CN109030115B - Unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric biological particle acquisition equipment and method - Google Patents
Unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric biological particle acquisition equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109030115B CN109030115B CN201810551381.0A CN201810551381A CN109030115B CN 109030115 B CN109030115 B CN 109030115B CN 201810551381 A CN201810551381 A CN 201810551381A CN 109030115 B CN109030115 B CN 109030115B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2273—Atmospheric sampling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2273—Atmospheric sampling
- G01N2001/2279—Atmospheric sampling high altitude, e.g. rockets, balloons
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Abstract
The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric biological particle acquisition device and method, belonging to the technical field of agriculture and comprising a hanger, a nacelle, a telescopic device, a power supply facility, a driver, a swing mechanism and an acquisition bin; the hanging piece is connected with the expansion piece; the swing mechanism consists of a main shaft, an auxiliary shaft, a main gear and an auxiliary gear; the side face of the collecting bin, where the auxiliary shaft is located, is provided with a panel which can rotate along with the auxiliary shaft, and the panel is provided with a plurality of sampling workpieces which are arranged in a matrix form; the power supply facility is electrically connected with the expansion piece and the driver respectively. According to the invention, the collection equipment is hung on the unmanned aerial vehicle to sample the atmospheric biological particles in the high altitude, so that the limitation that the low altitude cannot reflect the diffusion of the atmospheric biological particles is overcome. The invention can accurately and continuously complete the sampling operation of biological particles in the atmosphere and has the characteristics of compact structure, high collection efficiency, stability and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and relates to unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric biological particle acquisition equipment and method.
Background
In the prior art, the drifting of biological particles in the atmosphere is a key subject of agricultural ecosystem research, and is a key technology for researches such as invasive species diffusion, ecological population change, pollen allergen tracing and the like. Because the biological particles spread along with the wind have light weight, small volume, large variation range of spreading height and distance and fast change of the atmosphere, the biological particle drifting sampling is always the elbow for researching the atmospheric spreading of the biological particles. Biological particles, such as pollen, seeds and the like, which drift along with the atmosphere are captured as much as possible, so that the opportunity of effective sampling is increased, and a novel sampling tool needs to be developed.
The unmanned plane is called unmanned plane for short, and is called UAV in English, and is an unmanned aerial vehicle operated by using a radio remote control device and a self-contained program control device. Unmanned aerial vehicles are in fact a general term for unmanned aerial vehicles, and can be defined from a technical perspective as follows: unmanned helicopters, unmanned fixed wing aircraft, unmanned multi-rotor aircraft, unmanned airships, and unmanned parawing aircraft. Compared with manned aircraft, it has small volume, low cost, convenient use, low requirement for combat environment, strong battlefield viability and the like, and the demand of environmental sample collection is continuously increased along with the attention of modern society on environmental pollution and the continuous enhancement of environmental pollution research. Traditional environmental sample collection is mainly divided into field collection and fixed point sample collection, wherein the field collection and the fixed point sample collection are carried by a person. The two acquisition modes have advantages and disadvantages, the flexibility of the acquisition mode is high, but the labor cost and the time cost are high, and the acquisition precision is low; the latter method has high acquisition precision, but has large fixed investment, and simultaneously the acquisition method needs land occupation and continuous maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention aims to provide an unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric biological particle collecting device and method with high working efficiency, so as to overcome the limitation that atmospheric biological particle diffusion cannot be reflected by low altitude, and quickly, accurately and continuously complete the sampling operation of biological particles in the atmosphere.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric biological particle acquisition device which comprises a hanger, a nacelle, a telescopic device, a power supply facility, a driver, a slewing mechanism and an acquisition bin, wherein the telescopic device, the power supply facility, the driver, the slewing mechanism and the acquisition bin are arranged on the nacelle; the hanging piece is connected with the expansion piece; the rotary mechanism consists of a main shaft, an auxiliary shaft, a main gear and an auxiliary gear, wherein one end of the main shaft penetrates through the acquisition bin and is rotatably connected with the acquisition bin, the other end of the main shaft is rotatably connected with the driver, and the main gear is arranged on one side close to the acquisition bin; the auxiliary shaft and the main shaft are parallel to each other and rotatably penetrate through the collecting bin, and an auxiliary gear in meshing transmission with the main gear is arranged on the auxiliary shaft; the side face of the collecting bin where the auxiliary shaft is located is provided with a panel which can rotate along with the auxiliary shaft, and the panel is provided with a plurality of sampling workpieces which are arranged in a matrix form; and the power supply facility is electrically connected with the expansion piece and the driver respectively.
Further, the sampling workpiece is rotatably arranged on the panel through a rotating device electrically connected with a power supply facility, the main shaft is connected with the driver through a gear pair, a turbine worm pair or a synchronous belt, and the rotating device and the driver adopt motors.
Further, the telescopic device adopts a winch.
Further, the power supply facility is arranged in the area of the nacelle between the telescopic device and the driver, and a storage battery is adopted.
Furthermore, a hanging ring which is mutually hooked with the hanging piece is further arranged at one end, far away from the nacelle, of the main shaft, the hanging ring is rotatably connected with the main shaft, and the hanging piece is a hanging hook.
Furthermore, the sampling workpiece comprises a support and sampling sheets detachably connected to the support, the number of the sampling sheets is 2-4, the sampling sheets are distributed annularly, and microscope slides coated with adhesives are adopted.
Furthermore, the collecting bin is of a polygonal structure, and a counter shaft is arranged on each corresponding edge.
Further, the main gear is a circular gear or a convex gear.
The invention discloses a collecting method of the unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric biological particle collecting equipment, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting the acquisition equipment on an unmanned aerial vehicle;
s2, setting the flying height of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the ground to be tested;
s3, after the unmanned aerial vehicle is lifted to a designated height, the pod is lowered to a high-altitude point to be detected through the expansion piece, and the driver rotates the rotary mechanism to enable the sampling workpiece to be screwed out of the collection bin;
s4, collecting the atmospheric biological particles of the altitude point to be measured by using the sampling workpiece;
and S5, after the sampling of the sampling workpiece is finished, rotating the rotating mechanism by the driver to screw the sampling workpiece into the collecting bin, pulling the pod upwards by the telescopic device, and returning the unmanned aerial vehicle.
Preferably, a plurality of collecting devices are arranged in series on the unmanned aerial vehicle in step S1, and in step S3, the telescopic devices of the plurality of collecting devices are operated individually to lower the respective pod to different altitudes to be measured, so as to set different sampling points at different vertical heights in the same area, thereby forming a distribution diagram of the atmospheric biological particle data at different vertical heights.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the collection equipment is hung on the unmanned aerial vehicle to sample the atmospheric biological particles in the high altitude, so that the limitation that the low altitude cannot reflect the diffusion of the atmospheric biological particles is overcome. The invention can also set different vertical height sampling points in the same area by stopping a plurality of acquisition devices at different height empty points to be measured to form a distribution diagram of the atmospheric biological particle data with different vertical heights, thereby obtaining continuous and reliable acquisition data and improving the accuracy of the total air particle concentration calculated by the acquisition devices. The collecting equipment has strong practicability, is beneficial to reducing the operation cost and the danger of manually collecting samples, and has the characteristics of compact structure, high efficiency, stability and reliability in collection. The whole collection process of the collection method can be flexibly, quickly, continuously and accurately collected by the collection equipment, and the biological particle sampling operation in the atmosphere can be accurately and continuously completed. The collecting device provided by the invention can carry out sampling work by screwing the sampling workpiece out of the collecting bin in the collecting process, and can screw the sampling workpiece into the collecting bin after the collection is finished, so that the collected sample can be stored conveniently, and the collecting accuracy is improved.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the collecting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the sampling workpiece rotated out of the collection chamber in the direction of view A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the rotating mechanism of the collecting device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the reference numbers in the figures refer to the following elements: the device comprises a hanger 1, a nacelle 2, a telescopic device 3, a power supply facility 4, a driver 5, a swing mechanism 6, a collection bin 7 and a sampling workpiece 8; a main shaft 61, a countershaft 62, a primary gear 63, and secondary gears 64, 65.
The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached figure 1: the embodiment provides an unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric biological particle collecting device which comprises a hanger 1, a nacelle 2, a sampling workpiece 8, a telescopic device 3 arranged on the nacelle 2, a driver 5, a slewing mechanism 6, a collecting bin 7 and a power supply facility 4; the hanger 1 is connected with an unmanned aerial vehicle (not shown); the hanging part 1 is connected with a telescopic device 3, the telescopic device 3 adopts winch equipment, and the nacelle 2 is lowered down or pulled up by winding and unwinding a steel wire or a rope; the rotary mechanism 6 consists of a main shaft 61, an auxiliary shaft 62, a main gear 63 and an auxiliary gear 64, one end of the main shaft 61 penetrates through the collecting bin 7 and is rotatably connected with the collecting bin, the other end of the main shaft is rotatably connected with the driver 5, and the main gear 63 is further arranged on one side close to the collecting bin 7; the auxiliary shaft 62 and the main shaft 61 are parallel to each other and rotatably arranged on the collecting bin 7 in a penetrating way, and an auxiliary gear 64 in meshing transmission with the main gear 63 is arranged on the auxiliary shaft; a panel (not marked) which can rotate along with the auxiliary shaft 62 is arranged on the side surface of the collecting bin 7 where the auxiliary shaft 62 is located, and a plurality of sampling workpieces 8 arranged in a matrix form are arranged on the panel; as shown in fig. 2, when the main shaft 61 is rotated by the driver 5, the main gear 63 on the main shaft drives the auxiliary gear 64 on the auxiliary shaft 62, so as to drive the auxiliary shaft to rotate, and the panel arranged on the auxiliary shaft follows the auxiliary shaft to rotate, so that the sampling workpieces 8 arranged on the panel can be screwed into the collecting bin 7; of course, the gear transmission mode is not a unique structure, and can also be alternative forms such as a synchronous belt and the like, and the gear transmission mode and the synchronous belt and the like belong to similar concepts of the application; the power supply facility 4 is electrically connected with the expansion piece 3 and the driver 5 respectively.
When in use, the acquisition equipment is firstly installed on an unmanned aerial vehicle; then, setting the flying height of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the ground to be tested; then, after the unmanned aerial vehicle is lifted to a specified height, the pod 2 is lowered to a height-to-be-measured vacancy point through the expansion piece 3, the swing mechanism 6 is rotated by the driver 5, so that the sampling workpiece 8 is screwed out of the collection bin 7, the sampling workpiece can collect atmospheric biological particles outside the collection bin, and the design of the swing mechanism is favorable for the sampling workpiece to enter and exit the collection bin; then, after the sampling workpiece 8 is completely collected, the driver 5 rotates the swing mechanism 6 to enable the sampling workpiece 8 to be screwed into the collection bin 7 so as to store the collected sample, the telescopic device 3 pulls up the pod 2, and the unmanned aerial vehicle returns; and finally, carrying out test calculation on the collected sample on the sampling workpiece. In order to complete the above-mentioned series of sampling operations, conventional devices provided on the unmanned aerial vehicle, such as a flight control module, a navigation module, a wireless transmission module, a remote control device, etc., belong to default facilities, and no excessive description is made here, and similarly, conventional technologies such as a control module, a ground remote control, a wireless transmission, etc., should be additionally provided for controlling operations of components such as a retractor, a driver, etc., on the acquisition device. By adopting the scheme, the acquisition equipment is hung on the unmanned aerial vehicle to sample the atmospheric biological particles in the high altitude, so that the limitation that the low altitude cannot reflect the diffusion of the atmospheric biological particles is overcome. The collecting equipment has strong practicability, is beneficial to reducing the operation cost and the danger of manually collecting samples, and has the characteristics of compact structure, high efficiency, stability and reliability in collection. The whole collection process of the invention can realize flexible, quick, continuous and accurate collection effect by the collection equipment, namely, the biological particle sampling operation in the atmosphere can be accurately and continuously completed. The collecting device provided by the invention can carry out sampling work by screwing the sampling workpiece out of the collecting bin in the collecting process, and can screw the sampling workpiece into the collecting bin after the collection is finished, so that the collected sample can be stored conveniently, and the collecting accuracy is improved.
The sampling workpiece 8 in this embodiment is rotatably disposed on the panel through a rotator (not marked) electrically connected to the power supply facility 4, so that the sampling workpiece can rotate to sample by itself, and the sampling effect and efficiency are improved. The main shaft 61 is connected with the driver 5 through a gear pair, a turbine worm pair or a synchronous belt, and the rotating device and the driver 5 both adopt motors.
The power supply facility 4 in this embodiment is provided in the area of the nacelle 2 between the pantograph 3 and the drive 5, and employs a battery.
The main shaft 61 in this embodiment is further provided with a hanging ring 65 hooked with the hanger 1 at one end far away from the pod 2, the hanging ring is rotatably connected with the main shaft, and the hanger 1 is a hanging hook. Like this, can establish ties a plurality of collection equipment that set up on unmanned aerial vehicle, carry out the isolated operation through the expansion bend to a plurality of collection equipment and transfer respective nacelle to the different high latitude points of awaiting measuring to set up different vertical height sampling points in same region, form the distribution diagram of different vertical height atmospheric biological particle data, with this acquisition data that obtain reliable and continuous, thereby improve the accuracy of the total particle concentration of air that obtains by its calculation.
The sampling workpiece 8 in this embodiment is composed of a support and two to four sampling sheets detachably connected to the support, and a microscope slide coated with an adhesive such as silicone grease is used. If the sampling workpiece is designed by a three-piece sampling piece structure, an effective acquisition area can be increased, the acquisition efficiency is improved, and continuous and reliable acquisition data can be acquired, so that the accuracy of the total particle concentration of the air calculated by the sampling workpiece is improved.
The collecting chamber 7 in this embodiment is a polygonal structure, such as a quadrilateral shown in fig. 2, and a counter shaft 62 is provided on each of the four corresponding sides. Like this, four positions in collection storehouse all can set up the sampling work piece and gather, improve collection efficiency and effect.
As shown in FIG. 3, in another embodiment, the main gear 63 is a spur gear, or 1/4 circular gear, and by this structure, the main gear can be meshed with the pinion on each secondary shaft, so that the sampling workpieces on each side of the polygonal sampling bin can be screwed in or out of the sampling bin in batches according to the set sampling time, so as to obtain sampling samples in different batches, i.e. to increase the residence time of the sampling device in the air, and the sampling effect is better.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric biological particle collecting device is characterized by comprising a hanger (1), a nacelle (2), a telescopic device (3), a power supply facility (4), a driver (5), a slewing mechanism (6) and a collecting bin (7), wherein the telescopic device (3), the power supply facility, the driver (5), the slewing mechanism and the collecting bin are arranged on the nacelle; the hanging piece is connected with the expansion piece; the rotary mechanism consists of a main shaft (61), an auxiliary shaft (62), a main gear (63) and an auxiliary gear (64), one end of the main shaft penetrates through the collection bin and is rotatably connected with the collection bin, the other end of the main shaft is rotatably connected with the driver, and the main gear is further arranged on one side close to the collection bin; the auxiliary shaft and the main shaft are parallel to each other and rotatably penetrate through the collecting bin, and an auxiliary gear in meshing transmission with the main gear is arranged on the auxiliary shaft; the side face of the collecting bin where the auxiliary shaft is located is provided with a panel which can rotate along with the auxiliary shaft, and the panel is provided with a plurality of sampling workpieces (8) which are arranged in a matrix form; and the power supply facility is electrically connected with the expansion piece and the driver respectively.
2. The unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric bio-particle collection device of claim 1, wherein the sampling workpiece is rotatably disposed on the panel by a rotator electrically connected to a power supply facility, the main shaft is connected to the driver by a gear pair, a turbine worm pair or a synchronous belt, and the rotator and the driver employ motors.
3. The unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric bio-particle collection device of claim 1, wherein the retractor is a winch.
4. An unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric bio-particle collection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power supply facility is provided in a region of the pod between the retractor and the drive, employing a battery.
5. The unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric bio-particle collection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the main shaft is further provided with a hanging ring (65) hooked with a hanging piece at an end far away from the nacelle, the hanging ring is rotatably connected with the main shaft, and the hanging piece is a hanging hook.
6. The unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric biological particle collection device of claim 1, wherein the sampling workpiece comprises a support and sampling sheets detachably connected to the support, the number of the sampling sheets is 2-4, the sampling sheets are distributed in an annular shape, and a microscope slide coated with an adhesive is adopted.
7. An unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric bio-particle collection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the collection chamber is of polygonal configuration with a secondary shaft on each respective side.
8. The unmanned aerial vehicle airborne biological particle collection apparatus of claim 1, wherein said main gear is a circular gear or a spur gear.
9. The collecting method of the unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric biological particle collecting device of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting the acquisition equipment on an unmanned aerial vehicle;
s2, setting the flying height of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the ground to be tested;
s3, after the unmanned aerial vehicle is lifted to a designated height, the pod is lowered to a high-altitude point to be detected through the expansion piece, and the driver rotates the rotary mechanism to enable the sampling workpiece to be screwed out of the collection bin;
s4, collecting the atmospheric biological particles of the altitude point to be measured by using the sampling workpiece;
and S5, after the sampling of the sampling workpiece is finished, rotating the rotating mechanism by the driver to screw the sampling workpiece into the collecting bin, pulling the pod upwards by the telescopic device, and returning the unmanned aerial vehicle.
10. The method for collecting airborne bio-particle collection equipment of unmanned aerial vehicle as claimed in claim 9, wherein step S1 further comprises a plurality of collection equipment serially connected to the unmanned aerial vehicle, and step S3 is performed to individually operate the retractors of the plurality of collection equipment to lower the respective pod to different altitudes to be measured, so as to set different sampling points at different vertical heights in the same area, thereby forming a distribution map of the airborne bio-particle data at different vertical heights.
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| CN201810551381.0A CN109030115B (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric biological particle acquisition equipment and method |
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| CN201810551381.0A CN109030115B (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Unmanned aerial vehicle atmospheric biological particle acquisition equipment and method |
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| CN109030115B true CN109030115B (en) | 2021-02-19 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109911229A (en) * | 2019-03-23 | 2019-06-21 | 佛山昊航科技有限公司 | A kind of environment monitoring unmanned vehicle |
| CN114034522A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-11 | 重庆交通大学 | System and method for collecting particles in air based on multi-unmanned aerial vehicle operation |
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