CN109042289A - A kind of selection of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm - Google Patents
A kind of selection of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm Download PDFInfo
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- CN109042289A CN109042289A CN201810783692.XA CN201810783692A CN109042289A CN 109042289 A CN109042289 A CN 109042289A CN 201810783692 A CN201810783692 A CN 201810783692A CN 109042289 A CN109042289 A CN 109042289A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of selection of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm, which includes: with the rice rich in Starch-lipid complex for parent A, and the rice with Black seed coat is parent B, is female parent with parent B, hybridizes with parent A, obtain F1For seed；It is returned again with parent A, obtains BC1F1Generation；Successively plant BC1F1~BC1F6Generation selfing, exists using buff seed coat, black endosperm, crude fat content >=2% and 70% or more using Starch-lipid complex form and anthocyanidin content is the screening index harvest high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm.The rice that breeding of the present invention obtains not only has the advantages that light yellow epidermis, black endosperm, high Starch-lipid complex content and high anthocyanidin content, and anthocyanidin is in edible endosperm fraction effective expression, the natural high anthocyanidin product such as black rice noodles can be developed without using food color, especially meets people to natural food, safe and healthy general requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rice breeding technology field more particularly to a kind of breeding sides of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm
Method.
Background technique
Anthocyanidin, also known as anthocyanidin are the natural pigments that nature one kind is widely present in plant, are widely used in food
Coloring, dyestuff, medicine, cosmetics etc..Anthocyanidin belongs to the nutrient for plants of bioflavonoids, not only has very strong
Free radical scavenging ability and oxidation resistance, it may have reduce enzyme activity and the different isoreactivity molecule of resistance, human body is good for
Health has important healthcare function.
The colored extraordinary rice such as black rice, red rice and purple rice is just rich in anthocyanidin, is the main material of China's tradition tonic, grinds
Study carefully the breeding for being dedicated to colored Special rice.
Application publication number is that the application for a patent for invention of CN102524052A discloses and a kind of has the function of to produce colorful rice rice
Selection, the selection the following steps are included: (1) select three systems keep being that B makees it is maternal with Black Rice paternal hybrid, it is miscellaneous
A kind generation and holding are to be returned in B mostly generation, and breeding skin containing black race and other characters and holding are that the consistent holding of B is black B；(2) it uses
It keeps being the corresponding sterile line A of B with holding being that black B hybridizes and produces sterile line black A, the black seed coat gene containing heterozygosis with three systems；(3)
Hybridize with the glutinous R of restorer giant embryo production 1 generation of hybrid F seed " miscellaneous F1 " with sterile line black A, at the same the skin of black race containing heterozygosis, giant embryo and
Glutinous gene；(4) F-1 hybrids seed " miscellaneous F1 " is i.e. as production kind.
Application publication number is that the application for a patent for invention of CN102630557A discloses a kind of functional formula rice variety
Selection；The invention selects the upper rice varieties that popularizing area is larger and quality is good of production to make recurrent parent, respectively with black rice
In rice, purple rice rice, red rice rice, glutinous rice, giant embryo rice hybridization, offspring and recurrent parent mostly generation, are returned, breeding economical character and circulation parent
This is close, and be respectively provided with black rice, purple rice, red rice, glutinous rice, giant embryo rice character near isogenic lines strain, mix by a certain percentage
Close the production kind into formula rice.
But regrettably, the natural anthocyanidin of so-called colorful rice etc. generally exists only in kind of skin, that is, daily
Edible is all brown rice rich in anthocyanidin, its mouthfeel and cooking property are all poor thus.
In daily life, what people ate is all highed milled rice, predominantly endosperm, and is free of anthocyanidin；I.e. paddy carries out essence
Processing grinding is removed after kind of a skin (bran chaff) becomes polished rice, just substantially completely lose the nutrition such as the anthocyanidin that kind of skin contains at
Point.Therefore, as can carrying out functional fortification in highed milled rice generates anthocyanidin, then it can solve the above problem, increase
The nutritional quality and economic value of polished rice.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the academy of sciences of China academician Liu Yao light seminar takes the lead in losing by the rice of mediated by agriculture bacillus
Conversion is passed, anthocyanidin is realized in japonica rice (ZH11) and long-grained nonglutinous rice (HG1) in the special synthesis of endosperm, create has height for the first time
The transgenosis black endosperm rice " amethyst rice " of antioxidant activity.Regrettably, under current background, transgenosis black endosperm water
The commercialization of rice " amethyst rice " is difficult.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of selection of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm, this method breeding is obtained
Rice not only have the advantages that light yellow epidermis, black endosperm, high Starch-lipid complex content and high anthocyanidin content,
And it is natural high can to develop black rice noodles etc. without using food color in edible endosperm fraction effective expression for anthocyanidin
Anthocyanidin product especially meets people to natural food, safe and healthy general requirements.
Specific technical solution is as follows:
A kind of selection of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm, comprising:
(1) with the rice rich in Starch-lipid complex for parent A, the rice with Black seed coat is parent B, with parent
This B is female parent, is hybridized with parent A, and F is obtained1For seed；
(2) F is planted1In generation, is returned with parent A, obtains BC1F1Generation；
(3) BC is planted1F1Generation, selfing obtain the BC of Black seed coat1F2Generation；
(4) BC is planted1F2Generation, selfing harvest BC using Black seed coat, crude fat content as screening index1F3Generation；
(5) BC is planted1F3Generation, selfing, with buff seed coat, black endosperm, crude fat content >=2% and 70% or more with
Starch-lipid complex form exists for screening index, harvests BC1F4Generation；
(6) BC is planted1F4Generation and BC1F5Generation, selfing, with buff seed coat, black endosperm, crude fat content >=2% and
70% or more, using the presence of Starch-lipid complex form and yield and economical character as screening index, harvests BC1F6Generation；
(7) BC is planted1F6Generation, selfing, with buff seed coat, black endosperm, crude fat content >=2% and 70% or more with
The presence of Starch-lipid complex form, anthocyanidin content and yield and economical character are screening index, and harvest black endosperm is high
Anthocyanidin rice.
Wherein, crude fat described above refers to the fat in endosperm in conjunction with starch and the two classes fat in conjunction with non-starch
Total content, Starch-lipid complex refers to the compound that fat is combined together to form with starch, that is, in conjunction with starch
Fat；The content of crude fat and the content of Starch-lipid complex are on the basis of the quality of polished rice.
Cyanine prime system bioflavonoids in rice have extraordinary dissolution characteristic of accumulation in oily (fat).
Fat includes two classes of the fat and non-starch bound fat in conjunction with starch in rice.Anthocyanidin in rice will be in endosperm
It effectively accumulates and is still saved in rice food, it is crucial that anthocyanidin, which forms accumulation with Starch-lipid complex approach,.This hair
The bright liposoluble characteristic for having fully considered anthocyanidin can have using anthocyanidin under high starch and fatty complex form in endosperm
Effect accumulation, provides a kind of selection of high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm, is the high anthocyanidin health care rice breeding of non-transgenic
And its it utilizes and lays the foundation.
Preferably, crude fat content >=2% of the parent A and 70% or more being deposited with Starch-lipid complex form
?.
Preferably, the parent A is ZDR-hal-01.
ZDR-hal-01 is that Zhejiang University's atomic nucleus Institute of agricultural sciences and Haining Kang Rui Biotechnology Co., Ltd close
The specific use rice for making breeding is purchased from Zhejiang University's atomic nucleus Institute of agricultural sciences.The rice fat content is high
(2.3%), and 80% fat exists in the form of Starch-lipid complex, rice kind skin be it is normal light yellow, endosperm is
Normal white is substantially free of anthocyanidin.
Preferably, the parent B is the black treasure of Zhejiang University.
The black treasure of Zhejiang University is the extraordinary black glutinous rice rice of Zhejiang University's atomic nucleus Institute of agricultural sciences breeding, is purchased from this
Institute.The rice seed skin is black, and endosperm is normal white, is substantially free of anthocyanidin, and fat content is low (0.2%), and fat is main
Non-starch-fat complex form exists.
The black precious hybridization combo of ZDR-hal-01, Zhejiang University is selected, the high anthocyanidin rice of the black endosperm of breeding, is normal pale yellow
Color kind skin, black endosperm, high Starch-lipid complex and high anthocyanidin content efficient combination, anthocyanidin is rich in, and daily
It is expressed in edible endosperm.
Preferably, in step (4), in terms of the quality of polished rice, crude fat content >=2%.
Preferably, in step (8), on the basis of polished rice dry weight, the anthocyanidin content >=0.5mg/gdw.
Preferably, in step (6)~(8), yield >=400 kg/acre.
Preferably, the economical character includes the time of infertility, plant height, tiller, spike length, every fringe in step (6)~(8)
Grain number, setting percentage and mass of 1000 kernel.
It is further preferred that the time of infertility is 125~135 days, the 100~110cm of plant height, setting percentage >=90%, thousand
Weigh 24~26g.
The kind of breeding of the present invention due to being 4-5 times of common rice kind with very high fat content (2%),
Yield is affected to a certain extent, it is described that yield >=400 kg/acre are controlled in screening process.
On economical character, since the time that Starch-lipid complex (starch fat) is formed and accumulated is longer, Yi Jisui
Pigment is formed afterwards and accumulation is all in the later period of kernel grouting maturation, so the time of infertility of Cultivars cannot be (130 days too long
Left and right), in case later period low temperature and adverse weather influence grouting maturation.Plant height answers moderate (105 centimetres or so) resistant to lodging, Yi Mianying
Ring full seed；Tiller is medium, fringe size claims, and general fringe is not easy that too long, number of grain per ear is medium, to ensure that grain quality is equal
Even, ripe degree is consistent；Setting percentage is high, 90% or more；Mass of 1000 kernel is moderate (25 grams or so), in order to avoid excessive too small influence accumulation and production
Amount.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) the high anthocyanidin rice of the black endosperm of breeding of the present invention not only has light yellow epidermis, black endosperm, Gao Dian
The advantages of powder-fat complex content and high anthocyanidin content, and anthocyanidin is not necessarily to benefit in edible endosperm fraction effective expression
The natural high anthocyanidin product such as black rice noodles can be developed with food color, especially meet people to natural food, safety,
The general requirements of health.
(2) present invention has fully considered the liposoluble of anthocyanidin using the strategy being returned with high Starch-lipid complex parent
Characteristic ensures the selection percentage of high Starch-lipid complex and high anthocyanidin.
Specific embodiment
1, breeding material:
(1) parent A is ZDR-hal-01.ZDR-hal-01 is that Zhejiang University and Haining Kang Rui Biotechnology Co., Ltd close
The specific use rice for making breeding is purchased from Zhejiang University's atomic nucleus Institute of agricultural sciences.The fat content of the rice is up to
2.3%, and fat mainly exists in the form of Starch-lipid complex, for rice kind skin to be normal light yellow, endosperm is normal
White, is substantially free of anthocyanidin, and content is extremely low.
(2) parent B is the black treasure of Zhejiang University.The black treasure of Zhejiang University is the special black of Zhejiang University's atomic nucleus Institute of agricultural sciences breeding
Glutinous rice rice is purchased from the institute.The rice seed skin is black, and endosperm is normal white, is substantially free of anthocyanidin, fat content
Low, fat mainly exists in the form of non-starch-fat complex.
2, determination of fat
The determination of fat is referring to measurement (GB 5009.6-2016) fatty in national standard-food；Starch-lipid is multiple
Zoarium by measurement starch total lipid content, referring to the total fat test of national standard-starch (GB/T 22427.3-2008) into
Row detection.
3, the Breeding Process of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm are as follows:
In (1) 2013 year spring, Hainan Lingshui is black precious for parent B with Zhejiang University, makees female parent, miscellaneous with parent A (ZDR-hal-01)
It hands over, obtains F1(the black treasure/ZDR-hal-01 of Zhejiang University) is for 9, seed；
(2) 2013 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou plant F1(the black treasure/ZDR-hal-01 of Zhejiang University) for 9 plants of plant, with parent A
(ZDR-hal-01) it is returned for parent, obtains BC1F1(the black treasure/ZDR-hal-01//ZDR-hal-01 of Zhejiang University) is for plant 11
Strain；
(3) 2014 year spring, Hainan Lingshui, plantation backcrossing BC1F1(the black treasure/ZDR-hal-01//ZDR-hal-01 of Zhejiang University)
11 plants of generation, selfing obtain the BC of all black of kernel seed coat colour1F2For seed；
(4) 2014 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou, by single-strain planting BC1F2Generation, selfing harvest BC1F3Generation, due to kind of a skin face
For color by maternal inheritance, single plant 1521 that kind of skin is black are selected and remain in first shelling when harvest, then measure crude fat content, select and remain rouge
The single plant of fat content >=2% 219；
BC is planted in (5) 2015 year spring, Hainan Lingshui1F3Generation, selfing harvest BC1F4In generation, first kind is selected and remain in shelling when harvest
Skin is single plant 46 that normal light yellow, endosperm is black, then measurement crude fat content and Starch-lipid complex contain respectively
Amount, selects and remain fat content >=2% and 70% or more with black endosperm single plant 39 existing for Starch-lipid complex；
(6) 2015 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou plant BC1F4Generation, selfing harvest BC1F5In generation, is carrying out normal pale yellow color
Kind skin, black endosperm, (fat content >=2% and 70% or more is with Starch-lipid complex form for high Starch-lipid complex
In the presence of) continuous selection while, obtain yield, ripe phase and disease resistance and take into account good elite plant strain 9 of economical character；
(7) 2016 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou plant BC1F5Generation, selfing harvest BC1F6In generation, is carrying out normal pale yellow color
Kind skin, black endosperm, (fat content >=2% and 70% or more is with Starch-lipid complex form for high Starch-lipid complex
In the presence of) continuous selection while, obtain yield, ripe phase and disease resistance and take into account good elite plant strain 5 of economical character；
(8) 2017 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou plant BC1F6Generation, selfing, detection anthocyanidin content, breeding black endosperm,
High Starch-lipid complex (fat content >=2% and 70% or more is with the presence of Starch-lipid complex form), high anthocyanidin
1, the sizing rice of (content >=0.5mg/g dw) is to get arriving the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm.
Some characteristic index records are as shown in table 1 in each generation.
Situation table is recorded in the screening of each generation character determination of table 1
The main index of sizing rice of the present embodiment breeding: normal pale yellow color kind skin, black endosperm, high Starch-lipid
The efficient combination of complex and high anthocyanidin content has effectively polymerize the merit of two parents, anthocyanidin content in endosperm
For 0.53mg/gdw.And parent A (ZDR-hal-01) kind skin be it is normal light yellow, endosperm is normal white, and crude fat contains
Amount 2.3%, and 70% fat exists in the form of Starch-lipid complex, anthocyanidin is extremely low (0.07mg/g) in polished rice；Parent
This B (the black treasure of Zhejiang University) kind skin is black, and endosperm is normal white, and anthocyanidin is extremely low (0.03mg/g), fat content 0.2%.
It is determined after above-mentioned screening obtains approved product, and to its a variety of nutritive index, approved product and its parent
This index determining is shown in Table 2.
The measuring method of each index is as follows in table 2: lipid: GB/T5009.6-2003；Amylose: GB/T
15683-2008；Anthocyanidin: GB/T 22244-2008；Vitamin A: GB/T5009.82-2003；Vitamin B1: GB/
T5009.84-2003；Vitamin B2: GB/T5009.85-2003；Vitamin E: GB/T5009.82-2003；Calcium: GB/
T5009.92-2003；Iron: GB/T5009.90-2003；Zinc: GB/T5009.14-2003.
Table 2ZDR-hal-01, black precious and approved product the main nutrient composition of Zhejiang University compare
By the data in table 2 it is found that in approved product, in nutritional ingredient, approved product polymerize 2 parents the advantages of,
Rich in fat, anthocyanidin, amylose.The content of VA is higher than parent.The yield of sizing rice is 412 kgs/acre.
Therefore, this sizing rice not only has good anti-oxidation function because being rich in anthocyanidin than parent product, straight chain
Starch is high and rich in fat, not only with deep processed products such as rice noodles but also can have much flavor, be conducive to product upgrading synergy.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of selection of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm characterized by comprising
(1) with the rice rich in Starch-lipid complex for parent A, the rice with Black seed coat is parent B, is with parent B
Female parent hybridizes with parent A, obtains F1For seed；
(2) F is planted1In generation, is returned with parent A, obtains BC1F1Generation；
(3) BC is planted1F1Generation, selfing obtain the BC of Black seed coat1F2Generation；
(4) BC is planted1F2Generation, selfing harvest BC using Black seed coat, crude fat content as screening index1F3Generation；
(5) BC is planted1F3Generation, selfing, with buff seed coat, black endosperm, crude fat content >=2% and 70% or more with starch-
Fatty complex form exists for screening index, harvests BC1F4Generation；
(6) BC is planted1F4Generation and BC1F5Generation, selfing, with buff seed coat, black endosperm, crude fat content >=2% and 70% with
On exist using Starch-lipid complex form and yield and economical character is screening index, harvest BC1F6Generation；
(7) BC is planted1F6Generation, selfing, with buff seed coat, black endosperm, crude fat content >=2% and 70% or more with starch-
Fatty complex form presence, anthocyanidin content and yield and economical character are screening index, harvest the high cyanine of black endosperm
Plain rice.
2. the selection of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the parent A
Crude fat content >=2% and 70% or more with Starch-lipid complex form presence.
3. the selection of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the parent
A is ZDR-hal-01.
4. the selection of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the parent
B is the black treasure of Zhejiang University.
5. the selection of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4),
In terms of the quality of polished rice, crude fat content >=2%.
6. the selection of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (8),
On the basis of polished rice dry weight, the anthocyanidin content >=0.5mg/g dw.
7. the selection of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (6)~
(8) in, yield >=400 kg/acre.
8. the selection of the high anthocyanidin rice of black endosperm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (6)~
(8) in, the economical character includes the time of infertility, plant height, tiller, spike length, number of grain per ear, setting percentage and mass of 1000 kernel.
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| CN109042289B (en) | 2021-08-03 |
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