CN109037731B - Liquid-cooled module for heat transfer and temperature equalization of high-power fuel cell - Google Patents
Liquid-cooled module for heat transfer and temperature equalization of high-power fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN109037731B CN109037731B CN201810662690.5A CN201810662690A CN109037731B CN 109037731 B CN109037731 B CN 109037731B CN 201810662690 A CN201810662690 A CN 201810662690A CN 109037731 B CN109037731 B CN 109037731B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The utility model discloses a liquid-cooled module for heat transfer and temperature equalization of a high-power fuel cell; the device mainly comprises a fuel cell stack, a cooling liquid flow passage, an ultrathin temperature equalizing plate, a liquid storage tank, a circulating liquid pump and a heating device; the liquid storage tank, the circulating liquid pump and the heating device are sequentially connected in series through a cooling liquid flow passage to form a heat transfer uniform temperature circulating loop; the cooling liquid flow passage passes through the condensation ends of the ultrathin temperature equalization plates of the fuel cell stacks which are arranged at intervals; the two sides of the membrane electrode are respectively provided with an ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate, and a plurality of membrane electrodes and the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plates are alternately arranged; the cavity body of the ultrathin temperature equalizing plate is arranged in the shell, at least one end of the shell extends out of the shell, and a liquid suction core and a working medium are arranged in the cavity; the upper surface or the lower surface of the shell is respectively provided with an air flow passage or a hydrogen flow passage. The working medium of the utility model transfers heat to the condensing section of the ultrathin temperature equalizing plate, and takes away the heat through the cooling liquid, thereby achieving the effect of temperature equalizing and heat dissipation of the electric pile and always keeping the electric pile working at good temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a liquid-cooled independent unit module system for heat transfer and temperature equalization of a high-current density fuel cell.
Background
The fuel cell is called a fourth continuous power generation mode which can continuously generate electric power after water power, thermal power and nuclear power, has a plurality of technical advantages which are difficult to compare with the traditional thermal power generation, does not undergo the thermal engine Kano cycle process, directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, drives a vehicle through a motor, and has the efficiency of only 30% -40% when the internal combustion engine drives the generator; the fuel cell has the advantages of reducing pollution emission, and realizing zero pollution for the hydrogen fuel cell by only water as a power generation product, wherein the efficiency of the fuel cell can reach 50-60%. Therefore, the fuel cell power plant has extremely outstanding advantages in both environmental protection and energy conservation. The PEMFC has the advantages of being simple in structure, quick in starting and working at normal temperature, and is most suitable for providing pollution-free power supply for vehicles such as automobiles because the PEMFC adopts a polymer film as electrolyte. The heat dissipation of the PEMFC fuel cell is a major factor affecting the performance, life and operation safety of the fuel cell, and is one of the important points in the development of the next-generation fuel cell technology.
While the chemical reaction of the PEMFC is carried out to generate electric energy, part of the chemical energy is converted into heat, and when the electric pile outputs electric energy to the outside, polarized heat, ohmic heat and the like are generated in the electric pile, wherein 40% -50% of the heat energy is dissipated to generate heat energy, and the heat energy is accumulated in the electric pile of the PEMFC to continuously raise the temperature of the electric pile. The influence of temperature on PEMFC performance is very apparent, PEMFC constantly produces heat in operation, if not in time discharge unnecessary heat, its inside will rise gradually, the temperature rises, be favorable to improving electrochemical reaction speed and proton's transmission rate in the electrolyte membrane, obtain bigger electric current, battery performance is better, but the too high temperature will make proton exchange membrane dehydration, do not satisfy the moist condition of membrane, its conductivity decline, battery performance is variation, when the temperature is close 100 ℃, because PEMFC adopts polymer electrolyte, proton membrane's intensity will decline, at this moment, if not in time cooling down, the micropore can appear in the membrane for hydrogen gets into air system, endanger operation safety, and if the temperature in the battery module reaches the boiling point of water, the water in the battery module is gaseous, be unfavorable for maintaining necessary moist moisture in the membrane electrode. When the internal temperature of the battery is too low, the output voltage will decrease, deteriorating the overall performance of the battery pack. Therefore, the temperature for maintaining the normal electrochemical reaction in the PEMFC should be kept at 60-80 ℃, and the temperatures of all parts in the electric pile are required to be basically consistent so as to ensure the working performance of the electric pile.
The current density was 0.7A/cm 2 The following fuel cells adopt an air cooling mode, so that the cooling and heat dissipation requirements can be basically met; cooling to 0.7A/cm 2 The high-current density fuel cell needs to be cooled by adopting a liquid cooling mode so as to meet the heat dissipation requirement of high current density. The conventional fuel cell cooling modes include cooling liquid circulation heat rejection, air cooling, liquid evaporation cooling, air cooling and evaporation cooling. Such systems require fans, pumps, heat exchangers, heaters, piping and tubingOther accessories make the structure too bulky and complex, and it also increases the investment of the system. The existing conventional heat sink apparatus and cooling method are certainly not the best option for cooling the fuel cell.
At present, most high-current density electric pile is basically cooled by using traditional cooling liquid (such as cooling water) which directly enters the electric pile through a cooling plate, the cooling water flow resistance is high in the cooling mode, the cooling is not beneficial, the power of a circulating liquid pump is high, and the net output power of a fuel cell is greatly consumed.
Chinese patent No. CN203812974U discloses a heat management structure of an array heat pipe type proton exchange membrane fuel cell, chinese patent No. CN103715441a discloses a heat management method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell based on phase change heat transfer of an array heat pipe, but the prior art has the following problems:
1. each fuel cell unit is made very thin, with each bipolar plate having a thickness of about 1 to 3mm, based on fuel cell power and size considerations. However, in the prior art, a copper working plate is inserted into each battery cell, and a common circular heat pipe is installed in the working plate to achieve the heat dissipation purpose, so that the overall size of the electric pile is greatly increased.
2. The heat pipe in the prior art adopts the common round pipe, the contact area between the common round heat pipe and the working plate is small, the heat exchange efficiency is low, a large amount of heat can not be timely discharged from the inside of the fuel cell, and the normal operation of the electric pile is seriously affected.
3. In the prior art, the heat pipes are independently radiating, each heat pipe cannot be kept at the same temperature, and certain distance exists between the heat pipes, so that uneven temperature distribution on the bipolar plate surface can be caused, the temperature gradient is large, the working condition of the electric pile is affected, and the service life of the electric pile can be seriously damaged.
4. The evaporating end and the condensing end of the heat pipe in the prior art form an angle of 90-120 degrees, so that the flow resistance of working medium in the heat pipe can be increased, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat pipe is seriously affected, and the feasibility is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a device for ensuring the balanced operation of the fuel cell with the current density of 0.7A/cm, which has small volume and high heat exchange efficiency 2 The liquid cooling module for heat transfer and temperature equalization of the high-power fuel cell.
The utility model integrates the functions of an ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate and a common fuel cell bipolar plate together, designs the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate with a composite surface function, and is a special bipolar plate; the middle of the temperature equalizing plate is an evaporation end which is used as a bipolar plate of a galvanic pile, so that the temperature equalizing plate can separate reactive gases, guide the reactive gases into a fuel cell through a flow field, and collect and conduct current; and the heat flow collected on the surface of the bipolar plate is rapidly diffused to the large-area condensing surface, so that the heat dissipation is promoted, the heat flow density on the surface of the bipolar plate is reduced, and the effect of uniform temperature heat dissipation is achieved. The utility model uses the excellent heat conductivity of the temperature equalizing plate and the reversibility of the heat flow direction to transfer the heat generated by the fuel cell during operation or the heat required to be heated and preserved at low temperature through the temperature equalizing plate, thereby achieving the effect of the temperature equalizing and heat dissipation of the electric pile and enabling the electric pile to always operate under good working conditions. The utility model can not only effectively solve the problem of low-temperature starting of the fuel cell, but also timely discharge a large amount of heat generated by the high-power electric pile, thereby greatly improving the working performance and the service life of the fuel cell.
Compared with the conventional heat pipe, the ultrathin temperature equalizing plate is a two-dimensional flat plate for heat dissipation, has larger evaporation area and heat dissipation area, is suitable for use environments with light weight, compactness and larger heat dissipation area, and is beneficial to equalizing the temperature of a point heat source to an evaporation substrate with a large area; as the ultra-thin Wen Banhou DEG and volume are greatly reduced, the ultra-thin Wen Banhou DEG and volume are integrated with the bipolar plate of the fuel cell, the size of the fuel cell is greatly reduced, and the structure of the fuel cell system is simpler.
The cooling water pipeline is also designed in an individualized way aiming at the arrangement mode of the temperature equalization plates, a plurality of layers of partition plates are arranged in the pipeline, and the ultrathin temperature equalization plates are correspondingly arranged at intervals, so that each battery unit can be independently and thermally controlled, and if one single battery is too high (or too low) in the working process, the temperature of the battery unit can be regulated by controlling the flow of cooling water in the partition layer of the cooling pipeline where the single battery is positioned, so that the optimal working condition is achieved.
The utility model aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
the liquid cooling module for heat transfer and temperature equalization of the high-power fuel cell mainly comprises a fuel cell stack, a cooling liquid flow channel, an ultrathin temperature equalization plate, a liquid storage tank, a circulating liquid pump and a heating device; the heating device is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the cooling liquid flow channel; the liquid storage tank, the circulating liquid pump and the heating device are sequentially connected in series through a cooling liquid flow passage to form a heat transfer uniform temperature circulating loop; the cooling liquid flow passage passes through the condensation ends of the ultrathin temperature equalization plates of the fuel cell stacks which are arranged at intervals;
the fuel cell stack comprises an end cover, a membrane electrode and an ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate, wherein the two sides of the membrane electrode are respectively provided with the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plates, a plurality of membrane electrodes and the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plates are alternately arranged, and the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate at the outermost layer is connected with the end cover; the ultrathin temperature equalization plate comprises a shell, a cavity, a liquid suction core and a working medium; the cavity body is arranged in the shell, at least extends out of the shell from one end of the shell, and a liquid suction core and a working medium are arranged in the cavity; an air flow channel or a hydrogen flow channel is respectively arranged on the upper surface or the lower surface of the shell; the air flow channel or the hydrogen flow channel is respectively connected with the upper surface or the lower surface of the membrane electrode; the shell and a cavity body part connected with the shell form an ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate evaporation end, and the cavity body extends out of the shell to form an ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate condensation end; the total thickness of the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate is not more than 2mm.
Preferably, the cavity extends from both ends of the housing.
Preferably, the cooling liquid flow channel arranged in the fuel cell stack is made into a rectangular structure, a plurality of baffle layers are arranged in the rectangular structure, the condensation end of each ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate is arranged in one rectangular structure of the cooling liquid flow channel, and the part of the cooling liquid flow channel outside the condensation end of the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate is a circular pipeline.
Preferably, the working medium is selected from one or more of acetone, ethanol and deionized water.
Preferably, the wick is made of fiberglass, sintered metal particles, wire mesh or ultra-light porous foam metal. The sintered metal particles are preferably pure copper powder having a particle diameter of 200 mesh or less.
Preferably, the shell is made of red copper or copper alloy.
Preferably, the circulating liquid pump is a CRS25-10 type circulating liquid pump.
Preferably, the heating device is a PTC heating device or an electrothermal film heating device.
Preferably, the cooling liquid flow channel is made of PE; the membrane electrode is an MEA membrane electrode.
The utility model designs an ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate with a novel two-dimensional heat transfer and temperature equalizing composite surface function, which is different from a common heat pipe, and has the functions of heat dissipation and temperature equalization of the temperature-equalizing plate and the functions of separation of reaction gas, flow guiding and current conduction of a bipolar plate. The middle of the temperature equalizing plate is an evaporation end, and meanwhile, the temperature equalizing plate is used as a bipolar plate of a galvanic pile, hot spots generated on the surface of the bipolar plate are rapidly transferred and spread to a large-area condensing surface, so that the heat flow density of the surface of the bipolar plate is reduced, heat is taken away by using cooling water, and the effect of maintaining the temperature equalizing is realized while the temperature is reduced.
The cooling water pipeline is designed in an individualized way aiming at the arrangement mode of the temperature equalizing plates, the temperature equalizing plates are correspondingly arranged in the pipeline at intervals of layers respectively by the multi-layer partition plates, each battery unit can be subjected to independent heat control, and if one single battery is too high (or too low) in the working process, the temperature of the battery unit can be regulated by controlling the flow of cooling water in the partition layer of the cooling pipeline where the single battery is positioned, so that the optimal working condition is achieved, and the temperature equalizing effect is further realized.
According to the utility model, the heating device is added in the cooling water pipeline, when the electric pile is in a low-temperature environment, the heating device can heat cooling water, and the cooling water transfers heat to the fuel cell unit through the temperature equalizing plate to heat the electric pile, so that the battery is successfully started at a low temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1. the core heat transfer temperature equalization component adopted by the utility model is an ultrathin temperature equalization plate with a composite surface function, and is different from the existing modes of air cooling, direct liquid cooling and the like. Each temperature equalizing plate is an independent heat transfer unit, and the damage of one temperature equalizing plate does not affect the normal use of other temperature equalizing plates, so that the heat exchange performance is more stable and reliable. The temperature equalizing plate has the advantages of large heat exchange area, high heat transfer efficiency, and the circulation of the working medium depends on the gravity action of the reflux liquid, and no mechanical operation part is needed, so that the reliability of the equipment is improved, the power consumption is reduced, and the output performance of the fuel cell is greatly improved.
2. The utility model uses the reversibility of the temperature equalizing plate to keep the fuel cell stack warm in cold weather (such as northern part with the temperature of minus 30 ℃ or even lower) in winter (if the humid gas in the fuel cell stack is frozen, the membrane component of the fuel cell stack can be damaged, the performance of the fuel cell stack is attenuated, the electric stack is invalid, and safety problems such as explosion can occur in serious conditions). When the fuel cell is started at low temperature, the heating device arranged in the cooling liquid pipe heats cooling liquid, the pump drives the cooling liquid to circularly heat the condensing end of the temperature equalizing plate, heat is quickly transferred into the fuel cell unit by utilizing the reversibility of the temperature equalizing plate to heat the electric pile, and the cell is successfully started at low temperature, so that the low-temperature environmental adaptability and the working life of the fuel cell are improved; when the temperature of the fuel cell is too high, heat is transferred from the outer wall surface of the evaporation section (bipolar plate) of the temperature equalization plate to the inner wall surface and the liquid suction core, and finally transferred to the condensation section of the temperature equalization plate outside the fuel cell stack through the working medium inside the temperature equalization plate, and then the heat is taken away through cooling water, so that the effect of heat dissipation of the temperature equalization of the stack is achieved, and the operation of the stack at the optimal temperature is always kept.
3. The ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate in the fuel cell system developed by the utility model replaces the traditional cooling channel plate, and meanwhile, the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate is integrated with the bipolar plate of the fuel cell to prepare the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate with a composite surface function. The evaporation end of the temperature equalizing plate has the function of a bipolar plate and plays a role in diversion. Meanwhile, the whole temperature equalizing plate has the effect of temperature equalizing and heat dissipation, heat needing to be dissipated when the fuel cell is at high temperature and heat needing to be heated when the fuel cell is at low temperature are transferred through the temperature equalizing plate, the traditional method that the fuel cell can be cooled or heated only through fluid passing through the fuel cell is avoided, the effect of rapidly heating (cooling) the heat inside the fuel cell is achieved, and meanwhile, the structure of the fuel cell system is simpler and more compact.
4. Compared with the conventional heat pipe, the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate is two-dimensional plane heat dissipation, has larger evaporation and heat dissipation area, is suitable for use environments with compact structures and larger heat dissipation area, is beneficial to equalizing the temperature of point heat sources to the evaporation substrate with large area, and reduces the heat flow density on the surface of the bipolar plate. As the ultra-thin temperature-equalizing plate is greatly reduced in the temperature and volume of Wen Banhou DEG, the ultra-thin temperature-equalizing plate can be assembled and matched with the heat sink of the matched heat dissipating equipment more flexibly, and the structural form of the heat dissipating device is more diversified. The ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate can flexibly change the heat dissipation surface area and more effectively equalize the temperature of local overheat high-temperature (low-temperature) points.
5. The cooling liquid pipeline is designed according to the arrangement mode of the temperature equalization plates, a plurality of layers of partition plates are arranged in the cooling liquid pipeline, each layer of ultrathin temperature equalization plates are correspondingly arranged, each battery unit is subjected to independent heat control, and if one single battery is too high (or too low) in the working process, the temperature of the battery unit can be regulated by controlling the flow of cooling water in the partition layer of the cooling pipeline where the single battery is positioned, so that the optimal working condition is achieved.
6. The utility model applies the temperature equalization plate with extremely strong heat transfer capability to the fuel cell thermal management system, thereby not only effectively solving the heat dissipation problem, but also ensuring that the cell has compact structure and reduced cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid-cooled module for high power fuel cell heat transfer and equalization.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the fuel cell stack of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a front view of fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of a coolant tube and a temperature plate installation.
Fig. 5 is a top view of an ultra-thin isopipe.
Fig. 6 is an exploded view of a fuel cell stack.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the assembly of an ultra-thin temperature equalization plate and a membrane electrode.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an ultra-thin temperature equalization plate structure.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an ultra-thin uniform temperature plate.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a coolant conduit structure.
FIG. 11 is a front view of a coolant tube.
The figure shows: the fuel cell stack 1, the end cover 1-1, the membrane electrode 1-2, the cooling liquid flow channel 2, the flow channel partition plate 2-1, the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate 3, the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate evaporation end 3-1, the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate condensation end 3-2, the liquid suction core 3-3, the air flow channel 3-4, the hydrogen flow channel 3-5, the liquid storage tank 4, the circulating liquid pump 5 and the heating device 6.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present utility model, the present utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1-6, a liquid-cooled module for heat transfer and temperature equalization of a high-power fuel cell mainly comprises a fuel cell stack 1, a cooling liquid flow channel 2, an ultrathin temperature equalization plate 3, a liquid storage tank 4, a circulating liquid pump 5 and a heating device 6; the heating device 6 is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the cooling liquid flow channel 2, and the liquid storage tank 4, the circulating liquid pump 5 and the heating device 6 are sequentially connected in series through the cooling liquid flow channel 2 to form a heat transfer uniform temperature circulation loop; the coolant flow channels 2 pass through the condensing ends of the ultrathin temperature equalization plates 3 of the plurality of the fuel cell stacks 1 arranged at intervals.
As shown in fig. 6, 7, 8 and 9, the fuel cell stack 1 comprises an end cover 1-1, a membrane electrode 1-2 and an ultrathin temperature equalizing plate 3, wherein the membrane electrode 1-2 is preferably an MEA membrane electrode; the two sides of the membrane electrode 1-2 are respectively provided with an ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate 3, a plurality of membrane electrodes 1-2 and the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plates 3 are alternately arranged, and the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate 3 at the outermost layer is connected with the end cover 1-1; the ultrathin temperature equalization plate 3 comprises a shell, a cavity, a liquid suction core 3-3 and a working medium; the cavity is arranged in the shell and extends out of at least one end of the shell, and preferably extends out of two ends of the shell; the cavity is provided with a liquid suction core 3-3 and working medium; the upper surface or the lower surface of the shell is respectively provided with an air flow channel 3-4 or a hydrogen flow channel 3-5; the air flow channel 3-4 or the hydrogen flow channel 3-5 is respectively connected with the upper surface or the lower surface of the membrane electrode 1-2; the shell and the cavity part connected with the shell form an ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate evaporation end 3-1, and the cavity part extends out of the shell to form an ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate condensation end 3-2. The overall thickness of the ultra-thin samming board 3 is not more than 2mm.
The working medium is one or more of acetone, ethanol and deionized water. The working medium has good comprehensive physical properties; the normal working range of the application occasions is generally-20-120 ℃, and the melting point, the boiling point and the critical point of the working medium can work well in the working temperature range.
The housing is preferably made of red copper or copper alloy; the red copper is corrosion-resistant, has relatively soft texture, and can be processed and cut.
The wick 3-3 is preferably made of fiberglass, sintered metal particles, wire mesh or ultra-light porous foam metal; wherein the ultra-light porous foam metal can obviously strengthen the heat transfer performance of the temperature equalization plate, has excellent temperature equalization performance, expands the capacity of the temperature equalization plate for bearing high heat flux density and can reach 200W/cm 2 The heat resistance of the temperature equalizing plate is reduced, and the minimum heat resistance can reach 0.025 ℃/W.
The evaporation end 3-1 of the ultrathin temperature equalization plate is a bipolar plate. The two end surfaces of the evaporation end 3 of the ultrathin temperature equalizing plate are provided with straight reaction gas flow passages, so that the bipolar plate has the functions of separating reaction gas, guiding and collecting current, and plays a role of the bipolar plate. The ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate transfers heat by means of phase change of a working medium, and the working medium is suitable for a working temperature area of the temperature-equalizing plate and has proper saturated vapor pressure; the working medium is compatible with the shell material and has good thermal stability.
The circulating liquid pump 5 adopts a CRS25-10 type circulating liquid pump, the maximum power can reach 220W, the maximum flow rate can reach 80L/min, the noise of the circulating liquid pump of the model is low, the speed is regulated by three gears, the flow rate of the liquid pump can be regulated according to the actual needs, and the electric pile always keeps high-efficiency normal work
The heating device 6 is a PTC heating or electrothermal film heating device; the highest temperature of the PTC device or the electrothermal film heating device is not higher than 80 ℃, and the heating device has the advantages of high heating efficiency, rapid heating, wide voltage application range, convenient design, capability of being randomly designed from small power to large power, capability of being designed according to the requirements, and the like, and the heating device can rapidly heat the fuel cell stack 1, thereby achieving the purpose of low-temperature starting of the fuel cell.
As shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, flat reaction gas flow channels are uniformly formed on two end surfaces of the evaporation end 3-1 of the ultra-thin temperature equalization plate, and the evaporation end 3-1 of the ultra-thin temperature equalization plate has the function of a bipolar plate and is arranged in a galvanic pile, so that the system structure is simplified and the size of a fuel cell is reduced.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the material of the cooling liquid flow channel 2 is PE, the cooling liquid flow channel 2 is made into a rectangular structure at the heat exchange part with the fuel cell stack 1, a plurality of baffle layers 2-1 are arranged in the rectangular structure, each baffle layer 2-1 corresponds to an ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate condensation end 3-2, each ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate condensation end 3-2 is arranged in a rectangular structure of the cooling liquid flow channel 2, thus, each cell unit can be independently thermally controlled, and the part of the cooling liquid flow channel 2 outside the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate condensation ends 3-2 is preferably a common circular pipeline. The PE material has strong corrosion resistance, long service life, good connectivity and plasticity and lighter weight.
The above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model and are not limiting on the embodiments of the present utility model. Various modifications or alterations may also be made by those skilled in the art based on the foregoing description. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which are within the spirit and principle of the present utility model are included in the protection scope of the present utility model as set forth in the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The liquid cooling module for heat transfer and temperature equalization of the high-power fuel cell is characterized by mainly comprising a fuel cell stack, a cooling liquid flow passage, an ultrathin temperature equalization plate, a liquid storage tank, a circulating liquid pump and a heating device; the heating device is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the cooling liquid flow channel; the liquid storage tank, the circulating liquid pump and the heating device are sequentially connected in series through a cooling liquid flow passage to form a heat transfer uniform temperature circulating loop; the cooling liquid flow passage passes through the condensation ends of the ultrathin temperature equalization plates of the fuel cell stacks which are arranged at intervals;
the fuel cell stack comprises an end cover, a membrane electrode and an ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate, wherein the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plates are respectively arranged at two sides of the membrane electrode, and a plurality of membrane electrodes and the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plates are alternately arranged; the ultrathin temperature equalization plate comprises a shell, a cavity, a liquid suction core and a working medium; the cavity body is arranged in the shell, at least extends out of the shell from one end of the shell, and a liquid suction core and a working medium are arranged in the cavity; an air flow channel or a hydrogen flow channel is respectively arranged on the upper surface or the lower surface of the shell; the air flow channel or the hydrogen flow channel is respectively connected with the upper surface or the lower surface of the membrane electrode; the shell and a cavity body part connected with the shell form an ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate evaporation end, and the cavity body extends out of the shell to form an ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate condensation end; the total thickness of the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate is not more than 2mm;
the cooling liquid flow channel arranged in the fuel cell stack is made into a rectangular structure, a plurality of baffle layers are arranged in the rectangular structure, the condensing end of each ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate is arranged in one rectangular structure of the cooling liquid flow channel, and the part of the cooling liquid flow channel outside the condensing end of the ultrathin temperature-equalizing plate is a circular pipeline;
the working medium is one or more of acetone, ethanol or deionized water.
2. The liquid-cooled module for high power fuel cell heat transfer equalization as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the cavity body extends out from two ends of the shell.
3. The liquid-cooled module for high power fuel cell heat transfer equalization as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the liquid absorption core is made of glass fiber, sintered metal particles, silk screen or ultra-light porous foam metal.
4. The liquid-cooled module for high power fuel cell heat transfer equalization as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the shell is made of red copper or copper alloy.
5. The liquid-cooled module for high power fuel cell heat transfer equalization as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the circulating liquid pump adopts a CRS25-10 type circulating liquid pump.
6. The liquid-cooled module for high power fuel cell heat transfer equalization as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the heating device adopts PTC heating or electrothermal film heating device.
7. The liquid-cooled module for high power fuel cell heat transfer equalization as set forth in claim 1, wherein: PE is selected as the material of the cooling liquid flow channel.
8. The liquid-cooled module for high power fuel cell heat transfer equalization as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the membrane electrode is an MEA membrane electrode.
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| CN111987332A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2020-11-24 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Heat dissipation and preheating combined fuel cell stack |
| CN110416568A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-05 | 北京久安通氢能科技有限公司 | Air-cooled (list) battery pile of heat pipe metal double polar plates, the vehicles and electronic equipment |
| CN112993317A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Stack heat exchange structure for high-temperature fuel cell and application thereof |
| CN114300704A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-04-08 | 清华大学 | Fuel cell with heat pipe for strengthening heat transfer |
| CN116914181A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-10-20 | 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 | Vapor chamber and vapor chamber for thermal management of fuel cells |
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| JP5836823B2 (en) * | 2012-01-30 | 2015-12-24 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fuel cell module |
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