CN109060476A - A kind of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation device and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation device and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109060476A CN109060476A CN201810942319.4A CN201810942319A CN109060476A CN 109060476 A CN109060476 A CN 109060476A CN 201810942319 A CN201810942319 A CN 201810942319A CN 109060476 A CN109060476 A CN 109060476A
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- remodeling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation devices and preparation method thereof, which comprises the physical parameter for measuring the sand sample calculates the sand sample quality；Dress sample, and the uniformity and compactness of Control Assay are carried out using vacuum suction method and wet stowage；Cooperate the detachable cored screw on top cap top to remove split mold, and simple shear ring is installed；Sample is saturated using vacuum suction method, carbon dioxide and head saturation.The sample prepared through the invention has good uniformity, degree of repeatability is high, sample can be saturated in pressure chamber simultaneously, it is poor to solve conventional simple shear test remodeling sample uniformity, degree of repeatability is low, the technical issues of sample can not be saturated in pressure chamber provides basis to carry out the soil body dynamic and static properties research based on simple shear test.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil body force model the field of test technology more particularly to a kind of simple shear test to remold sand sample system
Standby device and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Simple shear test is the main means of soil body force model characteristic test, while it is special to be saturated remodeling granular soil force model
Property test be carry out saturation soil body fundamental research prerequisite.Therefore it is required that preparation remodeling sample should have it is higher
Uniformity and repeatability, while saturation degree should also be met the requirements.But both at home and abroad conventional simple shear equipment above-mentioned several respects still
It needs to improve, can not be especially saturated inside pressure chamber, cause soil body saturation degree to be unsatisfactory for requiring, test result much deviates
It is practical.
Summary of the invention
In order to achieve the above object, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of remodeling sand sample preparations of simple shear test
The sample of device and preparation method thereof, preparation has good uniformity, and degree of repeatability is high, while sample can satisfy in pressure chamber
With.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of device of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation, comprising: first base, rubber membrane, split mold, top
Cap, the first aquaporin, vertical load bar and the second aquaporin；
Rubber membrane has been bound in the first base outer surface, split mold, the rubber are installed on the outside of the rubber membrane
The top of epithelium is fixed on the split mold using the mode of turning up, and is surveyed in the rubber membrane for installing sample；It is described right
Bleeding point is provided on mold for excluding the air between split mold and rubber membrane；
The top cap, the first aquaporin and vertical load bar are located above sample, the vertical load bar and top cap
Connection；One detachable cored screw is set in top cap, and the cored screw connects the first aquaporin, is directly connected in sample
Portion；
It is connected to below the sample with the second aquaporin, second aquaporin one end has the second apopore.
As a further preference, described device further includes second base and the gas channel that is connected to inside sample, described
The gentle channel of second aquaporin is each passed through the second base, connects water source at the second apopore of second aquaporin,
The gas outlet in the gas channel connects gas source.
As a further preference, the split mold is stitched together the hollow mould to be formed for 2 two valves,
In there are bleeding points at 1 two valve medium height position.
As a further preference, laterally there is continuous circular shape groove from top to bottom on the inside of two valve of split mold.
A kind of simple shear test remodeling sand preparation method of sample, includes the following steps:
S1: the physical parameter of measurement sand sample calculates the sand sample quality；
S2: rubber membrane is bound in first base outer surface, split mold, rubber membrane top are installed on the outside of the rubber membrane
It covers in split mold, excludes the air between rubber membrane and split mold；
S3: sample, and the relative compaction of Control Assay are filled using wet process；
S4: installation top cap measures sample density, and applying vacuum pressure makes sample support oneself；
S5: successively installation simple shear sample ring installs detachable cored screw；
S6: the vertical load bar that installation is connect with the top cap, by installing external pressure cover for the sand sample system
Standby device covers in wherein, applies air pressure, removal sample internal vacuum pressure；
S7: carbon dioxide gas is slowly introducing from sample bottom；
S8: air free water being entered from sample bottom, is flowed out from sample top, carries out head saturation, and sample saturation finishes, Gu
The fixed vertical load bar.
As a further preference, the physical parameter of the sand sample includes maximum, minimum void ratio emaxAnd eminWith
And specific gravity Gs, the calculating sand sample quality includes: the volume V of relative density and sample according to control, using public affairs
Formula m=(Gs/ (1+emax-Dr(emax-emin))) V, the dry sand quality m of needs is calculated.
As a further preference, the wet process dress sample includes: that air free water is poured into the inside of rubber membrane, then will be ready to
Sand sample be slowly scooped into rubber membrane, and by height control relative compaction, during fill sample, holding mold in
Portion's water surface is higher than sand sample.
As a further preference, the measurement sample density includes: that top is covered rubber membrane varus in split mold,
It is mounted in top cap, and is less than the vacuum pressure of 5kPa to application inside sample using vacuum suction mode, remove split mold,
Specimen height h and diameter d is measured, sample dry density ρ=m/ (π * (d/2) is calculated2*h)。
As a further preference, the top of the vertical load bar is pierced by from external pressure cover, the sample upper layer
Lower layer is provided with pervious bed.
As a further preference, the outgassing rate of the carbon dioxide gas is 2~3 bubbles each second.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the method for the present invention is comprehensive to use vacuum suction method, carbon dioxide and head saturation
And wet process prepares the remodeling sand of simple shear test by changing top cap construction, and using conventional simple shear opposite opened mould at sample method
The sample of soil sample, preparation has good uniformity, and degree of repeatability is high, while sample can be saturated in pressure chamber, be solved
Conventional simple shear test remodeling sample uniformity is poor, and degree of repeatability is low, and the technology that sample can not be saturated in pressure chamber is asked
Topic provides basis to carry out the soil body dynamic and static properties research based on simple shear test.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, embodiment will be described below
Needed in attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only of the invention some
Embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that simple shear test of the embodiment of the present invention remolds sand preparation method of sample.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart that simple shear test of the embodiment of the present invention remolds sand sample preparation device.
Fig. 3 is state diagram when Fig. 2 fills sample.
It is attached marked in the figure to be described as follows:
The vertical load bar of 1-；The first connecting hole of 2-；3- top cap；The first aquaporin of 4-；5- open screw；6- first is permeable
Stone；7- sample；The second permeable stone of 8-；9- first base；The second aquaporin of 10-；The second connecting hole of 11-；12- second base；13-
Second apopore, 14- rubber membrane, the split mold of 15-, 16- bleeding point.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present application remolds sand sample preparation device and preparation method thereof by providing a kind of simple shear test, solves
Conventional simple shear test remodeling sample uniformity is poor, and degree of repeatability is low, the technology that sample can not be saturated in pressure chamber
Problem provides basis to carry out the soil body dynamic and static properties research based on simple shear test.
Technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is in order to solve the above technical problems, general thought is as follows:
The embodiment of the present application simple shear test remolds the device of sand sample preparation, comprising: first base, rubber membrane are split
Mold, top cap, the first aquaporin, vertical load bar and the second aquaporin；
Rubber membrane has been bound in the first base outer surface, split mold, the rubber are installed on the outside of the rubber membrane
The top of epithelium is fixed on the split mold using the mode of turning up, and is surveyed in the rubber membrane for installing sample；It is described right
Bleeding point is provided on mold for excluding the air between split mold and rubber membrane；
The top cap, the first aquaporin and vertical load bar are located above sample, the vertical load bar and top cap
Connection；One detachable cored screw is set in top cap, and the cored screw connects the first aquaporin, is directly connected in sample
Portion；
It is connected to below the sample with the second aquaporin, second aquaporin one end has the second apopore.
The embodiment of the present application simple shear test remolds sand preparation method of sample, comprising:
The physical parameter for measuring the sand sample calculates the sand sample quality, using vacuum suction method and wet stowage into
Luggage sample, and the uniformity and compactness of Control Assay, the detachable cored screw on cooperation top cap top remove split mold, and
Simple shear ring is installed, sample is saturated using vacuum suction method, carbon dioxide and head saturation.
In order to better understand the above technical scheme, in conjunction with appended figures and specific embodiments to upper
Technical solution is stated to be described in detail.
Poor in order to solve conventional simple shear test remodeling sample uniformity, degree of repeatability is low, and sample can not be in pressure chamber
The technical issues of being saturated, the application provide a kind of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation device and method.Device such as Fig. 1
It is shown, it the described method comprises the following steps:
Step S110: the maximum of test drying sand, minimum void ratio emaxAnd eminAnd specific gravity Gs, according to the phase of control
To the volume V of compactness Dr and sample, using formula m=(Gs/ (1+emax-Dr(emax-emin))) V, the dry of needs is calculated
Chiltern amount m, weighs quantitative sand, and sand is boiled in water, until sand grains internal void gas is completely exhausted out, stops boiling
Boiling.
The maximum void ratio emaxFor under sample most loose condition (of surface), the ratio of pore volume and sand grains volume can be adopted
It is measured and is obtained with compacting process, the minimum void ratio eminFor under sample most dense state, pore volume and sand grains volume
Ratio can be used the measurement of graduated cylinder method and obtain, and the specific gravity Gs is that normal atmosphere depresses pure H when sand grains and 3.98 DEG C2Under O
Density (999.972kg/m3) ratio, can be measured by bottle method, it is described to boil sand, the sand bath of laboratory test can be used
Method is operated.
Step S120: rubber membrane 14 has been bound with rubber ring in first base 9, has been fully sealed, in first base
The split mold 15 of steel is installed in outside, and tightens fixation with hoop, and top rubber membrane 14 is fixed on mold using the mode of turning up
On, it is ensured that rubber membrane 14 is in tensioned state, and inside is without spin.
The split mold 15 is stitched together for 2 two valves, the internal diameter 50mm of formation, the hollow mold of outer diameter 58cm
Tool, wherein there are bleeding points 16 at 1 two valve medium height position, and in external connection exhaust tube, while exhaust tube and true
Sky pump connection, excludes the air between rubber membrane 14 and mold 15 for vacuum suction.Preferably, laterally from upper on the inside of two valves
There are continuous circular shape grooves under, it is ensured that the uniformity of rubber membrane and die inside vacuum degree when vacuumizing.
Step S130: vacuum suction device is used, gap between mold 15 and rubber membrane 14 is vacuumized, it is ensured that rubber membrane
14 and mold 15 completely be bonded.
Step S140: pouring into air free water inside to rubber membrane 14, until the 1/3 of predetermined specimen height, it then will be ready
Sand sample is slowly scooped into sample mould, and by height control relative compaction, (close to make sample reach a certain height
Degree), can gently swing die, so that sand sample distance from top die top 1.8cm is remained mold during filling sample
The internal water surface is higher than sand sample.
The air free water refers to distilled water existing for no gas.
Step S150: a detachable cored screw 5, screw connection top water outlet is arranged in installation top cap 3 in top cap 3
Pipe, is directly connected to inside sample, the saturation and consolidation draining for sample.The cored screw 5 is unloaded, top is covered right
14 varus of rubber membrane of mold 15, is mounted in top cap 3, and is less than 5kPa to application inside sample using vacuum suction mode
Vacuum pressure, remove split mold 15, measure specimen height h and diameter d, calculate sample dry density ρ=m/ (π * (d/2)2*
H), error should be controlled ± 2%.
Step S160: successively 8 layers of simple shear sample ring of installation install detachable cored screw 5.
The simple shear sample ring refers to that, with a thickness of 2.35mm, internal diameter 51.8mm, outer diameter is the ring body of 53.8mm.
Step S170: the air inside connection pedestal and top cap aquaporin is excluded using pressure controling mode, it is ensured that channel
Interior bubble-free, connection the first aquaporin-4 (drainpipe) and top cap top cored screw 5.
Step S180: vertical load bar 1 and top cap 3 are connected, external pressure cover is installed, applies 15kPa gas into pressure chamber
Pressure, it is ensured that rubber membrane and sample fit closely, removal sample internal vacuum pressure.The top of the vertical load bar 1 is from outside
It is pierced by pressure shield, the upper and lower of the sample 7 are provided with pervious bed (i.e. the first permeable stone 6 and the second permeable stone 8).
Step S190: it is slowly introducing carbon dioxide gas 20min from sample bottom, control gas outgassing rate is each second
2~3 bubbles.
The carbon dioxide that is passed through is to be passed through by carbon dioxide storage tank directly to carbon dioxide gas is passed through inside sample
Pressure reducer is installed in carbon dioxide gas tank exit, controls gas discharge rate, and connect exhaust pipe in exit, and connected
It connects in second base 12, gas is flowed up by sample bottom, and then the air inside drain sample.
The control gas outgassing rate is 2~3 bubbles each second, can be used and exhaust pipe is put into basin, pass through
Pressure reducer is adjusted, gas discharge rate is observed, and then controls gas discharge rate in 2~3 bubbles each second.
Step S200: after the cored screw on the second aquaporin 10 (drainpipe) of connection and pedestal, using head saturation side
Formula carries out head and is saturated 30min, is embodied in air free water and enters from sample bottom, flows out at the top of the sample, when into and out of water
When equal, sample saturation is finished, fixed top load bar.So far, sample preparation is completed, and be can be used for the every test of subsequent development and is ground
Study carefully.
The head saturation mode refers to the connection water pipe at the second apopore of lower part 13, by water pipe other end connection water storage dress
It sets, and guarantees that water storage device internal liquid level height is higher than sample top delivery port 30cm or so, at this point, water can be from lower part water inlet pipe
Place flows into sample, and flows out from sample top, to complete sample operated in saturation.
Technical solution in above-mentioned the embodiment of the present application, at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
The above method is comprehensive to use vacuum suction method, carbon dioxide and head saturation and wet process at sample method, by changing
Become top cap construction, and using conventional simple shear opposite opened mould, prepares the remodeling sand sample of simple shear test, the sample of preparation is uniform
Property it is good, degree of repeatability is high, while sample can be saturated in pressure chamber, and it is equal to solve conventional simple shear test remodeling sample
The technical issues of even property is poor, and degree of repeatability is low, and sample can not be saturated in pressure chamber, to carry out based on simple shear test
The research of soil body dynamic and static properties provides basis.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it is created once a person skilled in the art knows basic
Property concept, then additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments.So it includes excellent that the following claims are intended to be interpreted as
It selects embodiment and falls into all change and modification of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation, it is characterised in that: include: first base, rubber membrane is split
Mold, top cap, the first aquaporin, vertical load bar and the second aquaporin；
Rubber membrane has been bound in the first base outer surface, split mold, the rubber membrane are installed on the outside of the rubber membrane
Top be fixed on the split mold using the mode of turning up, survey in the rubber membrane for installing sample；The split cavity
Bleeding point is provided on tool for excluding the air between split mold and rubber membrane；
The top cap, the first aquaporin and vertical load bar are located above sample, and the vertical load bar is connect with top cap；
One detachable cored screw is set in top cap, and the cored screw connects the first aquaporin, is directly connected to inside sample；
It is connected to below the sample with the second aquaporin, second aquaporin one end has the second apopore.
2. the device of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described device is also wrapped
The gas channel for including second base and being connected to inside sample, the gentle channel of the second aquaporin are each passed through second bottom
, water source is connected at the second apopore of second aquaporin, the gas outlet in the gas channel connects gas source.
3. the device of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the split cavity
Tool is stitched together the hollow mould to be formed, wherein there are bleeding points at 1 two valve medium height position for 2 two valves.
4. the device of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the split mold
Laterally there is continuous circular shape groove on the inside of two valves from top to bottom.
5. the preparation method of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation device, feature exist as described in claim any one of 1-4
In: include the following steps:
S1: the physical parameter of measurement sand sample calculates the sand sample quality；
S2: rubber membrane is bound in first base outer surface, split mold is installed on the outside of the rubber membrane, rubber membrane top covers
Split mold excludes the air between rubber membrane and split mold；
S3: sample, and the relative compaction of Control Assay are filled using wet process；
S4: installation top cap measures sample density, and applying vacuum pressure makes sample support oneself；
S5: successively installation simple shear sample ring installs detachable cored screw；
S6: the sand sample is prepared by installation external pressure cover and is filled by the vertical load bar that installation is connect with the top cap
It sets and covers in wherein, apply air pressure, removal sample internal vacuum pressure；
S7: carbon dioxide gas is slowly introducing from sample bottom；
S8: air free water being entered from sample bottom, is flowed out from sample top, carries out head saturation, and sample saturation finishes, fixed institute
State vertical load bar.
6. the preparation method of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described
The physical parameter of sand sample includes maximum, minimum void ratio emaxAnd eminAnd specific gravity Gs, the calculating sand sample quality
It include: the volume V of the relative density and sample according to control, using formula m=(Gs/ (1+emax-Dr(emax-emin)))
The dry sand quality m of needs is calculated in V.
7. the preparation method of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described
It includes: that air free water is poured into the inside of rubber membrane that wet process, which fills sample, is then slowly scooped into ready sand sample to rubber membrane
Portion, and keep the mould inside water surface to be higher than sand sample during filling sample by height control relative compaction.
8. the preparation method of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described
Measurement sample density includes: that top is covered rubber membrane varus in split mold, is mounted in top cap, and uses vacuum suction side
Formula is less than the vacuum pressure of 5kPa to application inside sample, removes split mold, measures specimen height h and diameter d, calculates sample
Dry density ρ=m/ (π * (d/2)2*h)。
9. the preparation method of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described
The top of vertical load bar is pierced by from external pressure cover, and the sample the upper and lower are provided with pervious bed.
10. the preparation method of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: institute
The outgassing rate for stating carbon dioxide gas is 2~3 bubbles each second.
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| CN113702119A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-11-26 | 同济大学 | Device and method for preparing low-disturbance dry sand sample on triaxial test platform |
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