CN109089500B - Fertilizing method for color leaf plants - Google Patents
Fertilizing method for color leaf plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN109089500B CN109089500B CN201810793579.XA CN201810793579A CN109089500B CN 109089500 B CN109089500 B CN 109089500B CN 201810793579 A CN201810793579 A CN 201810793579A CN 109089500 B CN109089500 B CN 109089500B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilizing method of color leaf plants, which comprises the following steps: 1) applying 10-20 parts of organic fertilizer, 0.1-0.25 part of bacterial fertilizer and 0.5-1 part of high-nitrogen-content compound fertilizer in sequence by weight in spring base fertilizer application in 3 months; 2) topdressing in summer for 6-7 months, and topdressing 0.5-1.5 parts of high nitrogen-containing high compound fertilizer; 3) topdressing in autumn in 9-10 months, and topdressing 0.5-1.5 parts of high-phosphorus compound fertilizer; through the steps, the fertilizing operation of the colorful leaf plants for one year is completed. The fertilizing method of the color leaf plants can improve the utilization efficiency of the plants to fertilizers, lead the color changing period of the color leaf plants to be advanced, prolong the leaf hanging time and improve the ornamental value of the color leaf plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant fertilization, and particularly relates to a fertilizing method for color leaf plants.
Background
The application of the colored leaf plants in urban greening is more and more popular, and the colored leaf plants are an important way for improving urban landscapes. The landscape effect of the colored-leaf plants is determined by the heredity and environmental factors, wherein the ecological conditions of the trees such as air temperature, day and night temperature difference, illumination, water and fertilizer, soil quality and the like all affect the change of leaf color, and the fertilization is easy to control. The fertilization of the colorful leaf plants is different from that of common plants, and on the premise of meeting the normal growth of the plants, how to prolong the color-changing period time of leaves and the color of the leaves is very important. In order to advance the color changing period of the color leaf plants, prolong the leaf hanging time, improve the chroma of leaves and improve the landscape effect of the color leaf plants, a specific fertilization scheme with more pertinence is an important approach.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a fertilizing method for color leaf plants, which is beneficial to advancing the color changing period of plant leaves, prolonging the leaf hanging time and improving the ornamental value of the plants.
The technical scheme is that the fertilizing method of the color leaf plants comprises the following steps:
1) applying 10-20 parts of organic fertilizer, 0.10-0.25 part of bacterial fertilizer and 0.5-1 part of high-nitrogen-content compound fertilizer in sequence by weight parts in spring after the base fertilizer is applied for about 3 months;
2) topdressing in summer for 6-7 months, and topdressing 0.5-1.5 parts of high nitrogen-containing high compound fertilizer;
3) topdressing in autumn in 9-10 months, and topdressing 0.5-1.5 parts of high-phosphorus compound fertilizer;
through the steps, the fertilizing operation of the colorful leaf plants for one year is completed.
Further, the fertilization in the step 1) is deep fertilization, and furrows are dug in a strip shape at the position of 80-120cm of the trunk, and the depth is 25-35 cm.
Further, the organic fertilizer in the step 1) is a commercial organic fertilizer or a farmyard manure, the content of organic matters is more than 50%, the content of total nutrients is more than 5%, and the quality meets the requirements of NY 525-2012 organic fertilizer.
Furthermore, in the bacterial manure in the step 1), the content of organic matters is more than 35 percent, and the number of effective viable bacteria is more than 2 hundred million/g.
Further, the high nitrogen-containing high compound fertilizer N in the step 1) and the step 2): p2O5：K2The mass ratio of O is 22:10:10, and the mass ratio of N in the high-phosphorus compound fertilizer in the step 3) is: p2O5：K2The mass ratio of O is 15:15: 15.
Further, in the step 2) and the step 3), when the compound fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer is applied annularly along the water dripping line of the color leaf plants, the depth is 2-10 cm, and soil is immediately covered to prevent the fertilizer from volatilizing.
Further, the colored leaf plant is Acer rubrum, Sapium sebiferum, Acer mono Maxim or other autumn leaf trees.
Further, the application amount of the high-nitrogen compound fertilizer in the step 1) depends on the size of the trees and does not exceed 1 kg/plant.
Further, the application amount of the high-nitrogen compound fertilizer in the step 2) depends on the size of the trees and does not exceed 1.5 kg/plant.
Further, the application amount of the high-phosphorus compound fertilizer in the step 3) depends on the size of the trees, but does not exceed 1.5 kg/plant.
According to the invention, through research on different formula fertilization schemes (different fertilization proportions and fertilization distribution), the plant growth amount, the leaf color change time and the leaf hanging time in the color change period of each fertilization scheme are measured and observed, the optimal fertilization scheme is selected, and the pulse type fertilization is carried out on the color leaf plants by adopting the methods of spring base fertilizer fertilization and summer and autumn topdressing fertilization.
The nutrients required for the normal growth and development of the colored leaf plants are the same as those of the conventional plants, but the color change (the color of leaves and the leaf hanging time) of the colored leaf plants is influenced by the lack of partial nutrient elements, particularly trace mineral elements such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and the like. Therefore, when the base fertilizer is applied in spring, the organic fertilizer is mainly used for supplementing 16 mineral elements, particularly trace elements, which are necessary for plants; as the plants are in the beginning stage of vegetative growth of hairy roots and hairy leaves, a large amount of nitrogen elements are needed, the nitrogen elements in the fertilizer are sufficiently supplied, and a compound fertilizer is supplemented when a base fertilizer is applied to make up the deficiency of the quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium major elements of the organic fertilizer. In addition, when the base fertilizer is applied, bacterial fertilizer is applied additionally, the density of effective viable bacteria in the soil after the fertilizer is applied is enough, and the effectiveness of flora is ensured.
In summer, the plant is in the peak period of vegetative growth, and a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, particularly nitrogen, are in vigorous demand, so that the high-nitrogen-content compound fertilizer is applied in summer to ensure the growth of the plant. The nutritional growth of autumn plants is in a stable stage, the requirement on nitrogen is reduced, and phosphorus is a key element for leaf discoloration, and synthesis of anthocyanin and corresponding enzyme of leaves is influenced, so that a balanced compound fertilizer with relatively high phosphorus content is applied.
When the base fertilizer is applied in spring, furrowing is conducted at a certain distance from the trunk for deep application, and when topdressing is conducted in summer and autumn, fertilizer is applied along a water dripping line, so that the phenomenon that the fertilizer burns roots is avoided. In addition, soil is required to be immediately covered after fertilization, so that fertilizer volatilization is prevented, and waste is avoided.
The invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. according to the invention, different fertilizers are applied at different times, and the selected organic fertilizer can provide various nutrient elements required by plants, especially micronutrient elements, and can increase the content of organic matters in soil, so that the organic matter fertilizer has good effects of improving the soil structure, reducing the volume weight of the soil and improving the air permeability of the soil; the bacterial fertilizer can provide a large amount of microbial strains, can accelerate the decomposition of the organic fertilizer and accelerate the release of mineral elements in the organic fertilizer; the compound fertilizer makes up the deficiency of quick-acting large amount of nutrient elements of the organic fertilizer.
2. According to the invention, according to the characteristics of the demand of the plant on elements in the growth stage, the top dressing is accurate, the leaching loss and waste of the fertilizer are reduced, and the damage of one-time large-amount fertilization to the burnt roots of the plant is avoided.
3. The invention can advance the color changing time of the color leaf plants, prolong the leaf hanging time of the leaves and improve the landscape effect of the color leaf plants.
4. The invention adopts organic fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer and compound fertilizer according to a certain proportion and applies fertilizer by times. The fertilizer is common, the fertilizing method is simple, the fertilizer can be applied to single trees without special appliances, and the fertilizer is suitable for the planting and distribution characteristics of colored leaf plants and is beneficial to popularization.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the following examples.
Example 1: the color leaf tree species is American red maple October red, and the fertilization place is Chongming nursery
Areas with consistent growth vigor in the nursery are selected, two rows of the areas are selected as fertilization groups (11) of the invention, and two rows of the areas are selected as control groups to prevent interference caused by too close distance.
The fertilization group treatment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
1) spring base fertilizer additional fertilizer
In 3 months, 100cm away from the trunk, deeply applying strips with the depth of about 30cm, applying 15kg of organic fertilizer and 150g of bacterial fertilizer, uniformly mixing, and uniformly coating (N: P)2O5：K2O mass ratio) 22:10:10, covering soil in time, and compacting properly.
2) Summer top dressing
In 6-7 months, digging an annular shallow groove of about 5cm along the interior of a water dripping line, uniformly scattering 0.5kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer with the ratio of 22:10:10, and immediately covering soil to prevent the fertilizer from volatilizing.
3) Autumn topdressing
In 9-10 months, digging an annular shallow groove of about 5cm along the interior of a water dripping line, uniformly scattering 0.5kg of 15:15:15 type compound fertilizer, and immediately covering soil to prevent the fertilizer from volatilizing.
The control group is used for conventional nursery maintenance and fertilization, and specifically comprises the following steps:
in 3 months, applying 15kg of organic fertilizer to evenly cover the tree periphery, and turning over to mix the organic fertilizer into the soil; and (3) applying 1.5kg of high-nitrogen-content compound fertilizer at a ratio of 22:10:10 in 9-10 months, uniformly scattering the high-nitrogen-content compound fertilizer around the tree, and turning over to mix the compound fertilizer into soil.
The results show that: compared with a control group, the diameter at breast height of the fertilizing group is increased by 14.75%, the plant height is increased by 59.49%, and the growth vigor of plants is obviously improved; the color change of the leaves is advanced by 4 days, the leaf hanging time is 24 days, the number of the leaves is increased by 3 days compared with that of a control group, the leaves are obviously red one week before the color change, and the difference of the middle and later color change is not obvious.
Example 2: the color leaf tree species is American red maple 'sunset red', and the fertilization place is Luhui nursery
Areas with consistent growth vigor in a nursery are selected, one row of the areas is selected as a fertilization group (9) of the invention, and two rows of the areas are selected as a control group to prevent interference caused by too close distance.
The fertilization group treatment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
1) spring base fertilizer additional fertilizer
In 3 months, 100cm away from the trunk, deeply applying strips with the depth of about 30cm, applying 20kg of organic fertilizer and 200g of bacterial fertilizer, uniformly mixing, and uniformly coating (N: P)2O5：K2O mass ratio) 22:10:10, covering soil in time, and compacting properly.
2) Summer top dressing
In 6-7 months, digging an annular shallow groove of about 5cm along the interior of a water dripping line, uniformly scattering 1kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer with the ratio of 22:10:10, and immediately covering soil to prevent the fertilizer from volatilizing.
3) Autumn topdressing
In 9-10 months, digging an annular shallow groove of about 5cm along a dripping line, uniformly scattering 1kg of 15:15:15 type compound fertilizer, and immediately covering soil to prevent the fertilizer from volatilizing.
The autumn additional fertilization of the comparison group is 22:10:10 high nitrogen-containing compound fertilizer 1kg, and other fertilization methods are consistent with the fertilization groups.
The control group is used for conventional nursery maintenance and fertilization, and specifically comprises the following steps:
in 3 months, applying 20kg of organic fertilizer to evenly cover the tree periphery, and turning over to mix the organic fertilizer into the soil; applying 22:10:10 high nitrogen-containing compound fertilizer 3kg (1.5 kg each time at an interval of 10 days) twice in 9-10 months, uniformly scattering the fertilizer around the trees, and turning over to mix the compound fertilizer into soil.
The results show that: 1) compared with a control group, the diameter at breast height of the fertilizing group is increased by 9.71%, the plant height is increased by 34.82%, and the growth vigor of plants is obviously improved; the leaf hanging time is 29 days, which is increased by 6 days compared with the control group, the early-stage color change of the leaves is obviously red compared with the control group, and the anthocyanin content of the leaves is increased by 87.21 percent after all the color changes; 2) the diameter at breast height of the fertilization group is increased by 0.71 percent compared with that of a comparison group, the plant height is reduced by 4.73 percent, and the growth vigor of plants is not obvious; the leaf hanging time is 29 days, which is increased by 9 days compared with the control group, and the anthocyanin content of the leaves after all color changes is increased by 43.48 percent.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and equivalents including technical features described in the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fertilizing method for colored leaf plants is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) applying 10-20 parts of organic fertilizer, 0.1-0.25 part of bacterial fertilizer and 0.5-1 part of high-nitrogen-content compound fertilizer in sequence by weight in spring base fertilizer application in 3 months;
2) topdressing in summer for 6-7 months, and topdressing 0.5-1.5 parts of high-nitrogen-content compound fertilizer;
3) topdressing in autumn in 9-10 months, and topdressing 0.5-1.5 parts of high-phosphorus compound fertilizer;
the high-nitrogen compound fertilizer N in the steps 1) and 2): p2O5：K2The mass ratio of O is 22:10:10, and the mass ratio of N in the high-phosphorus compound fertilizer in the step 3) is: p2O5：K2The mass ratio of O is 15:15
Through the steps, the fertilizing operation of the colorful leaf plants for one year is completed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the fertilization in the step 1) is deep fertilization, and furrows are dug in a strip shape at a position of 50-150cm of the trunk, and the depth is 20-40 cm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the organic fertilizer in the step 1) is a commercial organic fertilizer or a farmyard manure, the content of organic matters is more than 50%, the content of total nutrients is more than 5%, and the quality meets the requirements of NY 525-2012 organic fertilizer.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the bacterial manure in the step 1), the organic matter content is more than 35 percent, and the effective viable count is more than 2 hundred million/g.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2) and the step 3), when the compound fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer is applied annularly along the water dripping line of the color leaf plants, the depth is 2-10 cm, and soil is immediately covered to prevent the fertilizer from volatilizing.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the colored leaf plant is Acer rubrum, Sapium sebiferum, Acer mono Maxim or other autumn leaf trees.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the application amount of the high-nitrogen compound fertilizer in the step 1) depends on the size of the tree, but does not exceed 1 kg/plant.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the application amount of the high-nitrogen compound fertilizer in the step 2) depends on the size of the tree, but does not exceed 1.5 kg/tree.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: the application amount of the high-phosphorus compound fertilizer in the step 3) depends on the size of the tree, but does not exceed 1.5 kg/tree.
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| CN201810793579.XA CN109089500B (en) | 2018-07-19 | 2018-07-19 | Fertilizing method for color leaf plants |
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| CN109089500B true CN109089500B (en) | 2020-10-02 |
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Citations (6)
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| JPH09275784A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-10-28 | Giken Kogyo Kk | Fertile seed soil containing fungus and forestation of tree |
| CN102318508A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-01-18 | 绍兴绿通市政园林工程有限公司 | Red maple cultivation method |
| CN103518525A (en) * | 2013-10-20 | 2014-01-22 | 江苏瑞青园林建设工程有限公司 | Method for planting North American red maples |
| CN103583132A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-19 | 固镇县玉鹏蔬菜开发有限责任公司 | Annual fertilizing method of fruit trees |
| CN104956829A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-10-07 | 新疆林业科学院 | Fertilizing method for apricot trees |
| CN106577136A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-04-26 | 四川农业大学 | Optimal selection method for promoting leaves of Nandina domestica "Hongye" to coloring by proportional fertilization |
-
2018
- 2018-07-19 CN CN201810793579.XA patent/CN109089500B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09275784A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-10-28 | Giken Kogyo Kk | Fertile seed soil containing fungus and forestation of tree |
| CN102318508A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-01-18 | 绍兴绿通市政园林工程有限公司 | Red maple cultivation method |
| CN103583132A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-19 | 固镇县玉鹏蔬菜开发有限责任公司 | Annual fertilizing method of fruit trees |
| CN103518525A (en) * | 2013-10-20 | 2014-01-22 | 江苏瑞青园林建设工程有限公司 | Method for planting North American red maples |
| CN104956829A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-10-07 | 新疆林业科学院 | Fertilizing method for apricot trees |
| CN106577136A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-04-26 | 四川农业大学 | Optimal selection method for promoting leaves of Nandina domestica "Hongye" to coloring by proportional fertilization |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 乌桕丰产林营建技术研究;张敏等;《贵州林业科技》;20091130;第37卷(第04期);15-17 * |
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