CN109089732A - A kind of culture medium of edible fungus and the preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of culture medium of edible fungus and the preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109089732A CN109089732A CN201810910174.XA CN201810910174A CN109089732A CN 109089732 A CN109089732 A CN 109089732A CN 201810910174 A CN201810910174 A CN 201810910174A CN 109089732 A CN109089732 A CN 109089732A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of culture medium of edible fungus and the preparation method and application thereof.After preparation method of the invention is the following steps are included: rubbish from cooking is classified, nutrients therein is broken, centrifugation removes water removal and grease, adds sawdust, obtains the rubbish from cooking raw material that moisture content is 40~50%；Then inoculating complex microorganism leavening, then it is stirred fermentation, revolving speed is 40~60r/min, and fermentation temperature is 37~45 DEG C, and fermentation materials humidity is 40~50%, and ambient humidity is 50~75%, and fermentation time is 10~20d, obtains tunning；Tunning is mixed with auxiliary materials such as sawdusts, culture medium of edible fungus then is made after spice, sterilizing, cooling；It is cultivated after inoculating edible mushroom, realizes that the processing of rubbish from cooking recycles.The present invention utilizes rubbish from cooking, not only can solve rubbish from cooking processing problem, but also can be energy saving, and had formed the environmentally friendly chain of sustainable development, contributes to energy problem of China, construction sustainable development society.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the combination fields of environment pollution control and agricultural, and in particular to a kind of culture medium of edible fungus and
Preparation method and application.
Background technique
Modern society, people's lives level improve year by year, increasingly pay close attention to the health of itself, drive catering trade therewith
It continues to develop, China's rubbish from cooking yield is caused to be continuously increased.Rubbish from cooking refers to resident in food processing, process of consumption
The solid waste of generation, such as leftovers leftovers, animal skeleton, pericarp.In rubbish from cooking containing a large amount of carbohydrate, protein,
The substances such as fat and cellulose, complicated composition are not easy to handle, and its processing method and general house refuse have difference,
Although it is referred to as " rubbish ", nutriment is abundant, has rich in starch, cellulose, protein, lipid, carbohydrate etc.
Machine object may act as a kind of good energy, alleviate the energy problem in China, to a certain extent if it can be used
It contributes for sustainable development.
Rubbish from cooking recycling treatment is the trend of the times of present society, and necessity is embodied in following three aspects:
1, in " People's Republic of China's prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid wastes method " to solid waste " minimizing, it is innoxious,
Recycling " requirement；
2, low carbon development, sustainable development requirement: moisture content height, the content of organic matter are abundant in rubbish from cooking, if only
It is simple and conventional rubbish mixed processing, vast resources is not only expended, but also be easy to cause soil, water pollution, with China
Build energy conservation, the theory of sustainable development society is runed counter to；
3, garbage classification requirement: seeking to the first step of Urban Domestic Waste Comprehensive Treatment to carry out garbage classification now,
Rubbish classification can preferably for different characteristics rubbish be handled, collective conveyance, substantially increase treatment effeciency, save
About cost.
Currently, mainly having landfill, compost to the processing method of rubbish from cooking both at home and abroad, being regenerated as animal feed, renderer
Industry is oily, bio-fuel is made etc..Rubbish from cooking moisture content is big, is unfavorable for burning, and moisture can largely consume burning disposal system
The heat of system；The features such as that there are fermentation periods is long for compost, low efficiency, and there are nitrogen loss situation, foul smellings in composting process
Smell.The U.S., Japan and European Countries especially pay attention to the processing of rubbish from cooking, and China experienced one section of simple process food waste
After the stage of rubbish, also gradually start the recycling for paying attention to such rubbish, but on the whole for, most domestic area is still
The processing of rubbish from cooking is carried out by filling and being discharged into sewer two ways, this directly increases refuse landfill and city is dirty
The pressure of water treatment plant.The rubbish from cooking processing case of the existing both economical environmental protection in China mainly has: Beijing area is by by kitchen
Remaining garbage decomposition is discharged into septic tank, is converted into marsh gas power generation after treatment, realizes the recycling of the energy；Xiamen area passes through life
Rubbish from cooking is converted to organic fertilizer or with microorganism decomposition rubbish from cooking by object switch technology.
Rubbish from cooking organic matter rich in is the ideal matrix of edible fungus culturing under the suitable conditions.Realize food
The effective use of chemical energy and biological energy source in object residue provides practicable direction for the processing of rubbish from cooking, reduces
It discharges pollutants into environment, to provide new approaches using the chemical energy and biological energy source that are difficult to recycle in rubbish from cooking.
And it is raw material that traditional edible fungus culturing, which is using sawdust, land plaster etc., environmentally friendly degree is not high；If food waste rubbish can be efficiently used
Rubbish not only can solve rubbish from cooking processing problem, but also can be energy saving, the environmentally friendly chain of sustainable development be formed, to China
Energy problem, construction sustainable development society contribute.
Summary of the invention
To solve the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the primary purpose of the present invention is that providing a kind of edible mushroom training
Support the preparation method of base.Preparation method of the present invention is using rubbish from cooking as raw material, after preliminary classification screens, by Bacillus,
The complex micro organism fungicides fermentative degradation such as saccharomycete, mould, and edible mushroom is made in the ingredients such as scientific matching tunning and sawdust
Culture medium.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of culture medium of edible fungus obtained by the preparation method.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of applications of culture medium of edible fungus, applied to edible mushroom
Cultivation.Specific steps are as follows: the then edible microbial inoculum on the culture medium of edible fungus after inoculation activation is eaten after cultivating
The recycling of rubbish from cooking had both may be implemented in bacterium, but also rubbish from cooking is quickly dissolved and resource utilization, generated simultaneously
Economic benefit.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of preparation method of culture medium of edible fungus, includes the following steps:
(1) after rubbish from cooking being classified, nutrients therein is broken, centrifugation removes water removal and grease, obtaining moisture content is
40~50% rubbish from cooking raw material；
(2) compound microbial culture starter on rubbish from cooking raw material after inoculation activation is obtained in step (1), then stirred
Fermentation, revolving speed are 40~60r/min, and fermentation temperature is 37~45 DEG C, and fermentation materials humidity is 40~50%, ambient humidity 50
~75%, fermentation time is 10~20d, obtains tunning；
(3) sawdust or/and wheat bran will be added in step (2) resulting tunning, water is then added, most afterwards through mixing
Culture medium of edible fungus is made after material, sterilizing, cooling.
In the present invention, tunning obtained by step (2) is the aerobic fermentation principle based on microorganism, and using stirring fermentation
Mode realize, microorganism can be reduced because anaerobic digestion generates methane, CO by the method2And H2S avoids locating
Pernicious gas is generated in reason, the tunning nitrogen loss rate after fermentation is low, and fat, protein decomposition rate are high, and biological energy source is high, gained
Tunning is full of nutrition, can be used as organic fertilizer, and fermentation process is simple, easily controllable in the present invention.Furthermore in the present invention
Auxiliary material can be common sawdust, not only from a wealth of sources, while also can provide a large amount of carbon source, nitrogen source, so, benefit in the present invention
With the rubbish from cooking after fermentation come culturing edible fungus, both solves rubbish from cooking or provide new think of for the cultural method of edible mushroom
Road.
Further, step (2) described compound microbial culture starter includes bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, wine
Brewer yeast bacterium, aspergillus oryzae mixed bacteria, wherein the bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae, aspergillus oryzae
Mass ratio be 10:10:1:1, inoculum concentration is 1~3% (v/m), and every gram of compound microbial culture starter contains viable count 20,000,000,000
It is a, fermentative degradation is carried out using these strains, produces organic fertilizer.
Further, step (1) described nutrients is as follows according to parts by weight: rice 25~50%, vegetables 15~30%, beans
Class 5~10%, eggs 5~10% and meat 10~30%.
Further, it is additionally added white sugar or/and gypsum in step (3) described tunning, control material-water ratio is 1: 0.8~
1.5。
The sawdust or wheat bran being added in tunning in step (3) of the present invention both can be used as carbon source or can play adjustment
Control the effect of moisture content.
Further, step (3) described culture medium of edible fungus is according to parts by weight are as follows: the tunning, sawdust, bran
Skin, white sugar and gypsum are according to parts by weight successively are as follows: 100~200 parts of tunning, 20~50 parts of sawdust, 0~5 part of wheat bran, white
0.5~1 part and 0.5~1 part of gypsum of sugar.
Further, it is 5~10g/L that the culture medium of step (2) the compound microbial culture starter activation, which is mass concentration,
Brown sugar water, 35~37 DEG C of activation temperature, 6~12h of activation time.
Further, the classification of step (1) rubbish from cooking is first to reject non-nutritive object ingredient, the non-nutritive object at
Dividing includes paper handkerchief, stone etc., and nutrient profile is classified further according to nutrient enrichment degree.
Further, the moisture control of step (1) the rubbish from cooking raw material mainly passes through dehydration 40~50%
Or the puffs such as sawdust, sawdust are added to realize.
Further, the temperature of step (3) described sterilizing is 105~121 DEG C, 20~40min of sterilization time；The cooling
To force cooling, forcing cooling temperature is 20~35 DEG C.
Further, step (3) described culture medium of edible fungus can be used preservative film and be rolled into rodlike, 2~3 layers of package,
It reuses cotton thread to be bundled, obtains rodlike culture medium.
The present invention provides the culture medium of edible fungus obtained by the preparation method.
The present invention also provides the culture medium of edible fungus to be applied to culturing edible fungus.
Culturing edible fungus of the present invention, comprises the following processes: the food first on culture medium of edible fungus after inoculation activation
With microbial inoculum, inoculum concentration is 1~5% (v/m)；Then the culture medium after eating microbial inoculum will be inoculated with and cultivate 36~54d.
Further, the cultivation are as follows: 5~10d is first cultivated at 18~25 DEG C；Then in 20~28 DEG C of dark condition
10~15d of lower culture, relative air humidity 40~80%；21~29d is cultivated under last illumination, temperature is 22~30 DEG C, humidity
It is 100~500lux for 50~90%, intensity of illumination.
Further, the edible mushroom is in straw mushroom, mushroom, oyster mushroom, agaric, Pleurotus eryngii, agrocybe, Hericium erinaceus and russule
More than one.
Further, the matrix for activating edible microbial inoculum are as follows: potato juice 1L, glucose 15 of the mass concentration for 20%
~20g, KH2PO43~5g, MgSO4·7H21~2g of O, 8~10mg of thiamine, pH6.0~7.0,20~35 DEG C of activation temperature,
3~7d of activation time.
In the present invention, the cultivation of edible mushroom can be successfully carried out using culture medium of edible fungus.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) present invention focuses on chemical energy and biological energy source in effective use swill, mentions for the processing of rubbish from cooking
Supplied practicable direction, reduced and discharge pollutants into environment, for using in rubbish from cooking chemical energy and biological energy source mention
Thinking is supplied.
(2) method provided by the invention can efficiently use remaining nutriment, using the aerobic fermentation of microorganism, subtract
Few microorganism generates methane, CO because of anaerobic digestion2And H2The pernicious gases such as S, and product be Edible material, successfully become give up into
Treasured accomplishes energy-saving and emission-reduction.
(3) present invention improves energy and utilization of nutrients in rubbish from cooking, starch in rubbish from cooking material composition
Class, eatable cellulose, protein-based, andvegetable fats class account for 95% of dry matter or more, and many nutriments are for edible mushroom
Class culture and utility.
(4) present invention reduces the discharge of rubbish from cooking from the perspective of emission reduction, improves common rubbish from cooking processing
The problems such as residual contaminants are handled in the process；From the perspective of energy conservation, biochemistry energy is recycled, the energy is reduced
Waste, realizes relatively good economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of process flow chart using rubbish from cooking culturing edible fungus.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
Embodiment 1
Rubbish from cooking 3.0kg is collected, the rubbish from cooking preliminary classification of collection rejects non-nutritive object ingredient, it is main to wrap
Include paper handkerchief, stone etc., and nutrient profile classified according to nutrient enrichment degree, wherein rice 1.0kg, vegetables 770g,
Beans 170g, eggs 260g, meat 800g, and be crushed and be centrifuged, the water and grease of a part are removed, sawdust is added
2.5kg, by moisture control between 40~50%.
Rubbish from cooking raw material inoculating complex microorganism leavening is subjected to fermentative degradation, compound microbial culture starter is by withered grass
Bacillus, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae, aspergillus oryzae mixed bacteria and carrier mix, and every gram of leavening contains
Viable count 20,000,000,000, wherein bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae, aspergillus oryzae mass ratio be 10:
10:1:1.Before inoculation, compound microbial culture starter is subjected to strain culturing, activation, activation medium (i.e. carrier) solvent is
Water, solute are brown sugar, and culture medium concentration is 6g/L, and condition of culture is 37 DEG C of temperature, time 7h.Rubbish from cooking raw material is according to 3%
(v/m) the compound microorganism ferments liquid after inoculum concentration inoculation activation.
The rubbish from cooking mixture of inoculating complex microorganism leavening is entered in fermentation machine and is stirred fermentation, revolving speed is
60r/min, fermentation temperature are 37~45 DEG C, and humidity of materials is 40~50%, and ambient humidity control is 50~75%, fermentation time
For 14d.
Product after fermentation is mixed with sawdust, white sugar and gypsum, wherein every part takes rubbish from cooking 200g, wood after fermentation
Consider to be worth doing 30g, white sugar 0.5g, gypsum 1g, material-water ratio 1: 1, after mixing evenly, be rolled into preservative film it is rodlike, wrap up 2~3 layers, make
It is bundled with cotton thread, 24 bacteria sticks is made altogether, sterilize 30min at 105 DEG C, and the bacteria stick pressure for completing sterilizing is cooled to
25 DEG C, it is inoculated with the mushroom strain of initial activation, inoculum concentration is 3% (v/m), wherein mushroom strain activation medium are as follows: 20% horse
Bell potato juice 1L, glucose 15g, KH2PO45g, MgSO4·7H2O 1g, thiamine 8mg, pH6.5, in 27 DEG C of culture 5d.
Lentinus edodes strain stick after inoculation is cultivated in culturing room: mycelium germination phase, cultivation temperature are 22 DEG C, culture
7d；Vegetative stage, cultivation temperature are 24 DEG C, cultivate 14d, relative air humidity is 40~80%, and culturing room's door and window is wanted
With black cloth or paper shading；Sporophore growth stage, cultivation temperature are 27 DEG C, and humidity is 50~90%, and 25d, institute are cultivated under illumination
Stating intensity of illumination is 300lux.The mushroom (water content 87%) of 0.74kg can be obtained through 46d culture.
Embodiment 2
Rubbish from cooking 1.5kg is collected, the rubbish from cooking preliminary classification of collection rejects non-nutritive object ingredient, it is main to wrap
Include paper handkerchief, stone etc., and nutrient profile classified according to nutrient enrichment degree, wherein rice 700g, vegetables 400g,
Beans 100g, eggs 100g, meat 200g, and be crushed and be centrifuged, the water and grease of a part are removed, sawdust is added
1.0kg, by moisture control between 40~50%.
Rubbish from cooking raw material inoculating complex microorganism leavening is subjected to fermentative degradation, compound microbial culture starter is by withered grass
Bacillus, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae, aspergillus oryzae mixed bacteria and carrier mix, and every gram of leavening contains
Viable count 20,000,000,000, wherein bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae, aspergillus oryzae mass ratio be 10:
10:1:1.Before inoculation, compound microbial culture starter is subjected to bacterial strain activation, culture, culture medium (i.e. carrier) solvent is water, molten
Matter is brown sugar, and culture medium concentration is 8g/L, and condition of culture is 37 DEG C of temperature, time 8h.Rubbish from cooking raw material is according to 3% (v/m)
Inoculum concentration inoculation activation after compound microorganism ferments liquid.
The rubbish from cooking mixture of inoculating complex microorganism leavening is entered in fermentation machine and is stirred fermentation, revolving speed is
50r/min, fermentation temperature are 37~45 DEG C, and humidity of materials is 40~50%, and ambient humidity control is 50~75%, fermentation time
For 16d.
Product after fermentation is mixed with sawdust, wheat bran, white sugar and gypsum, wherein every part takes rubbish from cooking after fermentation
100g, sawdust 50g, wheat bran 4g, white sugar 1g, gypsum 0.5g, material-water ratio 1: 1.5 are rolled into stick with preservative film after mixing evenly
Shape is wrapped up 2~3 layers, is bundled using cotton thread, and 18 bacteria sticks are made altogether, and sterilize 25min at 121 DEG C, and will complete to sterilize
Bacteria stick pressure be cooled to 30 DEG C, be inoculated with the straw mushroom strain of initial activation, inoculum concentration is 4% (v/m), wherein straw mushroom strain is living
Change culture medium are as follows: 20% potato juice 1L, glucose 15g, KH2PO45g, MgSO4·7H2O 1g, thiamine 8mg, pH6.7, in
25 DEG C of culture 6d.
Straw mushroom bacteria stick after inoculation is cultivated in culturing room: mycelium germination phase, cultivation temperature are 20 DEG C, culture
8d, vegetative stage, cultivation temperature are 23 DEG C, cultivate 15d, relative air humidity is 40~80%, and culturing room's door and window is wanted
With black cloth or paper shading；Sporophore growth stage, cultivation temperature are 24 DEG C, and humidity is 50~90%, and 29d, institute are cultivated under illumination
Stating intensity of illumination is 320lux.The straw mushroom (water content 89%) of 0.52kg can be obtained through 52d culture.
Embodiment 3
Rubbish from cooking 2.5kg is collected, the rubbish from cooking preliminary classification of collection rejects non-nutritive object ingredient, it is main to wrap
Include paper handkerchief, stone etc., and nutrient profile classified according to nutrient enrichment degree, wherein rice 800g, vegetables 600g,
Beans 200g, eggs 200g, meat 700g, and be crushed and be centrifuged, centrifugation can remove the water and grease of a part, addition wood
2.0kg is considered to be worth doing, by moisture control between 40~50%.
Rubbish from cooking raw material inoculating complex microorganism leavening is subjected to fermentative degradation, compound microbial culture starter is by withered grass
Bacillus, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae, aspergillus oryzae mixed bacteria and carrier mix, and every gram of leavening contains
Viable count 20,000,000,000, wherein bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae, aspergillus oryzae mass ratio be 10:
10:1:1.Before inoculation, compound microbial culture starter is subjected to bacterial strain activation, culture, activation medium (i.e. carrier) solvent is
Water, solute are brown sugar, and culture medium concentration is 6g/L, and condition of culture is 37 DEG C of temperature, time 9h.Rubbish from cooking raw material is according to 3%
(v/m) the compound microorganism ferments liquid after inoculum concentration inoculation activation.
The rubbish from cooking mixture of inoculating complex microorganism leavening is entered in fermentation machine and is stirred fermentation, revolving speed is
50r/min, fermentation temperature are 37~45 DEG C, and humidity of materials is 40~50%, and ambient humidity control is 50~75%, fermentation time
For 18d.
Product after fermentation is mixed with sawdust, wherein every part takes rubbish from cooking 200g, sawdust 20g after fermentation, material-water ratio
Be 1: 0.8, after mixing evenly, be rolled into preservative film it is rodlike, wrap up 2~3 layers, bundled using cotton thread, altogether be made 15
Bacteria stick, sterilize 30min at 105 DEG C, and the bacteria stick pressure for completing sterilizing is cooled to 25 DEG C, is inoculated with the oyster mushroom bacterium of initial activation
Kind, inoculum concentration is 3% (v/m), wherein mushroom strain activation medium are as follows: 20% potato juice 1L, glucose 15g,
KH2PO45g, MgSO4·7H2O1g, thiamine 8mg, pH6.3, in 27 DEG C of culture 5d.
Lentinus edodes strain stick after inoculation is cultivated in culturing room: mycelium germination phase, cultivation temperature are 21 DEG C, culture
6d, vegetative stage, cultivation temperature are 22 DEG C, cultivate 13d, relative air humidity is 40~80%, and culturing room's door and window is wanted
With black cloth or paper shading；Sporophore growth stage, cultivation temperature are 26 DEG C, and humidity is 50~90%, and 21d, institute are cultivated under illumination
Stating intensity of illumination is 270lux.The mushroom (water content 85%) of 0.88kg can be obtained through 40d culture.
Embodiment 4
Rubbish from cooking 3.0kg is collected, the rubbish from cooking preliminary classification of collection rejects non-nutritive object ingredient, it is main to wrap
Include paper handkerchief, stone etc., and nutrient profile classified according to nutrient enrichment degree, wherein rice 1.0kg, vegetables 800g,
Beans 200g, eggs 200g, meat 800g, and be crushed and be centrifuged, centrifugation can remove the water and grease of a part, addition wood
2.1kg is considered to be worth doing, by moisture control between 40~50%.
Rubbish from cooking raw material inoculating complex microorganism leavening is subjected to fermentative degradation, compound microbial culture starter is by withered grass
Bacillus, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae, aspergillus oryzae mixed bacteria and carrier mix, and every gram of leavening contains
Viable count 20,000,000,000, wherein bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae, aspergillus oryzae mass ratio be 10:
10:1:1.Before inoculation, compound microbial culture starter is subjected to bacterial strain activation, culture, activation medium (i.e. carrier) solvent is
Water, solute are brown sugar, and culture medium concentration is 6g/L, and condition of culture is 37 DEG C of temperature, time 8h.Rubbish from cooking raw material is according to 3%
(v/m) the compound microorganism ferments liquid after inoculum concentration inoculation activation.
The rubbish from cooking mixture of inoculating complex microorganism leavening is entered in fermentation machine and is stirred fermentation, revolving speed is
50r/min, fermentation temperature are 37~45 DEG C, and humidity of materials is 40~50%, and ambient humidity control is 50~75%, fermentation time
For 20d.
Product after fermentation is mixed with sawdust, wheat bran, white sugar and gypsum, wherein every part takes rubbish from cooking after fermentation
150g, sawdust 30g, wheat bran 2g, white sugar 0.5g, gypsum 0.5g, material-water ratio 1: 1.2 are rolled into preservative film after mixing evenly
It is rodlike, 2~3 layers are wrapped up, is bundled using cotton thread, 25 bacteria sticks are made altogether, sterilize 40min at 110 DEG C, and completion is gone out
The bacteria stick pressure of bacterium is cooled to 27 DEG C, is inoculated with the flat mushroom strain of initial activation, and inoculum concentration is 4% (v/m), wherein mushroom strain
Activation medium are as follows: 20% potato juice 1L, glucose 15g, KH2PO45g, MgSO4·7H2O 1g, thiamine 8mg, pH
6.4, in 27 DEG C of culture 4d.
Oyster mushroom bacteria stick after inoculation is cultivated in culturing room: mycelium germination phase, cultivation temperature are 24 DEG C, culture
8d, vegetative stage, cultivation temperature are 26 DEG C, cultivate 14d, relative air humidity is 40~80%, and culturing room's door and window is wanted
With black cloth or paper shading；Sporophore growth stage, cultivation temperature are 28 DEG C, and humidity is 50~90%, and 25d, institute are cultivated under illumination
Stating intensity of illumination is 170lux.The oyster mushroom (water content 87%) of 0.91kg can be obtained through 47d culture.
Embodiment 5
Rubbish from cooking 2.2kg is collected, the rubbish from cooking preliminary classification of collection rejects non-nutritive object ingredient, it is main to wrap
Include paper handkerchief, stone etc., and nutrient profile classified according to nutrient enrichment degree, wherein rice 800g, vegetables 600g,
Beans 200g, eggs 120g, meat 480g, and be crushed and be centrifuged, centrifugation can remove the water and grease of a part, addition wood
2.0kg is considered to be worth doing, by moisture control between 40~50%.
Rubbish from cooking raw material inoculating complex microorganism leavening is subjected to fermentative degradation, compound microbial culture starter is by withered grass
Bacillus, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae, aspergillus oryzae mixed bacteria and carrier mix, and every gram of leavening contains
Viable count 20,000,000,000, wherein bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae, aspergillus oryzae mass ratio be 10:
10:1:1.Before inoculation, compound microbial culture starter is subjected to bacterial strain activation, culture, activation medium (i.e. carrier) solvent is
Water, solute are brown sugar, and culture medium concentration is 6g/L, and condition of culture is 37 DEG C of temperature, time 8h.Rubbish from cooking raw material is according to 3%
(v/m) the compound microorganism ferments liquid after inoculum concentration inoculation activation.
The rubbish from cooking mixture of inoculating complex microorganism leavening is entered in fermentation machine and is stirred fermentation, revolving speed is
40r/min, fermentation temperature are 37~45 DEG C, and humidity of materials is 40~50%, and ambient humidity control is 50~75%, fermentation time
For 18d.
Product after fermentation is mixed with sawdust, wheat bran and gypsum, wherein every part takes rubbish from cooking 200g, wood after fermentation
Consider 20g, wheat bran 3g, gypsum 1g to be worth doing, material-water ratio 1: 1 is rolled into rodlike, 2~3 layers of package, use with preservative film after mixing evenly
Cotton thread is bundled, and 13 bacteria sticks are made altogether, and sterilize 30min at 105 DEG C, and the bacteria stick pressure for completing sterilizing is cooled to 25
DEG C, it is inoculated with the flat mushroom strain of initial activation, inoculum concentration is 3% (v/m), wherein mushroom strain activation medium are as follows: 20% Ma Ling
Potato juice 1L, glucose 15g, KH2PO45g, MgSO4·7H2O 1g, thiamine 8mg, pH 6.5, in 27 DEG C of culture 5d.
Agaric bacteria stick after inoculation is cultivated in culturing room: mycelium germination phase, cultivation temperature are 20 DEG C, culture
7d, vegetative stage, cultivation temperature are 22 DEG C, cultivate 12d, relative air humidity is 40~80%, and culturing room's door and window is wanted
With black cloth or paper shading；Sporophore growth stage, cultivation temperature are 24 DEG C, and humidity is 50~90%, and 21d, institute are cultivated under illumination
Stating intensity of illumination is 300lux.The agaric (water content 90%) of 0.63kg can be obtained through 40d culture.
Embodiment 6
Rubbish from cooking 2.5kg is collected, the rubbish from cooking preliminary classification of collection rejects non-nutritive object ingredient, it is main to wrap
Include paper handkerchief, stone etc., and nutrient profile classified according to nutrient enrichment degree, wherein rice 700g, vegetables 600g,
Beans 250g, eggs 250g, meat 700g, and be crushed and be centrifuged, centrifugation can remove the water and grease of a part, addition wood
2.2kg is considered to be worth doing, by moisture control between 40~50%.
Rubbish from cooking raw material inoculating complex microorganism leavening is subjected to fermentative degradation, compound microbial culture starter is by withered grass
Bacillus, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae, aspergillus oryzae mixed bacteria and carrier mix, and every gram of leavening contains
Viable count 20,000,000,000, wherein bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae, aspergillus oryzae mass ratio be 10:
10:1:1.Before inoculation, compound microbial culture starter is subjected to bacterial strain activation, culture, activation medium (i.e. carrier) solvent is
Water, solute are brown sugar, and culture medium concentration is 6g/L, and condition of culture is 37 DEG C of temperature, time 10h.Rubbish from cooking raw material is according to 3%
(v/m) the compound microorganism ferments liquid after inoculum concentration inoculation activation.
The rubbish from cooking mixture of inoculating complex microorganism leavening is entered in fermentation machine and is stirred fermentation, revolving speed is
60r/min, fermentation temperature are 37~45 DEG C, and humidity of materials is 40~50%, and ambient humidity control is 50~75%, fermentation time
For 20d.
Product after fermentation is mixed with sawdust, wherein every part takes rubbish from cooking 200g, sawdust 30g after fermentation, material-water ratio
Be 1: 1, after mixing evenly, be rolled into preservative film it is rodlike, wrap up 2~3 layers, bundled using cotton thread, altogether be made 15 bacterium
Stick, sterilize 30min at 105 DEG C, and the bacteria stick pressure for completing sterilizing is cooled to 25 DEG C, is inoculated with the oyster mushroom bacterium of initial activation
Kind, inoculum concentration is 4% (v/m), wherein mushroom strain activation medium are as follows: 20% potato juice 1L, glucose 15g,
KH2PO45g, MgSO4·7H2O1g, thiamine 8mg, pH 6.3, in 27 DEG C of culture 5d.
Agaric bacteria stick after inoculation is cultivated in culturing room: mycelium germination phase, cultivation temperature are 22 DEG C, culture
7d, vegetative stage, cultivation temperature are 24 DEG C, cultivate 12d, relative air humidity is 40~80%, and culturing room's door and window is wanted
With black cloth or paper shading；Sporophore growth stage, cultivation temperature are 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50~90%, and 22d, institute are cultivated under illumination
Stating intensity of illumination is 230lux.The oyster mushroom (water content 86%) of 0.79kg, conversion ratio 31.6% can be obtained through 41d culture.
Per kilogram rubbish from cooking (moisture content about 50%) is can be obtained 0.3 kilogram edible in terms of 30% by conversion ratio
Bacterium, per kilogram edible mushroom are 25 yuan of calculating, and generation economic value is 7.5 yuan/kilogram.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention,
It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of culture medium of edible fungus, which comprises the steps of:
(1) after rubbish from cooking being classified, water removal and grease are removed in nutrients therein is broken, centrifugation, obtain moisture content be 40~
50% rubbish from cooking raw material；
(2) compound microbial culture starter on rubbish from cooking raw material after inoculation activation is obtained in step (1), is then sent out in stirring
Ferment, revolving speed be 40~60r/min, fermentation temperature be 37~45 DEG C, fermentation materials humidity be 40~50%, ambient humidity be 50~
75%, fermentation time is 10~20d, obtains tunning；
(3) sawdust or/and wheat bran will be added in step (2) resulting tunning, then add water, most afterwards through spice, go out
Culture medium of edible fungus is made after bacterium, cooling.
2. a kind of preparation method of culture medium of edible fungus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) is described multiple
Closing microbe leaven includes bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae and aspergillus oryzae mixed bacteria, and above-mentioned four
The mass ratio of kind bacterium is 10:10:1:1；Compound microbial culture starter inoculum concentration is 1~3%v/m.
3. a kind of preparation method of culture medium of edible fungus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1) described battalion
The component for supporting object is as follows according to parts by weight: rice 25~50%, vegetables 15~30%, beans 5~10%, 5~10% and of eggs
Meat 10~30%.
4. a kind of preparation method of culture medium of edible fungus according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, which is characterized in that step (3)
White sugar or/and gypsum, material-water ratio 1: 0.8~1.5 are additionally added in the tunning.
5. a kind of preparation method of culture medium of edible fungus according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the tunning,
Sawdust, wheat bran, white sugar and gypsum are according to parts by weight successively are as follows: 100~200 parts of tunning, 20~50 parts of sawdust, wheat bran 0
~5 parts, 0.5~1 part of white sugar and 0.5~1 part of gypsum.
6. a kind of preparation method of culture medium of edible fungus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) is described multiple
It is 5~10g/L brown sugar water that the culture medium for closing microbe leaven activation, which is mass concentration, when 35~37 DEG C of activation temperature, activation
Between 6~12h.
7. a kind of preparation method of culture medium of edible fungus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) is described to go out
The temperature of bacterium is 105~121 DEG C, 20~40min of sterilization time；Step (3) is described to be cooled to force cooling, forces cooling temperature
It is 20~35 DEG C.
8. a kind of culture medium of edible fungus obtained by any one of claim 1~7 preparation method.
9. a kind of application of culture medium of edible fungus described in claim 8 is applied to culturing edible fungus, which is characterized in that including such as
Lower process: the edible microbial inoculum first on culture medium of edible fungus after inoculation activation, inoculum concentration are 1~5%v/m；It then will inoculation
Culture medium after edible microbial inoculum cultivates 36~54d.
10. a kind of application of culture medium of edible fungus according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the cultivation are as follows: first 18~
5~10d is cultivated at 25 DEG C；Then 10~15d, relative air humidity 40~80% are cultivated under 20~28 DEG C of dark condition；
21~29d is cultivated under last illumination, temperature is 22~30 DEG C, humidity is 50~90%, intensity of illumination is 100~500lux.
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| CN111406574A (en) * | 2020-04-18 | 2020-07-14 | 浙江华庆元生物科技有限公司 | Edible mushroom cultivation method |
| CN113875499A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-01-04 | 河南小威环境科技有限公司 | Method for preparing edible fungus culture medium by utilizing wet garbage to perform rapid fermentation |
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| CN103910547A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-09 | 安琪酵母股份有限公司 | Domestic fungus medium, preparation method thereof and domestic fungus culture method |
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| CN113875499A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-01-04 | 河南小威环境科技有限公司 | Method for preparing edible fungus culture medium by utilizing wet garbage to perform rapid fermentation |
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