CN112993317A - Stack heat exchange structure for high-temperature fuel cell and application thereof - Google Patents
Stack heat exchange structure for high-temperature fuel cell and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112993317A CN112993317A CN201911295736.5A CN201911295736A CN112993317A CN 112993317 A CN112993317 A CN 112993317A CN 201911295736 A CN201911295736 A CN 201911295736A CN 112993317 A CN112993317 A CN 112993317A
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- oil
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a stack heat exchange structure for a high-temperature fuel cell and application thereof. The invention comprises a main shell and a cover plate fixedly connected to the main shell, wherein an oil inlet and an oil outlet are formed in the side wall of the main shell, a hollow oil path for communicating the oil inlet and the oil outlet is arranged in the main shell, a plurality of three-dimensional porous structures are fixedly connected in the oil path, and the three-dimensional porous structures are used for increasing the fluid resistance in the oil path and simultaneously improving the heat exchange area in the heat exchange structure. The invention is applied to the thermal management of the interval cooling electric pile, and each heat exchange structure can transfer the heat generated by a plurality of membrane electrodes, so that the electric pile achieves the thermal balance. Different from the section-by-section cooling electric pile, the heat exchange structure adopted by the interval cooling electric pile can structurally realize the separation of a cooling oil circulation loop and a membrane electrode, and avoid the membrane electrode pollution caused by the leakage of the cooling oil, so that the irreversible performance of the membrane electrode is reduced. The high heat exchange capacity of the heat exchange structure is beneficial to improving the temperature consistency of the galvanic pile and improving the performance of the galvanic pile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a stack heat exchange structure for a high-temperature fuel cell and application thereof.
Background
Thermal management is the core technology of the fuel cell stack, and the design of thermal management dominates the design of the fuel cell stack. The main purpose of thermal management is to remove the heat generated by the membrane electrode from the stack by means of heat transfer to bring the stack to thermal equilibrium. The fuel cell stack mainly has two forms of internal cooling and external cooling, each of which is classified into two cooling methods, an air cooling method and an oil cooling method, according to a cooling medium. The internal air cooling method is that high-metering-ratio cathode air exchanges heat with a cathode structure, and the air is used as a cooling medium to carry the heat out of the electric pile. The oil cooling method is that heat conducting oil with high specific heat exchanges heat with a heat interface of a relatively independent channel. Systems with different power ranges require different types of thermal management methods, for example, the air cooling method is generally applied to a high-temperature methanol fuel cell stack with a power of less than 1kW, and due to the low heat capacity and heat conductivity of air, a large temperature gradient is formed in the effective area of the stack, which affects the temperature uniformity of the membrane electrode, and the air cooling method is generally applied to a stack with a small effective area. At the same time, the air cooling method requires an excessively high air flow rate, which greatly increases the power consumption of the auxiliary components of the system, thereby reducing the system efficiency. The oil cooling method is suitable for a high-temperature methanol fuel cell stack with the power of more than 1kW, and as the heat conduction oil has higher specific heat capacity and heat conductivity coefficient, only lower temperature gradient and parasitic power consumption of a pump are generated in the cooling process. The biggest technical challenge of the oil cooling method is the sealing problem of the heat transfer oil circulation circuit, and the existing oil cooling technology as shown in fig. 3 is very easy to cause the heat transfer oil to leak, thereby causing the irreversible damage to the electric pile caused by the membrane electrode pollution.
Based on the structure, the separation of the heat conduction oil circulation circuit and the membrane electrode is realized, the pollution of an oil way to the membrane electrode is effectively avoided, and the uniform cooling is the problem to be solved urgently by the high-temperature fuel cell stack.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, a stack heat exchange structure for a high temperature fuel cell and an application thereof are provided. The invention can effectively avoid the pollution of the membrane electrode by heat-conducting oil and simultaneously lead the galvanic pile to reach a thermal equilibrium state. The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
the utility model provides a high temperature is pile heat transfer structure for fuel cell, includes main casing body and fixed connection apron on it, oil inlet and oil-out are seted up to main casing body lateral wall, the main casing body is inside to be the hollow oil circuit of intercommunication oil inlet and oil-out, a plurality of three-dimensional porous structures of the inside fixed connection of oil circuit, three-dimensional porous structure is arranged in making the interior fluid resistance of oil circuit increase the inside heat transfer area of heat transfer structure simultaneously.
Further, the ratio of the volume to the surface area of the three-dimensional porous structure is 5-50cm3/cm2(ii) a The three-dimensional porous structure is made of heat conducting materials, including heat conducting metals and carbon materials.
Further, the three-dimensional porous structure is a honeycomb structure formed by foam metal or fins arranged in an array.
Furthermore, the upper side and the lower side of the heat exchange structure are respectively attached to different single batteries or membrane electrodes, the cross section of the main shell is the same as that of the single batteries or the membrane electrode main frame, and holes corresponding to the positions of the connecting holes of the single batteries or the membrane electrode main frame are formed in the upper side and the lower side of the main shell.
Furthermore, the number of oil inlets is equal to the number of oil outlets, and an oil outlet pipe with a preset length is fixedly arranged on the main shell.
Further, the main shell and the cover plate are bonded or welded through heat conducting glue.
Furthermore, the main shell is provided with a cover plate groove for accommodating the cover plate, and the thickness of the cover plate groove is h1The thickness of the main shell is h2Height of oil path is h3Then there is h2＝h1+h3And the height of the partition plate is the same as that of the oil way.
Further, a linear type clapboard used for adjusting the layout of the oil way is arranged in the hollow oil way, so that the formed oil way is in a straight snake shape, and specifically, two clapboards at the outer side and corresponding oil are arrangedThe oil inlet and the oil outlet are arranged between the roadside edge parts, the inner side partition plates adjacent to the outer side partition plates are sequentially arranged on the opposite sides of the adjacent partition plates at intervals, the distance between the adjacent partition plates is equal, namely the width d of the oil way1The distance between the side edge of the oil passage and the partition plate is also d1。
Furthermore, the number of the partition plates is 1-10, the height of each partition plate is 0.2-20 mm, and the width of each oil path is 1-100 mm.
The invention also provides an application of the electric pile heat exchange structure for the high-temperature fuel cell, the heat exchange structure and the monocell are arranged at intervals, and N oil inlets of N heat exchange structures in the electric pile are connected in parallel; n oil outlets and inlets of N heat exchange structures in the electric pile are connected in parallel; the connecting pipeline is arranged outside the single cells of the electric pile, N is a natural number more than or equal to 2, and the heat exchange structures and the single cells are arranged at intervals in a proportion that every 1-5 single cells are provided with one heat exchange structure.
The invention is applied to the thermal management of the interval cooling electric pile, and each heat exchange structure can transfer the heat generated by a plurality of membrane electrodes, so that the electric pile achieves the thermal balance. Compared with the existing oil-cooled heat exchanger, the heat exchange structure has high heat exchange capacity, the same heat exchange is completed only under the drive of smaller temperature gradient through the snake-shaped oil circuit, the three-dimensional porous structure is beneficial to the heat exchange of the internal medium (cooling oil) of the heat exchange component and the main shell, the heat exchange of the main shell and the single battery is further realized, the temperature consistency of the single battery during the heat exchange is ensured, and the performance of the electric pile is improved.
For the above reasons, the present invention can be widely applied to the technical field of fuel cells.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional porous structure in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange structure of a stack for a high-temperature fuel cell according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional oil-cooled electric stack structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a high-temperature fuel cell stack heat exchange structure applied to a spaced oil-cooled stack in an embodiment of the present invention.
1. A main housing; 2. a partition plate; 3. an oil inlet; 4. an oil outlet; 5. an oil path; 6. a cover plate groove; 7. an aperture; 8. existing cooling oil main lines; 9. a membrane electrode; 10. and (7) a cover plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment discloses a stack heat exchange structure for a high temperature fuel cell, which includes a main housing 1 and a cover plate 10 fixedly connected thereto, an oil inlet and an oil outlet are formed in a side wall of the main housing, a hollow oil path 5 communicating the oil inlet 3 with the oil outlet 4 is formed inside the main housing, a plurality of three-dimensional porous structures are fixedly connected inside the oil path, and the three-dimensional porous structures are used for increasing fluid resistance in the oil path and simultaneously increasing heat exchange area inside the heat exchange structure. The ratio of the volume to the surface area of the three-dimensional porous structure is 5-50cm3/cm2(ii) a The three-dimensional porous structure is made of heat conducting materials, including heat conducting metals and carbon materials. The three-dimensional porous structure is a honeycomb structure formed by foam metal or fins arranged in an array as shown in figure 1.
A plurality of partition plates 2 are fixedly connected inside the main shell and used for adjusting the oil path into a snake shape. In this embodiment, the hollow oil passage is a labyrinthFormula serpentine channel constitutes the passageway of turning back by a plurality of baffle, evenly spreads in the oil circuit and sets up three-dimensional porous structure, heat exchange structure upper and lower side laminates with different battery cell or membrane electrode respectively, the shape of cross section of main casing body is the same with battery cell or membrane electrode main frame shape of cross section, the hole that corresponds battery cell or membrane electrode main frame connecting hole position is seted up to main casing body upper and lower downside. The heat generated by the membrane electrodes is exchanged through the oil-cooling heat exchange structure, and is removed from the galvanic pile in a heat transfer mode, so that the galvanic pile reaches a heat balance state. The shell structure is arranged according to the shape of the galvanic pile and the inlet and outlet mode, so that the shell structure is a preferred embodiment, the shape of the cross section of the main shell is the same as that of the cross section of the main frame of the membrane electrode, the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the main shell are provided with holes 7 corresponding to the positions of the connecting holes of the main frame of the membrane electrode, and the screw rod penetrates through the connecting holes of the membrane electrode and the holes of the. In this embodiment, the partition plates are linear, the formed serpentine oil path is a straight serpentine, and in other optional embodiments, the partition plates are arranged in a manner that the oil path distribution is uniform, specifically, the oil inlet and the oil outlet are arranged between the two outer partition plates and the side edge portions of the corresponding oil path, the inner partition plates adjacent to the outer partition plates are sequentially arranged at opposite sides of the adjacent partition plates at intervals, the distances between the adjacent partition plates are equal, that is, the width d of the oil path is equal1The distance between the side edge of the oil passage and the partition plate is also d1. According to the size of the cooling plate, the number of the partition plates is 1-10, and 5 partition plates are provided in the embodiment.
In this embodiment, the heat transfer structure is the rectangle, and oil inlet and oil-out set up in the long limit one side of rectangle structure, and in other optional implementation modes, the import and export direction, set up the position and all can change, and correspondingly, the flow field structure changes along with it according to required cooling oil heat transfer area and import and export mode.
In order to ensure high heat transfer coefficient and better heat conduction capability, as a preferred embodiment, the heat exchange structure takes stainless steel or an optional material with high heat transfer coefficient as a raw material, correspondingly, the main shell and the cover plate are bonded or welded by heat conduction glue to complete fastening, and meanwhile, an internal flow field can be carved on the front surface of the stainless steel plate by using a carving machine.
In order to reduce the volume of the stack, the main housing is provided with a cover plate groove 6 with a thickness h for accommodating the cover plate as a preferred embodiment1The thickness of the main shell is h2Height of oil path is h3Then there is h2＝h1+h3I.e. the top side of the cover plate is flush with the top side of the main housing, and the height of the partition plate is the same as the height of the oil passage.
In a preferred embodiment, the height of the partition plate/the depth of the serpentine channel is 0.2 to 20mm, and the width of the oil passage is 1 to 100 mm.
In the specific application of the embodiment, the heat exchange structures and the monocells are arranged at intervals, and N oil inlets of N heat exchange structures in the galvanic pile are connected in parallel; n oil outlets and inlets of N heat exchange structures in the electric pile are connected in parallel; the connecting pipeline is arranged outside the single cells of the electric pile, N is a natural number more than or equal to 2, and the heat exchange structures and the single cells are arranged at intervals in a proportion that every 1-5 single cells are provided with one heat exchange structure.
Although the cooling oil pipeline 8 of the existing interval cooling heat management method can be kept in non-contact with the membrane electrode 9, the temperature consistency is poor, after the interval cooling heat management method is sealed, the oil pipeline is in contact with the membrane electrode 9 through the cover plate and the bottom plate, and meanwhile, the oil pipeline is uniformly adjusted through an oil pipeline adjusting structure, so that the temperature consistency is effectively guaranteed.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high temperature is pile heat transfer structure for fuel cell which characterized in that, includes the main casing body and the apron of fixed connection on it, oil inlet and oil-out are seted up to main casing body lateral wall, main casing body is inside to be the hollow oil circuit of intercommunication oil inlet and oil-out, the inside fixedly connected with a plurality of three-dimensional porous structures of oil circuit, three-dimensional porous structure is arranged in improving the heat transfer area inside the heat transfer structure when making the fluid resistance increase in the oil circuit.
2. A stack heat exchange structure for a high temperature fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the volume to surface area ratio of the three-dimensional porous structure is 5-50cm3/cm2(ii) a The three-dimensional porous structure is made of heat conducting materials, including heat conducting metals and carbon materials.
3. The stack heat exchange structure for a high-temperature fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional porous structure is a honeycomb structure formed by foamed metal or fins arranged in an array.
4. The stack heat exchange structure for a high temperature fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower sides of the heat exchange structure are respectively attached to different unit cells or membrane electrodes, the cross-sectional shape of the main housing is the same as that of the unit cells or the membrane electrode main frame, and holes corresponding to the positions of the connection holes of the unit cells or the membrane electrode main frame are formed in the upper and lower sides of the main housing.
5. The stack heat exchange structure for a high temperature fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the number of the oil inlets is equal to the number of the oil outlets, and the main housing is fixedly provided with the oil outlet pipe with a preset length.
6. The stack heat exchange structure for a high temperature fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the main casing and the cover plate are bonded or welded by a thermally conductive adhesive.
7. A stack heat exchange structure for a high temperature fuel cell according to any one of claim 1, wherein the stack heat exchange structure is characterized in thatThe main shell is provided with a cover plate groove for accommodating the cover plate, and the thickness of the cover plate groove is h1The thickness of the main shell is h2Height of oil path is h3Then there is h2＝h1+h3And the height of the partition plate is the same as that of the oil way.
8. The stack heat exchange structure for a high temperature fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein a linear partition plate for adjusting the layout of the oil path is provided in the hollow oil path, such that the formed oil path is a straight serpentine, specifically, the oil inlet and the oil outlet are provided between two outer partition plates and the side edge portion of the corresponding oil path, the inner partition plates adjacent to the outer partition plates are sequentially provided at opposite sides of the adjacent partition plates at intervals, and the distance between the adjacent partition plates is equal, i.e. the width d of the oil path is equal1The distance between the side edge of the oil passage and the partition plate is also d1。
9. The stack heat exchange structure for a high temperature fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the number of the separators is 1 to 10, the height of the separator is 0.2 to 20mm, and the width of the oil passage is 1 to 100 mm.
10. The application of the electric pile heat exchange structure for the high-temperature fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the heat exchange structure and the single cells are arranged at intervals, and N oil inlets of N heat exchange structures in the electric pile are connected in parallel; n oil outlets and inlets of N heat exchange structures in the electric pile are connected in parallel; the connecting pipeline is arranged outside the single cells of the electric pile, N is a natural number more than or equal to 2, and the heat exchange structures and the single cells are arranged at intervals in a proportion that every 1-5 single cells are provided with one heat exchange structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911295736.5A CN112993317A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Stack heat exchange structure for high-temperature fuel cell and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911295736.5A CN112993317A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Stack heat exchange structure for high-temperature fuel cell and application thereof |
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| CN112993317A true CN112993317A (en) | 2021-06-18 |
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| CN201911295736.5A Pending CN112993317A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Stack heat exchange structure for high-temperature fuel cell and application thereof |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101682052A (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2010-03-24 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell |
| CN102918695A (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2013-02-06 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Operation method for fuel cell, and fuel cell system |
| CN104716362A (en) * | 2013-12-15 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Honeycomb metal-based pipe belt type heat exchanger and application thereof |
| CN106602105A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 淳铭散热科技股份有限公司 | proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management system |
| CN109004246A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-12-14 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of liquid phase refrigerating module based on high power density fuel cell |
| CN109037731A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-12-18 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of liquid-cooled module for high power fuel cell heat transfer samming |
-
2019
- 2019-12-16 CN CN201911295736.5A patent/CN112993317A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101682052A (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2010-03-24 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell |
| CN102918695A (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2013-02-06 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Operation method for fuel cell, and fuel cell system |
| CN104716362A (en) * | 2013-12-15 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Honeycomb metal-based pipe belt type heat exchanger and application thereof |
| CN106602105A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 淳铭散热科技股份有限公司 | proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management system |
| CN109004246A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-12-14 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of liquid phase refrigerating module based on high power density fuel cell |
| CN109037731A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-12-18 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of liquid-cooled module for high power fuel cell heat transfer samming |
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Application publication date: 20210618 |
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