CN109055472A - A kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide - Google Patents
A kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide, and step includes: 12 process procedures such as heavy pretreatment of raw material, laccase treatment, starch enzymatic treatment, glucose oxidase processing, hydrogen peroxide enzymatic treatment, compound protein enzymatic treatment, enzyme deactivation sterilizing, acid, separation of solid and liquid, ultrafiltration, concentration and drying；Be in pale yellow powder shape using walnut peptide product obtained by the technology of the present invention, it is soluble easily in water, without precipitating, without obvious bitter taste, solution clear, wherein relative molecular weight is not less than 80% in the Purity of 500-5000Da, and product yield is not less than 60%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to complex enzyme manufacture field, in particular to the complex enzyme production method of a kind of walnut peptide.
Background technique
Walnut, also known as English walnut, Qiang peach are juglandaceae plant.With almond, cashew nut, fibert and referred to as world-renowned " four is big
Dry fruit ".China is one of walnut source area, and there are Yunnan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hebei, Gansu, Henan, Sichuan, Beijing, Zhejiang in main producing region
The ground such as river, Guizhou, Shandong, Xinjiang and Liaoning.As important one of woody oleiferous plants crop, most of walnut kernel is for making core
Peach oil.Walnut oil is a kind of edible oil of preciousness, and wherein consaturated oil content is up to 90% or more, with linoleic acid, oleic acid, Asia
Based on numb acid, there is prevention hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, improve the healthcare functions such as immunity of organisms.
Degreasing walnut grouts are the principal by product generated in walnut oil process, and protein content is up to 50% or more.
Walnut protein is made of 6.81% albumin, 17.57% globulin, 5.33% alcohol soluble protein and 70.11% glutelin.Cause
This, the water solubility of walnut protein is very poor, directly affects its nutritional quality and application range in the food industry.In order to sufficiently sharp
With the protein resource in degreasing walnut grouts, generally requires using enzymatic treatment method, improves the dissolubility of wherein protein,
Convenient for the separation and Extraction and utilization of protein.
Currently, the utilization of protein is processable to prepare instand walnut albumen powder based on protease hydrolytic in walnut grouts
With walnut peptide product.But many deficiencies are still had using the method products obtained therefrom of simple proteins enzyme hydrolysis, comprising: color depth,
Bitter, yield are low, peptide purity is low etc..
Studies have shown that in walnut kernel, in addition to grease rich in, protein, carbohydrate, minerals, vitamin
In addition, polyphenol and tannin also rich in, these substances are mainly distributed in endopleura of walnut, and walnut oil is processed
In, endotesta will not generally completely remove, and polyphenol and tannin therein will remain in grouts, and substance of this kind pole
Easily and protein complexation, therefore, lead to gained walnut protein, walnut peptides product there are the main reason for above-mentioned mass defect to be
Polyphenols therein, has occurred caused by enzymatic browning in process.Secondly, carbon aquation rich in walnut kernel
Object, oligosaccharide and free amino acid are closed, the Maillard reaction between these substances is also to lead to Walnut protein powder and walnut peptide color
One of the reason of intensification.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide, use with eliminate polyphenols enzymatic browning,
Inhibit the decoloration of walnut peptide combined-enzyme method and its processing skill that the Maillaid braun reaction between carbohydrate and amino acid is main task
Art makes gained walnut peptide product meet market demands in color, mouthfeel, purity and yield aspects.Using obtained by the inventive technique
Walnut peptide product is in pale yellow powder shape, it is quickly dissolving with water, without precipitating, without obvious bitter taste, solution clear, wherein polypeptide is pure
Degree is not less than 80%, and product yield is not less than 60%.The walnut peptide produced using this method in milky white to light yellow powder, easily
It is dissolved in water, taste is fresh clearly, and without obvious bitter taste, wherein relative molecular weight is in the content of peptides of 500-5000Da 80% or more.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems are as follows: a kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide, tool
Body includes the following steps:
Step (1) pretreatment of raw material: degreasing walnut protein powder is crushed, crosses 40-60 mesh screen, the degreasing core after taking sieving
Peach albumen powder, is placed in enzymatic vessel, is added 4-8 times and measures water, impregnates 10-30min, high-speed homogenization 5-10min, spare；
Step (2) laccase treatment: being added food grade laccase in the ratio of degreasing walnut protein silty amount 0.1%-0.5%,
PH2-4 is adjusted, hydrolyzes 10-40min under the conditions of 40-60 DEG C；
Step (3) starch enzymatic treatment: after laccase hydrolyzes, heat degreasing walnut protein powder solution, make its temperature
Reach 85-95 DEG C, and keep 15-30min, after being gelatinized the starch in degreasing walnut protein powder sufficiently, stops heating and cooling；
When temperature reaches 50-70 DEG C, fire resistant alpha-diastase or sugar is added in the ratio of degreasing walnut protein silty amount 0.5%-0.8%
Change enzyme, adjust pH5.5-6.5, hydrolyze 40-60min, makes in degreasing walnut protein powder starch contained therein complete hydrolysis at oligosaccharide；It
It is centrifuged while hot afterwards, abandons supernatant, collect sediment；The 4-6 times of water for measuring volume is added in sediment later, repeats stirring, leaching
It mentions, be centrifuged 2-3 times；It is finally centrifuged, collects sediment, it is spare；
The processing of step (4) glucose oxidase: amylase after treatment, by degreasing walnut protein silty amount 0.2%-
Food grade glucose oxidase is added in 0.4% ratio, adjusts pH3.5-6.5, hydrolyzes 30-60min under the conditions of 40-60 DEG C；
Step (5) hydrogen peroxide enzymatic treatment: after glucose oxidase hydrolyzes, by degreasing walnut protein silty amount
Edible level catalase is added in the ratio of 0.2%-0.5%, adjusts pH6-7, hydrolyzes 30-60min under the conditions of 30-40 DEG C；
Step (6) compound protein enzymatic treatment: catalase after treatment, by degreasing walnut protein silty amount 0.2%-
Food grade neutral proteinase is added in 0.8% ratio, adjusts pH6-7, hydrolyzes 30-60min under the conditions of 30-60 DEG C；Then, then
Food grade flavor protease is added in the ratio that degreasing walnut protein silty amount 0.1%-0.5% is added, and pH6-7 is adjusted, in 30-60
30-60min is hydrolyzed under the conditions of DEG C；
Step (7) enzyme deactivation, sterilization treatment: compound protease after treatment, gained enzymolysis liquid are passed through overheated steam, add
Heat to central temperature reaches 85-95 DEG C, and 10-30min is kept to carry out enzyme deactivation, sterilization treatment；
The heavy processing of step (8) acid: the pH value of the walnut protein enzymolysis liquid after enzyme deactivation, sterilization treatment is adjusted to 4-4.5, room
The lower stirring of temperature stands 1h；The polypeptide fractions of macro-molecular protein and molecular weight 10000Da or more in enzymolysis liquid can be precipitated gradually
It is precipitated；
Step (9) is separated by solid-liquid separation: through heavy treated the enzymolysis liquid of acid, being carried out using decanter centrifuge or cyclone separation process
Be separated by solid-liquid separation, by walnut protein enzymolysis liquid soluble component and solid phase components separate, collect upper rich in walnut peptide
Clear liquid；
Step (10) hyperfiltration treatment: hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane technique is used, supernatant obtained in step (9) is surpassed
Filter processing guarantees that the operating pressure in ultra-filtration process is 0.1-0.5MPa, it is free less than 500Da to remove enzymolysis liquid middle-molecular-weihydroxyethyl
Amino acid composition or small peptide, the peptide separation by wherein relative molecular weight in 500Da or more come out；
Step (11) concentration: it will be carried out by the polypeptide liquid of the resulting 500Da containing molecular weight of hyperfiltration treatment or more true
Sky concentration, is concentrated into polypeptide liquid solid content in 30%-50%；
Step (12) is dry: dense to step (11) resulting polypeptide using atomizer drying or freeze-drying
Contracting liquid is dried, and finally obtains walnut peptide product；The product is in milky white to light yellow powder, and soluble easily in water, taste is fresh clearly,
Without obvious bitter taste, wherein relative molecular weight is in the content of peptides of 500-5000Da 80% or more.
Preferably, in the step (1) plus water homogenate, using Y18 type high-speed homogenization machine interval, multiple homogenized,
1-2min per treatment, revolving speed 15000r/min, interval 1-2min, continuous homogenized 3-4 times.
Preferably, the laccase treatment in the step (2) mainly removes polyphenol and tannin in walnut powder,
Reduce the enzymatic browning reaction of substance of this kind.
Preferably, the starch enzymatic treatment of the step (3), what is mainly removed is the starch in Walnut protein powder, successively
By gelatinization processing, amylorrhexis and centrifugation, washing process, make the water-soluble oligosaccharide of the Starch Hydrolysis in raw material, most
It separates by washing and centrifugation, is reduced with this because of brown stain caused by U.S. ladd brown stain.
Preferably, the glucose oxidase processing of the step (4), remains using in glucose oxidase decomposition of protein powder
Remaining micro glucose generates hydrogen peroxide and water, to reduce Maillaid braun reaction.
Preferably, the hydrogen peroxide enzymatic treatment of the step (5), the middle hydrogen peroxide generated of removal process (4), in order to avoid
Hydrogen peroxide is to protein and the subsequent influence that enzymatic property is added.
Preferably, the heavy processing of the acid of the step (8), its object is to remove in walnut protein enzymolysis liquid remaining big point
Sub- protein and relative molecular weight are more than the polypeptide of 10000Da.
Preferably, hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane of the selective retention molecular weight in 500Da or more, impeller turn in the step (10)
Fast 600-800r/min, operating pressure 0.06-1.0Mpa.
The present invention provides a kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide, use with eliminate polyphenols enzymatic browning,
Inhibit the decoloration of walnut peptide combined-enzyme method and its processing skill that the Maillaid braun reaction between carbohydrate and amino acid is main task
Art makes gained walnut peptide product meet market demands in color, mouthfeel, purity and yield aspects；Using obtained by the inventive technique
Walnut peptide product is in pale yellow powder shape, it is quickly dissolving with water, without precipitating, without obvious bitter taste, solution clear, wherein polypeptide is pure
Degree is not less than 80%, and product yield is not less than 60%；The walnut peptide produced using this method in milky white to light yellow powder, easily
It is dissolved in water, taste is fresh clearly, and without obvious bitter taste, wherein relative molecular weight is in the content of peptides of 500-5000Da 80% or more.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is present invention gained walnut peptide product amino acid composition analysis figure.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below, it is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention
It is not limited by the specific implementation；
Embodiment 1
The complex enzyme production method of a kind of walnut peptide as shown in Figure 1:, includes the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: degreasing walnut protein powder is crushed, crosses 40-60 mesh screen, the degreasing after taking 100kg to be sieved
Walnut protein powder is placed in the stainless steel enzymatic vessel of 1 cubic metre of solvent, and 5 times of amount water are added, and impregnates 30min, high-speed homogenization
10min, it is spare.
(2) laccase treatment: being added 300g food grade laccase, adjusts pH2-4, hydrolyzes 30min under the conditions of 50 DEG C.
(3) starch enzymatic treatment: after laccase hydrolyzes, heat albumen powder solution, so that its temperature is reached 95 DEG C, and protect
30min is held, when being cooled to 60-65 DEG C immediately, 500g fire resistant alpha-diastase is added, adjusts pH5.5-6.5, hydrolyzes 50min.While hot
Supernatant is abandoned in centrifugation, collects precipitating.The 4-6 times of water for measuring volume is added in precipitating, repeats stirring, extraction, centrifugation 2-3 times.Finally
Precipitating is collected in centrifugation, spare.
(4) glucose oxidase is handled: 200g food grade glucose oxidase is added in amylase after treatment, adjusts
PH3.5-6.5 hydrolyzes 40min under the conditions of 50 DEG C.
(5) hydrogen peroxide enzymatic treatment: after glucose oxidase hydrolyzes, 300g is added and eats level catalase, adjusts
PH6-7 is saved, hydrolyzes 40min under the conditions of 40 DEG C.
(6) compound protein enzymatic treatment: 500g food grade neutral proteinase is added in catalase after treatment, adjusts
PH6-7 hydrolyzes 60min under the conditions of 50 DEG C.Then, 300g food grade flavor protease is added, pH6-7 is adjusted, at 50 DEG C
Under the conditions of hydrolyze 40min.
(7) enzyme deactivation, sterilization treatment: after compound protein enzymatic treatment, gained enzymolysis liquid is passed through overheated steam, is heated to center
Temperature reaches 85-95 DEG C, and 30min is kept to carry out enzyme deactivation, sterilization treatment.
(8) the heavy processing of acid: the pH value of the walnut protein enzymolysis liquid after enzyme deactivation, sterilization treatment is adjusted to 4-4.5, at room temperature
Stirring stands 1h.Precipitate the albumen and polypeptide fractions of high molecular weight.
(9) it is separated by solid-liquid separation: through heavy treated the enzymolysis liquid of acid, being separated by solid-liquid separation using decanter centrifuge, by walnut egg
Soluble component and solid phase components in white enzymolysis liquid are separated, and the supernatant for being rich in walnut peptide is collected.
(10) hyperfiltration treatment: using hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane technique, is carrying out hyperfiltration treatment to gained supernatant in (9),
The operating pressure 0.1-0.5MPa in ultra-filtration process is saved, the free amino acid group that enzymolysis liquid middle-molecular-weihydroxyethyl is less than 500Da is removed
Divide or small peptide, the peptide separation by wherein relative molecular weight in 500Da or more come out.
(11) concentration: will by (10) hyperfiltration treatment institute 500Da containing molecular weight or more polypeptide liquid progress vacuum
Concentration, is concentrated into polypeptide liquid solid content in 30%-50%.
(12) dry: atomizer seasoning can be used, polypeptide concentrate obtained by (10) is dried, final
To walnut peptide product.The product is in milky white to light yellow powder, and soluble easily in water, taste is fresh clearly, without obvious bitter taste, wherein relatively
Molecular weight 500-5000Da content of peptides 80% or more, gross production rate 62%.
The walnut peptide product utilization amino-acid analyzer that Example 1 obtains carries out amino acid composition analysis, obtained knot
Fruit is as shown in Fig. 2 and table 1:
The amino acid of 1 walnut peptide product of table forms (g/100g)
It can be derived that from the data in table 1 and Fig. 2, the walnut peptide prepared using this method is rich in a variety of amino acid, and more
Peptide purity is not less than 80%.
Disclosed above is only specific embodiments of the present invention, and still, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, Ren Heben
What the technical staff in field can think variation should all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide, which comprises the steps of:
Step (1) pretreatment of raw material: degreasing walnut protein powder is crushed, crosses 40-60 mesh screen, the degreasing walnut egg after taking sieving
White powder is placed in enzymatic vessel, is added 4-8 times and is measured water, impregnates 10-30min, high-speed homogenization 5-10min, spare；
Step (2) laccase treatment: food grade laccase is added in the ratio of degreasing walnut protein silty amount 0.1%-0.5%, adjusts
PH2-4 hydrolyzes 10-40min under the conditions of 40-60 DEG C；
Step (3) starch enzymatic treatment: after laccase hydrolyzes, heat degreasing walnut protein powder solution, reach its temperature
85-95 DEG C, and 15-30min is kept, after being gelatinized the starch in degreasing walnut protein powder sufficiently, stop heating and cooling；To temperature
When degree reaches 50-70 DEG C, fire resistant alpha-diastase or saccharification is added in the ratio of degreasing walnut protein silty amount 0.5%-0.8%
Enzyme adjusts pH5.5-6.5, hydrolyzes 40-60min, makes in degreasing walnut protein powder starch contained therein complete hydrolysis at oligosaccharide；Later
It is centrifuged while hot, abandons supernatant, collect sediment；The 4-6 times of water for measuring volume is added in sediment later, repeatedly stir, extract,
Centrifugation 2-3 times；It is finally centrifuged, collects sediment, it is spare；
The processing of step (4) glucose oxidase: amylase after treatment, by degreasing walnut protein silty amount 0.2%-0.4%
Ratio be added food grade glucose oxidase, adjust pH3.5-6.5, hydrolyze 30-60min under the conditions of 40-60 DEG C；
Step (5) hydrogen peroxide enzymatic treatment: after glucose oxidase hydrolyzes, by degreasing walnut protein silty amount 0.2%-
Edible level catalase is added in 0.5% ratio, adjusts pH6-7, hydrolyzes 30-60min under the conditions of 30-40 DEG C；
Step (6) compound protein enzymatic treatment: catalase after treatment, by degreasing walnut protein silty amount 0.2%-
Food grade neutral proteinase is added in 0.8% ratio, adjusts pH6-7, hydrolyzes 30-60min under the conditions of 30-60 DEG C；Then, then
Food grade flavor protease is added in the ratio that degreasing walnut protein silty amount 0.1%-0.5% is added, and pH6-7 is adjusted, in 30-60
30-60min is hydrolyzed under the conditions of DEG C；
Step (7) enzyme deactivation, sterilization treatment: compound protease after treatment, gained enzymolysis liquid are passed through overheated steam, are heated to
Central temperature reaches 85-95 DEG C, and 10-30min is kept to carry out enzyme deactivation, sterilization treatment；
The heavy processing of step (8) acid: the pH value of the walnut protein enzymolysis liquid after enzyme deactivation, sterilization treatment is adjusted to 4-4.5, at room temperature
Stirring stands 1h；The polypeptide fractions of macro-molecular protein and molecular weight 10000Da or more in enzymolysis liquid can gradually precipitate analysis
Out；
Step (9) is separated by solid-liquid separation: through heavy treated the enzymolysis liquid of acid, carrying out solid-liquid using decanter centrifuge or cyclone separation process
Separation, by walnut protein enzymolysis liquid soluble component and solid phase components separate, collect be rich in walnut peptide supernatant；
Step (10) hyperfiltration treatment: using hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane technique, carries out at ultrafiltration to supernatant obtained in step (9)
Reason guarantees that the operating pressure in ultra-filtration process is 0.1-0.5MPa, removes the free amine group that enzymolysis liquid middle-molecular-weihydroxyethyl is less than 500Da
Acid constituents or small peptide, the peptide separation by wherein relative molecular weight in 500Da or more come out；
Step (11) concentration: dense by vacuum is carried out by the polypeptide liquid of the resulting 500Da containing molecular weight of hyperfiltration treatment or more
Contracting, is concentrated into polypeptide liquid solid content in 30%-50%；
Step (12) is dry: using atomizer drying or freeze-drying, to the resulting polypeptide concentrate of step (11)
It is dried, finally obtains walnut peptide product；The product is in milky white to light yellow powder, and soluble easily in water, taste is fresh clearly, without bright
Aobvious bitter taste, wherein relative molecular weight is in the content of peptides of 500-5000Da 80% or more.
2. a kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1)
Plus water homogenate, using Y18 type high-speed homogenization machine interval, multiple homogenized, 1-2min per treatment, revolving speed 15000r/
Min, interval 1-2min, continuous homogenized 3-4 times.
3. a kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (2)
Laccase treatment, mainly remove walnut powder in polyphenol and tannin, reduce substance of this kind enzymatic browning reaction.
4. a kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (3)
Starch enzymatic treatment, what is mainly removed is the starch in Walnut protein powder, successively by gelatinization processing, amylorrhexis and from
The heart, washing process are made the water-soluble oligosaccharide of the Starch Hydrolysis in raw material, most separate through washing and being centrifuged, subtracted afterwards with this
Less because of brown stain caused by U.S. ladd brown stain.
5. a kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (4)
Glucose oxidase processing generates hydrogen peroxide using remaining micro glucose in glucose oxidase decomposition of protein powder
And water, to reduce Maillaid braun reaction.
6. a kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (5)
Hydrogen peroxide enzymatic treatment, the middle hydrogen peroxide generated of removal process (4), in case hydrogen peroxide is to protein and subsequent addition enzyme
The influence of property.
7. a kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (8)
The heavy processing of acid, its object is to remove remaining macro-molecular protein and relative molecular weight in walnut protein enzymolysis liquid to be more than
The polypeptide of 10000Da.
8. a kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (10)
Hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane of the selective retention molecular weight in 500Da or more, wheel speed 600-800r/min, operating pressure 0.06-
1.0Mpa。
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| CN109777849A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-21 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of de- bitter peach kernel extracts the preparation method of proteolysis polypeptide |
| CN109924262A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-25 | 滁州学院 | A kind of synchronous processing method of high-purity Walnut protein powder and walnut beverage |
| CN110628853A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-31 | 北京市林业果树科学研究院 | Walnut antioxidant active peptide and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113699206A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-26 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for preparing hickory protein by using hickory cake meal |
| CN113729232A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-03 | 山东乐道农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of cistanche deserticola dietary fiber |
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| CN116655819A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-08-29 | 湖南广霖生物科技有限公司 | Production process and production device of instant acacia powder |
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| CN109777849A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-21 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of de- bitter peach kernel extracts the preparation method of proteolysis polypeptide |
| CN109777849B (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2022-08-19 | 中南林业科技大学 | Preparation method for extracting proteolysis polypeptide from debitterized peach kernel |
| CN109924262A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-25 | 滁州学院 | A kind of synchronous processing method of high-purity Walnut protein powder and walnut beverage |
| CN110628853A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-31 | 北京市林业果树科学研究院 | Walnut antioxidant active peptide and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113699206A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-26 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for preparing hickory protein by using hickory cake meal |
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| CN113729232B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2023-06-23 | 山东乐道农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of cistanche deserticola dietary fiber |
| CN114317501A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 宁夏夏盛实业集团有限公司 | Complex enzyme and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2024103619A1 (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-05-23 | 南京纽邦生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method for light-colored water-soluble vegetable protein |
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Application publication date: 20181221 |