (101) is equipped with gas flowmeter (3) and intake valve
(4)；It is 13- by the speed that the synthesis gas in gas flowmeter (3) control synthetic gas tank (2) flows into Simulated soil columns (1)
15mL/min；
The escape pipe that the gas outlet (102) connect with discharge bay (7) is equipped with gas flowmeter (3)；
The side air air inlet pipe that the air blower (5) connect with air layer (C) is equipped with air humidifier (6) and gas flow
It counts (3), air is pumped by air blower (5), and the air layer in Simulated soil columns (1) is entered after air humidifier (6) humidification
(C), it is blowed air in simulated environment covering material filled layer (B), promotes the diffusion of Simulated soil columns (1) interior air；Investigating soil
When middle microbiological oxidation activity, air blower (5) is kept open, and promotes the diffusion of oxygen in covering material filled layer (B).
9. a kind of simulator that methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing is improved using charcoal as claimed in claim 1 or 8,
Be characterized in that: the synthesis gas group in the synthetic gas tank (2) becomes 25%CH4, 25%CO2And 50%N2。
10. a kind of simulator that methane emission reduction in landfill yard earthing is improved using charcoal as claimed in claim 1 or 8,
It is characterized by: the gas flowmeter (3) is spinner flowmeter, the conduit, side air air inlet pipe, escape pipe are silicon
Sebific duct.
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| CN110618006A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-27 | 上海大学 | Water-force characteristic test sample preparation and harmful gas reduction efficiency test device |
| CN111610309A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-09-01 | 上海大学 | Device for testing gas adsorption capacity and oxidation efficiency of soil body with controllable soil body external load |
| CN112264422A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2021-01-26 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for enhancing methane emission reduction by modifying soil covering layer with hydrophobic biochar |
| CN112435556A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2021-03-02 | 桂林理工大学 | Device for simulating methane oxidation of covering layer of landfill |
| CN114456816A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-10 | 南开大学 | Reagent for reducing soil methane emission and method for reducing soil methane emission |
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Application publication date: 20181228 |