CN109060329A - The continuous fast testing system of drip irrigation system douche performance of anti-blockage and method - Google Patents
The continuous fast testing system of drip irrigation system douche performance of anti-blockage and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of continuous fast testing system of drip irrigation system douche performance of anti-blockage and method that belong to agricultural irrigation technology, continuous fast testing system includes: water supply fertilization system, several layering pressure regulation test macros parallel with one another and mobile test device matched with layering pressure regulation test macro；Present invention determine that the type selecting and structural parameters characteristic of each key equipment of the test macro, it proposes by standardized test under conditions of being obtained after the test macro Accelerating running and performance of anti-blockage evaluation index antidote, solve that previous test method control variable is single and disunity, the problem for causing test result deviation big；And the antidote of a kind of continuous operation and douche performance of anti-blockage assessment reduction formula, blocking substance dry weight and chocking-up degree under actual motion condition is proposed, solve the problems, such as that the result of continuous Accelerating running test method and the actual running results deviation are big.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural irrigation technology, specially a kind of drip irrigation system douche performance of anti-blockage is continuously quick
Test macro and method.
Background technique
China's distribution of water resources is extremely unbalanced, and water scarcity is laid equal stress on water environment pollution, so that high sand-carrying water, regeneration
The complexity such as water, brackish water water source is frequently as iirigation water source.Trickle irrigation because the characteristics such as its essence amount, controllable be considered as water source inferior the most
Ideal irrigation method.Douche is the heart of drip irrigation system, and quality directly determines system job stability and filling
Water quality height, but because energy dissipating is it is required that its runner narrow (only 0.5-1.2mm), structure is complicated, easily by consolidating in water
The attachment of the impurity such as body particulate matter, salt ion, and then cause douche to block, and often containing a large amount of solid in water source inferior
The substances such as body suspended particulate, salt ion, algae, microorganism and organic pollutant, this make douche block risk and
Level greatly increases, and seriously constrains drip irrigation technique application and promotes.
Alleviating douche blocking from the angle of douche itself is mode the most directly, economic, is learned both at home and abroad
Person usually assesses the performance of anti-blockage of douche using simulation laboratory test and in-situ test, and wherein simulation laboratory test is more
It is common, such as: the patent of China Patent No. ZL03149903.1 discloses a kind of micro-irrigation emitter anti-clogging and hydraulic performance is comprehensive
Test device is closed, but is concentrated mainly on the test to douche hydraulic performance, its performance of anti-blockage is tested relatively simple；In
The patent of state patent No. ZL200810246361.9 discloses a kind of multifunction strengthened clogging experimental device for micro-irrigation lab, can be with
It realizes the Fast Evaluation of micro-irrigation emitter and filter performance of anti-blockage, but is difficult to trickle irrigation during removing transportational process and storing
The influence for the effects of flocculation, precipitating and microorganism grow occurs for water source.Generally speaking, indoor test method mostly uses greatly interior
Circulating analog device, but the factors such as water quality, fertilizer, irrigation frequency are difficult to accurate evaluation, so as to cause analog result and practical knot
Fruit is widely different.Although in-situ test can be avoided the above problem, but because its test period length, heavy workload, cost compared with
High drawback and be not used widely.
For quick, the accurate evaluation for realizing douche performance of anti-blockage, the mode that continuous Accelerating running in situ can be used is come
Shorten test period, but under Different Irrigation frequency douche performance of anti-blockage it is widely different, filled under general high frequency irrigation conditions
The blocking rate of hydrophone is relatively low, this makes the assessment of the douche performance of anti-blockage under continuous Accelerating running and physical condition
As a result there is some difference, but at present still lack douche performance of anti-blockage assessment index under Different irrigation frequency condition (such as
Uniformity of irrigation water appilcation, opposite average flow rate etc.) antidote.For this purpose, needing to establish a set of drip irrigation system douche anti-clogging
The continuous operation test macro in situ of energy, and propose standardized test method and the performance of anti-blockage assessment for the test macro
The antidote of index, to realize efficient, the accurate test to douche performance of anti-blockage.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention discloses a kind of drip irrigation system douche performance of anti-blockage is continuous
Fast testing system characterized by comprising water supply fertilization system, several layering pressure regulation test macros parallel with one another and with
It is layered the matched mobile test device of pressure regulation test macro；Wherein water supply fertilization system includes: the first valve, the second valve,
Six valves, centrifugal pump, fertilizer add-on system and filtration system；Wherein the first valve, centrifugal pump, the second valve and filtration system are logical
Piping is linked in sequence, and the 6th valve and fertilizer add-on system pipeline are installed in parallel in filtration system and layering tune parallel with one another
It presses between test macro.
The fertilizer add-on system includes the third valve being successively linked in sequence by pipeline, stores up fertile pond, the 4th valve, applies
Fertilizer pump and the 5th valve.
It include the different mistake of three centrifugal filter, sandrock filter and laminated filter functions in the filtration system
Filter.
The layering pressure regulation test macro is made of vertical four layers of single layer pressure regulation test macro in parallel up and down；And layering is adjusted
The disengaging both ends of pressure test macro are connected with water supply fertilization system and outlet pipe respectively；Single layer pressure regulation test macro is by feeding out
Successively sequentially it is connected by layering regulator, four hollow billets in parallel with hollow billet flusher, the lower section inside every hollow billet point
It is not equipped with several douches equidistantly；
The mobile test device includes test car and steel ladle；Four layers are provided on test car with placement steel ladle
Shelf, the quantity and placement location of steel ladle is all corresponding with the position of each douche in every component layers pressure regulation test macro.
The layering regulator includes: inlet pipeline, pressure regulation pipeline, inlet valve, pressure regulating valve, pressure gauge and water
Table；Wherein inlet pipeline, inlet valve, pressure gauge and water meter pass through pipeline from front to back and are successively linked in sequence, and inlet valve
Further through pressure regulation pipeline and pressure regulating valve on pipeline between pressure gauge, pressure regulating valve is connected with outlet system；
The hollow billet flusher includes the first valve of the connected flushing pipeline of sequence and speed regulation；Single layer pressure regulation test macro
By the adjusting to pressure regulating valve in each layer, the control to each stressor layer is realized.
The invention also discloses a kind of trickle irrigations based on the continuous fast testing system of drip irrigation system douche performance of anti-blockage
The continuous method for rapidly testing of system douche performance of anti-blockage, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the building continuous fast testing system of performance of anti-blockage；
Step 2 quickly tests the periodic continuous operation of performance of anti-blockage continuous fast testing system progress, and even
The acquisition to data on flows is completed in the quick test process of reforwarding row；
Step 3 carries out the test in period to the blocking substance dry weight in the continuous fast testing system of performance of anti-blockage, and obtains
Take the data of blocking substance dry weight in hollow billet and douche；
Step 4, the reckoning that plugging performance is carried out to all data after step 2 and step 3 acquisition；
Step 5 utilizes the number obtained after calculating according to the relationship between continuous operation test and practical intermittent duty to step 4
Value is calculated, and the result of practical intermittent duty is obtained；
The flow data collector, which refers to, collects stream of the total x douche within the t time when hollow billet hydraulic pressure is 0.1MPa
Amount；Blocking substance in the hollow billet is sediment in the lumen of hollow billet inner wall；Blocking substance in the douche is to pour water
Deposit in device runner.
The step 4 is specifically divided into: drip emitter is with respect to average flow rate Dra when to continuous operationPC, continuous operation when drip
Filling is poured water coefficient of uniformity CUPCRandomness occurs with douche blocking when continuous operationReckoning；
Wherein to drip emitter with respect to average flow rate DraPCReckoning are as follows:
In formula:Flow after-i-th drip emitter initial time is calibrated, unit L/h；
Flow of-i-th drip emitter after t moment is calibrated, unit L/h；
The total quantity of douche in the continuous fast testing system of x-performance of anti-blockage；
It pours water coefficient of uniformity CU to drip emitterPCReckoning are as follows:
In formula:Flow after-i-th drip emitter is calibrated, unit L/h；
- douche calibrated flow average value, unit L/h；
The total quantity of douche in the continuous fast testing system of x-performance of anti-blockage；
Douche is blocked, randomness occursReckoning are as follows:
In formula,Indicate the size of douche blocking generation randomness when continuous operation；T indicates the flow rate test time,
Unit is h；Δ t indicates adjacent flow rate test time interval twice, unit h；Indicate i-th of douche adjacent
Flow rate test difference when two testing time t and t+ Δ t, unit L/h；Indicate being averaged for i-th of douche initial flow
Value, unit L/h；X indicates the sum of douche in the tested continuous fast testing system of performance of anti-blockage；I is indicated according to stream
Douche serial number after measuring the sequence of the absolute value of difference from high to low；x10%Indicate the absolute value of flow difference from high to low
After sequence highest 10% in the minimum douche of flow difference serial number；
The calculating formula of single douche flow Q are as follows:
In formula, Q is single douche flow, unit L/h；T is flow rate test time, unit min；mkAnd mwkRespectively
The quality sum of single steel ladle and water, unit g when for empty barrel and after each flow measurement time t.
Relationship in the step 5 between continuous operation test and practical intermittent duty are as follows:
DraPI1/n=k2DraPC–100(k2-1)；
CUPI 1/n=k3CUPC–100(k3-1)；
CLPI 1/n=k4CLPC；
DWPPI 1/n=k5DWPPC；
DWEPI 1/n=k6DWEPC；
In formula: CLPCIndicate the test result of douche chocking-up degree when continuous operation, DWPPCIndicate hair when continuous operation
The test result of blockage substance dry weight, DWEPCIndicate the test result of douche blocking substance dry weight when continuous operation, DWPPC
Indicate continuous operation test result, DWEPCIndicate continuous operation test result,N days/time of intermittent duty is indicated to pour water
The test result of randomness, Dra occur for device blockingPI1/nIndicate survey of the n days/time of drip emitter of intermittent duty with respect to average flow rate
Test result, CUPI 1/nIndicate that n days/time of drip emitter of intermittent duty is poured water the test result of coefficient of uniformity, CLPI 1/nBetween expression
The test result for douche chocking-up degree when running n days/time of having a rest, DWPPI 1/nIndicate hollow billet tamper at n days/time of intermittent duty
The test result of matter dry weight, DWEPI 1/nIndicate the test result of douche blocking substance dry weight at n days/time of intermittent duty；
K in formula1To k6It is respectively as follows:
k1=0.095n+5.905；
k2=0.16n+5.84；
k3=0.157n+5.843；
k4=1.83n+4.17；
k5=0.063n+5.937；
k6=0.053n+5.947；
Wherein, n is the cycle of operation of intermittent duty.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) douche performance of anti-blockage original position continuous operation fast testing system is constructed, specifies the system water supply, mistake
The type selecting and architectural characteristic of the equipment such as filter, fertilising avoid water source because of the change of water quality caused by transporting, recycle etc., and design
Layering pressure regulation test device, solves the problems, such as in-situ test low efficiency.
(2) propose be suitable for system described in above-mentioned (1) douche performance of anti-blockage standardized test method, it is main to wrap
It is single and not to solve previous test method control variable for operating time containing system, stem operating pressure, irrigation fertilization method etc.
It is unified, the problem for causing test result deviation big.
(3) it proposes a kind of continuous operation and douche performance of anti-blockage assessment index under actual motion condition is (relatively flat
Equal flow, uniformity of irrigation water appilcation etc.), the antidote of blocking substance dry weight and chocking-up degree, solve continuous Accelerating running test
The big problem of the result and the actual running results deviation of method.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of structure of the continuous method for rapidly testing embodiment of drip irrigation system douche performance of anti-blockage of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that pressure regulation test macro is layered in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram that regulator is layered in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of mobile test device in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is in the embodiment of the present inventionThe system testing figure of test result；
Fig. 6 is Dra in the embodiment of the present inventionPI1/nThe system testing figure of test result；
Fig. 7 is CU in the embodiment of the present inventionPI 1/nThe system testing figure of test result；
Fig. 8 is CL in the embodiment of the present inventionPI 1/nThe system testing figure of test result；
Fig. 9 is DWP in the embodiment of the present inventionPI 1/nThe system testing figure of test result；
Figure 10 is DWE in the embodiment of the present inventionPI 1/nThe system testing figure of test result；
Figure 11 is the flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention；
In figure: the first valve of 1-, the second valve of 2-, 3- third valve, the 4th valve of 4-, the 5th valve of 5-, the 6th valve of 6-
Door, 7- centrifugal pump, 8- fertilizing pump, 9- store up fertile pond, 10- inlet pipeline, 11- pressure regulation pipeline, 12- inlet valve, 13- pressure regulator valve
Door, 14- pressure gauge, 15- water meter, 16- flushing pipeline, 17- adjust the speed the first valve, 18- test steel ladle, 19- test car.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing to a kind of reality of the continuous method for rapidly testing of drip irrigation system douche performance of anti-blockage of the present invention
It applies example and does specific explanations,
As shown in figure 11, the embodiment of the present invention is specifically divided into following implementation process:
1) building is for a kind of continuous method for rapidly testing embodiment of drip irrigation system douche performance of anti-blockage of the present invention
Douche performance of anti-blockage original position continuous operation test macro:
It is (hereinafter referred to as anti-stifled that outdoor douche performance of anti-blockage original position continuous operation test macro is constructed in the incipient stage
Fill in the continuous fast testing system of performance), specify the type selecting and structural parameters characteristic of the test macro key equipment, and use and divide
Layer regulator to realize the tests of a variety of douche performance of anti-blockage simultaneously；
As shown in Figure 1, the continuous fast testing system of the performance of anti-blockage of the embodiment of the present invention include: water supply fertilization system,
Several layering pressure regulation test macros parallel with one another and mobile test device matched with layering pressure regulation test macro；Wherein supply water
Fertilization system includes: the first valve 1, the second valve 2, the 6th valve 6, centrifugal pump 7, fertilizer add-on system and filtration system；Water
Source local water source and the first valve 1, centrifugal pump 7, the second valve 2 and filtration system pass through pipeline sequential connection, the 6th valve
Door 6 and fertilizer add-on system pipeline are installed in parallel between filtration system and several layering pressure regulation test macros parallel with one another；
Fertilizer add-on system is the third valve 3 being successively linked in sequence by pipeline, stores up fertile pond 9, the 4th valve 4, fertilising
Pump 8 and the 5th valve 5；It include three centrifugal filter, sandrock filter and laminated filter function differences in filtration system
Filter, and following three kinds of different filtered models may be selected:
Filtered model 1 uses centrifugal filter+sandrock filter+laminated filter mode for high sand-carrying water；
Filtered model 2 uses sandrock filter+laminated filter mode for lake surface water or recycled water；
Filtered model 3 can directly adopt laminated filter filtering for underground brackish water.
As shown in Fig. 2, layering pressure regulation test macro is made of vertical four layers of single layer pressure regulation test macro in parallel up and down；And
The disengaging both ends of layering pressure regulation test macro are connected with water supply fertilization system and outlet pipe respectively；Single layer pressure regulation test macro by
Feed out and be successively sequentially connected by layering regulator, 4 hollow billets in parallel with hollow billet flusher, inside every hollow billet under
Side is equidistantly equipped with several douches respectively, and douche sum is equal to x in the present embodiment；
Layering regulator as shown in Figure 3 includes: inlet pipeline 10, pressure regulation pipeline 11, inlet valve 12, pressure regulating valve
13, pressure gauge 14 and water meter 15；Wherein inlet pipeline 10, inlet valve 12, pressure gauge 14 and water meter 15 pass through pipe from front to back
Road is successively linked in sequence, and further through pressure regulation pipeline 11 and pressure regulating valve 13 on the pipeline between inlet valve 12 and pressure gauge 14,
Pressure regulating valve 13 is connected with outlet system；Hollow billet flusher includes the first valve of the connected flushing pipeline 16 of sequence and speed regulation
17；Single layer pressure regulation test macro realizes the control to each stressor layer, and every layer by the adjusting to pressure regulating valve 13 in each layer
The spacing of hollow billet is 30cm, and the mutual spacing of four hollow billets of every layer of hollow billet is 10cm, the long 15m of hollow billet.
Mobile test device as shown in Figure 4 includes test car 19 and steel ladle 18；Four are provided on test car 19
The layer shelf for placing steel ladle 18, the quantity and placement location of steel ladle 18 are all filled with every component layers pressure regulation test macro
The position of hydrophone is corresponding.
In the continuous fast testing system of this performance of anti-blockage, the flow of centrifugal pump 7 is 7.5m3/ h, lift 15m；It utilizes
Centrifugal pump 7 directly extracts water after filtration system is filtered from water source out, is changed by the opening and closing between valve group, realizes respectively clear
Water, which enters layering pressure regulation test macro or enters, stores up fertile pond 9 with fertilizer；
The flow of fertilizing pump 8 is 7.5m3/ h, lift 15m；
Sandrock filter filtrate select homogeneous filtering material, partial size be 0.60mm~0.75mm, sand stone layer filling thickness be 50~
60cm, filtration flow-rate be 0.020m/s~0.025m/s, backwash for the flow velocity of 0.020m/s~0.025m/s rinse 5~
6min；
Laminated filter selects 150 mesh；
The specification for storing up fertile pond 9 is 3m3；
Being layered pressure regulating valve 13 used by regulator and inlet valve 12 is all gate valve；
The range of pressure gauge 14 is 0~0.16MPa.
After the completion of test system building to be measured, trial operation is carried out to the test macro of the present embodiment before 2) starting；Test run
Capable step is as follows:
Water source enters layering pressure regulation test macro, regulating system operating pressure, after test system to be measured is stablized through filtration system
It is tested.The every day operation of system, every other day fertilising is primary, and periodically carries out hollow billet flushing.
2) continuous operation is carried out to test macro quickly to test, and complete in the quick test process of continuous operation to flow
The acquisition of data:
Using the actual operating mode of drip irrigation technique as reference in this step, proposes to run for the test macro stem and press
The standardized test process such as power, irrigation fertilization method, rinse mode；
It is quick to test macro progress continuous operation for a cycle with every two days in the test method of the embodiment of the present invention
Test 2.2) only pour water not applying for second day wherein first day continuous operation 2.1) pour water and apply fertilizer is quickly tested
The continuous operation of fertilizer is quickly tested；2.3) rinse stage is all carried out after daily test terminates；The following are detailed steps:
2.1) continuous operation of being poured water and applied fertilizer quickly is tested；This step is divided into three phases again, when system needs to carry out
When fertilizer being added to test, system first leads to clear water operation, and every layer of clear water amount is 0.45m3, then pass to 0.15g/L's (pure nutrient density)
Solution 0.6m3, to the end of system is integrally applied fertilizer, after be passed through clear water 0.45m immediately3, all excluded solution is remained in pipeline；
The operating pressure of system is 0.1MPa；
It is 60h/ times that hollow billet, which rinses frequency, rinses 5min with the irrigation flow rate of 0.4m/s；It is poured water and is applied fertilizer continuous fortune
The specific implementation process that row quickly tests three phases is as follows:
2.1.1 it) pours water for the first time the stage: opening the first valve 1, the second valve 2, the 6th valve 6, every layer of layering voltage-regulating system
The inlet valve 12 of inlet pipeline closes third valve 3, the 4th valve 4, the 5th valve 5, every layer of pressure regulator valve stored up near fertile pond
Door 13, the first valve of flushing pipeline 15, later on centrifugal pump 7；Water source is sucked out from water source by centrifugal pump 7, by filtering
System enters layering pressure regulation test macro.Due to height difference, every layer of the display reading of pressure gauge 14 is different, slowly opens every layer
Pressure regulating valve 13 is slowly adjusted until the reading of pressure gauge 14 reaches 0.1MPa.
Until after system run all right, steel ladle 18 is placed on the every of trolley for testing 19 according to douche position
On layer brandreth, then trolley for testing 19 is pushed into, the every layer of brandreth of trolley for testing 19 is placed under every layer system, douche
It is corresponding with steel ladle 18, and press stopwatch while push-in and start timing, test car 19 is pulled out after the time to 5min,
The volume that water in each bucket after the weight of water, is obtained in steel ladle 18 is weighed respectively, and to recording in steel ladle 18 to items
Carry out data.
Each water meter 15 is counted, when the irrigation quantity of every layer of pressure regulation test macro reaches 0.45m3After close every layer of water inlet
Valve 12 reaches 1.8m to total irrigation quantity3After close the first valve 1, the second valve 2, centrifugal pump 7；It opens and stores up fertile pond third valve
The 3, the 4th valve 4 of door, the inlet valve 12 of the 5th valve 5 and every layer of pressure regulation test macro are then turned off the 6th valve 6 and open
Fertilizing pump 8 enters step 2.1.2)；
2.1.2) apply fertilizer the stage: swabbing action of the solution by self priming pump, solution are adjusted from suction indentation layering in fertile pond 9 is stored up
It presses in test macro；Due to height difference, the display reading of pressure gauge 14 of every layer of pressure regulation test macro is different, slowly adjusts pressure regulation
The pressure regulating valve 13 of test macro is until the reading of pressure gauge 14 reaches 0.1MPa；It is counted by water meter 15, is applied when every layer
Fertilizer amount reaches 0.6m3After close every layer of inlet pipeline valve, reach 2.4m to total dose3Fertilizing pump 8, third valve are closed afterwards
3, the 4th valve 4, the 5th valve 5；
2.1.3 it) pours water the stage: is opened in the first valve 1, the second valve 2, the 6th valve 6 and layering voltage-regulating system again
After the inlet valve 12 of every layer of pressure regulation test macro, centrifugal pump 7 is opened；
Clear water is sucked out from water source by centrifugal pump 7, is entered layering pressure regulation test macro by inlet pipeline, is slowly adjusted
Pressure regulating valve 13 in every layer of pressure regulation test macro is counted by water meter 15 until the reading of each pressure gauge 14 reaches 0.1MPa
Number, reaches 0.45m to every layer of irrigation quantity3, each inlet pipeline valve 12 is closed, reaches 1.8m to total irrigation quantity3After close centrifugal pump
7；
2.2) specific implementation process that the continuous operation that do not apply fertilizer quickly is tested of only being poured water is as follows:
Open the first valve 1, the second valve 2, the 6th valve 6, every layer layering voltage-regulating system inlet pipeline inlet valve
12, it closes and stores up fertile pond third valve 3, the 4th valve 4, the 5th valve 5, every layer of pressure regulating valve 13, flushing pipeline 16, open centrifugation
Pump 7；Water source is sucked out from water source by centrifugal pump 7, enters layering pressure regulation test macro by filtration system.Due to highly not
Together, every layer of pressure gauge display reading is different, slowly opens every layer of pressure regulating valve 13, slowly adjusts until the reading of pressure gauge reaches
To 0.1MPa, by the counting of water meter 14, when every layer of irrigation quantity reaches 1.5m3After close every layer of inlet valve 12, to always pour water
Amount reaches 6m3After close the first valve 1, the second valve 2, centrifugal pump 7；
2.3) rinse stage:
Inlet valve 12, the flushing pipeline 16 of every layer of pressure regulation test macro are opened, every layer of pressure regulation test macro pressure regulation is closed
After valve 13, centrifugal pump 7 is opened；Clear water is sucked out from water source by centrifugal pump 7, enters test macro by inlet pipeline,
The silt in hollow billet is gone out by flushing pipeline 16.Water flow rinses 3min after thoroughly filling whole hollow billet.
In every day of the quick test process of continuous operation of progress, all douche flow is tested, and carries out
The acquisition of data on flows, specific douche flow rate test process are as follows: flow rate test is placed with the keg of test flow using four layers
Trolley for testing 19, balance and stopwatch, measurement when trolley can accurately be moved in or out.It, need to be when extremely short when pushing trolley
Interior to disconnect contacting between water dropper and respective keg, the synchronism of flow rate test is high, greatly reduces test error.It adopts
Flow rate test is carried out to system douche with weight method, electronic balance sensibility reciprocal is 0.5g, measures 5min, each flow rate test every time
Before, pressure correction is carried out to system, guarantees that system pressure is stablized in design pressure value when test.Plastics are adjusted before timing measuring
Band is drained using band, flows into each douche water flow all in keg, other extraneous factors make to fill to avoid wind-force etc.
Hydrophone goes out stream and gets muddled and cause measurement error.
3) it after carrying out the quick test process of continuous operation, carries out the test of blocking substance dry weight and obtains hollow billet and pour water
The data of blocking substance dry weight, specific implementation process are as follows in device:
Samples taken is divided into hollow billet and douche two parts；Hollow billet part is sediment in the lumen of hollow billet inner wall, is filled
It is the deposit in douche runner that hydrophone, which blocks substance,；Dry weight test is carried out using high Accuracy Electronic Balance (precision: 10-4g)
Test.
Before test, first passes through baking oven and dry the deposit in hollow billet and douche；After sample drying, to two kinds
Deposit is once weighed respectively；
Sample is obtained into blocking substance by ultrasonic wave+mechanical spalling；The sample cleaned up is put into baking oven, 60
10min is dried at a temperature of DEG C, and two kinds of deposits are weighed again；
The difference weighed twice is the content of deposited material in hollow billet and douche, i.e., hollow billet blocks substance dry weight
(DWP) and douche blocks substance dry weight (DWE), and wherein hollow billet mud blocking substance dry weight unit uses mg/cm2It is stifled with douche
The unit of plug thing matter dry weight uses mg/mm2。
4) to plugging performance evaluation index and and block substance total amount and correct:
By blocking pests occurrence rule and its inside to douche under continuous Accelerating running and actual motion condition in this step
Blocking substance total amount compares, and proposes douche plugging performance evaluation index under the conditions of continuous operation and practical intermittent duty
And the correction of internal blocking substance total amount, and then realize the assessment of douche anti-clogging.
Since drip irrigation system douche blocking characteristic is different under Different irrigation frequency condition, according to continuous operation (PC) with
And intermittent duty (PI1/4；PI1/15) under the conditions of the randomness that blocks of douche, opposite average flow rate, uniformity of irrigation water appilcation etc. it is anti-stifled
It fills in performance indicator and carries out long period monitoring and research, for 15 days/time, intermittent duty method is similar to continuous operation method,
It is with every 15 days in intermittent duty for a cycle, the water of filling in every 7 days in each period, then disposable fertilizer is applied within 7 days, it amounts to and fills
Water dose is 7 times of daily irrigation volume under continuous operation.
Drip irrigation system blocking characteristic test result is corrected under the conditions of with reference to such as Fig. 5~continuous operation shown in Fig. 10
After model, find there is good linear relationship between continuous operation and practical intermittent duty all data obtained, fitting obtains
The correction side of douche plugging performance evaluation index and internal blocking substance total amount under the conditions of continuous operation and practical intermittent duty
Method will be brought into equation with 4 days/time of test result, the result that discovery passes through conversion obtained correction result and actual test
It is almost the same；Specific conversion process are as follows:
4.1) as shown in Fig. 5~Fig. 7, duration is corrected according to the randomness of douche performance of anti-blockage:
Pass through all data for continuing to measure in duration in drip emitter performance of anti-blockage, counted continuous operation
When drip emitter with respect to average flow rate DraPC, continuous operation when trickle irrigation pour water coefficient of uniformity CUPCWith douche when continuous operation
Randomness occurs for blockingCalculation formula it is as follows:
1. drip emitter is with respect to average flow rate Dra when continuous operationPC
According to the drip emitter flow results of correction, the opposite average flow rate Dra of drip irrigation pipe douche is calculatedPC(to fill
Hydrophone measured discharge qiAccount for douche metered flow q at 20 DEG C20Percentage), it is indicated by following formula:
In formula:Flow after-i-th drip emitter initial time is calibrated, unit L/h；
Flow of-i-th drip emitter after t moment is calibrated, unit L/h；
The total quantity of douche in the continuous fast testing system of x-performance of anti-blockage.
2. trickle irrigation is poured water coefficient of uniformity CU when continuous operationPC
The coefficient of uniformity CU that pours water can be used in drip emitter uniformity of irrigation water appilcation when continuous operationPCIt indicates, which can root
It is calculated according to Christiansen (Christiansen) formula, in this test, which also reflects each drip emitter blocking
The randomness of generating process.
In formula:Flow after-i-th drip emitter is calibrated, unit L/h；
- douche calibrated flow average value, unit L/h；
The total quantity of douche in the continuous fast testing system of x-performance of anti-blockage.
3. blocking occurs douche blocking when randomness Q and continuous operation and randomness occurs
For the randomness that clearly single douche blocking occurs, need to calculate single douche flow Q first.
In formula, Q is single douche flow, unit L/h；T is flow rate test time, unit min；mkAnd mwkRespectively
For steel ladle after empty barrel and each flow measurement time t and water gross mass, unit g；In the present embodiment, t=5min；
In formula,Indicate that the size of randomness occurs for douche blocking；T indicates flow rate test time, unit h；Δ
T indicates adjacent flow rate test time interval twice, unit h；Indicate i-th of douche in adjacent two testing time
Flow rate test difference when t and t+ Δ t, unit L/h；Indicate the average value of i-th of douche initial flow, unit L/
h；X indicates the sum of douche in the tested continuous fast testing system of performance of anti-blockage；I is indicated according to the absolute of flow difference
Douche serial number after the sequence of value from high to low；x10%Highest after indicating the sequence of the absolute value of flow difference from high to low
10% in the minimum douche of flow difference serial number.In our current research, x=1,2 ... 45, Δ t=60h.
According to each value obtained under continuous operation state (PC) above, each value under practical intermittent operating state is pushed away
It calculates, relational expression are as follows:
DraPI1/n=k2DraPC–100(k2-1)；
CUPI 1/n=k3CUPC–100(k3-1)；
In formula: DraPCIndicate that drip emitter is with respect to average flow rate, CU when continuous operationPCIndicate trickle irrigation when continuous operation
It pours water coefficient of uniformity,Indicate that randomness, PI occur for douche blocking when continuous operation1/nIndicate n days/time of intermittent duty
Test result；Indicate that the test result of randomness, Dra occur for n days/time of douche blocking of intermittent dutyPI1/nIt indicates
For n days/time of drip emitter of intermittent duty with respect to the test result of average flow rate, n is the number of days in each intermittent duty period, k1、k2
And k3Are as follows:
k1=0.095n+5.905；
k2=0.16n+5.84；
k3=0.157n+5.843；
N is the cycle of operation of intermittent duty；
4.2) blocking substance is corrected according to douche chocking-up degree (CL):
As shown in Fig. 8~Figure 10, according to the douche chocking-up degree obtained at continuous operation state (PC) in test
(CLPC), hollow billet block substance dry weight (DWPPC) and douche blocking substance dry weight (DWEPC), to practical intermittent duty (PI1/n)
Each value under state calculated, relational expression are as follows:
CLPI 1/n=k4CLPC；
DWPPI 1/n=k5DWPPC；
DWEPI 1/n=k6DWEPC；
In formula: CLPCIndicate the test result CL of douche chocking-up degree when continuous operationPC=1-DraPC, DWPPCThe company of expression
The test result of hollow billet blocking substance dry weight, DWE when reforwarding rowPCIndicate the test of douche blocking substance dry weight when continuous operation
As a result, CUPI 1/nIndicate that n days/time of drip emitter of intermittent duty is poured water the test result of coefficient of uniformity, CLPI 1/nIndicate interval
The test result of douche chocking-up degree, DWP at n days/time of operationPI 1/nIndicate that hollow billet blocks substance at n days/time of intermittent duty
The test result of dry weight, DWEPI 1/nIndicate the test result of douche blocking substance dry weight at n days/time of intermittent duty, n is every
The number of days in a intermittent duty period, k4、k5And k6Are as follows:
k4=1.83n+4.17；
k5=0.063n+5.937；
k6=0.053n+5.947.
In the present embodiment, the result specific steps of practical intermittent duty are obtained by continuous operation test result are as follows:
Step 1, the building continuous fast testing system of performance of anti-blockage；
Step 2 quickly tests the periodic continuous operation of performance of anti-blockage continuous fast testing system progress, and even
The acquisition to data on flows is completed in the quick test process of reforwarding row；Flow data collector refers to when hollow billet hydraulic pressure is 0.1MPa
Collect flow of the total x douche within the t time；
Step 3 carries out the test in period to the blocking substance dry weight in the continuous fast testing system of performance of anti-blockage, and obtains
Take the data of blocking substance dry weight in hollow billet and douche；Blocking substance in hollow billet is sediment in the lumen of hollow billet inner wall；
Blocking substance in douche is the deposit in douche runner；
Step 4, the reckoning that plugging performance is carried out to all data after step 2 and step 3 acquisition；
Step 5 utilizes the number obtained after calculating according to the relationship between continuous operation test and practical intermittent duty to step 4
Value is calculated, and the result of practical intermittent duty is obtained.
In the present embodiment, intermittent duty operation in 1 year in implementation process focuses mostly at 16 times or so, and continuous operation
Total days running be 64d (day), daily actual irrigation is primary when continuous operation, and identical operation test uses intermittent duty big
4 years are about needed, and continuous operation only needs two months；I.e. two months and 4 years gaps, thus this continuous method for rapidly testing
On the basis of ensure that test result is accurate, the testing time is shorten to the 1/24 of intermittent duty, the time is greatly saved.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of continuous fast testing system of drip irrigation system douche performance of anti-blockage characterized by comprising supply water fertilising system
System, several layering pressure regulation test macros parallel with one another and mobile test device matched with layering pressure regulation test macro；Wherein
Water supply fertilization system include: the first valve (1), the second valve (2), the 6th valve (6), centrifugal pump (7), fertilizer add-on system and
Filtration system；Wherein the first valve (1), centrifugal pump (7), the second valve (2) and filtration system are linked in sequence by pipeline, and the 6th
Valve (6) and fertilizer add-on system pipeline are installed in parallel between filtration system and layering pressure regulation test macro parallel with one another.
2. a kind of continuous fast testing system of the anti-performance of anti-blockage of douche according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Fertilizer add-on system is stated to include the third valve (3) being successively linked in sequence by pipeline, store up fertile pond (9), the 4th valve (4), apply
Fertilizer pump (8) and the 5th valve (5).
3. a kind of continuous fast testing system of the anti-performance of anti-blockage of douche according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating includes the different filter of three centrifugal filter, sandrock filter and laminated filter functions in filtration system.
4. a kind of continuous fast testing system of the anti-performance of anti-blockage of douche according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute
Layering pressure regulation test macro is stated to be made of vertical four layers of single layer pressure regulation test macro in parallel up and down；And layering pressure regulation test macro
Disengaging both ends be connected respectively with water supply fertilization system and outlet pipe；Single layer pressure regulation test macro is by feeding out by layering pressure regulation
Device, four hollow billets in parallel are successively sequentially connected with hollow billet flusher, and the lower section inside every hollow billet is equidistantly set respectively
There are several douches；
The mobile test device includes test car (19) and steel ladle (18)；Four layers are provided on test car (19) with putting
The shelf of steel ladle (18) is set, the quantity and placement location of steel ladle (18) are all poured water with every component layers pressure regulation test macro
The position of device is corresponding.
5. a kind of continuous fast testing system of the anti-performance of anti-blockage of douche according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating layering regulator includes: inlet pipeline (10), pressure regulation pipeline (11), inlet valve (12), pressure regulating valve (13), pressure gauge
(14) and water meter (15)；Wherein inlet pipeline (10), inlet valve (12), pressure gauge (14) and water meter (15) pass through from front to back
Pipeline is successively linked in sequence, and further through pressure regulation pipeline (11) and pressure regulation on the pipeline between inlet valve (12) and pressure gauge (14)
Valve (13), pressure regulating valve (13) are connected with outlet system；
The hollow billet flusher includes the connected flushing pipeline (16) of sequence and speed regulation the first valve (17)；Single layer pressure regulation test
System realizes the control to each stressor layer by the adjusting to pressure regulating valve (13) in each layer.
6. a kind of drip irrigation system of the continuous fast testing system of drip irrigation system douche performance of anti-blockage according to claim 1
The continuous method for rapidly testing of douche performance of anti-blockage, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the building continuous fast testing system of performance of anti-blockage；
Step 2 is quickly tested the periodic continuous operation of performance of anti-blockage continuous fast testing system progress, and is continuously being transported
The acquisition to data on flows is completed in the quick test process of row；
Step 3 carries out the test in period to the blocking substance dry weight in the continuous fast testing system of performance of anti-blockage, and obtains hair
The data of blocking substance dry weight in pipe and douche；
Step 4, the reckoning that plugging performance is carried out to all data after step 2 and step 3 acquisition；
Step 5, using according to continuous operation test practical intermittent duty between relationship to the numerical value obtained after step 4 reckoning into
Row calculates, and obtains the result of practical intermittent duty；
The flow data collector, which refers to, collects flow of the total x douche within the t time when hollow billet hydraulic pressure is 0.1MPa；Institute
The blocking substance stated in hollow billet is sediment in the lumen of hollow billet inner wall；Blocking substance in the douche is douche runner
Interior deposit.
7. a kind of continuous method for rapidly testing of drip irrigation system douche performance of anti-blockage according to claim 6, feature
Be, the step 4 is specifically divided into: drip emitter is with respect to average flow rate Dra when to continuous operationPC, continuous operation when trickle irrigation
Pour water coefficient of uniformity CUPCRandomness occurs with douche blocking when continuous operationReckoning；
Wherein to drip emitter with respect to average flow rate DraPCReckoning are as follows:
In formula:Flow after-i-th drip emitter initial time is calibrated, unit L/h；
Flow of-i-th drip emitter after t moment is calibrated, unit L/h；
The total quantity of douche in the continuous fast testing system of x-performance of anti-blockage；
It pours water coefficient of uniformity CU to drip emitterPCReckoning are as follows:
In formula:Flow after-i-th drip emitter is calibrated, unit L/h；
- douche calibrated flow average value, unit L/h；
The total quantity of douche in the continuous fast testing system of x-performance of anti-blockage；
Douche is blocked, randomness occursReckoning are as follows:
In formula,Indicate the size of douche blocking generation randomness when continuous operation；T indicates flow rate test time, unit
For h；Δ t indicates adjacent flow rate test time interval twice, unit h；Indicate that i-th of douche is surveyed adjacent two
Try flow rate test difference when time t and t+ Δ t, unit L/h；Indicate the average value of i-th of douche initial flow, it is single
Position is L/h；X indicates the sum of douche in the tested continuous fast testing system of performance of anti-blockage；I is indicated according to flow difference
Absolute value sequence from high to low after douche serial number；x10%After indicating the sequence of the absolute value of flow difference from high to low
Highest 10% in the minimum douche of flow difference serial number；
The calculating formula of single douche flow Q are as follows:
In formula, Q is single douche flow, unit L/h；T is flow rate test time, unit min；mkAnd mwkIt is respectively empty
The quality sum of single steel ladle and water, unit g when bucket and after each flow measurement time t.
8. a kind of continuous method for rapidly testing of drip irrigation system douche performance of anti-blockage according to claim 6, feature
It is, the relationship in the step 5 between continuous operation test and practical intermittent duty are as follows:
DraPI1/n=k2DraPC–100(k2-1)；
CUPI1/n=k3CUPC–100(k3-1)；
CLPI1/n=k4CLPC；
DWPPI1/n=k5DWPPC；
DWEPI1/n=k6DWEPC；
In formula: CLPCIndicate the test result of douche chocking-up degree when continuous operation, DWPPCIndicate that hollow billet blocks when continuous operation
The test result of substance dry weight, DWEPCIndicate the test result of douche blocking substance dry weight when continuous operation, DWPPCThe company of expression
Reforwarding row test result, DWEPCIndicate continuous operation test result,Indicate n days/time of douche blocking of intermittent duty
The test result of randomness, Dra occursPI1/nIndicate test knot of the n days/time of drip emitter of intermittent duty with respect to average flow rate
Fruit, CUPI1/nIndicate that n days/time of drip emitter of intermittent duty is poured water the test result of coefficient of uniformity, CLPI1/nIndicate intermittent duty
The test result of douche chocking-up degree, DWP at n days/timePI1/nIndicate hollow billet blocking substance dry weight at n days/time of intermittent duty
Test result, DWEPI1/nIndicate the test result of douche blocking substance dry weight at n days/time of intermittent duty；
K in formula1To k6It is respectively as follows:
k1=0.095n+5.905；
k2=0.16n+5.84；
k3=0.157n+5.843；
k4=1.83n+4.17；
k5=0.063n+5.937；
k6=0.053n+5.947；
Wherein, n is the cycle of operation of intermittent duty.
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