CN109065941A - 一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池 - Google Patents
一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于锂离子电池领域,公开了一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池。所述锂离子电池包括由正极片、负极片以及正、负极片之间的隔膜卷绕而成的电池体,所述电池体内部设置绝缘处理的导热芯轴,电池体外部设置散热翅片,所述导热芯轴与散热翅片在电池体端面通过导热金属件连接。本发明将散热装置集成在电池上,充分利用电池本身结构控制电池温度;从电池内部导热,可以控制单体电池内部的温度,同一电池的温差小,有利于增强锂电池的安全性以及提高使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于锂离子电池领域,具体涉及一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池。
背景技术
锂电池具有能量密度高、无记忆性、循环寿命长等特点而越来越广泛的使用在电子产品、电动汽车等领域。然而,锂电池在大倍率充放电时会产生大量的热,热量的聚集会大大缩短锂电池的寿命,极端情况下甚至会引起起火、爆炸等事故。
目前,随着电动汽车和新能源的呼声越来越强,人们对大容量,高功率的锂电池有着更加迫切的要求。高功率、大容量的单体锂电池在大倍率充放电时会产生大量的热,热量的累积会导致电池中心的温度不断升高,同一单体电池的温度差也越来越大,这极大地影响了电池的使用寿命和安全性。目前针对汽车动力电池的热管理措施主要集中在电池外部,无法有效解决单个电池中心温度过高,温差过大的问题。
因此,有效解决单个高功率大容量电池的内部散热问题,提高电芯的使用寿命和安全性是一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
针对以上现有技术存在的缺点和不足之处,本发明的目的在于提供一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池。该锂离子电池利用热管这一高效散热器件集成在电池内部,将电池内部的热量传导至带有翅片的外壳上,以降低电池中心的温度,减少单体电芯的温度差,提高电池的使用寿命和安全性。
本发明目的通过以下技术方案实现:
一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池,包括由正极片、负极片以及正、负极片之间的隔膜卷绕而成的电池体,所述电池体内部设置绝缘处理的导热芯轴,电池体外部设置散热翅片,所述导热芯轴与散热翅片在电池体端面通过导热金属件连接。
进一步地,所述电池体为圆柱形,所述导热芯轴设置于电池体中心。
进一步地,所述导热芯轴为直径为4~6mm的热管。热管是一种高效传热器件,热管内部烧结或者犁切出沟槽等吸液芯结构以提供毛细力。热管内壁带有吸液芯或者吸液沟槽,因而可以抗重力使用。
进一步地,所述导热芯轴的材质为铜。导热芯轴外部做了绝缘处理,防止和电极接触而短路。
进一步地,所述散热翅片的截面为矩形、梯形等其他可增大散热面积的形状,和电池体外壳一体一次性挤压成型,能够增大电池外表面的散热面积。
进一步地,所述导热金属件是指具有高导热的铜、铝等金属连接件。电池内部积聚的热量由导热芯轴导出至电池体外部的散热翅片,再从散热翅片散失到环境中。以达到降低电池内部温度、减小单体电池温度不均匀性的目的。
进一步地,所述锂离子电池外部还设置风扇。用于增强电池外部的对流强度,控制电池在极端工况下的温度。
与现有电池及其热管理装置相比,本发明的锂离子电池具有如下优点及有益效果:
(1)本发明提供了一种新的电池结构,将散热装置集成在电池上,充分利用电池本身结构控制电池温度。
(2)从电池内部导热,可以控制单体电池内部的温度,这是外部电池热管理方式无法做到的。
(3)同一电池的温差小,有利于增强锂电池的安全性以及提高使用寿命。
(4)无需消耗大量能量即可达到控制电池温升的目的。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中锂离子电池的主视图及局部剖视图。
图2为本发明实施例中锂离子电池的的等轴测图和半剖图。
图3为本发明实施例中锂离子电池的电池内部热量传导示意图。
图中1-正极;2-负极;3-隔膜;4-导热芯轴;5-散热翅片;6-导热金属件;7-散热风扇。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例
本实施例的一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池,其结构示意图如图1和图2所示,包括由正极片1和负极片2以及层叠设置在所述正极片与负极片之间的隔膜3卷绕而成的圆柱形电池体(由正极、负极及隔膜卷绕而成的电池体为现有成熟技术),所述电池体中心设置一根直径为5mm的热管作为导热芯轴4,其位于柱型电池中心,起到卷绕电极的作用。其材质为铜管,内部灌有工质,外部做了绝缘处理,防止和电极接触而短路。电池体外部设置散热翅片5,所述的翅片截面为矩形、梯形等其他可增大散热面积的形状,和外壳一体一次性挤压成型,能够增大电池外表面的散热面积。所述导热芯轴4与散热翅片5在电池体上端通过导热金属件6(如铜片、铝片)连接。
本实施例锂离子电池内部热量传导示意图如图3所示。当电池以较大倍率充放电时,电池体内部热量堆积,电池温升剧烈,温度不均匀性开始增加。此时,产生的热量由电极材料传导至电池中间的导热芯轴4,导热芯轴是一带有吸液芯的抗重力高导热的热管,能够很快将热量通过高导热金属件6传导至带电池体外部的散热翅片外壳上,外壳带有翅片,具有很大散热面积,此外还可进一步设置散热风扇7进行强化对流,能够将热量迅速散热到环境中,达到控制电池体温度的目的。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其它的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池,其特征在于:所述锂离子电池包括由正极片、负极片以及正、负极片之间的隔膜卷绕而成的电池体,所述电池体内部设置绝缘处理的导热芯轴,电池体外部设置散热翅片,所述导热芯轴与散热翅片在电池体端面通过导热金属件连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池,其特征在于:所述电池体为圆柱形,所述导热芯轴设置于电池体中心。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池,其特征在于:所述导热芯轴为直径为4~6mm的热管。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池,其特征在于:所述导热芯轴的材质为铜。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池,其特征在于:所述散热翅片的截面为矩形或梯形。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池,其特征在于:所述导热金属件是指铜或铝金属连接件。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种可从内部导热进行散热的锂离子电池,其特征在于:所述锂离子电池外部还设置风扇。
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CN109841918A (zh) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-06-04 | 华南理工大学 | 利用浸没式冷却散热的电动汽车动力电池组散热结构 |
CN111682281A (zh) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-09-18 | 兰州理工大学 | 一种基于热管冷却的圆柱形锂电池单体及电池组 |
CN112038727A (zh) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-12-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | 一种含有仿生表面微结构散热件的空冷圆柱动力电池包 |
GB2585916A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-01-27 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | Apparatus and method for a cylindrical cell |
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