CN109075275A - 具有缓冲部件的电芯组 - Google Patents

具有缓冲部件的电芯组 Download PDF

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CN109075275A
CN109075275A CN201780003388.2A CN201780003388A CN109075275A CN 109075275 A CN109075275 A CN 109075275A CN 201780003388 A CN201780003388 A CN 201780003388A CN 109075275 A CN109075275 A CN 109075275A
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金修烈
吴世橒
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Lg Energy Solution
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    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
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    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
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    • H01M50/242Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
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Abstract

本公开披露了一种电芯组,其包括:以预定间隔布置的多个电芯;和设置于电芯之间与电芯面接触并且配置为吸收电芯的体积膨胀的缓冲垫,其中,所述缓冲垫的热导率为1.5W/mK以上。

Description

具有缓冲部件的电芯组
技术领域
本申请要求于2016年3月3日在韩国提交的韩国专利申请10-2016-0025759号的优先权,本文通过援引并入其公开内容。
本公开涉及电芯组,更具体地涉及含有具有用于吸收电芯的体积膨胀的改良结构的缓冲部件的电芯组。
背景技术
锂二次电池通过将多个单元电芯组合在一个包中而制造,广泛用于诸如车辆电池或电力储存装置等需要高能量的应用中。
然而,当包含多个单元电芯的电芯组被过充电时,随着发热,可能发生如鼓胀和模组向外方向上的膨胀等变形。
为了吸收例如上述的电芯的体积膨胀,在电芯间安装具有预定形状且能够发挥缓冲功能的缓冲垫。如上所述的现有技术的缓冲垫的问题在于,通过垫的热循环或排放困难。因此,通常在包内部还包括具有散热功能的部件。
然而,当分别安装如上所述的散热用部件和缓冲用部件时,这些部件在具有有限尺寸的电池组内占据较大空间,这非常低效。
作为另选,韩国专利申请2014-0027955号公开了一种能量储存装置,其中,在电芯的平整表面上安装阻尼装置作为弹性部件(缓冲体),其中所述阻尼装置具有良好的导热性。
然而,对于提供具有导热性的安装于电芯上的冲击吸收部件,根据现有技术尚未提出允许有效传热的具体构造,因此需要解决这一问题的举措。
发明内容
技术问题
本公开被设计为解决现有技术的问题,因此本公开旨在提供一种设有既用于热循环和耗散又用于缓冲的单个部件由此增加内部空间效率的电芯组。
本公开还旨在提供包括具有改善的结构和性质的缓冲垫的电芯组,其中,所述缓冲垫插入电芯间从而提供缓冲功能和高效的传热功能。
技术方案
在本公开的一个方面,提供了一种电芯组,其包括:以预定间隔布置的多个电芯;和设置于电芯之间与电芯面接触且配置为吸收电芯的体积膨胀的缓冲垫,其中,所述缓冲垫的热导率为1.5W/mK以上。
缓冲垫可以由至少具有大于或等于电芯的平面部的面积的板状体形成,其中,缓冲垫的平坦部分与电芯的平面部面接触。
缓冲垫的平面部的面积可以小于电芯的平面部的面积的105%。
缓冲垫的两个端面均可以与电芯的外部框架接触。
缓冲垫的厚度可以为电芯的体积膨胀率的120%~250%。
缓冲垫的热导率可以为1.5W/mK~1.6W/mK。
缓冲垫可以由聚二甲基硅氧烷形成。
缓冲垫可以由下述材料形成,所述材料既是UL94V-1以上等级的不燃性(阻燃性)材料又是10kV/mm以上的绝缘材料,并且在具有20%~60%应变的区间中具有20kPa~100kPa的压缩力偏转(CFD)。
有利效果
根据本公开,缓冲垫被赋予了允许电芯的热量的循环和耗散的高热导率,从而有效利用电芯组的内部空间。
另外,由于缓冲垫和电芯的平面部面接触而基本彼此对应,因而电芯的体积膨胀可以被有效地吸收,且热导率可以优化而由此提供高效的传热功能。
附图说明
附图示出本公开的优选实施方式,且结合前述公开从而提供对本公开的技术特征的进一步理解,因此本公开不应视为受所述附图限制。
图1是本公开的优选实施方式的电芯组的主要要素的分解透视图;且
图2是图1的组装正视图。
具体实施方式
图1是本公开的优选实施方式的电芯组的主要要素的分解透视图,图2是图1的组合正视图。
参见图1和2,本公开的优选实施方式的电芯组包括多个电芯100和插入电芯100之间并通过使用单个部件来提供缓冲功能和传热功能的缓冲垫110。
具有整体上矩形和薄板状主体的电池,例如袋型二次电池,用作形成电芯组的各电芯100。形成电极引线101从电芯100的长度方向上的两端伸出。优选地,在一个方向上布置多个电芯100从而基本上形成层叠结构。
缓冲垫110插入每两个电芯100之间,且设置为与电芯100面接触。缓冲垫110由至少具有大于或等于电芯100的平面部的面积的板状体形成,且缓冲垫110的平坦部分与电芯100的平面部面接触。缓冲垫110可以优选由具有弹性的泡沫材料形成,以便吸收由于例如电芯100的体积膨胀所施加的冲击。具体地,每个缓冲垫110的平面部与每个电芯100的平面部的长度方向上的电芯100的长度相同,但在高度上大于电芯100的平面部,从而缓冲垫110的面积可以优选在小于105%的范围内大于电芯100的平面部的面积。根据该构成,即使在电芯100中引起体积膨胀,也可以在维持足够稳定的面接触的同时吸收冲击,同时高温热量可以有效地传递至外部框架120。如果缓冲垫110的平面部的面积是电芯100的平面部的面积的105%以上,在电芯100的端部边缘和外部框架120之间造成了过大的间隙,这就空间利用而言是不利的,并且妨碍缓冲垫110在后述的电芯100的最佳厚度范围内保持足够的刚性。
缓冲垫110在厚度方向上的两个端面均与外部框架120接触,该外部框架120具有预定形状并且支撑电芯100。根据该构成,电芯100中产生的热量被快速传导通过与电芯100面接触的缓冲垫110的平面部,然后可以通过缓冲垫110的边缘处的两个端面排出至外部框架120。
缓冲垫110的厚度(t)可以优选具有电芯100的体积膨胀率的120%~250%的比值。如果关于厚度(t)的比值小于120%,则缓冲垫110在宽度方向上的两个端面与外部框架120可能无法充分结合,此外,向外部框架120的传热速度低,而缓冲垫110的吸收因例如电芯100的体积膨胀所施加的冲击的吸收性能可能较差。如果关于厚度(t)的比值大于250%,缓冲垫110的占据空间可能过大,这就空间利用而言是不利的,并且在缓冲垫110的最佳面积范围内可能无法在缓冲垫110的两个平面部整体上均匀地进行缓冲操作。考虑到这些特点,缓冲垫110的厚度(t)可优选地设计为1.5mm~2.0mm。
缓冲垫110具有热导率为1.5W/mK以上的物理性质。如果缓冲垫110的热导率小于1.5W/mK,则在与电芯100面接触的缓冲垫110中积累大量热量,而使电芯100的性能急剧劣化。考虑到如上所述的缓冲垫110的面积和厚度(t)的最佳比值,缓冲垫110的热导率可优选满足1.5W/mK~1.6W/mK的范围。缓冲垫110可优选地由聚二甲基硅氧烷形成。
另外,鉴于其中缓冲垫110插入电芯100之间并且高温热量施加到缓冲垫110的两个表面的使用环境,缓冲垫110可优选由下述材料形成,其既是UL94V-1以上等级的不燃性(阻燃性)材料又是10kV/mm以上的绝缘材料,并且可以优选地在具有20%~60%应变的区间中具有20kPa~100kPa的压缩力偏转(CFD)。
根据具有上述构成的本公开的优选实施方式的电芯组,通过使用与电芯100的整个平面部保持整体面接触的缓冲垫110,可以同时发挥吸收电芯100中产生的体积膨胀的功能和将电芯100中产生的热量传递至外部的功能。
如上所述,根据本公开的电芯组,当因例如过充电所致电芯100鼓胀并且在电芯100中发热时,通过插入电芯100间的缓冲垫110与电芯100的面接触可以有效地减少冲击,并且面积大于或等于电芯100的平面部的面积的缓冲垫110的板状结构使电芯100中产生的热量快速传递至缓冲垫110然后经外部框架120循环并排出。
工业实用性
根据本公开,可以优化缓冲垫的诸如热导率、绝缘性或不燃性等性质,从而电芯中产生的热量被安全地循环至外部而不会导致对缓冲垫的损伤。

Claims (8)

1.一种电芯组,其包括:
以预定间隔布置的多个电芯;和
缓冲垫,所述缓冲垫设置于所述电芯之间从而与所述电芯面接触,并且配置为吸收所述电芯的体积膨胀,
其中,所述缓冲垫的热导率为1.5W/mK以上。
2.如权利要求1所述的电芯组,其中,所述缓冲垫由至少具有大于或等于所述电芯的平面部的面积的板状体形成,
其中,所述缓冲垫的平坦部分与所述电芯的平面部面接触。
3.如权利要求1所述的电芯组,其中,所述缓冲垫的平面部的面积小于所述电芯的平面部的面积的105%。
4.如权利要求3所述的电芯组,其中,所述缓冲垫的两个端面均与所述电芯的外部框架接触。
5.如权利要求4所述的电芯组,其中,所述缓冲垫的厚度为所述电芯的体积膨胀率的120%~250%。
6.如权利要求5所述的电芯组,其中,所述缓冲垫的热导率为1.5W/mK~1.6W/mK。
7.如权利要求1所述的电芯组,其中,所述缓冲垫由聚二甲基硅氧烷形成。
8.如权利要求1所述的电芯组,其中,所述缓冲垫由下述材料形成,所述材料既是UL94V-1以上等级的不燃性(阻燃性)材料又是10kV/mm以上的绝缘材料,并且在具有20%~60%应变的区间中具有20kPa~100kPa的压缩力偏转(CFD)。
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KR102365631B1 (ko) 2018-01-09 2022-02-21 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 배터리 모듈
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